This work proposes a novel, portable, and reusable device for in situ water sampling, sample preparation, and analyte enrichment in a single step. For this purpose, a commercial cationic exchange resin (Chelex 100), was used to obtain a solid-phase extraction column for cadmium (II) retention and enrichment. The optimization of key parameters such as sample volume, reagents concentration, and flow-rate, was performed to maximize cadmium retention and elution efficiency. The method was applied to real samples, and the results agreed with those obtained with reference methodologies, with no significant differences (< 10%). Additionally, recovery rates of 97.8 ± 3.5% were achieved. This method integrates, in one step, the sampling and sample preparation procedures and employs reusable devices, contributing to providing a sustainable solution for metal ions monitoring in aquatic environments.
{"title":"A novel sampling strategy for metal ions determination in water: application to the determination of cadmium","authors":"Francisco A.P. Rodrigues, Tânia C.F. Ribas, Raquel B.R. Mesquita, António O.S.S. Rangel","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a novel, portable, and reusable device for in situ water sampling, sample preparation, and analyte enrichment in a single step. For this purpose, a commercial cationic exchange resin (Chelex 100), was used to obtain a solid-phase extraction column for cadmium (II) retention and enrichment. The optimization of key parameters such as sample volume, reagents concentration, and flow-rate, was performed to maximize cadmium retention and elution efficiency. The method was applied to real samples, and the results agreed with those obtained with reference methodologies, with no significant differences (< 10%). Additionally, recovery rates of 97.8 ± 3.5% were achieved. This method integrates, in one step, the sampling and sample preparation procedures and employs reusable devices, contributing to providing a sustainable solution for metal ions monitoring in aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572
Jelena Vesković, Antonije Onjia
Groundwater contamination by heavy metal(loid)(HM) is a pervasive global issue threatening drinking water quality and public health. Effective mitigation requires robust analytical methodologies and predictive modeling frameworks. This review critically assesses cutting-edge instrumental techniques and source apportionment methods for detecting and understanding HM pollution in groundwater. Advanced laboratory techniques, exemplified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), now achieve extraordinary sensitivity with detection limits in the sub-μg/L range and exhibit high precision (relative standard deviations between 2–3 %). Furthermore, hyphenated chromatography-spectrometry techniques, such as ion chromatography coupled to ICP-MS, facilitate detailed chemical speciation, effectively resolving redox-sensitive pairs such as Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and As(III)/As(V) at environmental concentrations (1–50 µg/L). Meanwhile, emerging electrochemical portable sensors enable on-site, real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. For source apportionment, multivariate statistical methods (including receptor models), isotopic fingerprinting, and machine learning algorithms have been increasingly integrated to disentangle complex mixtures of natural versus anthropogenic metal sources. By combining improved detection limits, enhanced speciation insights, and powerful data analytics and modeling tools, modern approaches support groundwater monitoring and pollution source tracking. Nevertheless, challenges such as matrix interferences, instability of metal species during sampling, and overlapping source signatures continue to complicate analysis, underscoring the need for integrated approaches that merge analytical innovation with data-driven tools to refine source attribution and ultimately ensure groundwater safety. Critical knowledge gaps are identified, including the need for more consistent monitoring approaches, closer integration of new analytical tools with field practice, and stronger policies to make sure scientific progress actually leads to better groundwater protection.
地下水重金属污染是一个普遍存在的全球性问题，威胁着饮用水质量和公众健康。有效的缓解需要稳健的分析方法和预测建模框架。这篇综述批判性地评估了用于检测和理解地下水中HM污染的尖端仪器技术和来源分配方法。以电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）为例的先进实验室技术现在实现了非凡的灵敏度，检测限在亚μg/L范围内，并具有很高的精度（相对标准偏差在2 - 3%之间）。此外，联用色谱光谱技术，如离子色谱与ICP-MS耦合，有助于详细的化学形态形成，有效地分辨环境浓度（1-50 μ g/L）下的氧化还原敏感对，如Cr(III)/Cr（VI）和as (III)/ as (V)。同时，新兴的电化学便携式传感器使现场实时监测地下水质量成为可能。对于来源分配，多元统计方法（包括受体模型）、同位素指纹和机器学习算法已经越来越多地集成在一起，以解开自然与人为金属来源的复杂混合物。通过结合改进的检测极限、增强的物种形成洞察力以及强大的数据分析和建模工具，现代方法支持地下水监测和污染源跟踪。然而，诸如基质干扰、采样过程中金属种类的不稳定性以及源特征重叠等挑战继续使分析复杂化，强调了将分析创新与数据驱动工具相结合的综合方法的必要性，以改进源属性，最终确保地下水安全。报告指出了关键的知识差距，包括需要更一致的监测方法、更紧密地将新的分析工具与实地实践结合起来，以及更强有力的政策，以确保科学进步实际上带来更好的地下水保护。
{"title":"Analytical techniques and source apportionment for heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater: A comprehensive review","authors":"Jelena Vesković, Antonije Onjia","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater contamination by heavy metal(loid)(HM) is a pervasive global issue threatening drinking water quality and public health. Effective mitigation requires robust analytical methodologies and predictive modeling frameworks. This review critically assesses cutting-edge instrumental techniques and source apportionment methods for detecting and understanding HM pollution in groundwater. Advanced laboratory techniques, exemplified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), now achieve extraordinary sensitivity with detection limits in the sub-μg/L range and exhibit high precision (relative standard deviations between 2–3 %). Furthermore, hyphenated chromatography-spectrometry techniques, such as ion chromatography coupled to ICP-MS, facilitate detailed chemical speciation, effectively resolving redox-sensitive pairs such as Cr(III)/Cr(VI) and As(III)/As(V) at environmental concentrations (1–50 µg/L). Meanwhile, emerging electrochemical portable sensors enable on-site, real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. For source apportionment, multivariate statistical methods (including receptor models), isotopic fingerprinting, and machine learning algorithms have been increasingly integrated to disentangle complex mixtures of natural versus anthropogenic metal sources. By combining improved detection limits, enhanced speciation insights, and powerful data analytics and modeling tools, modern approaches support groundwater monitoring and pollution source tracking. Nevertheless, challenges such as matrix interferences, instability of metal species during sampling, and overlapping source signatures continue to complicate analysis, underscoring the need for integrated approaches that merge analytical innovation with data-driven tools to refine source attribution and ultimately ensure groundwater safety. Critical knowledge gaps are identified, including the need for more consistent monitoring approaches, closer integration of new analytical tools with field practice, and stronger policies to make sure scientific progress actually leads to better groundwater protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100571
Agnese Aguzzoni, Giulio Voto, Werner Tirler
One of the key passages to achieve an accurate and precise Sr isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr) measurement is the Sr/matrix separation. Traditionally this step is accomplished using a Sr-spec resin which allows the Sr recovery eliminating the main interferent species (namely Ca, Rb, Pb). While this application is consolidated, few details are available in literature regarding the possibility to reuse the resin for the consecutive separation of Sr from multiple samples. To deepen this aspect, in this study different tests were conducted both using certified and in-house reference materials, to check the performance of the separation in different working conditions and testing solutions of HNO3 and HCl for the resin washing between consecutive use cycles. These tests confirmed that resin reuse guarantees average Sr recovery higher than 95 %, with a negligible presence of interfering species in the final solution, and no effect on the Sr isotope ratios. However, since in no case a quantitative Sr recovery was achieved, the presence of Sr residues on the resin might limit this application if different samples are treated on the same resin. Tests with batches of real samples showed that using a mild washing with HNO3 (0.05 M), although residual cross-contamination was present, no significant alteration of the sample 87Sr/86Sr ratios occurred, in case of homogeneous ratios. At increasing levels of heterogeneity, even the use of HCl in the resin washing might be not sufficient. This study demonstrated the feasibility of resin reuse, reducing its consumption, associated costs, and lab workload, without affecting the accuracy of the results when working with sample replicates or when a low-to-medium difference in the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of consecutive samples is expected.
{"title":"Strategies for resin reuse in Sr/matrix separation prior to isotope analysis","authors":"Agnese Aguzzoni, Giulio Voto, Werner Tirler","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the key passages to achieve an accurate and precise Sr isotope ratio (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) measurement is the Sr/matrix separation. Traditionally this step is accomplished using a Sr-spec resin which allows the Sr recovery eliminating the main interferent species (namely Ca, Rb, Pb). While this application is consolidated, few details are available in literature regarding the possibility to reuse the resin for the consecutive separation of Sr from multiple samples. To deepen this aspect, in this study different tests were conducted both using certified and in-house reference materials, to check the performance of the separation in different working conditions and testing solutions of HNO<sub>3</sub> and HCl for the resin washing between consecutive use cycles. These tests confirmed that resin reuse guarantees average Sr recovery higher than 95 %, with a negligible presence of interfering species in the final solution, and no effect on the Sr isotope ratios. However, since in no case a quantitative Sr recovery was achieved, the presence of Sr residues on the resin might limit this application if different samples are treated on the same resin. Tests with batches of real samples showed that using a mild washing with HNO<sub>3</sub> (0.05 M), although residual cross-contamination was present, no significant alteration of the sample <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios occurred, in case of homogeneous ratios. At increasing levels of heterogeneity, even the use of HCl in the resin washing might be not sufficient. This study demonstrated the feasibility of resin reuse, reducing its consumption, associated costs, and lab workload, without affecting the accuracy of the results when working with sample replicates or when a low-to-medium difference in the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratio of consecutive samples is expected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100570
Kit Granby , Paula Toma , Peter Christensen , Ella Walbeogo , Yaya Dao , Tore K Ravn , Jan H Christensen , Nikoline J Nielsen
In shea kernels from the Vitellaria Paradoxa tree, lipids make up approximately half of the mass. The lipid portion includes a significant proportion of non-glyceridic lipids, also known as unsaponifiable matter (USM). Shea kernel samples from a controlled study in Burkina Faso, investigating local storage conditions in covered soil pits, were analyzed for USM compounds using GC–MS. The quantification was performed using external calibration curves of native (exact compound) or analogue (chemically similar) standards, and relative intensity corrections of quantifier ions were based on EI mass spectra of standards, samples, and MS libraries. The USM compounds amounted to 2.9 ± 0.4 g/100 g (n = 19) of the shea kernel samples. They included three tocopherols, two Δ7-sterols, squalene, and triterpenes, where the triterpenes accounted for an average of 98 % of the total quantified beneficial compounds. The triterpenes included four triterpene alcohols, comprising 1 %, ten triterpene acetates, and eight triterpene cinnamates, comprising 97 % of the quantified unsaponifiable extractables. The concentration of the four predominant tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene cinnamate esters were: α-amyrin 907 ± 110 mg/100 g kernels, lupeol 577 ± 73 mg/100 g, butyrospermol 264 ± 44 mg/100 g, and β-amyrin 130 ± 17 mg/100 g. The triterpene acetates were less abundant; the four dominant were of the triterpenes: α-amyrin 268 ± 38 mg/100 g, lupeol 203 ± 39 mg/100 g, butyrospermol 165 ± 32 mg/100 g, and β-amyrin 68 ± 9 mg/100 g. The quantified USM compounds are known to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and related health effects. Of particular interest are the tetracyclic and pentacyclic triterpene esters due to their exceptionally high levels in shea butter compared to other oils and fats.
{"title":"Quantitative results of tocopherols, sterols, triterpene esters, and lipid degradation products in shea kernels using native or quantifier ion intensity corrected analogue standards","authors":"Kit Granby , Paula Toma , Peter Christensen , Ella Walbeogo , Yaya Dao , Tore K Ravn , Jan H Christensen , Nikoline J Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In shea kernels from the <em>Vitellaria Paradoxa</em> tree, lipids make up approximately half of the mass. The lipid portion includes a significant proportion of non-glyceridic lipids, also known as unsaponifiable matter (USM). Shea kernel samples from a controlled study in Burkina Faso, investigating local storage conditions in covered soil pits, were analyzed for USM compounds using GC–MS. The quantification was performed using external calibration curves of native (exact compound) or analogue (chemically similar) standards, and relative intensity corrections of quantifier ions were based on EI mass spectra of standards, samples, and MS libraries. The USM compounds amounted to 2.9 ± 0.4 g/100 g (<em>n</em> = 19) of the shea kernel samples. They included three tocopherols, two Δ<sup>7</sup>-sterols, squalene, and triterpenes, where the triterpenes accounted for an average of 98 % of the total quantified beneficial compounds. The triterpenes included four triterpene alcohols, comprising 1 %, ten triterpene acetates, and eight triterpene cinnamates, comprising 97 % of the quantified unsaponifiable extractables. The concentration of the four predominant tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene cinnamate esters were: α-amyrin 907 ± 110 mg/100 g kernels, lupeol 577 ± 73 mg/100 g, butyrospermol 264 ± 44 mg/100 g, and β-amyrin 130 ± 17 mg/100 g. The triterpene acetates were less abundant; the four dominant were of the triterpenes: α-amyrin 268 ± 38 mg/100 g, lupeol 203 ± 39 mg/100 g, butyrospermol 165 ± 32 mg/100 g, and β-amyrin 68 ± 9 mg/100 g. The quantified USM compounds are known to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and related health effects. Of particular interest are the tetracyclic and pentacyclic triterpene esters due to their exceptionally high levels in shea butter compared to other oils and fats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100568
Geng Qiuyu , Xing Hanxin , Cang Song , Fan Ronghua , Zheng Anqi
Cu/Zn SOD mRNA plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxygen toxicity by regulating the expression of the Cu/Zn SOD enzyme. In this work, we developed a biosensor, termed the Cas9-sgRNA/blocker system, for the analysis of Cu/Zn SOD mRNA. The biosensor was assembled by hybridizing a crRNA with a complementary blocker strand, which was then complexed with the Cas9 nuclease. In the presence of the target mRNA, competitive binding between the blocker strand and the mRNA restored Cas9-sgRNA cleavage activity, enabling enzymatic cleavage of adjacent fluorescent dsDNA reporters. Fluorescence measurements were performed at λex/λem = 488/525 nm, yielding a detection limit of 1.40 nmol L⁻¹. This method demonstrated excellent selectivity for Cu/Zn SOD mRNA, as evidenced by its successful application to the detection of Cu/Zn SOD mRNA in real samples.
{"title":"Sensitive detection Cu/Zn SOD mRNA with CRISPR/Cas9","authors":"Geng Qiuyu , Xing Hanxin , Cang Song , Fan Ronghua , Zheng Anqi","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cu/Zn SOD mRNA plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxygen toxicity by regulating the expression of the Cu/Zn SOD enzyme. In this work, we developed a biosensor, termed the Cas9-sgRNA/blocker system, for the analysis of Cu/Zn SOD mRNA. The biosensor was assembled by hybridizing a crRNA with a complementary blocker strand, which was then complexed with the Cas9 nuclease. In the presence of the target mRNA, competitive binding between the blocker strand and the mRNA restored Cas9-sgRNA cleavage activity, enabling enzymatic cleavage of adjacent fluorescent dsDNA reporters. Fluorescence measurements were performed at λex/λem = 488/525 nm, yielding a detection limit of 1.40 nmol L⁻¹. This method demonstrated excellent selectivity for Cu/Zn SOD mRNA, as evidenced by its successful application to the detection of Cu/Zn SOD mRNA in real samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100567
Gaofeng Dong , Weiyao Hu , Jing Liu , Guiyuan Zhou , Kai Li , Jin Xu , Olivier Berthou , Huifan Li , Yuxin Liu
Reconstituted tobacco (RT), is a product for reducing tar and harm in cigarettes. It is also the main means of resource utilization of tobacco waste. However, RT products are often limited in their wide application due to the traditional monotonic flavor from the poor stability of added flavor agents during processing. It is of considerable interest to investigate flavor diversification of RT. In this study, the effects of ultra-fine apricot powder with different particle sizes and addition rates on the characteristics of RT were investigated. The result shows to optimize the performance of physical and chemical indexes of RT, an 800 mesh is the most appropriate particle size and the powder addition rate should be below 15 %. The uniformity of dry weight improved 26.0 %, color difference (L*, a*, b*) 29.1 %, 23.5, 33.8 % respectively. The color difference (ΔE) between it and the standard sample of natural tobacco leaves optimized by 38.7 %. 14 % apricot powder added in forming pulp and 0.15 % apricot extracts added in coating liquid is the best combination in obtaining RT finished products with apricot characteristic aroma and natural fruity taste. These results reveal a potential method for developing high-quality natural plant flavored RT.
{"title":"Addition of apricot powder and its extracts on the physicochemical properties and sensory attributes of Reconstituted Tobacco","authors":"Gaofeng Dong , Weiyao Hu , Jing Liu , Guiyuan Zhou , Kai Li , Jin Xu , Olivier Berthou , Huifan Li , Yuxin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconstituted tobacco (RT), is a product for reducing tar and harm in cigarettes. It is also the main means of resource utilization of tobacco waste. However, RT products are often limited in their wide application due to the traditional monotonic flavor from the poor stability of added flavor agents during processing. It is of considerable interest to investigate flavor diversification of RT. In this study, the effects of ultra-fine apricot powder with different particle sizes and addition rates on the characteristics of RT were investigated. The result shows to optimize the performance of physical and chemical indexes of RT, an 800 mesh is the most appropriate particle size and the powder addition rate should be below 15 %. The uniformity of dry weight improved 26.0 %, color difference (L*, a*, b*) 29.1 %, 23.5, 33.8 % respectively. The color difference (ΔE) between it and the standard sample of natural tobacco leaves optimized by 38.7 %. 14 % apricot powder added in forming pulp and 0.15 % apricot extracts added in coating liquid is the best combination in obtaining RT finished products with apricot characteristic aroma and natural fruity taste. These results reveal a potential method for developing high-quality natural plant flavored RT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569
Ari Yuniarto , Junaidin , Abdul Aziz Setiawan , Dadang Juanda , Ardi Ardiansyah , Vienna Saraswaty
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel, a common byproduct of the agroindustry, contains important antioxidant compounds. This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peel water extract (PPE) using both in vitro and in silico approaches. We evaluated the antioxidant activity using the voltammetric method and DPPH assays, supported by the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The direct antioxidant voltammetric evaluation revealed the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an electrochemical index of 1.12 µA/mV. When the PPE was tested indirectly using K3Fe(CN)6 solution, the electrochemical index was increased up to 168.0 µA/mV, indicating a synergistic effect of both electroactive and non-electroactive antioxidant compounds. The DPPH assays also support the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an IC50 of 17 µg/mL. TPC and TFC values were 8.14 ± 0.373 µg GAE/g dry extract and 1.69 ± 0.003 µg QE/g dry extract, respectively. The antidiabetic potency was analyzed via α-glucosidase inhibition assay, yielding an IC₅₀ of 176.73 µg/mL for PPE. The molecular docking demonstrated that punicalagin, a major bioactive compound present in PPE, exhibited strong binding affinity to α-glucosidase enzyme (−10.42 kcal/mol), surpassing that of acarbose (−10.16 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that PPE is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antidiabetic agents, with potential applications in functional food or therapeutic formulations.
{"title":"Analysis of antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel extract: Voltammetric, spectrophotometric, and in silico studies as a potential antidiabetic candidate","authors":"Ari Yuniarto , Junaidin , Abdul Aziz Setiawan , Dadang Juanda , Ardi Ardiansyah , Vienna Saraswaty","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pomegranate (<em>Punica granatum</em> L.) peel, a common byproduct of the agroindustry, contains important antioxidant compounds. This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peel water extract (PPE) using both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> approaches. We evaluated the antioxidant activity using the voltammetric method and DPPH assays, supported by the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The direct antioxidant voltammetric evaluation revealed the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an electrochemical index of 1.12 µA/mV. When the PPE was tested indirectly using K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub> solution, the electrochemical index was increased up to 168.0 µA/mV, indicating a synergistic effect of both electroactive and non-electroactive antioxidant compounds. The DPPH assays also support the presence of strong antioxidant compounds with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 17 µg/mL. TPC and TFC values were 8.14 ± 0.373 µg GAE/g dry extract and 1.69 ± 0.003 µg QE/g dry extract, respectively. The antidiabetic potency was analyzed via α-glucosidase inhibition assay, yielding an IC₅₀ of 176.73 µg/mL for PPE. The molecular docking demonstrated that punicalagin, a major bioactive compound present in PPE, exhibited strong binding affinity to α-glucosidase enzyme (−10.42 kcal/mol), surpassing that of acarbose (−10.16 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that PPE is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antidiabetic agents, with potential applications in functional food or therapeutic formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antioxidants are crucial in mitigating oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), contributing to chronic diseases and biomolecular damage. Beyond their biological significance, antioxidants are widely used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals to enhance stability and shelf life. Conventional detection methods—such as spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC) and chromatographic techniques (HPLC, LC-MS)—are accurate but suffer from high costs, complex workflows, and limited portability. Biosensors offer a promising alternative, combining high sensitivity, rapid analysis, and real-time monitoring. Among these, metal-organic framework (MOFs) based biosensors stand out due to their tunable porosity, high surface area, and multifunctional design, enabling precise antioxidant detection via fluorescent, colorimetric, electrochemical, or hybrid mechanisms. These sensors achieve enhanced selectivity and signal amplification by integrating MOFs with various functional materials (e.g., graphene, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)) or biomimetic catalysts (nanozymes), even in complex matrices like biological fluids or food extracts. However, challenges remain in improving commercial applications’ selectivity, stability, and scalability. This review examines MOF-based biosensing platforms, their design strategies, and detection mechanisms while addressing key obstacles in transitioning from lab-scale to real-world deployment. By highlighting recent advances and unmet needs, we aim to guide the development of next-generation biosensors for antioxidant monitoring in clinical, industrial, and environmental settings.
{"title":"The versatility of metal-organic frameworks-based biosensor for antioxidant detection","authors":"Siti Unvaresi Misonia Beladona , Rizki Rachmad Saputra , Aep Patah , Meiyanti Ratna Kumalasari","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antioxidants are crucial in mitigating oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), contributing to chronic diseases and biomolecular damage. Beyond their biological significance, antioxidants are widely used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals to enhance stability and shelf life. Conventional detection methods—such as spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC) and chromatographic techniques (HPLC, LC-MS)—are accurate but suffer from high costs, complex workflows, and limited portability. Biosensors offer a promising alternative, combining high sensitivity, rapid analysis, and real-time monitoring. Among these, metal-organic framework (MOFs) based biosensors stand out due to their tunable porosity, high surface area, and multifunctional design, enabling precise antioxidant detection via fluorescent, colorimetric, electrochemical, or hybrid mechanisms. These sensors achieve enhanced selectivity and signal amplification by integrating MOFs with various functional materials (e.g., graphene, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)) or biomimetic catalysts (nanozymes), even in complex matrices like biological fluids or food extracts. However, challenges remain in improving commercial applications’ selectivity, stability, and scalability. This review examines MOF-based biosensing platforms, their design strategies, and detection mechanisms while addressing key obstacles in transitioning from lab-scale to real-world deployment. By highlighting recent advances and unmet needs, we aim to guide the development of next-generation biosensors for antioxidant monitoring in clinical, industrial, and environmental settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2025.100565
Jin-Kui Ma , Xiao-Yang Chen , Nan Zhang , Ahmed Sobhy Darwish , Ayman A. Gouda , Ragaa El Sheikh , Xiao-Chen Huang
In lieu of being used in anti-burn gels for medicinal reasons, butylated hydroxytoluene is used as a stabilizer and antioxidant to prolong the gel's lifetime and safeguard its effectiveness by halting the oxidation and degradation of other ingredients, especially fats and oils. It shields the product's texture, color, and smell against alterations brought on by light and air exposure. Antioxidants can be used to guard the product quality during the manufacturing process only and may not need to be controlled during its shelf life. A comprehensive, rapid, clear, and environmentally friendly stability-indicating liquid chromatography (LC) technique has been developed and validated, enabling the quantification of butylated hydroxytoluene levels in topical gels. The pharmaceutical compound underwent a series of evaluations in line with ICH standards. Through isocratic separation, butylated hydroxytoluene and its associated degradants were successfully distinguished. The antioxidant was quantified and validated utilizing the Kromasil C-18 stationary phase at a temperature of 45° C. The isocratic mobile phase functions at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. and comprises fixed proportions of filtered water, acetonitrile, and methanol. The overall AES grade of 77, AGREE grade of 0.6, AGREEprep grade of 0.6, CACI grade of 65, AGSA grade of 63.89, MoGAPI grade of 70, BAGI grade of 77.5, and ultimate whiteness of 96.3 collectively underscore the environmental benefits of the LC method. Research suggests that the proposed approach is distinctive, accurate, reliable, robust, and ecologically advantageous, rendering it appropriate for routine quality control assessments.
{"title":"A straightforward HPLC approach to testing butylated hydroxytoluene, an antioxidant, in pure and topical anti-burn gels; Evaluation of greenness, blueness, and whiteness grades","authors":"Jin-Kui Ma , Xiao-Yang Chen , Nan Zhang , Ahmed Sobhy Darwish , Ayman A. Gouda , Ragaa El Sheikh , Xiao-Chen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In lieu of being used in anti-burn gels for medicinal reasons, butylated hydroxytoluene is used as a stabilizer and antioxidant to prolong the gel's lifetime and safeguard its effectiveness by halting the oxidation and degradation of other ingredients, especially fats and oils. It shields the product's texture, color, and smell against alterations brought on by light and air exposure. Antioxidants can be used to guard the product quality during the manufacturing process only and may not need to be controlled during its shelf life. A comprehensive, rapid, clear, and environmentally friendly stability-indicating liquid chromatography (LC) technique has been developed and validated, enabling the quantification of butylated hydroxytoluene levels in topical gels. The pharmaceutical compound underwent a series of evaluations in line with ICH standards. Through isocratic separation, butylated hydroxytoluene and its associated degradants were successfully distinguished. The antioxidant was quantified and validated utilizing the Kromasil C-18 stationary phase at a temperature of 45° C. The isocratic mobile phase functions at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. and comprises fixed proportions of filtered water, acetonitrile, and methanol. The overall AES grade of 77, AGREE grade of 0.6, AGREEprep grade of 0.6, CACI grade of 65, AGSA grade of 63.89, MoGAPI grade of 70, BAGI grade of 77.5, and ultimate whiteness of 96.3 collectively underscore the environmental benefits of the LC method. Research suggests that the proposed approach is distinctive, accurate, reliable, robust, and ecologically advantageous, rendering it appropriate for routine quality control assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a critical gasotransmitter governing physiological functions, presents significant environmental and food safety hazards at aberrant concentrations. Concurrently, mitochondrial viscosity serves as a vital biomarker for cellular pathologies. To address the unmet need for precise dual-parameter monitoring, we engineered a mitochondria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) ratiometric fluorescent probe, T-N, enabling simultaneous and discriminative detection of H2S and viscosity through discrete emission channels. The probe exhibits ultrarapid response (<30 s), exceptional sensitivity, and superb selectivity against competing analytes. Leveraging H2S-triggered chromogenic shifts, T-N-immobilized test strips facilitate instrument-free, semi-quantitative assessment of food spoilage, validated across environmental waters and industrially relevant beer samples. Moreover, T-N achieves synchronous dual-channel imaging of endogenous/exogenous H2S and viscosity dynamics in live cells, with verified mitochondrial localization. This work establishes a versatile sensing platform for tracking H2S and viscosity in interconnected environmental, food safety, and biomedical contexts.
{"title":"A ratiometric NIR fluorescent probe for simultaneous detection of H2S and viscosity: Applications in environmental monitoring and bioimaging","authors":"Sha Li, Qin Li, Zhihui Yang, Wei Wen, Miao Yan, Haixian Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talo.2025.100564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), a critical gasotransmitter governing physiological functions, presents significant environmental and food safety hazards at aberrant concentrations. Concurrently, mitochondrial viscosity serves as a vital biomarker for cellular pathologies. To address the unmet need for precise dual-parameter monitoring, we engineered a mitochondria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) ratiometric fluorescent probe, <strong>T-N</strong>, enabling simultaneous and discriminative detection of H<sub>2</sub>S and viscosity through discrete emission channels. The probe exhibits ultrarapid response (<30 s), exceptional sensitivity, and superb selectivity against competing analytes. Leveraging H<sub>2</sub>S-triggered chromogenic shifts, <strong>T-N</strong>-immobilized test strips facilitate instrument-free, semi-quantitative assessment of food spoilage, validated across environmental waters and industrially relevant beer samples. Moreover, <strong>T-N</strong> achieves synchronous dual-channel imaging of endogenous/exogenous H<sub>2</sub>S and viscosity dynamics in live cells, with verified mitochondrial localization. This work establishes a versatile sensing platform for tracking H<sub>2</sub>S and viscosity in interconnected environmental, food safety, and biomedical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":436,"journal":{"name":"Talanta Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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