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Unua aliro al la uzo de interjekcioj en Esperanto
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2021.45.3
Fabio Fortes
Interjections are a class of words found across all natural languages. Their use relates to the expression of mental states or speech acts within the discursive context. Although they are relatively common in natural languages, they represent a class of words that are poorly integrated into the grammar, and therefore, are theoretically less predictable as linguistic elements for planned languages ​​such as Esperanto. In this article, I propose to analyze the use of some interjections in Esperanto. The aim is to understand how competent speakers of this language employ interjections. For this, in the first part I review the literature on the linguistic aspects of interjections, in comparison with the Esperanto grammatical tradition; then I analyze the data related to the use of these words by competent speakers, which I obtained through the application of a survey specially designed for this purpose, which is also described in this article.
感叹词是在所有自然语言中都能找到的一类词。它们的使用与话语语境中精神状态或言语行为的表达有关。尽管它们在自然语言中相对常见,但它们代表了一类与语法整合得很差的单词,因此,从理论上讲,作为计划语言(如世界语)的语言元素,它们是不可预测的。在这篇文章中,我打算分析一些感叹词在世界语中的使用。目的是了解流利的说这种语言的人是如何使用感叹词的。为此,在第一部分中,我回顾了有关感叹词语言学方面的文献,并与世界语的语法传统进行了比较;然后,我分析了与称职的说话者使用这些词有关的数据,这些数据是我通过应用专门为此目的设计的调查获得的,这也在本文中有所描述。
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引用次数: 0
Review of Koutny, Stria, Farris (eds) 2021: The intercultural role of Esperanto / Interkultura rolo de Esperanto / Międzykulturowa rola esperanta
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2021.45.6
K. Schubert
Review of Ilona Koutny, Ida Stria, Michael Farris (eds) 2021: The intercultural role of Esperanto / Interkultura rolo de Esperanto / Międzykulturowa rola esperanta. (Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 2.) Poznań: Rys, 254 pp. – https://wydawnictworys.com/the-intercultural-role-of-esperanto-interkultura-rolo-de-esperanto-miedzykulturowa-rola-esperanta-red-ilona-koutny-ida-stria-michael-farris.html
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引用次数: 0
Stereotypowe obrazy przedstawicieli chrześcijaństwa, islamu i buddyzmu z perspektywy użytkowników języka polskiego. Badanie psychosemantyczne
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2021.45.1
Anita Adamczewska
Niniejszy artykuł na celu ma zbadanie obecnych wśród użytkowników języka polskiego stereotypów chrześcijanina, muzułmanina oraz buddysty. Dane zostały zebrane przeprowadzając autorskie badanie psychosemantyczne wśród 60 studentów Wydziału Neofilologii Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Za pomocą techniki skojarzeń kierowanych i przy użyciu kwestionariusza ankietowego odtworzono stereotypowy wizerunek przedstawicieli trzech najbardziej rozpowszechnionych w Polsce religii. W pracy zawarto liczbową oraz semantyczną analizę wyników, porównano wyobrażenia na temat wyznawców chrześcijaństwa, islamu i buddyzmu, sprawdzono wpływ wyznania badanych na ich odpowiedzi oraz zaproponowano sposoby przeprowadzenia dalszych badań.
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引用次数: 0
Konferenzbericht: 31. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik e. V., Berlin, 12.–14.11.2021 会议的报告:31 .年会社会为Interlinguistik e . V ."柏林,12
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2021.45.7
C. Brosch
Konferenzbericht: 31. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik e. V., Berlin, 12.–14.11.2021.
会议的报告:31 .年会社会为Interlinguistik e . V ."柏林,12:
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引用次数: 0
Growing Networks – Modelling the Growth of Word Association Networks for Hungarian and English 增长的网络——匈牙利语和英语单词关联网络的增长建模
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2021.45.5
László Kovács, Kata Orosz, P. Pollner
In the new era of information and communication technology, the representation of information is of increasing importance. Knowing how words are connected to each other in the mind and what processes facilitate the creation of connections could result in better optimized applications, e.g. in computer aided education or in search engines. This paper models the growth process of a word association database with an algorithm. We present the network structure of word associations for an agglutinative language and compare it with the network of English word associations. Using the real-world data so obtained, we create a model that reproduces the main features of the observed growth process and show the evolution of the network. The model describes the growth of the word association data as a mixture of a topic based process and a random process. The model makes it possible to gain insight into the overall processes which are responsible for creating an interconnected mental lexicon.
在信息通信技术的新时代,信息的表征变得越来越重要。了解单词在大脑中是如何相互连接的,以及什么过程促进了连接的建立,可以更好地优化应用程序,例如在计算机辅助教育或搜索引擎中。本文用一种算法对词关联数据库的增长过程进行建模。我们提出了一种黏着语言的词联想网络结构,并将其与英语词联想网络进行了比较。使用这样获得的真实世界数据,我们创建了一个模型,该模型再现了观察到的增长过程的主要特征,并显示了网络的演变。该模型将词关联数据的增长描述为基于主题的过程和随机过程的混合。该模型使我们有可能深入了解负责创建相互关联的心理词汇的整个过程。
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引用次数: 0
The Japanese ‘X wa Y o shiteiru’ pattern as simple stative expressions 日本的“X wa Y o shiteiru”模式是简单的静态表达式
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2020.44.1
Yuichiro Ogami
This paper discusses the Japanese ‘X wa Y o shiteiru’ form, which represents the simple state or property of an object. After illustrating the basic features of the linguistic pattern, the paper examines how the pattern is formed by focusing on the conceptualizer’s cognition regarding objects. To conclude, the paper argues that the simple stative interpretation of the pattern derives from the process of subjectification proposed in the field of cognitive grammar.
本文讨论了日语的“X wa Y o shiiteiru”形式,它代表了一个对象的简单状态或属性。在阐述了语言模式的基本特征之后,本文着重从概念化者对客体的认知出发,考察了语言模式的形成过程。综上所述,本文认为这种模式的简单静态解释源于认知语法领域提出的主体化过程。
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引用次数: 0
The Reduplication Process of Balantak Language: A Minority Austronesian Language of Eastern Sulawesi 巴兰塔克语:东苏拉威西岛南岛少数民族语言的复制过程
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2020.44.2
Valentino Pamolango, Cho Young Ho
Indonesia has many local languages. One of the local languages used in Indonesia is Balantak language. It is used by people who live in 5 (five) sub-districts in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. In Balantak language, there are a number of words which are formed by using reduplication. Reduplication is found in many languages but is quite diverse as a process and in its. Due to reduplicated words in Balantak language, the writers are interested in analyzing the problem statement about: What are the forms of reduplicated words in Balantak language? Reduplication is the repetition of an entire word or part of the word. According to Haspelmath and Sims (2010), reduplications are a very common morphological operation, whereby part of the base orthe complete base is copied and attached to the base (either preceding or following it). In Balantak language both forms of reduplication are found full reduplication and partial reduplication, and each form consists of various kind of words.
印度尼西亚有许多当地语言。印度尼西亚使用的当地语言之一是巴兰塔克语。它被居住在中苏拉威西邦盖县5个街道的人们使用。在巴兰塔克语中,有许多单词是通过重复构成的。重复在许多语言中都有发现,但作为一个过程和它的方式是相当多样化的。由于巴兰塔克语中存在重复词,笔者对巴兰塔克语中重复词的形式有哪些问题进行了分析。重复是整个单词或部分单词的重复。根据Haspelmath和Sims(2010)的研究,重复是一种非常常见的形态学操作,即部分碱基或完整碱基被复制并附着在碱基上(在其前面或后面)。在巴兰塔克语中有完全重复和部分重复两种形式,每一种形式都由不同种类的词组成。
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引用次数: 0
Reflexives are Results of Impoverishment 自反性是贫困的结果
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/il.2020.44.4
Yusuke Yoda
For decades, the central issues surrounding Binding have been investigation of mechanisms of co-referentiality. Most of literature have attempt to find out the mechanisms of binding condition (Chomsky 1981, 1986). This paper will shed new light on the Binding, that is morphological aspects of reflexive anaphors and pronouns, and the source of subject orientation. The purposes of this paper are to claim that Apparent ses (Pica (1985)) in some languages are in fact pronoun and thesubject orientation is emerged as a result of person/gender-feature (φ-feature) impoverishment (cf. Noyer (1997), Halle (1997)). To claim these, this paper looks at Thai and Japanese data. The organization of this paper from next chapter is as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews binding theory we adopt. Then section 3, Thai binding data are introduced. Based on Thai data provided in section 3, section 4 provides proposal and analysis, in which the morpho-semantic framework by Middleton (2018) is introduced. Section 5 shows the current account is also applicable to Japanese reflexives. Section 6 concludes this paper.
几十年来,围绕绑定的核心问题一直是对共同参照机制的研究。大多数文献都试图找出约束条件的机制(Chomsky 1981,1986)。本文将从反身指喻和代词的形态特征、主语指向的来源等方面对其联系进行新的探讨。本文的目的是为了证明某些语言中的显性代词(Pica(1985))实际上是代词,而主体导向是由于人/性别特征(γ -特征)贫乏而出现的(参见Noyer (1997), Halle(1997))。为了证明这一点,本文参考了泰国和日本的数据。从下一章开始,本文的组织结构如下。第二节简要回顾了我们采用的约束理论。然后介绍第3节,泰国绑定数据。根据第3节提供的泰国数据,第4节提供了建议和分析,其中介绍了Middleton(2018)的形态语义框架。第5节表明,经常账户也适用于日语的反身代词。第六部分对本文进行总结。
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引用次数: 0
A constraint-based approach to linguistic interfaces 语言接口的基于约束的方法
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-10-16 DOI: 10.1075/li.00038.bil
Gabriela Bîlbîie
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引用次数: 1
Boundaries at play 界限在起作用
0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-10-16 DOI: 10.1075/li.00040.mac
Antonio Machicao y Priemer, Paola Fritz-Huechante
Summary In this paper, we model the left-bounded state reading and the true reflexive reading of the se clitic in the Spanish psychological domain. We argue that a lexical analysis of se provides us with a more accurate description of the different classes of psychological verbs that occur with the clitic. We provide a unified analysis where the use of the two readings of se are modeled by means of lexical rules. We take the morphologically simple but semantically more complex basic items (e.g. asustar ‘frighten’) as input of the lexical rules, getting as the output a morphologically more complex but semantically simpler verb (e.g asustarse ‘get frightened’). The analysis for psych verbs correctly allows only those verbs assigning accusative to the experiencer or the stimulus to combine with se, hence preventing dative verbs from entering the lexical rules. The analysis also demonstrates how to account for punctual and non-punctual readings of psych verbs with se incorporating ‘boundaries’ into the type hierarchy of eventualities.
本文从西班牙心理学的角度对西班牙文学的左界状态阅读和真反思性阅读进行了研究。我们认为,对“词”的词法分析可以使我们更准确地描述与“词”一起出现的不同类型的心理动词。我们提供了一个统一的分析,其中使用的两种阅读se是通过词汇规则建模。我们将形态学简单但语义更复杂的基本词(如asustar“scare”)作为词汇规则的输入,得到一个形态学更复杂但语义更简单的动词(如asustarse“get frightened”)作为输出。对心理动词的分析正确地只允许将宾格归给体验者或刺激者的动词与se结合,从而阻止了与格动词进入词汇规则。分析还展示了如何解释心理动词的准时和非准时阅读,并将“边界”纳入到可能性的类型层次结构中。
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Linguisticae Investigationes
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