Klaudia Ćwierz, Ramona Cossengue Casimiro, Barbara Konat
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest empiryczne ustalenie różnic leksykalnych w grupach dyskusyjnych reprezentujących odmienne postawy względem aborcji. Chcemy pokazać, w jaki sposób grupy te stosują odmienny opis świata, poprzez wybór odmiennego słownictwa. Materiał został zebrany w grupach dyskusyjnych na portalu społecznościowym Facebook, a analiza została przeprowadzona metodami statystycznymi w postaci uczenia maszynowego z wykorzystaniem klasyfikatorów bazujących na zestawach cech “bag of words” oraz “n-gram”. Zastosowano także jakościową analizę słów kluczowych.
{"title":"Różnice leksykalne w wypowiedziach zwolenników i przeciwników dopuszczalności aborcji - analiza anglojęzycznych grup w serwisie Facebook","authors":"Klaudia Ćwierz, Ramona Cossengue Casimiro, Barbara Konat","doi":"10.14746/IL.2017.37.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/IL.2017.37.3","url":null,"abstract":"Celem niniejszego artykułu jest empiryczne ustalenie różnic leksykalnych w grupach dyskusyjnych reprezentujących odmienne postawy względem aborcji. Chcemy pokazać, w jaki sposób grupy te stosują odmienny opis świata, poprzez wybór odmiennego słownictwa. Materiał został zebrany w grupach dyskusyjnych na portalu społecznościowym Facebook, a analiza została przeprowadzona metodami statystycznymi w postaci uczenia maszynowego z wykorzystaniem klasyfikatorów bazujących na zestawach cech “bag of words” oraz “n-gram”. Zastosowano także jakościową analizę słów kluczowych.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81547677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W artykule omówiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z procesem automatycznego dzielenia na sylaby tekstów ortograficznych w języku polskim. Przy projektowaniu systemu sylabifikującego uwzględniono kilka istotnych czynników: zasady fonologiczne,odczucia subiektywne, strukturęmorfologiczna wyrazów. Zasady fonologiczne – przede wszystkim zasada sonorności – odnosi się do fonetycznej definicji sylaby. W niniejszej publikacji skoncentrowano się na aspektach działania systemu związanych z odwoływaniem się do zasad fonologicznych. Te zasady odnoszą się do wewnątrzwyrazowych grup spółgłoskowych, które są wyznaczane na podstawie informacji o lokalizacji liter odpowiadających ośrodkom sylab. To zadanie jest nieco utrudnione faktem, że w języku polskim niektóre litery, które zazwyczaj oznaczają samogłoski, w określonym kontekście oznaczają spółgłoski. W artykule omówiono również metodę przesłaniania podziału wynikającego z fonologii. Można stosować reguły które odnoszą się do odczucia subiektywnego i podział z niego wynikający różni się od podziału wynikającego z fonologii.
{"title":"Odwołanie do fonologii w procesie dzielenia na sylaby wyrazów ortograficznych języka polskiego","authors":"Daniel Śledziński","doi":"10.14746/IL.2017.37.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/IL.2017.37.5","url":null,"abstract":"W artykule omówiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z procesem automatycznego dzielenia na sylaby tekstów ortograficznych w języku polskim. Przy projektowaniu systemu sylabifikującego uwzględniono kilka istotnych czynników: zasady fonologiczne,odczucia subiektywne, strukturęmorfologiczna wyrazów. Zasady fonologiczne – przede wszystkim zasada sonorności – odnosi się do fonetycznej definicji sylaby. W niniejszej publikacji skoncentrowano się na aspektach działania systemu związanych z odwoływaniem się do zasad fonologicznych. Te zasady odnoszą się do wewnątrzwyrazowych grup spółgłoskowych, które są wyznaczane na podstawie informacji o lokalizacji liter odpowiadających ośrodkom sylab. To zadanie jest nieco utrudnione faktem, że w języku polskim niektóre litery, które zazwyczaj oznaczają samogłoski, w określonym kontekście oznaczają spółgłoski. W artykule omówiono również metodę przesłaniania podziału wynikającego z fonologii. Można stosować reguły które odnoszą się do odczucia subiektywnego i podział z niego wynikający różni się od podziału wynikającego z fonologii.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78191462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Jassem, F. Gralinski, T. Obrêbski, Piotr Wierzchoń
The paper presents a method for the automatic diachronic normalization of Polish texts – the procedure, which, for a given historical text, returns its contemporary spelling. The method applies finite-state transducers, defined in a sublanguage of the Thrax formalism. The paper discusses linguistic issues, such as evolution in spelling of the Polish language, as well as implementation aspects, such as efficiency or testing the proposed method.
{"title":"Automatic Diachronic Normalization of Polish Texts","authors":"K. Jassem, F. Gralinski, T. Obrêbski, Piotr Wierzchoń","doi":"10.14746/IL.2017.37.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/IL.2017.37.2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method for the automatic diachronic normalization of Polish texts – the procedure, which, for a given historical text, returns its contemporary spelling. The method applies finite-state transducers, defined in a sublanguage of the Thrax formalism. The paper discusses linguistic issues, such as evolution in spelling of the Polish language, as well as implementation aspects, such as efficiency or testing the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74940337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to the Chinese death ritual of a secondary burial in its traditional form, known from ancient written sources. It depicts its origin and the most important practices associated with it. The article is based on the BA thesis “Funerary customs in China and Taiwan: secondary burial”, written by the author under the supervision of dr. Marcin Jacobi in the Department of Chinese Language at Warsaw University in 2013.
{"title":"Chińskie zwyczaje pogrzebowe: powtórny pochówek","authors":"Joanna Muchowska","doi":"10.14746/il.2017.37.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/il.2017.37.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the Chinese death ritual of a secondary burial in its traditional form, known from ancient written sources. It depicts its origin and the most important practices associated with it. The article is based on the BA thesis “Funerary customs in China and Taiwan: secondary burial”, written by the author under the supervision of dr. Marcin Jacobi in the Department of Chinese Language at Warsaw University in 2013.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83438682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The steadily growing popularity of the Internet leads to many new social phenomena including verbal aggression on the Internet called cyberbulling or flaming. This study aims to describe verbal aggression in the comments on the polish Internet. Such comments on various subjects and from websites with different levels of anonymity were analysed. The data showed among others, that the percentage of aggressive comments is proportional to the level of anonymity provided on specific websites and thatusers prefer to express aggression by using offensive, but not vulgar, language.
{"title":"Agresja werbalna w komentarzach internetowych","authors":"K. Zasada, Victoria Kamasa","doi":"10.14746/il.2017.37.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/il.2017.37.6","url":null,"abstract":"The steadily growing popularity of the Internet leads to many new social phenomena including verbal aggression on the Internet called cyberbulling or flaming. This study aims to describe verbal aggression in the comments on the polish Internet. Such comments on various subjects and from websites with different levels of anonymity were analysed. The data showed among others, that the percentage of aggressive comments is proportional to the level of anonymity provided on specific websites and thatusers prefer to express aggression by using offensive, but not vulgar, language.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84747961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cet article porte sur le singulier et le pluriel des noms en -et comme bouquet dans les parlers dialectaux normands. Le corpus est issu des atlas linguistiques, qui font au prealable l’objet d’une analyse critique. L’opposition de -et/-ets se manifeste le plus souvent par l’aperture et la longueur de la voyelle, selon differentes combinaisons, pouvant etre regroupees dans quatre aires. Les resultats sont mis en perspective avec les realisations des participes passes en -e/-es/-ee/-ees. Malgre une situation complexe, on constate globalement que le marquage porte sur le feminin singulier (vs. masculin) et sur le masculin pluriel (vs. singulier). Au total, lorsqu’un allongement est realise, c’est toujours pour marquer le feminin et tres souvent le pluriel, quoique les differentes aires de -et/-ets et -e/-es ne se superposent que partiellement. On notera que la situation dialectale se retrouve assez largement dans le francais regional.
本文论述单数和复数的名字——作为丛语》中的诺曼的含义。语言语料库是来自atlas,那些在1 -批判性分析的对象。反对党——/ -ets往往表现为l’aperture长元音,而且根据不同的组合,可按四个领域。结果节目与成就的前景正在参加/ - e /放在-ee -ees孔道。Malgre局面复杂,大致可以看出标识涉及男性女性向男性单数(vs)和《》(vs单数复数)。伸长时,总共是不礼貌,总是为了纪念女性和停机坪脸色通常复数,虽然不同——-ets和e / -只是部分重叠。值得注意的是,局势区域相当广泛见于《法语方言。
{"title":"Le marquage du nombre (et du genre) en Normandie: Noms en -et/-ets et participes passés des verbes du 1er groupe","authors":"P. Brasseur","doi":"10.1075/LI.00011.BRA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LI.00011.BRA","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article porte sur le singulier et le pluriel des noms en -et comme bouquet dans les parlers dialectaux normands. Le corpus est issu des atlas linguistiques, qui font au prealable l’objet d’une analyse critique. L’opposition de -et/-ets se manifeste le plus souvent par l’aperture et la longueur de la voyelle, selon differentes combinaisons, pouvant etre regroupees dans quatre aires. Les resultats sont mis en perspective avec les realisations des participes passes en -e/-es/-ee/-ees. Malgre une situation complexe, on constate globalement que le marquage porte sur le feminin singulier (vs. masculin) et sur le masculin pluriel (vs. singulier). Au total, lorsqu’un allongement est realise, c’est toujours pour marquer le feminin et tres souvent le pluriel, quoique les differentes aires de -et/-ets et -e/-es ne se superposent que partiellement. On notera que la situation dialectale se retrouve assez largement dans le francais regional.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"48 1","pages":"16-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58860027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this squib is to question the popular belief that the metaphor of valency was introduced to linguistics by Lucien Tesniere in the middle of 20th century. Rather, we show that it was first used by Charles Peirce half a century earlier, leading to apparently independent – but probably mediated by Roman Jakobson – ‘discoveries’ of this metaphor by linguists in the Soviet Union, Holland, USA and indeed France.
{"title":"The origin of the valency metaphor in linguistics","authors":"A. Przepiórkowski","doi":"10.1075/LI.00017.PRZ","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LI.00017.PRZ","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this squib is to question the popular belief that the metaphor of valency was introduced to linguistics by Lucien Tesniere in the middle of 20th century. Rather, we show that it was first used by Charles Peirce half a century earlier, leading to apparently independent – but probably mediated by Roman Jakobson – ‘discoveries’ of this metaphor by linguists in the Soviet Union, Holland, USA and indeed France.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"41 1","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58860038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Il est possible de modeliser la variation et le changement valenciel a l’aide des structures formelles que nous nommons polygraphes. Ces derniers etendent les arbres syntaxiques dependanciels en autorisant des relations a porter sur d’autres relations. En prenant l’exemple de l’expression prepositionnelle ou non du datif en ancien francais et en francais moderne (complement des verbes donner, aider, et pardonner), nous montrons comment les polygraphes peuvent etre employes pour montrer geometriquement la difference entre une preposition obligatoire et une preposition facultative. Le potentiel de ces structures permet egalement de visualiser l’evolution et de comparer le comportement des lexemes.
{"title":"Visualiser la variation et le changement valenciel: Structure des compléments datifs dans l’histoire du français","authors":"Nicolas Mazziotta","doi":"10.1075/LI.40.1.03MAZ","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LI.40.1.03MAZ","url":null,"abstract":"Il est possible de modeliser la variation et le changement valenciel a l’aide des structures formelles que nous nommons polygraphes. Ces derniers etendent les arbres syntaxiques dependanciels en autorisant des relations a porter sur d’autres relations. En prenant l’exemple de l’expression prepositionnelle ou non du datif en ancien francais et en francais moderne (complement des verbes donner, aider, et pardonner), nous montrons comment les polygraphes peuvent etre employes pour montrer geometriquement la difference entre une preposition obligatoire et une preposition facultative. Le potentiel de ces structures permet egalement de visualiser l’evolution et de comparer le comportement des lexemes.","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"40 1","pages":"43-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/LI.40.1.03MAZ","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48471547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores the question of why Medieval French does not use se -constructions as exhaustively as other Medieval Romance varieties and why the indefinite pronoun on is clearly the preferred choice. It is claimed that se exhibits affix-like behavior in passive constructions and that it is very likely to be a morphological exponent of absorbing the [+Def] feature on T in IACs. These assumptions are connected to the possibility within a language system to store affixes as independent lexical entries, following Speas, 1995 . It will be shown that Medieval French seems to be a language system in flux in which signs of NSL > non-NSL were present over a longer period of time. The uncertain status of affixes within these radical changes would have prompted learners to go for a multifunctional solution that is readily available and unequivocally identifiable: on .
{"title":"On, Se and related valency alternations in Medieval French","authors":"Anne C. Wolfsgruber","doi":"10.1075/LI.40.1.04WOL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LI.40.1.04WOL","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the question of why Medieval French does not use se -constructions as exhaustively as other Medieval Romance varieties and why the indefinite pronoun on is clearly the preferred choice. It is claimed that se exhibits affix-like behavior in passive constructions and that it is very likely to be a morphological exponent of absorbing the [+Def] feature on T in IACs. These assumptions are connected to the possibility within a language system to store affixes as independent lexical entries, following Speas, 1995 . It will be shown that Medieval French seems to be a language system in flux in which signs of NSL > non-NSL were present over a longer period of time. The uncertain status of affixes within these radical changes would have prompted learners to go for a multifunctional solution that is readily available and unequivocally identifiable: on .","PeriodicalId":43668,"journal":{"name":"Linguisticae Investigationes","volume":"40 1","pages":"59-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/LI.40.1.04WOL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43559723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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