Abstract: Cancer is one of the biggest threats to human health with a global incidence of 23.6 million, mortality of 10 million, and an estimated 250 million lost in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) each year. Moreover, the incidence, mortality, and DALYs have increased over the past decade by 26.3%, 20.9%, and 16.0%, respectively. Despite significant evolutions in medical therapy and advances in the DNA microarray, proteomics technology, and targeted therapies, anticancer drug resistance continues to be a growing concern and invites regular discovery of potent agents. One such agent is the microbe-producing bioactive compounds like Streptomyces, which are proving increasingly resourceful in anticancer therapy of the future. Streptomyces, especially the species living in extreme conditions, produce bioactive compounds with cytolytic and anti-oxidative activity which can be utilized for producing anticancer and chemo-preventive agents. The efficacy of the derived compounds has been proven on cell lines and some of these have already established clinical results. These compounds can potentially be utilized in the treatment of a variety of cancers including but not limited to colon, lung, breast, GI tract, cervix, and skin cancer. The Streptomyces, thus possess the armory to fuel the anticancer agents of the future and help address the problem of rising resistance to currently available anti-cancer drugs. We conducted a state-of-art review using electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar with an objective to appraise the currently available literature on Streptomyces as a source of anti-cancer agents and to compile the clinically significant literature to update the clinicians.
{"title":"Streptomyces Paradigm in Anticancer Therapy: A State-of-the Art Review","authors":"Yashendra Sethi, Vidhi Vora, Onyekachi Emmanuel Anyagwa, Nafisa Turabi, Maya Abdelwahab, Oroshay Kaiwan, Hitesh Chopra, Mohamed S. Attia, Galal Yahya, Talha Bin Emran, Inderbir Padda","doi":"10.2174/0115733947254550230920170230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947254550230920170230","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cancer is one of the biggest threats to human health with a global incidence of 23.6 million, mortality of 10 million, and an estimated 250 million lost in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) each year. Moreover, the incidence, mortality, and DALYs have increased over the past decade by 26.3%, 20.9%, and 16.0%, respectively. Despite significant evolutions in medical therapy and advances in the DNA microarray, proteomics technology, and targeted therapies, anticancer drug resistance continues to be a growing concern and invites regular discovery of potent agents. One such agent is the microbe-producing bioactive compounds like Streptomyces, which are proving increasingly resourceful in anticancer therapy of the future. Streptomyces, especially the species living in extreme conditions, produce bioactive compounds with cytolytic and anti-oxidative activity which can be utilized for producing anticancer and chemo-preventive agents. The efficacy of the derived compounds has been proven on cell lines and some of these have already established clinical results. These compounds can potentially be utilized in the treatment of a variety of cancers including but not limited to colon, lung, breast, GI tract, cervix, and skin cancer. The Streptomyces, thus possess the armory to fuel the anticancer agents of the future and help address the problem of rising resistance to currently available anti-cancer drugs. We conducted a state-of-art review using electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar with an objective to appraise the currently available literature on Streptomyces as a source of anti-cancer agents and to compile the clinically significant literature to update the clinicians.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136359920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.2174/0115733947253563230922092456
Mojgan Forootan, Mehdi Mohammadian Amiri, Mohammad Darvishi, Catherine MT Sherwin, Koruosh Ghanadi
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Objective: Considering the side effects of chemotherapy treatments, we reviewed the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of bromelain on colon cancer cells in this study. Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed in the design of this systematic review. Various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, were thoroughly searched. Finally, 14 articles were retrieved after considering the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. The desired data were extracted, entered into an Excel file, and the study results were reviewed. Results: According to the included studies, bromelain can significantly reduce the survival and death of cloned cancer cells through different mechanisms. These mechanisms include impeding tumor growth and metastasis by reducing mucins production/secretion and increasing/reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, bromelain induces apoptosis via reduced expression of Bcl-2, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), Akt, activation caspase system (caspase-3, 7, 8, and 9), and extranuclear p53. Ferroptosis was another mechanism of causing cell death. In addition, bromelain activates the autophagy pathway, lysosome formation, and deregulation of other autophagyrelated proteins. Conclusion: Bromelain effectively inhibits colon cancer cells' growth, proliferation, and metastasis and reduces their survival by different mechanisms. Therefore, after examining clinical studies, it can be used as an effective drug for treating CRC.
背景:结直肠癌(CRC)是世界范围内最常见的癌症之一。目的:结合化疗的副作用，综述菠萝蛋白酶对结肠癌细胞的抗癌作用及其机制。方法:本系统评价的设计遵循PRISMA指南。各种数据库，包括PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library和Scopus，都进行了彻底的搜索。在考虑纳入和排除标准后，最终检索到14篇文章。提取所需数据，输入Excel文件，并对研究结果进行审查。结果:纳入的研究表明，菠萝蛋白酶可通过不同机制显著降低克隆癌细胞的存活和死亡。这些机制包括通过减少粘蛋白的产生/分泌和增加/减少活性氧(ROS)的产生来阻碍肿瘤的生长和转移。此外，菠萝蛋白酶通过降低Bcl-2、细胞外信号相关激酶(ERK)、Akt、激活caspase系统(caspase-3、7、8和9)以及核外p53的表达诱导细胞凋亡。铁下垂是引起细胞死亡的另一机制。此外，菠萝蛋白酶激活自噬途径，溶酶体的形成，并解除其他自噬相关蛋白的调控。结论:菠萝蛋白酶通过不同机制有效抑制结肠癌细胞的生长、增殖和转移，降低结肠癌细胞的存活。因此，经过临床研究，它可以作为治疗结直肠癌的有效药物。
{"title":"The Therapeutic Effects of Bromelain against Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review","authors":"Mojgan Forootan, Mehdi Mohammadian Amiri, Mohammad Darvishi, Catherine MT Sherwin, Koruosh Ghanadi","doi":"10.2174/0115733947253563230922092456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947253563230922092456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Objective: Considering the side effects of chemotherapy treatments, we reviewed the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of bromelain on colon cancer cells in this study. Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed in the design of this systematic review. Various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, were thoroughly searched. Finally, 14 articles were retrieved after considering the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. The desired data were extracted, entered into an Excel file, and the study results were reviewed. Results: According to the included studies, bromelain can significantly reduce the survival and death of cloned cancer cells through different mechanisms. These mechanisms include impeding tumor growth and metastasis by reducing mucins production/secretion and increasing/reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, bromelain induces apoptosis via reduced expression of Bcl-2, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), Akt, activation caspase system (caspase-3, 7, 8, and 9), and extranuclear p53. Ferroptosis was another mechanism of causing cell death. In addition, bromelain activates the autophagy pathway, lysosome formation, and deregulation of other autophagyrelated proteins. Conclusion: Bromelain effectively inhibits colon cancer cells' growth, proliferation, and metastasis and reduces their survival by different mechanisms. Therefore, after examining clinical studies, it can be used as an effective drug for treating CRC.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136359921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.2174/0115733947249560231003111214
N. Fazulu Nisa Begum, Pratibha Ramani, Mukesh Doble, Abilasha Ramasubramanian
Significance of the study: The present study has attempted to assess Bcl2 the efficacy of combination of the Nigella sativa and Cuscuta reflexa to target BCL-2 for anticancer treatment through computer aided drug designing approach.Insilico analysis is frequently used in physicochemical characterisation, the discovery and improvement of novel compounds with affinity to a target, and the elucidation of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity features. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of Nigella sativa and Cuscuta reflexa in targeting Bcl2-antiapoptotic protein in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Insilico analysis. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed to formulate a drug against Oral Squamous cell carcinoma against the target protein Bcl-2. Protein Database (PDB) was used to select and analyse the protein. Based on the literature search, the original molecules selected were thymoquinone, tannin pyrogallol, Cuscutin, kaempferol, nigellicine and the ligand structures were obtained ZINC15 database. Target protein structure was recognised through Protein sequence from PB (Protein Data Bank). Swiss ADME was used for assessing the properties of the molecules. Twenty new molecules were identified from zinc pharmer and docking was done for all the 20 using Swiss dock. Binding energy was assessed and compared with the original molecules.ZINC73690300 and ZINC73690304 had better binding energy than that of original molecules. Both molecules can be potential candidates for Bcl2 inhibition to prevent OSCC. Results: ZINC73690300 and ZINC73690304 had better binding energy than that of the original molecules. Both molecules can be potential candidates for Bcl-2 inhibition to prevent OSCC. Conclusion: The present study evaluated the binding energy and bioavailability of the combined extract, thus attempting to predict the target ligand binding between the compounds in OSCC before attempting in vitro studies.-
研究意义:本研究试图通过计算机辅助药物设计的方法，评估黑皮草与菟丝子联合靶向BCL-2抗癌治疗的效果。硅分析经常用于物理化学表征，发现和改进与靶标有亲和力的新化合物，以及阐明吸收，分布，代谢，排泄和毒性特征。目的:通过Insilico分析，探讨黑草和菟丝子对口腔鳞状细胞癌bcl2抗凋亡蛋白的靶向作用。材料与方法:本研究旨在制备一种靶向Bcl-2的口腔鳞癌药物。利用蛋白质数据库(Protein Database, PDB)对蛋白质进行筛选和分析。通过文献检索，筛选出的原始分子为百里醌、单宁、邻苯三酚、山核桃素、山奈酚、奈格利啶，并获得配体结构的ZINC15数据库。通过PB (protein Data Bank)的蛋白序列识别靶蛋白结构。瑞士ADME用于评估分子的性质。从锌农中鉴定出20个新分子，并利用瑞士对接对其进行对接。评估结合能，并与原始分子进行比较。ZINC73690300和ZINC73690304具有较好的结合能。这两种分子都可能是抑制Bcl2以预防OSCC的潜在候选分子。结果:ZINC73690300和ZINC73690304具有较好的结合能。这两种分子都可能是抑制Bcl-2以预防OSCC的潜在候选分子。结论:本研究评估了联合提取物的结合能和生物利用度，从而尝试在体外研究之前预测化合物在OSCC中的靶配体结合
{"title":"Identification of Potential Lead Compounds against BCL-2 through in-silico Screening of Phytochemicals of Nigella sativa and Cuscuta reflexa for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Management","authors":"N. Fazulu Nisa Begum, Pratibha Ramani, Mukesh Doble, Abilasha Ramasubramanian","doi":"10.2174/0115733947249560231003111214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947249560231003111214","url":null,"abstract":"Significance of the study: The present study has attempted to assess Bcl2 the efficacy of combination of the Nigella sativa and Cuscuta reflexa to target BCL-2 for anticancer treatment through computer aided drug designing approach.Insilico analysis is frequently used in physicochemical characterisation, the discovery and improvement of novel compounds with affinity to a target, and the elucidation of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity features. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of Nigella sativa and Cuscuta reflexa in targeting Bcl2-antiapoptotic protein in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Insilico analysis. Materials and Methods: The present study was designed to formulate a drug against Oral Squamous cell carcinoma against the target protein Bcl-2. Protein Database (PDB) was used to select and analyse the protein. Based on the literature search, the original molecules selected were thymoquinone, tannin pyrogallol, Cuscutin, kaempferol, nigellicine and the ligand structures were obtained ZINC15 database. Target protein structure was recognised through Protein sequence from PB (Protein Data Bank). Swiss ADME was used for assessing the properties of the molecules. Twenty new molecules were identified from zinc pharmer and docking was done for all the 20 using Swiss dock. Binding energy was assessed and compared with the original molecules.ZINC73690300 and ZINC73690304 had better binding energy than that of original molecules. Both molecules can be potential candidates for Bcl2 inhibition to prevent OSCC. Results: ZINC73690300 and ZINC73690304 had better binding energy than that of the original molecules. Both molecules can be potential candidates for Bcl-2 inhibition to prevent OSCC. Conclusion: The present study evaluated the binding energy and bioavailability of the combined extract, thus attempting to predict the target ligand binding between the compounds in OSCC before attempting in vitro studies.-","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"58 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136358494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From ancient times until now, scientists have focused on herbal medicaments for treating various diseases. Rottlerin, a potent PKCδ inhibitor, is one of the greatest herbal medications. Over the years, it was identified that rottlerin has several cellular and molecular targets that could be involved in the fight against cancer. The past and present research has clearly shown that rottlerin inhibits the transcription factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules that regulate the death and life of cancer cells. Although the anticancer property of rottlerin has primarily been attributed to the induction of autophagy and apoptosis, current research has revealed the existence of different damage pathways. The major part described in this mini-review is the antitumor/anticancer effects of rottlerin in various organs of the human body affected by breast cancer, pancreatic cell cancer, bladder cancer, NSCLC, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, etc.
{"title":"Narrative Testimony and Characteristics of Rottlerin for the Treatment of Various Kinds of Cancer","authors":"Lopamudra Mishra, Lakshmi Kumari, Preeti Patel, Amrita Singh, Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.2174/0115733947244863230928095352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947244863230928095352","url":null,"abstract":"From ancient times until now, scientists have focused on herbal medicaments for treating various diseases. Rottlerin, a potent PKCδ inhibitor, is one of the greatest herbal medications. Over the years, it was identified that rottlerin has several cellular and molecular targets that could be involved in the fight against cancer. The past and present research has clearly shown that rottlerin inhibits the transcription factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules that regulate the death and life of cancer cells. Although the anticancer property of rottlerin has primarily been attributed to the induction of autophagy and apoptosis, current research has revealed the existence of different damage pathways. The major part described in this mini-review is the antitumor/anticancer effects of rottlerin in various organs of the human body affected by breast cancer, pancreatic cell cancer, bladder cancer, NSCLC, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, etc.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment of cancer patients who take a photosensitizer and expose their tumours to light after administering it topically or intravenously. Understanding apoptosis under oxidative conditions makes PDT a more effective treatment. Tissue oxygen, tumour-selective photosensitizer dyes, and customised lighting are needed to create fatal reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer. PDT has decreased morbidity and improved survival and status of life when used in combination with other treatments, especially in early-stage malignant tumours. Using interstitial light delivery, PDT can cure large, hidden tumours that would otherwise necessitate extensive surgery. This overview describes the foundational historical work that has shaped the technique since the early 1900s. PDT's efficacy is also increased by innovative photosensitizers and tweaks that increase tumour selectivity. Adverse effects and treatment during therapy, as well as innovative PDT-based applications, are explored in this review. Finally, PDT research gaps and clinical trials have been identified as potential issues.
{"title":"A Systemic Review on Photodynamic Therapy: Emerging Technology with Healing Process","authors":"Prachi varshney, Yogesh Kumar, Devdhar Yadav, Amit Singh, Naga Rani Kagithala, Pramod Kumar Sharma, Omji Porwal, Neeraj Kumar Fuloria, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, Ashok Kumar Gupta, GSN Koteswara Rao","doi":"10.2174/0115733947263042230920040145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947263042230920040145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment of cancer patients who take a photosensitizer and expose their tumours to light after administering it topically or intravenously. Understanding apoptosis under oxidative conditions makes PDT a more effective treatment. Tissue oxygen, tumour-selective photosensitizer dyes, and customised lighting are needed to create fatal reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer. PDT has decreased morbidity and improved survival and status of life when used in combination with other treatments, especially in early-stage malignant tumours. Using interstitial light delivery, PDT can cure large, hidden tumours that would otherwise necessitate extensive surgery. This overview describes the foundational historical work that has shaped the technique since the early 1900s. PDT's efficacy is also increased by innovative photosensitizers and tweaks that increase tumour selectivity. Adverse effects and treatment during therapy, as well as innovative PDT-based applications, are explored in this review. Finally, PDT research gaps and clinical trials have been identified as potential issues.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.2174/0115733947250534230922051549
Gupta Swati Sanjay kumar
Background: Lung cancer is the second most lethal type of cancer, with a poor survival rate of 5 years. It is one of those malignant tumors that has grown most rapidly in the context of mortality and morbidity. Aim: This review article aims to provide insight into current nanotechnological approaches taken into consideration that provide advantages over conventional chemotherapy. Result and Discussion: After comparing conventional chemotherapy and nanotechnology-based therapies for lung cancer, the results showed that recent advances in nanomaterials proved to be more effective in lung cancer diagnosis, mitigation and treatment. Here, Surface-engineered smart nanocarrier-based inhalations, Bio-nanocarriers for lung cancer, gas plasma nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles are discussed. Conclusion: After summarizing these nanomaterials, investigators concluded that the in-vivo and invitro effectiveness of recently developed nanoparticles was found to be better than that of conventional nanoparticles.
{"title":"Targeted Treatment of Lung Cancer using Nanomaterials: Prospective and Advances","authors":"Gupta Swati Sanjay kumar","doi":"10.2174/0115733947250534230922051549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733947250534230922051549","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer is the second most lethal type of cancer, with a poor survival rate of 5 years. It is one of those malignant tumors that has grown most rapidly in the context of mortality and morbidity. Aim: This review article aims to provide insight into current nanotechnological approaches taken into consideration that provide advantages over conventional chemotherapy. Result and Discussion: After comparing conventional chemotherapy and nanotechnology-based therapies for lung cancer, the results showed that recent advances in nanomaterials proved to be more effective in lung cancer diagnosis, mitigation and treatment. Here, Surface-engineered smart nanocarrier-based inhalations, Bio-nanocarriers for lung cancer, gas plasma nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles are discussed. Conclusion: After summarizing these nanomaterials, investigators concluded that the in-vivo and invitro effectiveness of recently developed nanoparticles was found to be better than that of conventional nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.2174/1573394719666230915103139
Abolfazl Khalafi-Nezhad, Ahmad Abdollahi, Mahdi Barazesh, Marzieh Amani, Setare Motazedi, Vahid Ebrahimi, Ali Zarei
Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules with short sequences that function as main post-transcriptional gene regulators of different biological pathways via negative regulation of gene expression, thereby leading to either mRNA degradation or translational blockade. Dysregulated expression of these miRNAs has been related etiologically to many human diseases, including breast cancer. Various cellular processes of breast cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, recurrence and chemodrug resistance, are modulated by oncogenic miRNA (oncomiR). Objective: The objective of this investigation was to study the expression level and potential diagnostic/prognostic roles of circulating microRNAs (miR-3183, miR-1185, and miR-584) as novel breast cancer biomarkers. Method: The current study was conducted on 99 breast cancer (BC) female patients, aged between 20-63 years old, as the case group and 50 age-matched healthy females as control (HC). After microRNA extraction from the serum samples, real-time PCR was carried out for relative expression quantification of miR-1185, miR-3183a, and miR-584. The ROC curve analysis was performed to investigate the diagnostic value of miRNAs. Result: It was demonstrated that miRNA-1185, miRNA-584, and miRNA-3183 were significantly up-regulated (p-values <0.0001) in female BC cases compared to the control group. Besides, based on the ROC analysis for BC versus HC, it was revealed that the AUC for miRNA-584 was 0.844 (95% confidence interval (CI) and could be proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer screening and follow-up. Conclusion: MiRNAs expression profiling using blood-based samples demonstrated their upregulation in the serum and plasma and revealed the concept that circulating miRNAs have high potential as novel noninvasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and screening.
{"title":"Circulating MiR-1185¸ MiR-3183, and MiR-584 Levels in Plasma as Diagnostic Non-invasive Biomarkers for Early Detection of Breast Cancer","authors":"Abolfazl Khalafi-Nezhad, Ahmad Abdollahi, Mahdi Barazesh, Marzieh Amani, Setare Motazedi, Vahid Ebrahimi, Ali Zarei","doi":"10.2174/1573394719666230915103139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394719666230915103139","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules with short sequences that function as main post-transcriptional gene regulators of different biological pathways via negative regulation of gene expression, thereby leading to either mRNA degradation or translational blockade. Dysregulated expression of these miRNAs has been related etiologically to many human diseases, including breast cancer. Various cellular processes of breast cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, recurrence and chemodrug resistance, are modulated by oncogenic miRNA (oncomiR). Objective: The objective of this investigation was to study the expression level and potential diagnostic/prognostic roles of circulating microRNAs (miR-3183, miR-1185, and miR-584) as novel breast cancer biomarkers. Method: The current study was conducted on 99 breast cancer (BC) female patients, aged between 20-63 years old, as the case group and 50 age-matched healthy females as control (HC). After microRNA extraction from the serum samples, real-time PCR was carried out for relative expression quantification of miR-1185, miR-3183a, and miR-584. The ROC curve analysis was performed to investigate the diagnostic value of miRNAs. Result: It was demonstrated that miRNA-1185, miRNA-584, and miRNA-3183 were significantly up-regulated (p-values <0.0001) in female BC cases compared to the control group. Besides, based on the ROC analysis for BC versus HC, it was revealed that the AUC for miRNA-584 was 0.844 (95% confidence interval (CI) and could be proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer screening and follow-up. Conclusion: MiRNAs expression profiling using blood-based samples demonstrated their upregulation in the serum and plasma and revealed the concept that circulating miRNAs have high potential as novel noninvasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and screening.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.2174/1573394719666230914103330
Asokan Shobana, Remella Venkata Deeksha, Syed Ali Abdul Rahman, Tiviya Thangaswamy, Revathi Paramasivam Oviya, Gopisetty Gopal
Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11), also known as stromelysin-3, is a member of the matrix metalloproteinases family of proteins that are involved in physiological and pathological extracellular matrix remodelling. MMP11 does not hydrolyse classical MMP substrates, such as laminin and fibronectin, and many of its substrates remain unknown, piquing the interest of researchers. Several studies have reported the role of MMP11 in inducing tumour growth by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cancer cell migration and invasion. Various reports have shown its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in a majority of cancers. MMP11 also induces an immune response as a tumour-associated antigen, and recent evidence shows the involvement of many microRNAs in targeting MMP11 in cancer, with prospective future applications in cancer immunotherapy and gene silencing. Owing to the importance of MMP11 in both cancer diagnosis and therapy, there is a need for deeper understanding of its mechanism and role in tumour progression. The current review focuses on the role of MMP11 in cell signalling pathways, its expression status in various cancers, and its potential in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Current perspectives of matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for cancer","authors":"Asokan Shobana, Remella Venkata Deeksha, Syed Ali Abdul Rahman, Tiviya Thangaswamy, Revathi Paramasivam Oviya, Gopisetty Gopal","doi":"10.2174/1573394719666230914103330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394719666230914103330","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11), also known as stromelysin-3, is a member of the matrix metalloproteinases family of proteins that are involved in physiological and pathological extracellular matrix remodelling. MMP11 does not hydrolyse classical MMP substrates, such as laminin and fibronectin, and many of its substrates remain unknown, piquing the interest of researchers. Several studies have reported the role of MMP11 in inducing tumour growth by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cancer cell migration and invasion. Various reports have shown its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in a majority of cancers. MMP11 also induces an immune response as a tumour-associated antigen, and recent evidence shows the involvement of many microRNAs in targeting MMP11 in cancer, with prospective future applications in cancer immunotherapy and gene silencing. Owing to the importance of MMP11 in both cancer diagnosis and therapy, there is a need for deeper understanding of its mechanism and role in tumour progression. The current review focuses on the role of MMP11 in cell signalling pathways, its expression status in various cancers, and its potential in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134970676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Cancer biomarkers or tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are the focus area of current research in cancer biology for diagnosis, prognosis, screening, and targeted treatments. Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer, affecting women more than men. Conventional methods and antibody-targeted therapies are less effective and suffer systemic cytotoxicity, poor tissue sensitivity, low penetration capacity, and reduced accumulation of the drug in tumor cells that limit its application and sometimes result in treatment failure. Opting for aptamer-mediated targeted delivery of various anti-cancer agents (drugs, siRNA, miRNA, shRNA and peptides) could possibly overcome these limitations by utilizing aptamer as a targeting ligand. The purpose of this article is to review the novel indicative biomarkers of breast cancer and also describe current applications of aptamer-guided active targeting systems in breast cancer therapy in vivo and in vitro.
{"title":"Aptamer-guided Selective Delivery of Therapeutics to Breast Cancer Cells Expressing Specific Biomarkers","authors":"Swaroop Kumar Pandey, Mradula Parul, Manikandan Santhanam","doi":"10.2174/1573394719666230911113126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394719666230911113126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cancer biomarkers or tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are the focus area of current research in cancer biology for diagnosis, prognosis, screening, and targeted treatments. Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer, affecting women more than men. Conventional methods and antibody-targeted therapies are less effective and suffer systemic cytotoxicity, poor tissue sensitivity, low penetration capacity, and reduced accumulation of the drug in tumor cells that limit its application and sometimes result in treatment failure. Opting for aptamer-mediated targeted delivery of various anti-cancer agents (drugs, siRNA, miRNA, shRNA and peptides) could possibly overcome these limitations by utilizing aptamer as a targeting ligand. The purpose of this article is to review the novel indicative biomarkers of breast cancer and also describe current applications of aptamer-guided active targeting systems in breast cancer therapy in vivo and in vitro.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The study aimed to comprehend the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer with an emphasis on the advances in treatment options and the use of natural products as anticancer agents. Methods: The study involved a literature survey using PubMed, Web of Science and Google scholar database. The literature search was done using keywords “Pancreatic cancer”, “Chemotherapy”, “Mutations”, and “Natural compounds”. 266 articles were studied of which 201 were taken into consideration based on relevance to the topic. Results: Pancreatic cancer is associated with mutations of CDKN2A (encoding p16), KRAS, TP53 and SMAD4. MAPK, PI3K-AKT, and TGF- β pathway dysfunction also led to pancreatic cancer. Current clinical trial activities in pancreatic cancer target angiogenesis, surface receptors, cell cycle, DNA damage response, etc. Studies have shown that combining surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy increases survival rates in patients. New treatment options are on the rise for this cancer type, which is perioperative or neo-adjuvant therapy. Gemcitabine as a single treatment agent in pancreatic cancer has shown promising response with chemotherapy regimens using two combinations- Folfirinox and Gemcitabine/Nab-Paclitaxel giving a better response rate. Numerous natural substances, including curcumin, aloe vera, and taxol, which suppress oxidative stress, angiogenesis, JAK2 STAT3 pathways, and enhanced natural killer cell activity, have been explored as potential treatments for pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: With pancreatic cancer having a poor prognosis, investigations to comprehend its molecular underpinnings and research on natural chemicals could lead to the development of safer treatment alternatives with enhanced survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients.
目的:本研究旨在了解胰腺癌的分子机制和病理生理，重点介绍治疗方案的进展和天然产物作为抗癌药物的使用。方法:采用PubMed、Web of Science和Google scholar数据库进行文献调查。使用关键词“胰腺癌”、“化疗”、“突变”和“天然化合物”进行文献检索。研究了266篇文章，其中201篇根据与主题的相关性予以考虑。结果:胰腺癌与CDKN2A(编码p16)、KRAS、TP53和SMAD4基因突变有关。MAPK、PI3K-AKT和TGF- β通路功能障碍也可导致胰腺癌。目前胰腺癌的临床试验活动针对血管生成、表面受体、细胞周期、DNA损伤反应等。研究表明，手术切除联合辅助化疗可提高患者的生存率。这种癌症的新治疗选择正在增加，即围手术期或新辅助治疗。吉西他滨作为胰腺癌的单一治疗药物，在使用两种联合化疗方案(Folfirinox和吉西他滨/ nab -紫杉醇)时显示出有希望的反应，反应率更高。许多天然物质，包括姜黄素、芦荟和紫杉醇，可以抑制氧化应激、血管生成、JAK2 STAT3通路和增强自然杀伤细胞活性，已被探索作为胰腺癌的潜在治疗方法。结论:胰腺癌预后不良，对其分子基础的研究和对天然化学物质的研究可能会导致胰腺癌患者开发更安全的治疗方案，提高生存率。
{"title":"Pancreatic cancer: A review on pathophysiology, naturopathy, clinical treatment and outcomes","authors":"Rituraj Chakraborty, Anupam Dutta, Bhargab Jyoti Baruah, Rajni Kumari, Priyanku Sarma, Ankita Sharma, Krishangi Goswami, Haritha Myakala, Akalesh Kumar Verma","doi":"10.2174/1573394719666230830125213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573394719666230830125213","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to comprehend the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer with an emphasis on the advances in treatment options and the use of natural products as anticancer agents. Methods: The study involved a literature survey using PubMed, Web of Science and Google scholar database. The literature search was done using keywords “Pancreatic cancer”, “Chemotherapy”, “Mutations”, and “Natural compounds”. 266 articles were studied of which 201 were taken into consideration based on relevance to the topic. Results: Pancreatic cancer is associated with mutations of CDKN2A (encoding p16), KRAS, TP53 and SMAD4. MAPK, PI3K-AKT, and TGF- β pathway dysfunction also led to pancreatic cancer. Current clinical trial activities in pancreatic cancer target angiogenesis, surface receptors, cell cycle, DNA damage response, etc. Studies have shown that combining surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy increases survival rates in patients. New treatment options are on the rise for this cancer type, which is perioperative or neo-adjuvant therapy. Gemcitabine as a single treatment agent in pancreatic cancer has shown promising response with chemotherapy regimens using two combinations- Folfirinox and Gemcitabine/Nab-Paclitaxel giving a better response rate. Numerous natural substances, including curcumin, aloe vera, and taxol, which suppress oxidative stress, angiogenesis, JAK2 STAT3 pathways, and enhanced natural killer cell activity, have been explored as potential treatments for pancreatic cancer. Conclusions: With pancreatic cancer having a poor prognosis, investigations to comprehend its molecular underpinnings and research on natural chemicals could lead to the development of safer treatment alternatives with enhanced survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":43754,"journal":{"name":"Current Cancer Therapy Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136143248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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