Worldwide, cancer patients are facing problem with life-and-death decision due to the associated severe adverse and sometimes fatal effects of existing conventional treatments. Due to the severe adverse effects of existing therapies, effective cures are progressively explored for anticancer treatment.Mostly the conventional therapies are based upon nonspecific cellular destruction properties; therefore, a treatment approach is desired to reduce the toxic burden upon normal tissues. Among all alternative medicine systems, homeopathy is one of the most popular treatment for cancer patients globally due to its minimal side effects. In this present review, we have attempted to comprehend the literature reports of homeopathic medicine in cancer treatment. Homeopathy has also proved their adjuvant approach to minimize the symptomatic consequences of cancer. However, the insufficiency of evidence and lack of recurrence of the trials cause difficulty to draw any conclusive evidence about homeopathy as an adjuvant therapy. Based upon the etiology, genoprotective potential of homeopathic drugs was reviewed and found inconsequential evaluation and scanty literature. Hence, the present review gives a comprehensive summary of retrospective studies and suggests an integration of rational drug selection, standard protocols, and quantitative analysis for revealing the differential role and plausible application of homeopathy in better cancer management.
{"title":"Adjuvant Approach to Mitigate the Adverse Effects of Cancer Treatments using Homeopathic Medicines","authors":"Arun Kumar, Mahima Sharma, Suneel Prajapati, Pankaj Gupta","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220512163517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220512163517","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Worldwide, cancer patients are facing problem with life-and-death decision due to the associated severe adverse and sometimes fatal effects of existing conventional treatments. Due to the severe adverse effects of existing therapies, effective cures are progressively explored for anticancer treatment.Mostly the conventional therapies are based upon nonspecific cellular destruction properties; therefore, a treatment approach is desired to reduce the toxic burden upon normal tissues. Among all alternative medicine systems, homeopathy is one of the most popular treatment for cancer patients globally due to its minimal side effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this present review, we have attempted to comprehend the literature reports of homeopathic medicine in cancer treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Homeopathy has also proved their adjuvant approach to minimize the symptomatic consequences of cancer. However, the insufficiency of evidence and lack of recurrence of the trials cause difficulty to draw any conclusive evidence about homeopathy as an adjuvant therapy. Based upon the etiology, genoprotective potential of homeopathic drugs was reviewed and found inconsequential evaluation and scanty literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Hence, the present review gives a comprehensive summary of retrospective studies and suggests an integration of rational drug selection, standard protocols, and quantitative analysis for revealing the differential role and plausible application of homeopathy in better cancer management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45984646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-11DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220511115125
J. Darbà, A. Marsà
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer type in women worldwide, causing the greatest number of cancer-related deaths. This study aimed to evaluate the use of healthcare resources associated with female breast cancer in Spain, to analyze trends in hospitalization and death rates, and the related direct medical costs. A retrospective multicenter study was designed analyzing records of hospital and ambulatory visits of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Spanish hospitals between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2018. In total, 353,080 admission files were reviewed, mainly inpatient hospital admissions, corresponding to 299,585 individual patients. Median patient age was 59 years, 12.7% of admissions registered the presence of metastatic tumors and 15.7% registered unspecified secondary tumors. Mean in-hospital death rate was 3.0% for patients without a metastatic disease and 10.5% in patients with a metastatic disease, decreasing significantly over the study period. Total age-adjusted hospitalization rate increased between 2005 and 2011, and decreased after 2012. Mean direct medical cost was €3824 per outpatient visit, €3995 per hospital admission up to 3 days and €5001 per hospital admission over 3 days. Admission cost increased in patients with a metastatic disease and in those deceased during the hospitalization. This study supports previous findings regarding the relative increase in breast cancer incidence that could be attributed to the intensive screening, along with the reduction in the death rate. Mean direct medical cost in this study varied greatly with length of stay, presence of metastatic tumors and disease fatality.
{"title":"Hospital incidence and medical costs of female breast cancer in Spain: a retrospective multicenter study","authors":"J. Darbà, A. Marsà","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220511115125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220511115125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer type in women worldwide, causing the greatest number of cancer-related deaths. This study aimed to evaluate the use of healthcare resources associated with female breast cancer in Spain, to analyze trends in hospitalization and death rates, and the related direct medical costs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A retrospective multicenter study was designed analyzing records of hospital and ambulatory visits of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Spanish hospitals between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2018.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In total, 353,080 admission files were reviewed, mainly inpatient hospital admissions, corresponding to 299,585 individual patients. Median patient age was 59 years, 12.7% of admissions registered the presence of metastatic tumors and 15.7% registered unspecified secondary tumors. Mean in-hospital death rate was 3.0% for patients without a metastatic disease and 10.5% in patients with a metastatic disease, decreasing significantly over the study period. Total age-adjusted hospitalization rate increased between 2005 and 2011, and decreased after 2012. Mean direct medical cost was €3824 per outpatient visit, €3995 per hospital admission up to 3 days and €5001 per hospital admission over 3 days. Admission cost increased in patients with a metastatic disease and in those deceased during the hospitalization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study supports previous findings regarding the relative increase in breast cancer incidence that could be attributed to the intensive screening, along with the reduction in the death rate. Mean direct medical cost in this study varied greatly with length of stay, presence of metastatic tumors and disease fatality.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42145336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-11DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220511114831
Sankha Bhattacharya
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common types of oral cancer, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. OSCC is typically treated with a multidisciplinary approach that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation after a definitive oral cancer diagnosis. Conventional chemotherapy drugs, on the other hand, maybe ineffective and have a variety of side effects. Many techniques for treating and diagnosing various types of oral cancer have been proven and approved, while others are currently being researched in clinical trials. This mini review aimed to explain the current preclinical status of nano-based techniques for diagnosing and treating OSCC successfully. This mini compilation also highlights new theranostics approaches for treating squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancer biomarker detection has also been improved thanks to nanotechnology, which has made it faster and more sensitive. Various nanoparticles have been used as innovation drivers to overcome these constraints and enhance in-situ drug delivery.
{"title":"Theranostics and nanoparticular approaches for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Sankha Bhattacharya","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220511114831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220511114831","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common types of oral cancer, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. OSCC is typically treated with a multidisciplinary approach that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation after a definitive oral cancer diagnosis. Conventional chemotherapy drugs, on the other hand, maybe ineffective and have a variety of side effects. Many techniques for treating and diagnosing various types of oral cancer have been proven and approved, while others are currently being researched in clinical trials. This mini review aimed to explain the current preclinical status of nano-based techniques for diagnosing and treating OSCC successfully. This mini compilation also highlights new theranostics approaches for treating squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancer biomarker detection has also been improved thanks to nanotechnology, which has made it faster and more sensitive. Various nanoparticles have been used as innovation drivers to overcome these constraints and enhance in-situ drug delivery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48062972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-11DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220511115638
Sankha Bhattacharya
Oncolytic viruses replicate and spread in tumors at the same time, resulting in increased cytotoxicity and the reversal of tumor immune suppression. Among other viruses, recombinant adenoviruses that replicated in tumor cells were clinically tested via intratumoral or systemic administration. Although oncolytic virus replication kills tumor cells on its own, it may also activate the immune system, which can aid in tumor control. Viruses can be modified to improve their selectivity and effectiveness. Adenovirus genomes can be easily designed to incorporate various tumor-targeting pathways and therapeutic transgenes to improve antitumor properties. Poor tumor targeting, intratumoral expansion, and virocentric immune responses are all linked to low efficacy. As a result, more effective oncolytic adenoviruses that can be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy are needed. Oncolytic Adenovirus (OAds) has long been considered a potential biotherapeutic agent against various cancers due to its ability to replicate cancer cells while remaining dormant in healthy cells selectively. Several preclinical studies using genetic engineering technology have increased antitumor OAds in various cancers in recent years. Systemic OAds administration is hampered by poor targeting tropism to healthy tissues, low-level ad receptors on tumor cells, and pre-existing neutralizing antibodies. Various discoveries have been made to overcome these barriers, including stem cells, nanoparticles, polymer shielding, extracellular vesicles, hydrogels, and microparticles (MPs). These carriers may improve Oncolytic viruses’ therapeutic efficacy by improving transfection, circulatory survival, cellular interactions, specific targeting, and immune response. The structure and biology of adenoviruses, the different types of OAds, and the efficacy of different carriers in the systemic administration of OAds were all examined in this review.
{"title":"Current views on oncolytic adenoviruses for cancer therapy","authors":"Sankha Bhattacharya","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220511115638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220511115638","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Oncolytic viruses replicate and spread in tumors at the same time, resulting in increased cytotoxicity and the reversal of tumor immune suppression. Among other viruses, recombinant adenoviruses that replicated in tumor cells were clinically tested via intratumoral or systemic administration. Although oncolytic virus replication kills tumor cells on its own, it may also activate the immune system, which can aid in tumor control. Viruses can be modified to improve their selectivity and effectiveness. Adenovirus genomes can be easily designed to incorporate various tumor-targeting pathways and therapeutic transgenes to improve antitumor properties. Poor tumor targeting, intratumoral expansion, and virocentric immune responses are all linked to low efficacy. As a result, more effective oncolytic adenoviruses that can be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy are needed. Oncolytic Adenovirus (OAds) has long been considered a potential biotherapeutic agent against various cancers due to its ability to replicate cancer cells while remaining dormant in healthy cells selectively. Several preclinical studies using genetic engineering technology have increased antitumor OAds in various cancers in recent years. Systemic OAds administration is hampered by poor targeting tropism to healthy tissues, low-level ad receptors on tumor cells, and pre-existing neutralizing antibodies. Various discoveries have been made to overcome these barriers, including stem cells, nanoparticles, polymer shielding, extracellular vesicles, hydrogels, and microparticles (MPs). These carriers may improve Oncolytic viruses’ therapeutic efficacy by improving transfection, circulatory survival, cellular interactions, specific targeting, and immune response. The structure and biology of adenoviruses, the different types of OAds, and the efficacy of different carriers in the systemic administration of OAds were all examined in this review.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41333363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-08DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220508181053
Deepika Sharma, Manu Sharma, G. Bisht
Targeted drug delivery systems that selectively deliver anticancer drugs to tumour cells have always been a field of interest to reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients. Cancer cells require nutrients for their multiplication; folic acid is one such nutrient. Expression of folate receptors is negligible in normal cells, whereas they are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells. A number of studies have shown that selective targeting of folate receptors in cancer is a beneficial approach, as folate targeted anticancer conjugates are selective towards cancer cells, thereby sparing non-cancerous cells. In this review, we have discussed folate receptor, folic acid as a cancer targeting moiety, different folate targeted anticancer drug conjugates, and different folate conjugated nanodelivery systems. This summarized information may turn out to be valuable for researchers to design novel folate targeted anticancer drug delivery systems having the potential to reduce the drawbacks associated with conventional cancer therapeutics.
{"title":"Recent Updates on Folate Targeted Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer: A Mini Review","authors":"Deepika Sharma, Manu Sharma, G. Bisht","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220508181053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220508181053","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Targeted drug delivery systems that selectively deliver anticancer drugs to tumour cells have always been a field of interest to reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients. Cancer cells require nutrients for their multiplication; folic acid is one such nutrient. Expression of folate receptors is negligible in normal cells, whereas they are overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells. A number of studies have shown that selective targeting of folate receptors in cancer is a beneficial approach, as folate targeted anticancer conjugates are selective towards cancer cells, thereby sparing non-cancerous cells. In this review, we have discussed folate receptor, folic acid as a cancer targeting moiety, different folate targeted anticancer drug conjugates, and different folate conjugated nanodelivery systems. This summarized information may turn out to be valuable for researchers to design novel folate targeted anticancer drug delivery systems having the potential to reduce the drawbacks associated with conventional cancer therapeutics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68089392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220428105301
S. Azadbakht, P. Baharvand, M. Saki, Alireza Moayyedkazemi
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent cancers in the world, whereas is ranked as the 4th most prevalent cancer and the second important reason of cancer death. Regrettably, GC is often diagnosed at a progressive phase; whereas the majority of patients are not having qualification for the remedial therapies in this stage. In addition, existing systemic chemotherapy exhibit the low efficiency and minimum survival profits. Now, GC therapy is multidisciplinary, and multiple option strategies are well-known; therefore, the present study reviewed the new insight into chemotherapy agents and various alternative and complementary strategies such as neoadjuvant &Adjuvant therapy, nanotherapy, natural medicines, etc. which are suggested for GC treatment. Moreover, we reviewed the current surgery techniques such as endoscopic resection, laparoscopic resection. We also summarized new insights into pathophysiology, epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and screening approaches in the GC.
{"title":"Gastric Cancer: A review of risk factors and new insights into treatment","authors":"S. Azadbakht, P. Baharvand, M. Saki, Alireza Moayyedkazemi","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220428105301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220428105301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent cancers in the world, whereas is ranked as the 4th most prevalent cancer and the second important reason of cancer death. Regrettably, GC is often diagnosed at a progressive phase; whereas the majority of patients are not having qualification for the remedial therapies in this stage. In addition, existing systemic chemotherapy exhibit the low efficiency and minimum survival profits. Now, GC therapy is multidisciplinary, and multiple option strategies are well-known; therefore, the present study reviewed the new insight into chemotherapy agents and various alternative and complementary strategies such as neoadjuvant &Adjuvant therapy, nanotherapy, natural medicines, etc. which are suggested for GC treatment. Moreover, we reviewed the current surgery techniques such as endoscopic resection, laparoscopic resection. We also summarized new insights into pathophysiology, epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and screening approaches in the GC.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45898963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220428120818
C. Papadopoulos
Erythrocyte could reach the tumor microenvironment after hemorrhage. Previous studies have proved that intratumor erythrocytes promote tumor cell proliferation and growth, while inducing an immunosuppressive state. In this viewpoint, i propose that a metabolite-induced immunosuppressive function of red blood cells could be triggered in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, the presence of erythrocytes in a microenvironment with low glucose and glutamine, high cholesterol, lactate and lysophosphatidic acid, and inducers of erythrocyte death, could result in immunosuppression.
{"title":"Immunosuppressive function of intratumor red blood cells: An immunometabolic perspective","authors":"C. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220428120818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220428120818","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Erythrocyte could reach the tumor microenvironment after hemorrhage. Previous studies have proved that intratumor erythrocytes promote tumor cell proliferation and growth, while inducing an immunosuppressive state. In this viewpoint, i propose that a metabolite-induced immunosuppressive function of red blood cells could be triggered in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, the presence of erythrocytes in a microenvironment with low glucose and glutamine, high cholesterol, lactate and lysophosphatidic acid, and inducers of erythrocyte death, could result in immunosuppression.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44662468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220421111546
Ganesh S. Mhaske, A. Sen, Ashish P. Shah, R. Khiste, Ajit V. Dale, D. Sen
Several computer-aided drug design (CADD)methods enable the design and development of novel chemical entities.Structure-based drug design (SBDD) and the knowledge of in silico methods enable the visualization of the binding process of ligands to targets and to predict the key binding pocket sites and affinity of ligands to their target macromolecules. The present study was carried out to identify novel N-2-amino-N-phenyl quinoline-3-carboxamide (AQCMs)derivatives targeting Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) to cure cancer using in silico approach. AQCMswere designed by using ChemAxon Marvin Sketch 5.11.5 software. SwissADME and admetSAR online webserver were used to predict physicochemical properties as well as the toxicity of compounds. Ligand-receptor interactions between quinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives with the target receptor (PDB:5GRN) were carried out using molecular docking technique by employing various softwares like AutoDock 1.1.2, MGL Tools 1.5.6, Discovery Studio Visualizer v20.1.0.19295, Procheck, ProtParam tool, and PyMOL. In silicoresults reveal that all designed compounds had acceptable pharmacokinetic properties, were found to be orally bioavailable, and less harmful. Molecules from 36 to 39 showed better docking scores as compared to standard drugs sunitinib and tasquinimod. Increase in binding energy and the number of H-bonds established by AQCMs with below 3.40 Å distance interactions allows a valuable starting point in order to optimize compounds for further investigation. Pharmacokinetics and toxicological profile build up the applicability of quinoline-3-carboxamide moiety as a potential new candidate for the cure of cancer that could help the medicinal chemists for additional extensive in vitro, in vivo chemical, and pharmacological investigations.
{"title":"In Silico Identification of Novel Quinoline-3-carboxamide Derivatives Targeting Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor","authors":"Ganesh S. Mhaske, A. Sen, Ashish P. Shah, R. Khiste, Ajit V. Dale, D. Sen","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220421111546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220421111546","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Several computer-aided drug design (CADD)methods enable the design and development of novel chemical entities.Structure-based drug design (SBDD) and the knowledge of in silico methods enable the visualization of the binding process of ligands to targets and to predict the key binding pocket sites and affinity of ligands to their target macromolecules.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study was carried out to identify novel N-2-amino-N-phenyl quinoline-3-carboxamide (AQCMs)derivatives targeting Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) to cure cancer using in silico approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000AQCMswere designed by using ChemAxon Marvin Sketch 5.11.5 software. SwissADME and admetSAR online webserver were used to predict physicochemical properties as well as the toxicity of compounds. Ligand-receptor interactions between quinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives with the target receptor (PDB:5GRN) were carried out using molecular docking technique by employing various softwares like AutoDock 1.1.2, MGL Tools 1.5.6, Discovery Studio Visualizer v20.1.0.19295, Procheck, ProtParam tool, and PyMOL.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In silicoresults reveal that all designed compounds had acceptable pharmacokinetic properties, were found to be orally bioavailable, and less harmful. Molecules from 36 to 39 showed better docking scores as compared to standard drugs sunitinib and tasquinimod.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Increase in binding energy and the number of H-bonds established by AQCMs with below 3.40 Å distance interactions allows a valuable starting point in order to optimize compounds for further investigation. Pharmacokinetics and toxicological profile build up the applicability of quinoline-3-carboxamide moiety as a potential new candidate for the cure of cancer that could help the medicinal chemists for additional extensive in vitro, in vivo chemical, and pharmacological investigations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44475115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.2174/1573394718666220421112750
D. Mandal, T. Parija
Despite remarkable advancement in screening, diagnosis, and treatment modalities cancer remains the second leading cause of death globally. Chemoprevention is considered to be a potential strategy for dealing with cancer incidence and mortality. The present demand for a less toxic well-tolerated natural anticancer compound that can be used for chemoprevention has drawn the attention towards D-limonene, which is a monocyclic monoterpene found in citrus oil. In recent years several in vitro and in vivo studies have supported the anticancer potential of D-limonene in various cancers. Although these studies have highlighted its course of action through immune modulation, anti-oxidant activity, apoptosis, autophagy, etc. various scientific pieces of evidence support the fact that it targets multiple pathways to inhibit cancer. The current review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of D-limonene and discusses its potential to be used as a cost-effective chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drug alone or in combination with other drugs. Scientific databases like Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, PubMed Central etc have been used to review new and recent insights into the anticancer mechanism of D-limonene. In this review, we discussed the overall, significance of the anticancer mechanisms of D-limonene which include modulation of apoptosis, promotion of autophagy and inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. It also inhibits oncogenic signaling molecules and related transcription factors. Additionally, it also acts in combination with other anticancer compounds to inhibit cancer.
尽管在筛查、诊断和治疗方式方面取得了显著进展，但癌症仍然是全球第二大死亡原因。化学预防被认为是应对癌症发病率和死亡率的一种潜在策略。目前对毒性较小、耐受性良好、可用于化学预防的天然抗癌化合物的需求引起了人们对D-柠檬烯的关注，D-柠檬烯是一种在柑橘油中发现的单环单萜。近年来，几项体外和体内研究支持了D-柠檬烯在各种癌症中的抗癌潜力。尽管这些研究强调了它通过免疫调节、抗氧化活性、细胞凋亡、自噬等作用的过程，但各种科学证据支持它靶向多种途径抑制癌症的事实。目前的综述集中在D-柠檬烯抗癌活性的分子机制上，并讨论了其作为一种具有成本效益的化学预防和化疗药物单独或与其他药物联合使用的潜力。科学数据库，如Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed、Google Scholar和PubMed Central等，已被用于综述对D-柠檬烯抗癌机制的最新见解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了D-柠檬烯抗癌机制的总体意义，包括调节细胞凋亡、促进自噬以及抑制血管生成和转移。它还抑制致癌信号分子和相关转录因子。此外，它还与其他抗癌化合物联合作用以抑制癌症。
{"title":"Anticancer Mechanism of D-limonene: An Updated Review and Therapeutic Possibilities","authors":"D. Mandal, T. Parija","doi":"10.2174/1573394718666220421112750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394718666220421112750","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Despite remarkable advancement in screening, diagnosis, and treatment modalities cancer remains the second leading cause of death globally. Chemoprevention is considered to be a potential strategy for dealing with cancer incidence and mortality. The present demand for a less toxic well-tolerated natural anticancer compound that can be used for chemoprevention has drawn the attention towards D-limonene, which is a monocyclic monoterpene found in citrus oil. In recent years several in vitro and in vivo studies have supported the anticancer potential of D-limonene in various cancers. Although these studies have highlighted its course of action through immune modulation, anti-oxidant activity, apoptosis, autophagy, etc. various scientific pieces of evidence support the fact that it targets multiple pathways to inhibit cancer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of D-limonene and discusses its potential to be used as a cost-effective chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drug alone or in combination with other drugs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Scientific databases like Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, PubMed Central etc have been used to review new and recent insights into the anticancer mechanism of D-limonene.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this review, we discussed the overall, significance of the anticancer mechanisms of D-limonene which include modulation of apoptosis, promotion of autophagy and inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. It also inhibits oncogenic signaling molecules and related transcription factors. Additionally, it also acts in combination with other anticancer compounds to inhibit cancer.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43187812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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