This paper presents an experimental approach to evaluate the ability of a six-axis industrial robot to drill aluminum alloy parts. A strategy based on statistical tests has been studied to quantify and predict the relative contribution of cutting parameters on cutting force and shape errors during drilling. This technique is based on the identification of relevant sources of error during high-speed robotic fitting. The machining quality was quantified in terms of dimensional and geometric tolerance, chip formation and evacuation, burr formation, edge build-up, tool wear and surface damage. Statistical analysis of the experimental results reveals a strong dependence between part accuracy and drilling force. An experimental model was developed to represent and predict the cutting force during drilling and an accurate error prediction capability was distinguished. It was found that at high cutting speed and feed rate, the cutting force was the main source of error affecting the accuracy of the machined parts. Verification experiments are performed, and the results reveal that dimensional defects are significantly reduced by a heat treatment effect (90 HRE) and the thrust force decreases with an increase in cutting speed. The recommended cutting speed for robotic drilling is 6000 rpm with a feed rate of 0.15 mm/min. This study provides important technical guidance for improving the robotic drilling of aluminum alloy in practice.
{"title":"Robotic Drilling of Aluminum Alloy","authors":"Fouad Messaoudi, A. Djebara, Mohamed Djennane","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22757","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an experimental approach to evaluate the ability of a six-axis industrial robot to drill aluminum alloy parts. A strategy based on statistical tests has been studied to quantify and predict the relative contribution of cutting parameters on cutting force and shape errors during drilling. This technique is based on the identification of relevant sources of error during high-speed robotic fitting. The machining quality was quantified in terms of dimensional and geometric tolerance, chip formation and evacuation, burr formation, edge build-up, tool wear and surface damage. Statistical analysis of the experimental results reveals a strong dependence between part accuracy and drilling force. An experimental model was developed to represent and predict the cutting force during drilling and an accurate error prediction capability was distinguished. It was found that at high cutting speed and feed rate, the cutting force was the main source of error affecting the accuracy of the machined parts. Verification experiments are performed, and the results reveal that dimensional defects are significantly reduced by a heat treatment effect (90 HRE) and the thrust force decreases with an increase in cutting speed. The recommended cutting speed for robotic drilling is 6000 rpm with a feed rate of 0.15 mm/min. This study provides important technical guidance for improving the robotic drilling of aluminum alloy in practice.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78424103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Churning power losses are a complex phenomenon that produces critical power losses when considering the splash lubrication of gear units. This article describes the method to investigate the churning power loss in a worm gearbox. A particular test rig was designed and fabricated to experiment on single start worm gear incompletely submerged in an oil bath. The direct torque measurement technique was used to determine the churning power losses. Experiments have been conducted to determine the impact of a variety of operating conditions on churning power losses, including worm speeds, gear immersion depth, lubricant temperatures, and lubricant type (mineral and synthetic). It was found that the churning losses were significantly affected by the worm shaft orientation, speed of gear, and the depth of immersion (static head). The lubricant's temperature is more essential than the type of lubricant in terms of churning power loss.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Churning Power Loss of Splash Lubricated Worm Gear","authors":"H. Chothani, K. Maniya","doi":"10.3311/ppme.19965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.19965","url":null,"abstract":"Churning power losses are a complex phenomenon that produces critical power losses when considering the splash lubrication of gear units. This article describes the method to investigate the churning power loss in a worm gearbox. A particular test rig was designed and fabricated to experiment on single start worm gear incompletely submerged in an oil bath. The direct torque measurement technique was used to determine the churning power losses. Experiments have been conducted to determine the impact of a variety of operating conditions on churning power losses, including worm speeds, gear immersion depth, lubricant temperatures, and lubricant type (mineral and synthetic). It was found that the churning losses were significantly affected by the worm shaft orientation, speed of gear, and the depth of immersion (static head). The lubricant's temperature is more essential than the type of lubricant in terms of churning power loss.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86124821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this scientific study, the authors have dealt with the slot milling of nickel-based superalloys. These alloys are among the most difficult materials to machine and are widely used in aerospace and energy industries. Due to the properties of the material, slot milling is a particular problem because tool wear happens quickly, and tool breakages are common. When these superalloys are machined, very high temperatures occur in the cutting zone, which cannot leave due to the extremely poor thermal conductivity of the material and will therefore transfer to the edges of the cutting tool, causing it to anneal, break off and fail. So, the researchers initiated a new field of research: cryogenically-assisted machining. In this paper, the authors used two cooling methods, the conventional flood cooling and cryogenic cooling with liquid carbon-dioxide (LCO2). The effects of these cooling methods were tested focusing on the cutting forces, tool wear, chip morphology and surface roughness of the bottom of the slots. The aim was to determine the best cooling methods for these materials. Based on the results, it can be concluded that, LCO2 has a negative effect on cutting forces, tool life and surface roughness. It only has a positive effect on chip formation. It can be see that, the lubricating effect has a greater impact on tool life, tool load and surface roughness of the milled slots than cooling.
{"title":"The Comparison of Effects of Liquid Carbon Dioxide and Conventional Flood Cooling on the Machining Conditions During Milling of Nickel-based Superalloys","authors":"G. Kónya, Z. Kovács","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22265","url":null,"abstract":"In this scientific study, the authors have dealt with the slot milling of nickel-based superalloys. These alloys are among the most difficult materials to machine and are widely used in aerospace and energy industries. Due to the properties of the material, slot milling is a particular problem because tool wear happens quickly, and tool breakages are common. When these superalloys are machined, very high temperatures occur in the cutting zone, which cannot leave due to the extremely poor thermal conductivity of the material and will therefore transfer to the edges of the cutting tool, causing it to anneal, break off and fail. So, the researchers initiated a new field of research: cryogenically-assisted machining. In this paper, the authors used two cooling methods, the conventional flood cooling and cryogenic cooling with liquid carbon-dioxide (LCO2). The effects of these cooling methods were tested focusing on the cutting forces, tool wear, chip morphology and surface roughness of the bottom of the slots. The aim was to determine the best cooling methods for these materials. Based on the results, it can be concluded that, LCO2 has a negative effect on cutting forces, tool life and surface roughness. It only has a positive effect on chip formation. It can be see that, the lubricating effect has a greater impact on tool life, tool load and surface roughness of the milled slots than cooling.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84691717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Friction stir welding (FSW) is an advanced joining technology specifically developed for welding materials that are difficult to weld (e.g. polymers). Over the last two decades, more and more research has been published on the applicability and development of the technique on polymeric materials. The aim of the present study is to investigate the applicability of the method for welding polymeric materials and to analyse the effect of the parameters of FSW. In the tests, 4 mm thick polypropylene sheets were welded by varying two welding parameters (tool speed (n) and feed rate (vf)) in four levels. Thus, a complete experimental design with 16 measurement points was created. During the welding process, the force components on the tool/workpiece were measured, from which the resultant welding force was calculated and the strength of the joints was characterized by tensile testing. The ratio of the tensile strength of the joints and the tensile strength of the material were used to characterise the process in terms of joint efficiency. During welding, the axial force component (Fz) was the dominant force value. The resultant forces (Fe) decreased with increasing n, while they increased with increasing vf. The tensile strength of the joint, and hence the bonding efficiency, improved with increasing n, while it deteriorated with increasing vf. The ratio derived from the ratio of n to vf was also analysed, with an increase in the ratio showing a decreasing trend in the resulting weld strength and an improving trend in the bonding efficiency.
{"title":"Investigation of Weld Forces and Strength of Friction Stir Welded Polypropylene","authors":"Gábor Róbert Stadler, G. Szebényi, R. Horváth","doi":"10.3311/ppme.21899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.21899","url":null,"abstract":"Friction stir welding (FSW) is an advanced joining technology specifically developed for welding materials that are difficult to weld (e.g. polymers). Over the last two decades, more and more research has been published on the applicability and development of the technique on polymeric materials. The aim of the present study is to investigate the applicability of the method for welding polymeric materials and to analyse the effect of the parameters of FSW. In the tests, 4 mm thick polypropylene sheets were welded by varying two welding parameters (tool speed (n) and feed rate (vf)) in four levels. Thus, a complete experimental design with 16 measurement points was created. During the welding process, the force components on the tool/workpiece were measured, from which the resultant welding force was calculated and the strength of the joints was characterized by tensile testing. The ratio of the tensile strength of the joints and the tensile strength of the material were used to characterise the process in terms of joint efficiency. During welding, the axial force component (Fz) was the dominant force value. The resultant forces (Fe) decreased with increasing n, while they increased with increasing vf. The tensile strength of the joint, and hence the bonding efficiency, improved with increasing n, while it deteriorated with increasing vf. The ratio derived from the ratio of n to vf was also analysed, with an increase in the ratio showing a decreasing trend in the resulting weld strength and an improving trend in the bonding efficiency.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78017317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crankshaft is the one of the most important components in internal combustion engines, it converts the translation motion of piston generated due to gas force into rotational moment of engine shaft though oscillatory motion of connecting rod. It mostly experiences the bending and torsional moment. The present research is focused on investigation of alternative material for crankshafts. Material EN19 is considered in this study and strength performance is verified under different operating conditions. Analytical design calculations, 3D modelling and analysis of EN19 crankshaft is carried out under maximum bending moment and maximum torque. 3D modeling and analysis was done in Creo parametric software and Ansys respectively. The compressive stresses, Von-Mises stresses, shear stresses and deformation in crankshaft are found to be within the permissible limits. Result shows cost effective material EN19 can be used as one of the alternative materials for crankshaft as it satisfies the all-strength requirements.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of EN19 Centre Crankshaft","authors":"Akash Gaikwad, Umesh Chavan","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22724","url":null,"abstract":"Crankshaft is the one of the most important components in internal combustion engines, it converts the translation motion of piston generated due to gas force into rotational moment of engine shaft though oscillatory motion of connecting rod. It mostly experiences the bending and torsional moment. The present research is focused on investigation of alternative material for crankshafts. Material EN19 is considered in this study and strength performance is verified under different operating conditions. Analytical design calculations, 3D modelling and analysis of EN19 crankshaft is carried out under maximum bending moment and maximum torque. 3D modeling and analysis was done in Creo parametric software and Ansys respectively. The compressive stresses, Von-Mises stresses, shear stresses and deformation in crankshaft are found to be within the permissible limits. Result shows cost effective material EN19 can be used as one of the alternative materials for crankshaft as it satisfies the all-strength requirements.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72648871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Application of fuzzy control has been observed in various engineering fields due to its ability to handle uncertainties and non-linearities. In this study, the advantages of using fuzzy control in heat pump systems are being investigated. Specifically, the performance of a heat pump system with a conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is being compared to that of a heat pump system with a fuzzy logic controller. It has been demonstrated by the results that the fuzzy control-based heat pump system offers better performance in terms of energy efficiency, temperature control, and overall system stability. This study contributes to the understanding of the potential benefits of fuzzy control-based heat pump systems and provides a foundation for further research in this area.
{"title":"The Advantages of Fuzzy Control for Heat Pumps Systems","authors":"R. Sánta, J. Simon, L. Garbai","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22687","url":null,"abstract":"Application of fuzzy control has been observed in various engineering fields due to its ability to handle uncertainties and non-linearities. In this study, the advantages of using fuzzy control in heat pump systems are being investigated. Specifically, the performance of a heat pump system with a conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is being compared to that of a heat pump system with a fuzzy logic controller. It has been demonstrated by the results that the fuzzy control-based heat pump system offers better performance in terms of energy efficiency, temperature control, and overall system stability. This study contributes to the understanding of the potential benefits of fuzzy control-based heat pump systems and provides a foundation for further research in this area.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80929845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study the effect of heat treatment time was investigated in case of recrystallization of Al99.5 material samples. Two different type were manufactured based on the previously applied cold forming. 12% and 24% cold forming was applied to the samples before the heat treatment procedure, which was always at 570 °C and cooled in water. Six different heat treatment time were investigated, namely 5, 10, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes. After the recrystallization procedure the microstructure and the mechanical properties were determined. It was found that in the case of the 12% cold formed samples after 30-minute-long heat treatment there were still signs of the original microstructure, however it does not affect the mechanical properties. The yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength were independent of the heat treatment time; they were only dependent on the grain size which was expected. A strong dependency can be discovered between the elongation at break and the heat treatment time. A tangent hyperbolic function was fitted on the measured data, which showed that the asymptote was ~29% for both type of samples. This is a 25% increase compared to the 5-minute-long heat treatment time samples, and this value was reached after ~120 minutes. Another result was that the elongation at break dependency on the grain size is decreasing with increasing heat treatment time.
{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Heat Treatment Time in Case of Recrystallization of Al99.5","authors":"Dorottya Varga, A. Szlancsik","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22823","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the effect of heat treatment time was investigated in case of recrystallization of Al99.5 material samples. Two different type were manufactured based on the previously applied cold forming. 12% and 24% cold forming was applied to the samples before the heat treatment procedure, which was always at 570 °C and cooled in water. Six different heat treatment time were investigated, namely 5, 10, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes. After the recrystallization procedure the microstructure and the mechanical properties were determined. It was found that in the case of the 12% cold formed samples after 30-minute-long heat treatment there were still signs of the original microstructure, however it does not affect the mechanical properties. The yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength were independent of the heat treatment time; they were only dependent on the grain size which was expected. A strong dependency can be discovered between the elongation at break and the heat treatment time. A tangent hyperbolic function was fitted on the measured data, which showed that the asymptote was ~29% for both type of samples. This is a 25% increase compared to the 5-minute-long heat treatment time samples, and this value was reached after ~120 minutes. Another result was that the elongation at break dependency on the grain size is decreasing with increasing heat treatment time.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80415811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we present two methods for determining the top land of bevel gears. One of them that can be found in the professional literature is based on the Tredgold's virtual cylindrical gear model and, corresponding to this, deals with a limited accuracy. The alternative method developed by us is based on a mathematical modelling of the manufacturing process and involves in the computing of the top land dimensions theoretically perfect surface models.
{"title":"New Top Land Computing Method for Spiral Bevel Gears","authors":"M. Várkuli, G. Bognár, J. Szente","doi":"10.3311/ppme.22287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.22287","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present two methods for determining the top land of bevel gears. One of them that can be found in the professional literature is based on the Tredgold's virtual cylindrical gear model and, corresponding to this, deals with a limited accuracy. The alternative method developed by us is based on a mathematical modelling of the manufacturing process and involves in the computing of the top land dimensions theoretically perfect surface models.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76523474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In turning operations, the harmful small-amplitude but high-frequency chatter vibrations are identified in hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experimental environment by means of the application of a multi-dimensional bisection method. The dummy workpiece clamped to the real main spindle is excited by contactless electromagnetic actuators and the response of the workpiece is detected by laser-based sensors. According to the present and the stored previous positions of the rotating workpiece, the desired cutting force characteristic along with the surface regeneration effect can be emulated by means of a high-performance real target computer. While the conventional experimental results in the HIL environment identify the stability limits of the cutting operation accurately only in a high-resolution grid of the technological parameters, the embedded bisection method reduces significantly both the size of the required grid and the time duration of the measurement by path following the boundaries of the linear loss of stability. Based on this technique, the experimental stability boundary of the emulated turning process is presented in a wide range of spindle speeds.
{"title":"Multi-Dimensional Bisection Method in HIL Environment: Stability and Chatter Prediction in Turning","authors":"B. Béri, D. Bachrathy, G. Stépán","doi":"10.3311/ppme.19579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.19579","url":null,"abstract":"In turning operations, the harmful small-amplitude but high-frequency chatter vibrations are identified in hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experimental environment by means of the application of a multi-dimensional bisection method. The dummy workpiece clamped to the real main spindle is excited by contactless electromagnetic actuators and the response of the workpiece is detected by laser-based sensors. According to the present and the stored previous positions of the rotating workpiece, the desired cutting force characteristic along with the surface regeneration effect can be emulated by means of a high-performance real target computer. While the conventional experimental results in the HIL environment identify the stability limits of the cutting operation accurately only in a high-resolution grid of the technological parameters, the embedded bisection method reduces significantly both the size of the required grid and the time duration of the measurement by path following the boundaries of the linear loss of stability. Based on this technique, the experimental stability boundary of the emulated turning process is presented in a wide range of spindle speeds.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90458368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our studies we analyzed the wear and damages of 15 explanted total knee implants. For this purpose, we first reviewed the relevant literature, which showed that most of the available articles are rather medical and do not contain relevant information from an engineering point of view, and those that are relevant from an engineering point of view are rather outdated from today's point of view. Therefore, we have developed an optical damage analysis that can be used to filter out results that are relevant and comparable from an engineering point of view. Our damage analysis was based on an existing and well-established method, which is now outdated and therefore, its further development was highly justified. The developed optical damage analysis was then used to test our samples. We drew conclusions, and based on these conclusions, we suggested how to improve further the systems we investigated.
{"title":"Improving Optical Damage Analysis of Knee Implants from an Engineering Perspective","authors":"I. Nemes-Károly, G. Szebényi","doi":"10.3311/ppme.21734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppme.21734","url":null,"abstract":"In our studies we analyzed the wear and damages of 15 explanted total knee implants. For this purpose, we first reviewed the relevant literature, which showed that most of the available articles are rather medical and do not contain relevant information from an engineering point of view, and those that are relevant from an engineering point of view are rather outdated from today's point of view. Therefore, we have developed an optical damage analysis that can be used to filter out results that are relevant and comparable from an engineering point of view. Our damage analysis was based on an existing and well-established method, which is now outdated and therefore, its further development was highly justified. The developed optical damage analysis was then used to test our samples. We drew conclusions, and based on these conclusions, we suggested how to improve further the systems we investigated.","PeriodicalId":43630,"journal":{"name":"PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85261276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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