Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58199
P. Pandey, H. Pandey, Aashish Shrestha
Rice, a prime crop in Nepal and other South Asian nations, plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and socio-economic development. In Nepal’s agricultural sector, rice accounts for the largest share of the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP), comprising approximately 20%. However, the absence of appropriate policies poses a significant challenge to the sustainable production of rice in Nepal. This study aims to assess the various policy dimensions of the sustainable rice industry in Nepal and compare them with the policy implications in neighboring South Asian countries such as India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The study draws on secondary sources of information for its analysis. The findings reveal that Nepal lacks a comprehensive rice policy, while its existing agriculture policy is characterized by confusion and contradictions. To attain self-sufficiency in food production, it is imperative to establish a comprehensive rice policy in Nepal and implement price subsidies on diverse inputs, as observed in neighboring countries which will ultimately contribute to enhancing the sustainability of the rice industry and promote the goal of food self-sufficiency in Nepal.
{"title":"Sustainable Rice Industry in Nepal: Comparative Analysis with South Asia","authors":"P. Pandey, H. Pandey, Aashish Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58199","url":null,"abstract":"Rice, a prime crop in Nepal and other South Asian nations, plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and socio-economic development. In Nepal’s agricultural sector, rice accounts for the largest share of the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP), comprising approximately 20%. However, the absence of appropriate policies poses a significant challenge to the sustainable production of rice in Nepal. This study aims to assess the various policy dimensions of the sustainable rice industry in Nepal and compare them with the policy implications in neighboring South Asian countries such as India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The study draws on secondary sources of information for its analysis. The findings reveal that Nepal lacks a comprehensive rice policy, while its existing agriculture policy is characterized by confusion and contradictions. To attain self-sufficiency in food production, it is imperative to establish a comprehensive rice policy in Nepal and implement price subsidies on diverse inputs, as observed in neighboring countries which will ultimately contribute to enhancing the sustainability of the rice industry and promote the goal of food self-sufficiency in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90275664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58192
Sonika Poudel, Subodh Khanal
A study was conducted to document the major ethnobotanicals used against different ailments from Dhimal community of Urlabari Municipality. Deductive research approach employed through household survey using semi-structured questionnaire with 115 respondents for research work. Out of 23 documented plants, Cuscuta reflexa Roxb., Mimosa pudica L. , Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Achyranthes aspera L. and Acorus calamus L. were screened for further phytochemical analysis based on fidelity level. Five treatments maintained as 3 different concentrations (5, 10, and 15% of stock solution), and control were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications for evaluating allelopathic potential where selected botanical extracts on germination, radical, and plumule growth of wheat seedlings were examined under invitro condition. Mimosa pudica L. had the highest alkaloid (15.39%), Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. had the highest terpenoid (9.17%) and Acorus calamus L. had the highest saponin (5.49%) when calculated via gravimetric method. Germination, radical and plumule growth found under control treatment were 3.24ab±0.09, 2.94a ±0.09cm and 2.70a ±0.17cm respectively. The stock solution of Acorus calamus L. with 15% concentration extract resulted in the maximum reduction of radicle length (1.14e ±0.22cm) and plumule length (1.04h ±0.17cm), along with heavily controlled germination (1.05f ±0.17) of wheat seedlings. Thus, Acorus calamus L. proved the highest allelopathic potential on wheat seedling growth indicating further investigation on other crops.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Allelopathic Potential of Important Medicinal Plants Used by Dhimal Community in Urlabari Municipality","authors":"Sonika Poudel, Subodh Khanal","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58192","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to document the major ethnobotanicals used against different ailments from Dhimal community of Urlabari Municipality. Deductive research approach employed through household survey using semi-structured questionnaire with 115 respondents for research work. Out of 23 documented plants, Cuscuta reflexa Roxb., Mimosa pudica L. , Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Achyranthes aspera L. and Acorus calamus L. were screened for further phytochemical analysis based on fidelity level. Five treatments maintained as 3 different concentrations (5, 10, and 15% of stock solution), and control were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications for evaluating allelopathic potential where selected botanical extracts on germination, radical, and plumule growth of wheat seedlings were examined under invitro condition. Mimosa pudica L. had the highest alkaloid (15.39%), Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. had the highest terpenoid (9.17%) and Acorus calamus L. had the highest saponin (5.49%) when calculated via gravimetric method. Germination, radical and plumule growth found under control treatment were 3.24ab±0.09, 2.94a ±0.09cm and 2.70a ±0.17cm respectively. The stock solution of Acorus calamus L. with 15% concentration extract resulted in the maximum reduction of radicle length (1.14e ±0.22cm) and plumule length (1.04h ±0.17cm), along with heavily controlled germination (1.05f ±0.17) of wheat seedlings. Thus, Acorus calamus L. proved the highest allelopathic potential on wheat seedling growth indicating further investigation on other crops.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74817025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was conducted at the Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan during the winter season, to find out the suitable transplanting dates and spacing for quality seed production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cv. Calabrese. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications, where main plot treatment consisted of transplanting dates (November 1, November 15 and November 30) and sub plot treatment consisted of spacing (60 cm × 50 cm, 60 cm × 60 cm, 60 cm × 75 cm). Since transplanting time and spacing affect vegetative traits, which are very important for seed yield. The highest seed yield (1.09 mt./ha) was obtained with November 1st planting at the spacing of 60 cm × 50 cm. So that transplanting date of November 1st with spacing 60 cm × 50 cm is better for seed production of broccoli in plain areas of Chitwan, Nepal.
为确定花椰菜(Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cv.的优质种子生产的适宜移栽日期和株距，在Chitwan Rampur的农林大学进行了冬季研究。花茎甘蓝。试验采用3个重复的分割小区设计，其中主小区处理为移栽日期(11月1日、11月15日和11月30日)，子小区处理为间距(60 cm × 50 cm、60 cm × 60 cm、60 cm × 75 cm)。移栽时间和移栽间距对种子产量有重要影响。11月1日播种时，种植间距为60 cm × 50 cm，种子产量最高，为1.09 mt / hm2。因此，在尼泊尔奇旺平原地区，以11月1日插秧60 cm × 50 cm为宜。
{"title":"Effect of Transplanting Date and Spacing on Seed Production of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) at Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"Saraswati Shrestha, Arvind Shribastava, Mohadatta Sharma","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58134","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted at the Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan during the winter season, to find out the suitable transplanting dates and spacing for quality seed production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cv. Calabrese. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications, where main plot treatment consisted of transplanting dates (November 1, November 15 and November 30) and sub plot treatment consisted of spacing (60 cm × 50 cm, 60 cm × 60 cm, 60 cm × 75 cm). Since transplanting time and spacing affect vegetative traits, which are very important for seed yield. The highest seed yield (1.09 mt./ha) was obtained with November 1st planting at the spacing of 60 cm × 50 cm. So that transplanting date of November 1st with spacing 60 cm × 50 cm is better for seed production of broccoli in plain areas of Chitwan, Nepal.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75303502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58176
S. Lohani, Saroj Adhikari, L. Aryal, Y. Bhusal, Manahar Kadariya, Sunil Aryal
Nine different compositions of growing media were evaluated for growing tomato and capsicum in two consecutive years (2020 and 2021). Experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) under rain shelter (poly house) with three replications. The growing media were Cocopeat, FYM+Cocopit+Perlite, FYM+ Cocopit+Vermiculite, FYM+Perlite, FYM+Soil, FYM+Vermiculite, Vermicompost+Perlite, Vermicompost +Soil and Vermicompost+Vermiculite. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in the observed parameters like number of seedlings emergence, number of seedling establishment, number of leaves, seedling height and diameter of seedling stem among the tested growing media. The highest seedling emergence of tomato and sweet pepper were recorded in cocopeat as a growing media. After 30 days after seed sowing (DAS) in tomato, the highest number of seedling (103.5) were found in Cocopeat and the tallest seedling height (19.92 cm) was found in Vermicompost+ perlite. Similarly, in Capsicum (40DAS), the highest number of seedling (83.5) were found for the growing media Cocopeat only, followed by Vermicompost + Perlite (78) and the tallest seedling height (13.89 cm) was found in Vermicompost+Vermiculite grown seedlings. The good root plug formation was found for the use of cocopeat. Therefore, use of vermicompost or FYM in the mixed form with cocopeat or the soil as a growing media would be sustainable technology for commercial seedling production of vegetables.
{"title":"Evaluation of Different Growing Media for Tomato and Sweet Pepper Seedlings Raising in Pokhara, Nepal","authors":"S. Lohani, Saroj Adhikari, L. Aryal, Y. Bhusal, Manahar Kadariya, Sunil Aryal","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58176","url":null,"abstract":"Nine different compositions of growing media were evaluated for growing tomato and capsicum in two consecutive years (2020 and 2021). Experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) under rain shelter (poly house) with three replications. The growing media were Cocopeat, FYM+Cocopit+Perlite, FYM+ Cocopit+Vermiculite, FYM+Perlite, FYM+Soil, FYM+Vermiculite, Vermicompost+Perlite, Vermicompost +Soil and Vermicompost+Vermiculite. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in the observed parameters like number of seedlings emergence, number of seedling establishment, number of leaves, seedling height and diameter of seedling stem among the tested growing media. The highest seedling emergence of tomato and sweet pepper were recorded in cocopeat as a growing media. After 30 days after seed sowing (DAS) in tomato, the highest number of seedling (103.5) were found in Cocopeat and the tallest seedling height (19.92 cm) was found in Vermicompost+ perlite. Similarly, in Capsicum (40DAS), the highest number of seedling (83.5) were found for the growing media Cocopeat only, followed by Vermicompost + Perlite (78) and the tallest seedling height (13.89 cm) was found in Vermicompost+Vermiculite grown seedlings. The good root plug formation was found for the use of cocopeat. Therefore, use of vermicompost or FYM in the mixed form with cocopeat or the soil as a growing media would be sustainable technology for commercial seedling production of vegetables.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77138539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58193
Keshav Thapa Magar
Remote sensing, based on satellite data, is useful in studying rice crops for their several parameters such as cropped area, crop-coverage, growth stages, production, yield estimation and other statistics useful in scientific investigations. Despite some satellite-remote-sensing based researches have been reported in the country, such appliance in agricultural studies is very sparse in Nepal. In the current situation, Nepal could benefit from remote sensing technology for betterment of its agricultural planning and development specifically in the rice sub-sector for its national economic and food security importance. This review article is an attempt to highlight the importance of rice remote sensing in Nepal and list research articles in the field as bookmarks to benefit future rice researchers and interested readership.
{"title":"Satellite Remote Sensing of Rice Crops in Nepal : A Review","authors":"Keshav Thapa Magar","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58193","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing, based on satellite data, is useful in studying rice crops for their several parameters such as cropped area, crop-coverage, growth stages, production, yield estimation and other statistics useful in scientific investigations. Despite some satellite-remote-sensing based researches have been reported in the country, such appliance in agricultural studies is very sparse in Nepal. In the current situation, Nepal could benefit from remote sensing technology for betterment of its agricultural planning and development specifically in the rice sub-sector for its national economic and food security importance. This review article is an attempt to highlight the importance of rice remote sensing in Nepal and list research articles in the field as bookmarks to benefit future rice researchers and interested readership.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83649893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58187
G. Pandey, Shreejana Pokharel, Samsher Basnet, Anish Basnet, A. Mainali, Sadikshya Rijal, Asmita Shrestha, Bignya Chandra Khanal
This study aimed to identify and characterize the coffee varieties cultivated in Nepal using molecular phylogenetic analysis. The molecular identification and genetic relationship of twenty five coffee varieties were collected from the Nepal Coffee Development Center, Gulmi, Nepal. DNA was isolated from leaf tissue, and Internal Transcribed Spacers Region (ITS)-specific PCR was performed, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction. BLASTN was performed to identify the similarities with the sequences of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Database. Evolutionary divergence between the sequences was computed using Maximum Composite Likelihood Model. Sequences were analyzed using Maximum Likelihood Model and Tamura-Nei model to construct molecular phylogeny. BLASTN and molecular phylogeny confirm all the samples to be Coffea arabica. Evolutionary divergence in pairwise comparison was found to be 0% to 4.3%. Divergence of 4.3% was detected between CDC-S21 and CDC-S73. With this, we identified the coffee samples to be C. arabica and we also computed relatedness among our varieties.
{"title":"Molecular Identification of Coffea Arabica Varieties in Nepal: Insights from Phylogenetic Analysis","authors":"G. Pandey, Shreejana Pokharel, Samsher Basnet, Anish Basnet, A. Mainali, Sadikshya Rijal, Asmita Shrestha, Bignya Chandra Khanal","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58187","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify and characterize the coffee varieties cultivated in Nepal using molecular phylogenetic analysis. The molecular identification and genetic relationship of twenty five coffee varieties were collected from the Nepal Coffee Development Center, Gulmi, Nepal. DNA was isolated from leaf tissue, and Internal Transcribed Spacers Region (ITS)-specific PCR was performed, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction. BLASTN was performed to identify the similarities with the sequences of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Database. Evolutionary divergence between the sequences was computed using Maximum Composite Likelihood Model. Sequences were analyzed using Maximum Likelihood Model and Tamura-Nei model to construct molecular phylogeny. BLASTN and molecular phylogeny confirm all the samples to be Coffea arabica. Evolutionary divergence in pairwise comparison was found to be 0% to 4.3%. Divergence of 4.3% was detected between CDC-S21 and CDC-S73. With this, we identified the coffee samples to be C. arabica and we also computed relatedness among our varieties.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81526702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58190
K. Rayamajhi, Bishwas Malla Thakuri
With the recent issue of Geographical Indication (GI) tag claim by India on Basmati rice, Nepalese rice sector got an urgent call to conserve and promote fine and aromatic rice landraces. Fine, medium, coarse landraces were further classified into aromatic and non-aromatic. Some of the aromatic landraces popularized by their local dialect names as Basmati anadi, Basmati anpjhutte, Choti basmati, etc. were cultivated in diverse environment by local farmers but utilization in national rice improvement program is insufficient. Just handful of landraces were used as parental lines to develop improved varieties viz. Jarneli in Khumal-2, Pokhreli masino in Khumal 4, Khumal -5 and Palung 2, pureline of Jethobudho as Pokhreli jethobudho, pureline of Lalkabasmati as Lalkabasmati. With the prevailing trend of fast-track registration of the exotic improved lines, our grassroots level efforts to study the genetic makeup and unique attributes of our landraces are overshadowed. However, Jarneli, Kalo marshi, Kalo nuniya, Mansara, etc. were found to be popular for traits nutritious, medicinal, abiotic stress tolerance and resilience to low fertility soil. Furthermore, the modern tools of molecular characterization are yet to be utilized prominently to identify such valuable genes and understand their phylogenetic diversity rewarding for future rice breeding program.
{"title":"Nepalese Fine and Aromatic Rice Landraces: A Review","authors":"K. Rayamajhi, Bishwas Malla Thakuri","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58190","url":null,"abstract":"With the recent issue of Geographical Indication (GI) tag claim by India on Basmati rice, Nepalese rice sector got an urgent call to conserve and promote fine and aromatic rice landraces. Fine, medium, coarse landraces were further classified into aromatic and non-aromatic. Some of the aromatic landraces popularized by their local dialect names as Basmati anadi, Basmati anpjhutte, Choti basmati, etc. were cultivated in diverse environment by local farmers but utilization in national rice improvement program is insufficient. Just handful of landraces were used as parental lines to develop improved varieties viz. Jarneli in Khumal-2, Pokhreli masino in Khumal 4, Khumal -5 and Palung 2, pureline of Jethobudho as Pokhreli jethobudho, pureline of Lalkabasmati as Lalkabasmati. With the prevailing trend of fast-track registration of the exotic improved lines, our grassroots level efforts to study the genetic makeup and unique attributes of our landraces are overshadowed. However, Jarneli, Kalo marshi, Kalo nuniya, Mansara, etc. were found to be popular for traits nutritious, medicinal, abiotic stress tolerance and resilience to low fertility soil. Furthermore, the modern tools of molecular characterization are yet to be utilized prominently to identify such valuable genes and understand their phylogenetic diversity rewarding for future rice breeding program.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81070327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58188
B. Luitel, Asmita Khanal
Pomegranate is an emerging potential fruit crop of Nepal and it can be cultivated successfully from tropical to warm temperate climatic condition of terai to mid- hills. This research was conducted to study the morphological traits and identify the superior pomegranate genotypes at Horticulture Research Station (HRS), Dailekh in 2019. Three pomegranate genotypes (HRDPOM001, HRDPOM004 and HRDPOM004M) were studied for their growth, flowers and pomological characters. Variation in plants, flower and pomological characters was observed in pomegranate genotypes. The highest marketable fruit weight (1.4 kg/plant) produced in HRDPOM001, followed by HRDPOM004 (1.2 kg/plant). The highest aril weight (60.5%) was measured in HRDPOM004. Highest TSS (12.8°Brix) and good taste preferences were recorded in the fruits of HRDPOM004. Pomological attributes for HRDPOM004 was found better than other studied genotypes. Individual fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit diameter showed the significant positive association with total fruit weight, and selection of these traits could improve the fruit yield. Based on the major pomological attributes, HRDPOM004 was found promising and selected to cultivate at the similar agro-climatic regions of Nepal.
{"title":"Morphological Characterization of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Genotypes at Dailekh","authors":"B. Luitel, Asmita Khanal","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58188","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate is an emerging potential fruit crop of Nepal and it can be cultivated successfully from tropical to warm temperate climatic condition of terai to mid- hills. This research was conducted to study the morphological traits and identify the superior pomegranate genotypes at Horticulture Research Station (HRS), Dailekh in 2019. Three pomegranate genotypes (HRDPOM001, HRDPOM004 and HRDPOM004M) were studied for their growth, flowers and pomological characters. Variation in plants, flower and pomological characters was observed in pomegranate genotypes. The highest marketable fruit weight (1.4 kg/plant) produced in HRDPOM001, followed by HRDPOM004 (1.2 kg/plant). The highest aril weight (60.5%) was measured in HRDPOM004. Highest TSS (12.8°Brix) and good taste preferences were recorded in the fruits of HRDPOM004. Pomological attributes for HRDPOM004 was found better than other studied genotypes. Individual fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit diameter showed the significant positive association with total fruit weight, and selection of these traits could improve the fruit yield. Based on the major pomological attributes, HRDPOM004 was found promising and selected to cultivate at the similar agro-climatic regions of Nepal.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79109142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of hot water and chemicals on the quality and shelf life of Amrapali variety of mango at Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Physiologically matured mango fruits (200±20 g) were treated with distilled water for 10 minutes, hot water @ 50°C for 10 minutes, hot water @ 55°C for 10 minutes, carbendazim solution @ 0.1% for 10 minutes and Sodium hypochlorite solution @ 100 ppm for 2 minutes. The untreated fruits were considered as control treatment. The highest total soluble solid (18.15°Brix), the lowest physiological loss in weight (24.20%) and the lowest spoilage loss (42.05%) were observed in fruits treated with hot water at 55°C. Therefore, the post-harvest treatment of mango fruits with hot water at 55°C for 10 minutes was found to be effective for maintaining the quality and shelf life of mango.
{"title":"Efficacy of Chemicals and Hot Water Treatments on Quality and Shelf Life of Amrapali Variety of Mango","authors":"Shakar Shasi Pandey, Nirajan Bhandari, Madhav Dhital, A. Shrestha, Bishal Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/aej.v24i01.58163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v24i01.58163","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of hot water and chemicals on the quality and shelf life of Amrapali variety of mango at Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Physiologically matured mango fruits (200±20 g) were treated with distilled water for 10 minutes, hot water @ 50°C for 10 minutes, hot water @ 55°C for 10 minutes, carbendazim solution @ 0.1% for 10 minutes and Sodium hypochlorite solution @ 100 ppm for 2 minutes. The untreated fruits were considered as control treatment. The highest total soluble solid (18.15°Brix), the lowest physiological loss in weight (24.20%) and the lowest spoilage loss (42.05%) were observed in fruits treated with hot water at 55°C. Therefore, the post-harvest treatment of mango fruits with hot water at 55°C for 10 minutes was found to be effective for maintaining the quality and shelf life of mango.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75795833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/aej.v24i01.58129
Indra Hari Paudel
Coffee being one of the emerging crops with high potential to export to earn foreign currency, has been given due importance by the Government of Nepal. Among different agricultural goods produced in and exported from Nepal, the competitiveness of coffee has quickly increased in recent years, thus contributing to the improvement of rural livelihoods. This study was based on review of literature and analysis of secondary data/information. Statistical tools such as correlation analysis was also used to analyze data. According to the official records coffee production area has expanded from around 135.7 ha in fiscal year 1994/95 to 3052 ha in 2020/21 and the production has increased from 12.95 Mt. of dry cherry to 315 Mt. of green beans during the same period. Nepal’s coffee subsector is characterized by low productivity, low production and poor quality. Inter alia, it was mainly due to incidence of insect pests, production done by smallholder farmers in a widely scattered area creating problems in quality control and collection leading to higher cost. The good price, high demand and overwhelmingly organic system of production are the encouraging factors but the formidable challenge remains on fighting with white stem borer and providing incentives for small holder farmers throughout the relatively long gestation period of coffee crop. Apart from low production level, organic certification and quarantine requirements pose serious challenges to export. Coffee produced in Nepal is Organic & Fair-trade and is readily accepted as a Specialty Coffee in specific international markets.
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