Talanta Open最新文献_第7页

Electrochemical sensors for the determination of polyphenols as antioxidants from natural sources: A comprehensive review of sensor development and characterization 电化学传感器用于测定天然来源的抗氧化剂多酚：传感器发展和表征的综合综述

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100562

Soner Çakar , Mahmut Özacar

The rapid, sensitive, and selective quantification of polyphenols has become increasingly important in areas such as food quality control, nutraceutical development, and biomedical diagnostics, due to their exhibiting significant antioxidant properties through their redox-active hydroxyl groups, contributing to a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and chemopreventive activities. This review critically examines recent developments in electrochemical sensor platforms tailored for polyphenol detection in complex biological and environmental samples. Emphasis is placed on nanostructured electrode modifications employing carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes), metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Pt), and metal oxide nanostructures (e.g., TiO₂, ZnO) that facilitate enhanced electron transfer rates, augmented electroactive surface area, and improved sensor stability and reproducibility. The review further explores diverse electrochemical transduction techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, with comparisons of enzymatic and non-enzymatic sensing approaches. Detailed mechanistic insights into polyphenol electrooxidation pathways, adsorption phenomena, and sensor–analyte interfacial interactions are discussed. Complementary spectroscopic and microscopic characterization methods are highlighted for their roles in elucidating structural, electronic, and surface properties critical to sensor functionality and analytical performance.

多酚通过其氧化还原活性羟基表现出显著的抗氧化特性，有助于多种药理作用，包括抗炎、心脏保护和化学预防活性，因此多酚的快速、敏感和选择性定量在食品质量控制、营养制剂开发和生物医学诊断等领域变得越来越重要。本文综述了电化学传感器平台在复杂生物和环境样品中多酚检测方面的最新进展。重点放在纳米结构电极修饰，采用碳基纳米材料（如石墨烯，碳纳米管），金属纳米颗粒（Au, Ag, Pt）和金属氧化物纳米结构（如TiO₂，ZnO），促进提高电子转移速率，增加电活性表面积，提高传感器的稳定性和可重复性。本文进一步探讨了多种电化学转导技术，包括循环伏安法、方波伏安法、差分脉冲伏安法和电化学阻抗谱，并对酶和非酶传感方法进行了比较。详细的机制见解多酚电氧化途径，吸附现象和传感器-分析物界面的相互作用进行了讨论。互补的光谱和微观表征方法在阐明结构、电子和表面特性方面的作用，对传感器功能和分析性能至关重要。

{"title":"Electrochemical sensors for the determination of polyphenols as antioxidants from natural sources: A comprehensive review of sensor development and characterization","authors":"Soner Çakar , Mahmut Özacar","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid, sensitive, and selective quantification of polyphenols has become increasingly important in areas such as food quality control, nutraceutical development, and biomedical diagnostics, due to their exhibiting significant antioxidant properties through their redox-active hydroxyl groups, contributing to a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and chemopreventive activities. This review critically examines recent developments in electrochemical sensor platforms tailored for polyphenol detection in complex biological and environmental samples. Emphasis is placed on nanostructured electrode modifications employing carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes), metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Pt), and metal oxide nanostructures (e.g., TiO₂, ZnO) that facilitate enhanced electron transfer rates, augmented electroactive surface area, and improved sensor stability and reproducibility. The review further explores diverse electrochemical transduction techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, with comparisons of enzymatic and non-enzymatic sensing approaches. Detailed mechanistic insights into polyphenol electrooxidation pathways, adsorption phenomena, and sensor–analyte interfacial interactions are discussed. Complementary spectroscopic and microscopic characterization methods are highlighted for their roles in elucidating structural, electronic, and surface properties critical to sensor functionality and analytical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural isomeric aromatic diamine linkers influenced electrocatalysis of AuNPs: Efficient assessment of hydrazine in environmental water samples 结构异构体芳香二胺连接物影响AuNPs的电催化作用：环境水样中肼的有效评价

IF 4.1 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100503

Karmegam Muthukrishnan , N.S.K. Gowthaman , Bharathi Sinduja , Mathur Gopalakrishnan Sethuraman

This electrochemical research explores the conductive behaviour and sensor functionality of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) constructed on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode. Aromatic diamines (ArDAs) with different structural isomeric forms were used as efficient linkers for the attachment of AuNPs, with particular attention given to the detection of hydrazine (HYZ). Careful analysis of three distinct ArDAs, ortho-phenylenediamine (OPD), meta-phenylenediamine (MPD), and para-phenylenediamine (PPD), revealed the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of ArDAs on the GC electrode surface. The growth kinetics of ArDA SAMs on GC surfaces were examined using ATR-FT-IR, focusing on the -NH₂ bending vibration region (1592–1631 cm^-1), and the Langmuir adsorption kinetics described the SAM formation, specifically, faster and easier formation of PPD-SAM than OPD and MPD. The PPD SAM on the electrode surface was found to be more compact than OPD and MPD, according to the multi-method analysis. The synthesized AuNPs were anchored on the electrode surface through the free amine groups present in the SAMs and confirmed through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The AuNPs/PPD/GC electrode exhibited superior sensitivity (562 µA mM^-1 cm^-2) and a low detection limit (30 nM) towards HYZ determination. Further, the practicability of the proposed sensor is evaluated by detecting HYZ in environmental water samples and validating the results with the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method.

这项电化学研究探索了构建在玻碳（GC）电极上的柠檬酸稳定金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）的导电行为和传感器功能。采用不同结构异构体形式的芳香二胺（ArDAs）作为连接AuNPs的有效连接剂，特别关注了联氨（HYZ）的检测。仔细分析三种不同的arda，邻苯二胺（OPD），间苯二胺（MPD）和对苯二胺（PPD），发现在GC电极表面形成了arda的自组装单层（sam）。利用ATR-FT-IR研究了ArDA SAMs在GC表面的生长动力学，重点研究了-NH2弯曲振动区（1592-1631 cm-1）， Langmuir吸附动力学描述了SAM的形成，特别是PPD-SAM比OPD和MPD更快、更容易形成。通过多方法分析发现，电极表面的PPD SAM比OPD和MPD更致密。合成的AuNPs通过SAMs中的游离胺基固定在电极表面，并通过扫描电镜、x射线光电子能谱和循环伏安法进行确认。AuNPs/PPD/GC电极对HYZ的检测灵敏度为562µA mM-1 cm-2，检出限较低（30 nM）。此外，通过对环境水样中的HYZ进行检测，并采用超高效液相色谱法对结果进行验证，评价了该传感器的实用性。

{"title":"Structural isomeric aromatic diamine linkers influenced electrocatalysis of AuNPs: Efficient assessment of hydrazine in environmental water samples","authors":"Karmegam Muthukrishnan , N.S.K. Gowthaman , Bharathi Sinduja , Mathur Gopalakrishnan Sethuraman","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This electrochemical research explores the conductive behaviour and sensor functionality of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) constructed on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode. Aromatic diamines (ArDAs) with different structural isomeric forms were used as efficient linkers for the attachment of AuNPs, with particular attention given to the detection of hydrazine (HYZ). Careful analysis of three distinct ArDAs, ortho-phenylenediamine (OPD), meta-phenylenediamine (MPD), and para-phenylenediamine (PPD), revealed the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of ArDAs on the GC electrode surface. The growth kinetics of ArDA SAMs on GC surfaces were examined using ATR-FT-IR, focusing on the -NH<sub>2</sub> bending vibration region (1592–1631 cm<sup>-1</sup>), and the Langmuir adsorption kinetics described the SAM formation, specifically, faster and easier formation of PPD-SAM than OPD and MPD. The PPD SAM on the electrode surface was found to be more compact than OPD and MPD, according to the multi-method analysis. The synthesized AuNPs were anchored on the electrode surface through the free amine groups present in the SAMs and confirmed through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The AuNPs/PPD/GC electrode exhibited superior sensitivity (562 µA mM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>) and a low detection limit (30 nM) towards HYZ determination. Further, the practicability of the proposed sensor is evaluated by detecting HYZ in environmental water samples and validating the results with the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential of low-dimensional MoS2 as a smart nanoplatform for environmental technologies, therapeutic strategies, and biomedical sensing 释放低维二硫化钼作为环境技术、治疗策略和生物医学传感智能纳米平台的潜力

IF 4.1 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100498

Smriti Gaba, Mridul Sahu, Nidhi Chauhan, Utkarsh Jain

As one of the representative layered transition metal dichalcogenides (LTMDC), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been widely researched as a promising nanoplatform for biomedicine as well as green technologies. The features of high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable bandgap, and good biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for therapeutic strategies, biomedical detection, and environmental applications. Low-dimensional MoS₂ has been widely investigated for drug delivery, bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), biosensing, and environmental innovations in the past few years, owing to its strong interaction with biomolecules and the cellular microenvironment. The utility of MoS₂ as an alternative to traditional nanomaterials has been assisted by various functionalization strategies to improve solubility, stability, and targeted applications. Moreover, MoS₂-based biosensors have demonstrated remarkable sensitivity for detecting biomolecules, pathogens, and disease-specific biomarkers that enable early and accurate disease diagnosis. This ability is critical to precision medicine, which allows for personalized treatment approaches, real-time health monitoring, and target activation or suppression of pathways based on a patient's biological profile. Additionally, it has become a beacon of environmental application innovation, providing long-term answers to urgent ecological problems. Because of special physicochemical characteristics, contaminants, including gases, organic compounds, heavy metals, and radionuclides, can be effectively removed from the environment, leading to cleaner air and water supplies. Nonetheless, industrial translation of MoS₂ requires the resolution of toxicity, long-term stability, and large-scale synthesis issues. This review aims to comprehensively discuss the recent development, biomedical and environmental applications, challenges, and future perspectives of low-dimensional MoS₂ in the field of next-generation sustainable technology.

作为层状过渡金属二硫族化合物（LTMDC）的代表之一，二硫化钼（MoS 2）作为一种有前景的纳米平台在生物医学和绿色技术中得到了广泛的研究。高表面体积比、可调带隙和良好的生物相容性使其成为治疗策略、生物医学检测和环境应用的有前途的候选者。由于其与生物分子和细胞微环境的强相互作用，近年来，低维MoS 2在药物传递、生物成像、光热治疗（PTT）、光动力治疗（PDT）、生物传感和环境创新方面得到了广泛的研究。MoS 2作为传统纳米材料的替代品，通过各种功能化策略来提高其溶解度、稳定性和针对性应用。此外，基于MoS 2的生物传感器在检测生物分子、病原体和疾病特异性生物标志物方面表现出了卓越的灵敏度，可以实现早期和准确的疾病诊断。这种能力对精准医疗至关重要，精准医疗允许个性化治疗方法、实时健康监测，以及基于患者生物学特征的目标通路激活或抑制。此外，它已成为环境应用创新的灯塔，为紧迫的生态问题提供了长期的答案。由于特殊的物理化学特性，污染物，包括气体、有机化合物、重金属和放射性核素，可以有效地从环境中去除，从而导致更清洁的空气和水供应。但是，MoS 2的产业化需要解决毒性、长期稳定性和大规模合成问题。本文旨在全面讨论低维MoS₂在下一代可持续技术领域的最新发展、生物医学和环境应用、挑战和未来展望。

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of low-dimensional MoS2 as a smart nanoplatform for environmental technologies, therapeutic strategies, and biomedical sensing","authors":"Smriti Gaba, Mridul Sahu, Nidhi Chauhan, Utkarsh Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one of the representative layered transition metal dichalcogenides (LTMDC), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been widely researched as a promising nanoplatform for biomedicine as well as green technologies. The features of high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable bandgap, and good biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for therapeutic strategies, biomedical detection, and environmental applications. Low-dimensional MoS₂ has been widely investigated for drug delivery, bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), biosensing, and environmental innovations in the past few years, owing to its strong interaction with biomolecules and the cellular microenvironment. The utility of MoS₂ as an alternative to traditional nanomaterials has been assisted by various functionalization strategies to improve solubility, stability, and targeted applications. Moreover, MoS₂-based biosensors have demonstrated remarkable sensitivity for detecting biomolecules, pathogens, and disease-specific biomarkers that enable early and accurate disease diagnosis. This ability is critical to precision medicine, which allows for personalized treatment approaches, real-time health monitoring, and target activation or suppression of pathways based on a patient's biological profile. Additionally, it has become a beacon of environmental application innovation, providing long-term answers to urgent ecological problems. Because of special physicochemical characteristics, contaminants, including gases, organic compounds, heavy metals, and radionuclides, can be effectively removed from the environment, leading to cleaner air and water supplies. Nonetheless, industrial translation of MoS₂ requires the resolution of toxicity, long-term stability, and large-scale synthesis issues. This review aims to comprehensively discuss the recent development, biomedical and environmental applications, challenges, and future perspectives of low-dimensional MoS₂ in the field of next-generation sustainable technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solvent extraction methods towards efficient recognition of organophosphorus pesticides: Recent progress and analytical challenges 高效识别有机磷农药的溶剂萃取方法：最新进展和分析挑战

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100530

Marzieh Fallahi Nezhad , Amin Foroozandeh , Hossein Salar Amoli , Mohammad Hasanzadeh

Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) has evolved significantly by integrating physical assistance methods to enhance extraction efficiency while minimizing the use of organic solvents and disperser agents. This review critically examines the latest advancements in assisted DLLME techniques, including ultrasound-assisted DLLME, vortex-assisted DLLME, and air-assisted DLLME methods, with an emphasis on their potential to minimize or eliminate the use of toxic organic solvents and disperser agents. These environmentally friendly approaches are particularly important for detecting hazardous contaminants such as organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), which are widely used in agriculture and known for their acute neurotoxicity, environmental persistence, and potential to disrupt nervous systems. OPPs can cause severe neurological effects even at trace levels. Their continued presence in food, water, and environmental samples underscores the urgent need for highly sensitive and reliable detection methods to ensure public safety and regulatory compliance. The review highlights how greener DLLME techniques contribute to sustainable analytical practices by reducing or eliminating harmful chemicals. Comparative evaluations are presented for enrichment factors, extraction times, and analyte recoveries across various sample types, including environmental water, biological fluids, and food products. Finally, the review discusses future directions toward achieving completely solvent-free and disperser-free DLLME systems through innovative hybrid and energy-assisted strategies.

分散型液液微萃取（DLLME）通过整合物理辅助方法来提高萃取效率，同时最大限度地减少有机溶剂和分散剂的使用，从而取得了显著的进展。本文综述了辅助DLLME技术的最新进展，包括超声辅助DLLME、涡流辅助DLLME和空气辅助DLLME方法，重点介绍了它们在减少或消除有毒有机溶剂和分散剂使用方面的潜力。这些环境友好的方法对于检测有机磷农药（OPPs）等有害污染物尤其重要，有机磷农药广泛用于农业，并以其急性神经毒性、环境持久性和破坏神经系统的潜力而闻名。即使是微量的opp也会引起严重的神经系统影响。它们持续存在于食品、水和环境样本中，这凸显了对高度敏感和可靠的检测方法的迫切需要，以确保公共安全和遵守法规。该综述强调了绿色dlme技术如何通过减少或消除有害化学物质来促进可持续的分析实践。比较评价提出了富集因子，提取时间，分析物回收率在各种样品类型，包括环境水，生物流体和食品产品。最后，本文讨论了通过创新的混合动力和能量辅助策略实现完全无溶剂和无分散剂DLLME体系的未来方向。

{"title":"Solvent extraction methods towards efficient recognition of organophosphorus pesticides: Recent progress and analytical challenges","authors":"Marzieh Fallahi Nezhad , Amin Foroozandeh , Hossein Salar Amoli , Mohammad Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) has evolved significantly by integrating physical assistance methods to enhance extraction efficiency while minimizing the use of organic solvents and disperser agents. This review critically examines the latest advancements in assisted DLLME techniques, including ultrasound-assisted DLLME, vortex-assisted DLLME, and air-assisted DLLME methods, with an emphasis on their potential to minimize or eliminate the use of toxic organic solvents and disperser agents. These environmentally friendly approaches are particularly important for detecting hazardous contaminants such as organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), which are widely used in agriculture and known for their acute neurotoxicity, environmental persistence, and potential to disrupt nervous systems. OPPs can cause severe neurological effects even at trace levels. Their continued presence in food, water, and environmental samples underscores the urgent need for highly sensitive and reliable detection methods to ensure public safety and regulatory compliance. The review highlights how greener DLLME techniques contribute to sustainable analytical practices by reducing or eliminating harmful chemicals. Comparative evaluations are presented for enrichment factors, extraction times, and analyte recoveries across various sample types, including environmental water, biological fluids, and food products. Finally, the review discusses future directions toward achieving completely solvent-free and disperser-free DLLME systems through innovative hybrid and energy-assisted strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale 用于中观尺度蛋白质组学样品制备自动化的3D打印硬件

IF 4.1 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100505

Sadie R. Schultz , Matthew M. Champion

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is the dominant method for measuring peptides and proteins from complex mixtures. In bottom-up approaches, proteins are digested or proteolyzed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptides are fragmented, and proteins are inferred via peptide spectral matching (PSM). The throughput of this process is surprisingly low; a proteomics core facility might analyse <20 samples/day per instrument using UHPLC-MS/MS. Because of this, automation in proteomics is rare, and virtually all preparation is performed by hand. We developed 3D printed hardware and automated sample preparation modules for a lower-cost Andrew Alliance pipetting robot. The robot operates on simple principles, using traditional pipettes and follows protocols closely resembling manual preparation. Here, we present modular protocols for the major techniques in proteomics preparation: in-solution and S-Trap digestion; Tip and solid-phase extraction (SPE) based desalting. Both approaches yield dense protein identifications from complex proteomes. Automated samples had high reproducibility: ∼60 % of proteins identified from in-solution and S-Trap digested samples had a measured CV of ≤20 %. In contrast, 52 % of in-solution digested and 63 % of S-Trap digested of proteins identified from manually prepared samples had CVs ≤20 %. Automated sample digestion and tip-based desalting had reduced ≅ 70 % and 40 % quantitative yield respectively compared to manual preparation according to the protein label-free quantification (LFQ). Increasing injection amount to normalize the yield restored protein and peptide identifications which demonstrates the differences between manual and automated methods were predominantly due to reduced recovery. Overall, automation of bottom-up proteomics sample preparation at the meso‑scale offers increased reproducibility in non sample-limited applications.

基于质谱的蛋白质组学是测量复杂混合物中多肽和蛋白质的主要方法。在自下而上的方法中，蛋白质在LC-MS/MS分析之前被消化或蛋白水解。肽是碎片化的，通过肽谱匹配（PSM）推断出蛋白质。这个过程的吞吐量低得惊人；蛋白质组学核心设备可能使用UHPLC-MS/MS每天分析20个样品。正因为如此，蛋白质组学的自动化是罕见的，几乎所有的准备工作都是手工完成的。我们开发了3D打印硬件和自动化样品制备模块的低成本安德鲁联盟移液机器人。机器人的操作原理很简单，使用传统的移液器，并遵循与人工准备非常相似的规程。在这里，我们提出了蛋白质组学制备的主要技术的模块化方案：溶液中和S-Trap消化；尖端和固相萃取（SPE）脱盐。这两种方法都能从复杂的蛋白质组中获得密集的蛋白质鉴定。自动化样品具有高重复性：从溶液中和S-Trap消化样品中鉴定的蛋白质中，约60%的测量CV≤20%。相比之下，人工制备样品中鉴定的蛋白质，52%的溶液消化和63%的S-Trap消化的CVs≤20%。根据蛋白质无标签定量（LFQ），与人工制备相比，自动样品消化和基于尖端的脱盐分别降低了70%和40%的定量收率。增加注射量以使产量恢复正常，这表明手动和自动化方法之间的差异主要是由于回收率降低。总体而言，自动化自下而上的蛋白质组学样品制备在中尺度提供了增加的再现性，在非样品限制的应用。

{"title":"3D printed hardware for automation of proteomics sample preparation at the Meso-Scale","authors":"Sadie R. Schultz , Matthew M. Champion","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is the dominant method for measuring peptides and proteins from complex mixtures. In bottom-up approaches, proteins are digested or proteolyzed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Peptides are fragmented, and proteins are inferred <em>via</em> peptide spectral matching (PSM). The throughput of this process is surprisingly low; a proteomics core facility might analyse <20 samples/day per instrument using UHPLC-MS/MS. Because of this, automation in proteomics is rare, and virtually all preparation is performed by hand. We developed 3D printed hardware and automated sample preparation modules for a lower-cost Andrew Alliance pipetting robot. The robot operates on simple principles, using traditional pipettes and follows protocols closely resembling manual preparation. Here, we present modular protocols for the major techniques in proteomics preparation: in-solution and S-Trap digestion; Tip and solid-phase extraction (SPE) based desalting. Both approaches yield dense protein identifications from complex proteomes. Automated samples had high reproducibility: ∼60 % of proteins identified from in-solution and S-Trap digested samples had a measured CV of ≤20 %. In contrast, 52 % of in-solution digested and 63 % of S-Trap digested of proteins identified from manually prepared samples had CVs ≤20 %. Automated sample digestion and tip-based desalting had reduced ≅ 70 % and 40 % quantitative yield respectively compared to manual preparation according to the protein label-free quantification (LFQ). Increasing injection amount to normalize the yield restored protein and peptide identifications which demonstrates the differences between manual and automated methods were predominantly due to reduced recovery. Overall, automation of bottom-up proteomics sample preparation at the meso‑scale offers increased reproducibility in non sample-limited applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The surface plasmon resonance biosensor capability for detection avian influenza H5N1 in poultry using immunoglobulin yolk as bioreceptor 以免疫球蛋白蛋黄为生物受体的表面等离子体共振生物传感器检测家禽H5N1禽流感的能力

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100577

Armanda Dwi Prayugo , Wahyu Widayat , Toto Subroto , Wyanda Arnafia , Muhammad Yusuf , Gilang Gumilar , Yusuf Farid Achmad , Betty Sundari , Aulia Khoirun Nissa , Denniswara Sibit

Avian influenza is a viral infectious disease that causes high mortality and morbidity in poultry. The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) threat causes considerable losses to broiler and laying hens. Early detection of avian influenza cases on farms is now difficult, especially in laying hens with symptoms of decreased egg production, which could be caused by various other diseases. The detection of avian influenza, according to WOAH recommendations, utilizes real-time RT-PCR. The RT-PCR methods are costly, require sample extraction and laboratory expertise. Not only are sensitive and specific alternative diagnostic methods required to address the future threat of avian influenza in poultry with large populations, but also producing biomaterial as a bioreceptor on a large scale is required. Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) is an antibody produced by the hen and found in egg yolk. Producing IgY requires hyperimmune chickens obtained through the vaccination process. The ability of IgY to bind to antigens has the potential to serve as a bioreceptor for disease detection methods in biosensor devices. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor can detect interactions between two molecules, such as antibody-antigens, indicating a change in the resonance angle as a response unit (r.u.). The purpose of this study is to investigate the capability of the SPR biosensor for the diagnosis of AI H5N1 through its limit of detection and sensitivity using IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1, as well as the SPR specificity response in detecting avian influenza in field sample simulations. SPR development using the IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1 bioreceptor with a concentration of 50 µg/ml has a detection limit value of virus titer AI H5N1 10^4,4 ELD50/ml and a response sensitivity of 3.90 ΔRU/Log HAU with an R² value of the linear plot from antigen concentration 1 - 16 HAU is 0.99052. IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1 with a concentration of 50 µg/ml in nanoSPR8 device has a reasonable specificity of 89 % and selectivity in capturing H5N1 analyte targets. The SPR results are also promising for AI H5N1 rapid detection without extraction due to its positive response in field samples that confirmed AI H5N1 by RT-PCR.

禽流感是一种病毒性传染病，在家禽中引起高死亡率和发病率。高致病性禽流感（HPAI）的威胁给肉鸡和蛋鸡造成相当大的损失。现在很难在农场早期发现禽流感病例，特别是在产蛋量减少的蛋鸡中，这可能是由各种其他疾病引起的。根据世界卫生组织的建议，禽流感的检测利用实时RT-PCR。RT-PCR方法成本高昂，需要样品提取和实验室专业知识。不仅需要灵敏和特异的替代诊断方法来应对未来在大量家禽中出现的禽流感威胁，而且还需要大规模生产作为生物受体的生物材料。卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）是母鸡产生的一种抗体，存在于蛋黄中。生产IgY需要通过疫苗接种过程获得的高免疫鸡。IgY与抗原结合的能力有可能作为生物传感器设备中疾病检测方法的生物受体。表面等离子体共振（SPR）生物传感器可以检测两个分子之间的相互作用，如抗体-抗原，表明共振角的变化作为响应单位（r.u.）。本研究的目的是通过IgY抗禽流感H5N1的检测限和敏感性，探讨SPR生物传感器诊断AI H5N1的能力，以及SPR在现场样本模拟中检测禽流感的特异性反应。使用浓度为50µg/ml的IgY抗禽流感H5N1生物受体开发SPR，病毒滴度为AI H5N1 104,4 ELD50/ml，反应灵敏度为3.90 ΔRU/Log HAU，抗原浓度1 ~ 16 HAU线性图的R2值为0.99052。在nanoSPR8装置中，浓度为50µg/ml的IgY抗禽流感H5N1具有89%的合理特异性和捕获H5N1分析物目标的选择性。SPR结果也有望用于无需提取的禽流感H5N1快速检测，因为它在通过RT-PCR确认禽流感H5N1的现场样本中具有阳性反应。

{"title":"The surface plasmon resonance biosensor capability for detection avian influenza H5N1 in poultry using immunoglobulin yolk as bioreceptor","authors":"Armanda Dwi Prayugo , Wahyu Widayat , Toto Subroto , Wyanda Arnafia , Muhammad Yusuf , Gilang Gumilar , Yusuf Farid Achmad , Betty Sundari , Aulia Khoirun Nissa , Denniswara Sibit","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian influenza is a viral infectious disease that causes high mortality and morbidity in poultry. The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) threat causes considerable losses to broiler and laying hens. Early detection of avian influenza cases on farms is now difficult, especially in laying hens with symptoms of decreased egg production, which could be caused by various other diseases. The detection of avian influenza, according to WOAH recommendations, utilizes real-time RT-PCR. The RT-PCR methods are costly, require sample extraction and laboratory expertise. Not only are sensitive and specific alternative diagnostic methods required to address the future threat of avian influenza in poultry with large populations, but also producing biomaterial as a bioreceptor on a large scale is required. Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) is an antibody produced by the hen and found in egg yolk. Producing IgY requires hyperimmune chickens obtained through the vaccination process. The ability of IgY to bind to antigens has the potential to serve as a bioreceptor for disease detection methods in biosensor devices. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor can detect interactions between two molecules, such as antibody-antigens, indicating a change in the resonance angle as a response unit (r.u.). The purpose of this study is to investigate the capability of the SPR biosensor for the diagnosis of AI H5N1 through its limit of detection and sensitivity using IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1, as well as the SPR specificity response in detecting avian influenza in field sample simulations. SPR development using the IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1 bioreceptor with a concentration of 50 µg/ml has a detection limit value of virus titer AI H5N1 10<sup>4,4</sup> ELD50/ml and a response sensitivity of 3.90 ΔRU/Log HAU with an R<sup>2</sup> value of the linear plot from antigen concentration 1 - 16 HAU is 0.99052. IgY anti-avian influenza H5N1 with a concentration of 50 µg/ml in nanoSPR8 device has a reasonable specificity of 89 % and selectivity in capturing H5N1 analyte targets. The SPR results are also promising for AI H5N1 rapid detection without extraction due to its positive response in field samples that confirmed AI H5N1 by RT-PCR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A critical review of the field applications of diffusive gradients (DGT) in assessing the environmental behavior of emerging organic contaminants: Advantages, limitations, and methodological considerations 扩散梯度（DGT）在评估新出现的有机污染物的环境行为中的现场应用：优势，局限性和方法学考虑的重要回顾

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100576

Zhou Fang , Xuan Hu , Jun Luo , Shuting Liu

As the environmental impacts of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) gained increasing global attention, the monitoring of their concentrations and the assessment of their ecological risks have become critical areas of research. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) have been increasingly applied to investigate the distribution and environmental behavior of EOCs in aquatic, soil, and sedimentary environments. This review synthesizes current advancements in DGT technology, with a particular focus on the field applications of DGTs for the studies of the distributions and behaviors of EOCs in the water bodies, soil, and sediment. The advantages, and limitations of diffusion and binding layer materials, filter membranes, and molding techniques were summarized based on the principles of DGT. The reliability and stability of DGT for EOCs determination in aquatic environments are evaluated through a comparative analysis with traditional grab sampling methods. The advantages and limitations of DGT are also discussed in relation to other passive sampling techniques. In addition, common challenges associated with DGT field deployments are identified, and potential strategies for methodological improvements are proposed. Finally, this review consolidates existing studies on the application of DGT in examining the distribution and environmental behavior of EOCs in water, soil, and sediment systems. These findings collectively underscore the utility of DGT in advancing the study of EOCs environmental behavior and in facilitating ecological risk assessment.

随着新兴有机污染物对环境的影响日益受到全球的关注，其浓度监测和生态风险评估已成为重要的研究领域。薄膜扩散梯度（DGT）越来越多地应用于研究水生、土壤和沉积环境中EOCs的分布和环境行为。本文综述了DGT技术的最新进展，重点介绍了DGT在研究水体、土壤和沉积物中生态系统的分布和行为方面的应用。根据DGT的原理，总结了扩散和结合层材料、过滤膜和成型技术的优点和局限性。通过与传统抓取采样方法的对比分析，评价了DGT在水生环境中测定EOCs的可靠性和稳定性。与其他无源采样技术相比，DGT的优点和局限性也进行了讨论。此外，还确定了与DGT现场部署相关的共同挑战，并提出了改进方法的潜在战略。最后，对DGT在水、土壤和沉积物系统中EOCs分布和环境行为研究中的应用进行了综述。这些发现共同强调了DGT在推进eoc环境行为研究和促进生态风险评估方面的作用。

{"title":"A critical review of the field applications of diffusive gradients (DGT) in assessing the environmental behavior of emerging organic contaminants: Advantages, limitations, and methodological considerations","authors":"Zhou Fang , Xuan Hu , Jun Luo , Shuting Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the environmental impacts of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) gained increasing global attention, the monitoring of their concentrations and the assessment of their ecological risks have become critical areas of research. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) have been increasingly applied to investigate the distribution and environmental behavior of EOCs in aquatic, soil, and sedimentary environments. This review synthesizes current advancements in DGT technology, with a particular focus on the field applications of DGTs for the studies of the distributions and behaviors of EOCs in the water bodies, soil, and sediment. The advantages, and limitations of diffusion and binding layer materials, filter membranes, and molding techniques were summarized based on the principles of DGT. The reliability and stability of DGT for EOCs determination in aquatic environments are evaluated through a comparative analysis with traditional grab sampling methods. The advantages and limitations of DGT are also discussed in relation to other passive sampling techniques. In addition, common challenges associated with DGT field deployments are identified, and potential strategies for methodological improvements are proposed. Finally, this review consolidates existing studies on the application of DGT in examining the distribution and environmental behavior of EOCs in water, soil, and sediment systems. These findings collectively underscore the utility of DGT in advancing the study of EOCs environmental behavior and in facilitating ecological risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and fabrication of a rapid detection biosensor for Candida albicans diagnosis in a microfluidic platform 微流控平台白色念珠菌快速诊断生物传感器的设计与制造

IF 4.1 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100478

Shekoufeh Moradkhah , Mohaddeseh Larypoor , Abdollah Allahverdi

Candida species are opportunistic fungi that can lead to a wide range of infections in humans, ranging from superficial to systemic. The diagnosis and treatment of Candida infections present significant challenges due to the diversity and resistance of these species, as well as the lack of rapid and sensitive detection methods. Microfluidics presents an opportunity to develop quick and highly sensitive diagnostic devices, enabling disease detection with minimal sample volumes. This study aimed to design and fabricate a microfluidic chip for the rapid and sensitive detection of Candida albicans in clinical samples. The dimensions of the chip were approximately 3.5 × 3.5 cm. The master chip was fabricated using soft lithography, and replicated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a biocompatible and transparent elastomer, which was treated with plasma to activate its surface. The study found that 150 samples (75 %) tested positive for Candida species, with Candida albicans being the most prevalent species at 58 %, followed by other non-albicans Candida species. Additionally, the study revealed that Candida infections were more common among women, young adults, the elderly, and patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The microfluidic chip demonstrated the ability to detect Candida albicans in clinical samples with a low detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. The study concluded that the microfluidic chip is a promising tool for diagnosing Candida infections in point-of-care settings and emphasized that Candida infections represent a common and diverse issue among patients.

念珠菌是一种机会性真菌，可导致人类广泛的感染，从表面感染到全身感染。由于念珠菌的多样性和耐药性，以及缺乏快速灵敏的检测方法，念珠菌感染的诊断和治疗面临重大挑战。微流体技术提供了一个开发快速和高度敏感的诊断设备的机会，使疾病检测与最小的样本量。本研究旨在设计和制作一种用于临床样品中白色念珠菌快速、灵敏检测的微流控芯片。芯片的尺寸约为3.5 × 3.5 cm。主芯片采用软光刻技术制造，并在聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）中复制，PDMS是一种生物相容性和透明的弹性体，用等离子体处理以激活其表面。该研究发现，150个样本（75%）的念珠菌检测呈阳性，其中白色念珠菌是最常见的物种，占58%，其次是其他非白色念珠菌。此外，研究还显示，念珠菌感染在女性、年轻人、老年人和胃肠道疾病患者中更为常见。该微流控芯片能够检测临床样品中的白色念珠菌，检出限低至10 CFU/mL。该研究得出结论，微流控芯片是诊断念珠菌感染的一种很有前途的工具，并强调念珠菌感染在患者中是一种常见和多样化的问题。

{"title":"Design and fabrication of a rapid detection biosensor for Candida albicans diagnosis in a microfluidic platform","authors":"Shekoufeh Moradkhah , Mohaddeseh Larypoor , Abdollah Allahverdi","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Candida species are opportunistic fungi that can lead to a wide range of infections in humans, ranging from superficial to systemic. The diagnosis and treatment of Candida infections present significant challenges due to the diversity and resistance of these species, as well as the lack of rapid and sensitive detection methods. Microfluidics presents an opportunity to develop quick and highly sensitive diagnostic devices, enabling disease detection with minimal sample volumes. This study aimed to design and fabricate a microfluidic chip for the rapid and sensitive detection of <em>Candida albicans</em> in clinical samples. The dimensions of the chip were approximately 3.5 × 3.5 cm. The master chip was fabricated using soft lithography, and replicated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a biocompatible and transparent elastomer, which was treated with plasma to activate its surface. The study found that 150 samples (75 %) tested positive for Candida species, with <em>Candida albicans</em> being the most prevalent species at 58 %, followed by other non-albicans Candida species. Additionally, the study revealed that Candida infections were more common among women, young adults, the elderly, and patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The microfluidic chip demonstrated the ability to detect <em>Candida albicans</em> in clinical samples with a low detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. The study concluded that the microfluidic chip is a promising tool for diagnosing Candida infections in point-of-care settings and emphasized that Candida infections represent a common and diverse issue among patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical techniques and source apportionment for heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater: A comprehensive review 地下水中重金属（样态）分析技术及来源分析综述

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572

Jelena Vesković, Antonije Onjia

Groundwater contamination by heavy metal(loid)(HM) is a pervasive global issue threatening drinking water quality and public health. Effective mitigation requires robust analytical methodologies and predictive modeling frameworks. This review critically assesses cutting-edge instrumental techniques and source apportionment methods for detecting and understanding HM pollution in groundwater. Advanced laboratory techniques, exemplified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), now achieve extraordinary sensitivity with detection limits in the sub-μg/L range and exhibit high precision (relative standard deviations between 2–3 %). Furthermore, hyphenated chromatography-spectrometry techniques, such as ion chromatography coupled to ICP-MS, facilitate detailed chemical speciation, effectively resolving redox-sensitive pairs such as Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and As(III)/As(V) at environmental concentrations (1–50 µg/L). Meanwhile, emerging electrochemical portable sensors enable on-site, real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. For source apportionment, multivariate statistical methods (including receptor models), isotopic fingerprinting, and machine learning algorithms have been increasingly integrated to disentangle complex mixtures of natural versus anthropogenic metal sources. By combining improved detection limits, enhanced speciation insights, and powerful data analytics and modeling tools, modern approaches support groundwater monitoring and pollution source tracking. Nevertheless, challenges such as matrix interferences, instability of metal species during sampling, and overlapping source signatures continue to complicate analysis, underscoring the need for integrated approaches that merge analytical innovation with data-driven tools to refine source attribution and ultimately ensure groundwater safety. Critical knowledge gaps are identified, including the need for more consistent monitoring approaches, closer integration of new analytical tools with field practice, and stronger policies to make sure scientific progress actually leads to better groundwater protection.

地下水重金属污染是一个普遍存在的全球性问题，威胁着饮用水质量和公众健康。有效的缓解需要稳健的分析方法和预测建模框架。这篇综述批判性地评估了用于检测和理解地下水中HM污染的尖端仪器技术和来源分配方法。以电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）为例的先进实验室技术现在实现了非凡的灵敏度，检测限在亚μg/L范围内，并具有很高的精度（相对标准偏差在2 - 3%之间）。此外，联用色谱光谱技术，如离子色谱与ICP-MS耦合，有助于详细的化学形态形成，有效地分辨环境浓度（1-50 μ g/L）下的氧化还原敏感对，如Cr(III)/Cr（VI）和as (III)/ as (V)。同时，新兴的电化学便携式传感器使现场实时监测地下水质量成为可能。对于来源分配，多元统计方法（包括受体模型）、同位素指纹和机器学习算法已经越来越多地集成在一起，以解开自然与人为金属来源的复杂混合物。通过结合改进的检测极限、增强的物种形成洞察力以及强大的数据分析和建模工具，现代方法支持地下水监测和污染源跟踪。然而，诸如基质干扰、采样过程中金属种类的不稳定性以及源特征重叠等挑战继续使分析复杂化，强调了将分析创新与数据驱动工具相结合的综合方法的必要性，以改进源属性，最终确保地下水安全。报告指出了关键的知识差距，包括需要更一致的监测方法、更紧密地将新的分析工具与实地实践结合起来，以及更强有力的政策，以确保科学进步实际上带来更好的地下水保护。

{"title":"Analytical techniques and source apportionment for heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater: A comprehensive review","authors":"Jelena Vesković, Antonije Onjia","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater contamination by heavy metal(loid)(HM) is a pervasive global issue threatening drinking water quality and public health. Effective mitigation requires robust analytical methodologies and predictive modeling frameworks. This review critically assesses cutting-edge instrumental techniques and source apportionment methods for detecting and understanding HM pollution in groundwater. Advanced laboratory techniques, exemplified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), now achieve extraordinary sensitivity with detection limits in the sub-μg/L range and exhibit high precision (relative standard deviations between 2–3 %). Furthermore, hyphenated chromatography-spectrometry techniques, such as ion chromatography coupled to ICP-MS, facilitate detailed chemical speciation, effectively resolving redox-sensitive pairs such as Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and As(III)/As(V) at environmental concentrations (1–50 µg/L). Meanwhile, emerging electrochemical portable sensors enable on-site, real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. For source apportionment, multivariate statistical methods (including receptor models), isotopic fingerprinting, and machine learning algorithms have been increasingly integrated to disentangle complex mixtures of natural versus anthropogenic metal sources. By combining improved detection limits, enhanced speciation insights, and powerful data analytics and modeling tools, modern approaches support groundwater monitoring and pollution source tracking. Nevertheless, challenges such as matrix interferences, instability of metal species during sampling, and overlapping source signatures continue to complicate analysis, underscoring the need for integrated approaches that merge analytical innovation with data-driven tools to refine source attribution and ultimately ensure groundwater safety. Critical knowledge gaps are identified, including the need for more consistent monitoring approaches, closer integration of new analytical tools with field practice, and stronger policies to make sure scientific progress actually leads to better groundwater protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel extract: Voltammetric, spectrophotometric, and in silico studies as a potential antidiabetic candidate 石榴的抗氧化性能分析果皮提取物：伏安法，分光光度法和硅片研究作为潜在的抗糖尿病候选者

IF 3.7 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Open

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569

Ari Yuniarto , Junaidin , Abdul Aziz Setiawan , Dadang Juanda , Ardi Ardiansyah , Vienna Saraswaty

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel, a common byproduct of the agroindustry, contains important antioxidant compounds. This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peel water extract (PPE) using both in vitro and in silico approaches. We evaluated the antioxidant activity using the voltammetric method and DPPH assays, supported by the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The direct antioxidant voltammetric evaluation revealed the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an electrochemical index of 1.12 µA/mV. When the PPE was tested indirectly using K₃Fe(CN)₆ solution, the electrochemical index was increased up to 168.0 µA/mV, indicating a synergistic effect of both electroactive and non-electroactive antioxidant compounds. The DPPH assays also support the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an IC₅₀ of 17 µg/mL. TPC and TFC values were 8.14 ± 0.373 µg GAE/g dry extract and 1.69 ± 0.003 µg QE/g dry extract, respectively. The antidiabetic potency was analyzed via α-glucosidase inhibition assay, yielding an IC₅₀ of 176.73 µg/mL for PPE. The molecular docking demonstrated that punicalagin, a major bioactive compound present in PPE, exhibited strong binding affinity to α-glucosidase enzyme (−10.42 kcal/mol), surpassing that of acarbose (−10.16 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that PPE is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antidiabetic agents, with potential applications in functional food or therapeutic formulations.

石榴皮是一种常见的农业副产品，含有重要的抗氧化化合物。研究了石榴皮水提取物（PPE）的抗氧化和抗糖尿病作用。采用伏安法和DPPH法测定其抗氧化活性，并测定其总酚含量（TPC）和总黄酮含量（TFC）。直接抗氧化伏安评价表明，存在强抗氧化化合物，电化学指数为1.12µA/mV。在K3Fe(CN)6溶液中间接测试PPE时，电化学指标提高到168.0µA/mV，表明电活性和非电活性抗氧化化合物具有协同作用。DPPH分析也支持强抗氧化化合物的存在，IC50为17µg/mL。TPC值为8.14±0.373µg GAE/g干提取物，TFC值为1.69±0.003µg QE/g干提取物。通过α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制实验分析其抗糖尿病功效，得到PPE的IC₅₀为176.73µg/mL。分子对接结果表明，槟榔苷对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强的结合亲和力（- 10.42 kcal/mol），优于阿卡波糖（- 10.16 kcal/mol）。这些发现表明，PPE是一种很有前景的抗氧化和抗糖尿病药物的天然来源，在功能性食品或治疗制剂中具有潜在的应用前景。

{"title":"Analysis of antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel extract: Voltammetric, spectrophotometric, and in silico studies as a potential antidiabetic candidate","authors":"Ari Yuniarto , Junaidin , Abdul Aziz Setiawan , Dadang Juanda , Ardi Ardiansyah , Vienna Saraswaty","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pomegranate (<em>Punica granatum</em> L.) peel, a common byproduct of the agroindustry, contains important antioxidant compounds. This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peel water extract (PPE) using both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> approaches. We evaluated the antioxidant activity using the voltammetric method and DPPH assays, supported by the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The direct antioxidant voltammetric evaluation revealed the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an electrochemical index of 1.12 µA/mV. When the PPE was tested indirectly using K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub> solution, the electrochemical index was increased up to 168.0 µA/mV, indicating a synergistic effect of both electroactive and non-electroactive antioxidant compounds. The DPPH assays also support the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 17 µg/mL. TPC and TFC values were 8.14 ± 0.373 µg GAE/g dry extract and 1.69 ± 0.003 µg QE/g dry extract, respectively. The antidiabetic potency was analyzed via α-glucosidase inhibition assay, yielding an IC₅₀ of 176.73 µg/mL for PPE. The molecular docking demonstrated that punicalagin, a major bioactive compound present in PPE, exhibited strong binding affinity to α-glucosidase enzyme (−10.42 kcal/mol), surpassing that of acarbose (−10.16 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that PPE is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antidiabetic agents, with potential applications in functional food or therapeutic formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0