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EXTENDING THE SHELF LIFE OF A POTATO SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT WITH THE HELP OF NATURAL PRESERVATIVES 利用天然防腐剂延长马铃薯半成品的保质期
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-15 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2021.1.17.5
Maria Fomicheva, V. Bychenkova, E. Klisheva, E. Safonova
Perishable food is food which shelf life’s duration is not more than 5 days. Therefore, extending the shelf life of perishable products is necessary. This action is needed, for example, for the transportation of products over long distances and their further sale. Food spoilage can be caused by microorganisms, enzymes or improper storage. Lower temperatures and preservatives are often used to increase the shelf life, and the preservatives can be chemically synthesized or natural. The aim of the article is to find ways to extend the shelf life of semi-finished potatoes using natural preservatives. Moreover, it is aimed at finding ways using natural preservatives. The research is carried out on the potato salad example. The graphs and tables show the results of the experiments. The results showed that 6% vinegar is the most suitable for extending the shelf life of semi-finished potatoes.
易腐食品是指保质期不超过5天的食品。因此,延长易腐产品的保质期是必要的。例如,对于产品的长途运输和进一步销售,这一行动是必要的。食物变质可能是由微生物、酶或储存不当引起的。通常使用较低的温度和防腐剂来延长保质期,防腐剂可以是化学合成的或天然的。本文的目的是寻找使用天然防腐剂延长半成品土豆保质期的方法。此外,它的目的是寻找使用天然防腐剂的方法。以马铃薯沙拉为例进行了研究。图表显示了实验的结果。结果表明,6%的醋最适合延长马铃薯半成品的保质期。
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引用次数: 0
GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CONE SCALES FOR PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENTIATION OF LARIX SPECIES (PINACEAE) 落叶松(松科)物种表型分化的锥鳞几何形态计量学分析
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.1
V. Vetrova, A. Barchenkov, N. V. Sinelnikova
Methods of geometric morphometrics were used to analyze differentiation of three larch species – Larix gmelinii, L. cajanderi, and L. sibirica, which are the most common larch species in North Asia, by the shape of the cone scales. The samples of seed-bearing scales of mature cones were collected from 185 trees in 8 populations, which represented the different regions of the Larix species areas. Ten outline points on one side of the cone scales were chosen to characterize their shape. Patterns of shape variation were depicted using Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA). PCA results of partial warps (PW) revealed the shape differences of cone scales among the three species of Larix. The CVA of relative warps (PCA scores) showed that the Larix species were all successfully discriminated, and populations within the species were considerably differentiated. Geometric morphometrics can be used as an effective tool to analyze inter- and intra-specific differentiation of Larix species based on the shape of cone scales.
采用几何形态计量学方法,对北亚地区最常见的落叶松(落叶松)、落叶松(落叶松)和西伯利亚落叶松(落叶松)的锥体鳞片形态进行了分析。本文采集了落叶松8个种群185株成熟球果的结籽鳞片,代表了落叶松种域的不同区域。选择锥体尺度一侧的十个轮廓点来表征它们的形状。形状变化的模式被描述使用广义Procrustes分析(GPA)。部分翘曲(PW)的主成分分析结果揭示了三种落叶松球果鳞片的形状差异。相对变异度的CVA (PCA得分)表明落叶松种间均被成功区分,种内居群分化明显。几何形态计量学可以作为分析落叶松种间和种内分化的有效工具。
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引用次数: 0
THE SORPTION CAPACITY OF NATURAL SOILS IN RESPECT OF COPPER IONS (II) FROM SOLUTIONS CuSO4·5H2O 天然土壤对铜离子(II)的吸附能力
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.7
A. V. Lebedev
The paper describes a new technique for processing experimental data on sorption capacity (E) of variously composed natural soils in relation to heavy metals in aqueous solutions. The calculation scheme is based on an inhomogeneous system of equations, compiled from the data on mineral composition of soils and the E values. Such a system of equations was compiled for the experimental data on the sorption characteristics of natural soils (as suspensions) with respect to Cu2+ ions (of up to 1000 mg/l) from CuSO4·5H2O solutions. The highest sorption characteristics with respect to Cu2+ ions from solutions of CuSO4·5H2O were associated with uneven-grained aggregates of calcite and chlorite followed by quartz and montmorillonite; dolomite and hydromica had the lowest sorption characteristics.
本文介绍了一种处理不同组成的天然土壤对重金属吸附量(E)实验数据的新技术。计算方案基于非齐次方程组,由土壤矿物成分和E值数据编制而成。根据天然土壤(作为悬浮液)对CuSO4·5H2O溶液中Cu2+离子(高达1000 mg/l)的吸附特性的实验数据,编制了这样一个方程组。在CuSO4·5H2O溶液中,对Cu2+离子的吸附性能最高的是方解石和绿泥石,其次是石英和蒙脱石;白云岩和水云母的吸附特性最低。
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引用次数: 0
GATHERING OF POLOVA AT KOMBAYNOVY CLEANING OF SOY, FOR CREATION OF THE FOOD SUPPLY OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 在kombaynovy收集polova,清洗大豆,为畜牧生产提供食物
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.6
I. Prisyazhnaya
Questions of production of soy in the Amur oblastiya of a ratio to polova exit soy grain as resource of providing livestock production with sterns are considered. The chemical composition and nutritiousness of a soy polova are given. Predlozhen polovosbornik with the trough-shaped screw for branch, crushing and scattering of straw on both sides on the combine course for sidewalls and installation behind a reshetny camp of an additional kopnitel for collecting a polova with automatic unloading in the field. The multiple-factor experiment on justification of optimum volume of a kopnitel of collecting a soy polova when cleaning soy is made.
探讨了黑龙江地区大豆生产中大豆籽粒与大豆籽粒的比例问题,以期为畜牧业生产提供饲料资源。介绍了大豆蛋白的化学成分和营养成分。用槽形螺丝预压polovosbornik用于分支,在联合过程的侧壁上粉碎和分散两侧的稻草,并在一个新的营地后面安装一个额外的kopnitel,用于收集polovosbornik,并在田间自动卸载。进行了多因素试验,确定了清洗大豆时收集大豆渣的最佳体积。
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引用次数: 0
The USE OF INDICATORS OF PLANT PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND ENZYMATICE ACTIVITY IN BIOINDICATION STUDIES 植物光合和酶活性指标在生物指示研究中的应用
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.3
Svetlana Yevgenyuevna Sinyutina, A. G. Shubina
In the context of increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment, the study of the mechanisms of plant adaptation is an actual problem. To diagnose ecological troubles, it is advisable to study the indicators characterizing metabolic processes in autotrophic plants. The change in the parameters of the photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant system in silver birch (Betula pendula), European spruce (Picea abies) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.), depending on the intensity of anthropogenic load, was studied. The pigment composition of plants and the activity of antioxidant enzymes can be used as markers of the anthropogenic pollution level of a territory.
在人类活动对环境影响日益增加的背景下,植物适应机制的研究是一个现实问题。对自养植物代谢过程的表征指标进行研究是诊断生态问题的有效途径。研究了白桦(Betula pendula)、欧洲云杉(Picea abies)和蒲公英(Taraxacum officinale L.)光合器官和抗氧化系统参数随人为负荷强度的变化。植物色素组成和抗氧化酶活性可作为该区人为污染水平的标志。
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引用次数: 0
Correction оf Properties оf Modern Diesel Fuels Using Additives 校正:使用添加剂的现代柴油燃料
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.2
Svetlana Yevgenyuevna Sinyutina, S. Nagornov, A. Kornev, A. P. Liksutina, S. Romantsova
Creation of high quality diesel fuels for internal combustion engines that meet stringent operational and environmental requirements is currently an urgent task. The most rational way to improve the performance characteristics of diesel fuel, its environmental properties, as well as to reduce losses during its storage, is to use polyfunctional additives. Requirements for the structure of polyfunctional additives are formulated. It is shown that their stabilizing and protective effects are the higher, the greater the value of the dipole moment and total electron density on heteroatoms. Amides and esters of higher aliphatic acids, synthesized from renewable diesel raw materials, as well as molecules of azo compounds including aromatic fragments and electron-donating functional groups, are promising multifunctional additives to diesel fuel.
为内燃机创造符合严格操作和环境要求的高质量柴油燃料是当前的紧迫任务。改善柴油的性能特征、环境特性以及减少储存过程中的损失,最合理的方法是使用多功能添加剂。对多功能添加剂的结构提出了要求。结果表明,杂原子上的偶极矩和总电子密度越大,它们的稳定和保护作用越强。以可再生柴油为原料合成的高级脂肪酸酰胺和酯,以及偶氮化合物分子,包括芳香族片段和供电子官能团,是很有前途的多功能柴油添加剂。
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引用次数: 0
AGRICULTURE IN CRIMEA DURING WATER SHORTAGE 克里米亚缺水时期的农业
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.4.16.4
Valentina A. Vasilenko
The article deals with the aspects of agricultural development in the Republic of Crimea during water shortage. The article analyzes the progress of amelioration activities within the framework of the "State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food of the Republic of Crimea". The study demonstrates the methods of adaptation of the base branch of the agro-industrial complex to new realities, which include both the agronomic techniques and the measures to improve the rational use of water resources for irrigation of agricultural land. The study examines not only the current changes in crop production, animal husbandry and processing industry, but also in foreign markets. The research contains an analysis of the environmental consequences of intensive use of groundwater for irrigated agriculture.
本文论述了缺水时期克里米亚共和国农业发展的几个方面。本文分析了在“克里米亚共和国农业发展和农产品、原材料和食品市场调控国家计划”框架内改善活动的进展情况。研究展示了农工综合体基础分支适应新现实的方法,包括农艺技术和提高农田灌溉水资源合理利用的措施。该研究不仅考察了当前作物生产、畜牧业和加工业的变化,还考察了国外市场的变化。这项研究包括对灌溉农业大量使用地下水的环境后果的分析。
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引用次数: 0
MECHANISM OF DUST PARTICLES SETTLEMENT AND COAGULATION BY ELECTRIC PRECIPITATORS AT GRAIN PROCESSING ENTERPRISES 粮食加工企业电除尘器粉尘沉降混凝机理研究
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.3.15.1
N. Cherkasova
The article presents the results of modeling the process of dust deposition and determining the most efficient parameters of electric precipitators for air purification of the workplaces of operators of technological lines of flour mills and grain processing enterprises. It also provides a mechanism for dust coagulation during the operation of electrostatic precipitators. The study is relevant because the air working zone and the air of milling and grain processing enterprises, in particular, contains suspended aerosol with volatile fractions of organic substances. It has a negative effect on both the health of workers and the efficiency of production equipment. The efficiency of the proposed model of dust deposition from the air of the working zone is based on the use of electric charges on dispersed particles, which in turn makes the aerosol sensitive to the external electric fields.
本文介绍了对面粉厂和粮食加工企业工艺线操作人员工作场所的粉尘沉降过程进行建模,并确定了电除尘器净化空气的最有效参数的结果。它还为静电除尘器运行过程中粉尘的凝聚提供了一种机制。这项研究是相关的,因为空气工作区,特别是磨粉和粮食加工企业的空气中含有有机物质挥发组分的悬浮气溶胶。它对工人的健康和生产设备的效率都有负面影响。所提出的工作区空气粉尘沉积模型的效率是基于分散颗粒上的电荷的使用,这反过来又使气溶胶对外部电场敏感。
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引用次数: 0
MODERN FEATURES OF CHANGES IN THE WATER REGIME OF CHERNOZEMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FOREST BELTS 林带影响下黑钙土水分状况变化的现代特征
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.3.15.6
V. Bespalov
The research was conducted in the conditions of the South-East of the of the Central-Chernozem zone (Kamennaya Steppe) in 2018-2020 biennium. Features of formation of reserves of productive moisture in agroforestry complex are shown. Data for studying changes in soil moisture profile are presented. The first decade of the current century was characterized by a widespread rise in the ground water level (GWL) to 1.2-2 m and the formation of seasonally waterlogged soils. In the dry conditions of 2010, the most critical conditions developed. The entire 200-cm layer of soil in the summer was characterized by a complete lack of available moisture. In the following years, up to 2020, at all research sites, the GWL fluctuates in the range of 3-4 m.
该研究于2018-2020两年期在中chernozem地区(kamenaya草原)东南部的条件下进行。揭示了复合农林业生产水分储量的形成特征。提出了研究土壤水分剖面变化的资料。本世纪头十年的特点是地下水位(GWL)普遍上升至1.2-2 m,并形成了季节性涝渍土。在2010年的干旱条件下,最关键的条件出现了。整个200厘米的土层在夏季的特点是完全缺乏水分。在接下来的几年中,直到2020年,在所有研究站点,GWL在3-4 m范围内波动。
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引用次数: 0
THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF MENTHA PIPERITA L. (LAMIACEAE LINDL.), GROWN IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF SOUTHERN URALS 生长在乌拉尔南部森林草原地带的薄荷的元素组成
IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.23649/JAE.2020.3.15.4
N. N. Minina
The article analyzes the raw materials of the terrestrial part of a perennial spicy-aromatic plant of the family (Lamiaceae Lindl.) Mentha piperita L., introduced into the forest-steppe zone of the South Urals, for the content of 37 chemical elements. The studied species proved to be a concentrator of chemical elements. Mentha piperita L., is an accumulator: in the terrestrial part of this plant, the concentration of three elements (zinc, molybdenum, silver) was higher than in the soil. The content of most of the studied elements in the terrestrial part of the plant does not go beyond the limits of fluctuations of chemical elements in plants growing in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Our data on the content of chemical elements in the object of study allow us to offer peppermint to reduce or eliminate the imbalance of zinc and molybdenum elements in the body.
本文对一种多年生香辣科植物(Lamiaceae Lindl)的陆地部分原料进行了分析。引进南乌拉尔森林草原地区的薄荷,测定其37种化学元素的含量。被研究的物种被证明是化学元素的浓缩物。薄荷(Mentha piperita L.)是一种蓄能器,其陆生部分锌、钼、银三种元素的浓度高于土壤。该植物陆生部分所研究的大多数元素的含量不超过生长在巴什科尔托斯坦共和国的植物中化学元素波动的限度。我们对研究对象的化学元素含量的数据使我们能够提供薄荷来减少或消除体内锌和钼元素的不平衡。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development
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