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MNCs and Cross-Border Strategic Management 跨国公司与跨国战略管理
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190090883.003.0017
D. Westney
This chapter focuses on the strategic management of established multinational corporations (MNCs) that operate across multiple locations and how they have addressed the core strategic challenges of how to organize and manage geographically distributed locations. The chapter summarizes the conceptual foundations of MNC strategic management: the global integration / local responsiveness (GI/LR) framework, MNC capabilities for innovation and cross-border learning, the network model of the MNC, and the process approach. This chapter briefly surveys recent research trajectories, including subsidiary management, the role of headquarters, typologies of MNCs, and research on people and processes. Then the chapter identifies questions for future research in terms of four arenas: the changing balance of global integration and local responsiveness, managing regional strategies, cross-border learning in an era of growing resistance to globalization, and MNC responses to global external challenges of climate change and the threat of pandemics.
本章重点介绍跨国公司(MNCs)在多个地点运营的战略管理,以及他们如何解决如何组织和管理地理分布地点的核心战略挑战。本章总结了跨国公司战略管理的概念基础:全球整合/本地响应(GI/LR)框架、跨国公司创新和跨界学习的能力、跨国公司的网络模型和过程方法。本章简要概述了最近的研究轨迹,包括子公司管理、总部的作用、跨国公司的类型以及对人员和流程的研究。然后,本章从四个领域确定了未来研究的问题:全球一体化与地方响应能力之间不断变化的平衡、管理区域战略、在日益抵制全球化的时代跨界学习、跨国公司对气候变化和流行病威胁等全球外部挑战的应对。
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引用次数: 4
Emerging Economies: The Impact of Context on Global Strategic Management 新兴经济体:背景对全球战略管理的影响
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190090883.003.0018
Peter J. Williamson, J. Santos
This chapter begins by exploring what defines emerging economies based on how they are different from the viewpoint of strategy making. Then the chapter turns to examine the strategies adopted by leading domestic firms in emerging economies and emerging market multinationals, highlighting their potential for market disruption and the implications for the study and practice of global strategic management. Acknowledging the growing importance of emerging economies in the global economy, the chapter explores the implications of the emerging economies context for the strategies of multinationals from developed economies. The chapter concludes by proposing avenues for future research on how emerging economies impact global strategic management, including the need to recognize that they are complex dynamic systems with rising economic complexity that demand new types of dynamic capabilities and innovative sources of competitive advantage to enable success.
本章首先从战略制定的角度探讨新兴经济体的不同之处。然后,本章转而研究新兴经济体和新兴市场跨国公司中领先的国内公司所采用的战略,强调其潜在的市场破坏以及对全球战略管理研究和实践的影响。鉴于新兴经济体在全球经济中日益增长的重要性,本章探讨了新兴经济体背景对发达经济体跨国公司战略的影响。本章最后提出了未来研究新兴经济体如何影响全球战略管理的途径,包括需要认识到它们是复杂的动态系统,经济复杂性不断上升,需要新型的动态能力和创新的竞争优势来源来实现成功。
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引用次数: 1
Evolution of Quantitative Research Methods in Strategic Management 战略管理中定量研究方法的演变
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190090883.003.0005
J. Shaver
This chapter discusses general trends in quantitative research methods since the early 1980s. It then highlights five contemporaneous issues with respect to the application of quantitative methods within the field—including the tension of simultaneously seeking causal identification and examining meaningful strategy questions. Taking the perspective that a key goal of quantitative strategy research is to aid decision-makers by providing rigorous evidence-based strategic management insights, the chapter proposes practices that, if embraced, will advance the rigor and impact of future quantitative research. A central consideration is addressing issues of causal identification through a cumulative body of research and the importance that research designs play in this consideration. In concluding, the chapter acknowledges significant advances in quantitative methods in the field while noting directions in which the field should continue to evolve.
本章讨论了自20世纪80年代初以来定量研究方法的总体趋势。然后,它强调了关于定量方法在该领域的应用的五个同期问题,包括同时寻求因果识别和检查有意义的战略问题的紧张关系。定量战略研究的一个关键目标是通过提供严格的基于证据的战略管理见解来帮助决策者,本章提出了一些实践,如果接受这些实践,将提高未来定量研究的严密性和影响力。一个中心考虑是通过累积的研究和研究设计在这一考虑中发挥的重要性来解决因果识别问题。最后,本章承认该领域的定量方法取得了重大进展,同时指出了该领域应继续发展的方向。
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引用次数: 5
Workforce diversity management: A systematic literature review 劳动力多样性管理:系统的文献综述
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.5937/straman2102003s
Yana Seliverstova
The primary task of the paper is to propose a definition of the existing theoretical contributions to the term of workforce diversity management (WDM) in order to systematize present knowledge, clearly understand the definition of WDM in organizations and identify the gaps for future research. In this theoretical study, the Scopus database was used for sampling. 19 studies published since 2015 were identified, and then the selected papers were analysed according to key research definitions. Recently, the idea of diversity management (DM) acquires a new meaning; swiftly expanding its field and circulating around the world. WDM becomes a frequently significant part of Human Resource Management in corporations, as it helps companies to take a sustained competitive advantage in the current globalization and innovative age (Egerova, Jiřincová, Lančarič & Savov, 2013; Manoharan & Singal, 2017). The results of the research show that DM is perceived by a moderate number of existing publications as a method that helps to encompass both: a favourable corporate culture and organizational success. By assessing present studies on DM, the paper contributes to the literature on business and management and demonstrates the potential as the scrutinised field seems to be an attractive area for future research.
本文的主要任务是对劳动力多样性管理(WDM)这一术语的现有理论贡献进行定义,以便系统化现有知识,清楚地了解组织中WDM的定义,并找出未来研究的差距。在本理论研究中,采用Scopus数据库进行抽样。选取2015年以来发表的19篇研究,根据重点研究定义对选取的论文进行分析。最近,多样性管理(DM)的概念获得了新的含义;迅速扩大其领域,并在世界各地流通。WDM经常成为企业人力资源管理的重要组成部分,因为它可以帮助企业在当前的全球化和创新时代取得持续的竞争优势(Egerova, Jiřincová, lan ariovi & Savov, 2013;Manoharan & Singal, 2017)。研究结果表明,适度数量的现有出版物认为DM是一种有助于涵盖两方面的方法:有利的企业文化和组织成功。通过评估目前关于决策管理的研究,本文为商业和管理方面的文献做出了贡献,并展示了这一领域的潜力,因为这一领域似乎是未来研究的一个有吸引力的领域。
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引用次数: 3
The impact of prospecting strategy on small business performance in Vietnam: The role of broad-scope management accounting system 勘探战略对越南小企业绩效的影响:大范围管理会计制度的作用
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.5937/straman2102054q
Ngo Quang-Huy
The purpose of this study is to uncover the role of broad-scope management accounting system (MAS) on the link between prospecting strategy and the performance of small businesses. In particular, this paper hypothesizes that a high degree of prospecting strategy is positively associated with a high degree of broadscope MAS, and a high degree of broad-scope MAS is correlated with a high degree of performance of small businesses. Also, it is hypothesizes that prospecting strategy increases the performance of small businesses. The last hypothesis proposes that broad-scope MAS mediates the link between prospecting strategy and the performance of small businesses. Data was collected from 131 small businesses located in Cantho city to assess the proposed hypothesis. A PLS-SEM was analyzed with the collected data. The results reveal that all hypotheses are supported by the data except the hypothesis describing the relationship between prospecting strategy and the performance of small businesses. It implies that broad-scope MAS fully mediates the link between these two variables.
本研究的目的是揭示广泛的管理会计制度(MAS)的作用,在勘探战略和小企业绩效之间的联系。特别是,本文假设高度的勘探策略与高度的广泛性MAS呈正相关,而高度的广泛性MAS与小企业的高绩效呈正相关。此外,它是假设,勘探策略提高小企业的业绩。最后一个假设提出,广泛的MAS中介之间的联系,寻找策略和小企业的绩效。研究人员从位于坎托市的131家小企业收集数据,以评估所提出的假设。对采集的数据进行PLS-SEM分析。结果表明,除了描述小企业寻找策略与绩效关系的假设外,所有假设都得到了数据的支持。这意味着,广泛的MAS完全介导这两个变量之间的联系。
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引用次数: 3
Investment strategies in pandemic situations: An analysis and comparison of prospective returns between developed and emerging markets 大流行病情况下的投资战略:发达市场和新兴市场预期回报的分析和比较
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.5937/STRAMAN2101034K
K. Kostin, P. Runge, R. Adams
This study empirically analyzes return data from developed and emerging markets to assess whether emerging markets show superior performance during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of cost of equity. It analyses panel data from eight country indices of developed and emerging countries as well as eight exemplary companies from developed and emerging countries, covering the period from 2000 to 2020. The results provide evidence that emerging markets do not perform in a better way than developed markets. The findings highlight the need for a reassessment of the generalized notion that emerging markets are more profitable than developed markets in such crises which affect the core of their economic structure. It provides investors with meaningful advice on the creation of an investment strategy if they wish to perform equity investments in similar periods like the COVID-19 pandemic. The study contributes to the literature by advancing this research area and is the first study which analyzes and compares the cost of equity of developed and emerging markets during the COVID-19 pandemic.
本研究实证分析了发达市场和新兴市场的回报数据,以评估新兴市场在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间是否在股权成本方面表现出色。它分析了来自发达国家和新兴国家的8个国家指数以及来自发达国家和新兴国家的8家示范企业的面板数据,时间跨度为2000年至2020年。研究结果证明,新兴市场的表现并不比发达市场好。这些发现突出表明,有必要重新评估一种普遍观念,即在影响新兴市场经济结构核心的危机中,新兴市场比发达市场更有利可图。如果投资者希望在COVID-19大流行等类似时期进行股权投资,它为投资者提供了制定投资策略的有意义的建议。该研究通过推进这一研究领域为文献做出了贡献,并且是第一个分析和比较COVID-19大流行期间发达市场和新兴市场的股权成本的研究。
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引用次数: 4
Social evolution in times of COVID-19 between politics, economics, and health 新冠疫情时期政治、经济、健康的社会演变
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.5937/STRAMAN2101066F
A. Figus
As well as highlighting difficulties in the health sector at local, national, and international levels, the COVID-19 pandemic has placed states in crisis by questioning the model of globalization, the political system, and the economic system. The article starts from a historical and philosophical analysis and tries to find solutions for getting out of the crisis. Science alone is not enough; it is necessary to redesign sustainable models in the economy and new political strategies.
除了凸显地方、国家和国际卫生部门面临的困难外,COVID-19大流行还通过质疑全球化模式、政治体系和经济体系,使各国陷入危机。本文从历史和哲学的分析出发,试图寻找走出危机的解决之道。只有科学是不够的;有必要重新设计可持续的经济模式和新的政治战略。
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引用次数: 4
Sustainability balanced scorecard: Four performance perspectives or more? 可持续发展平衡计分卡:四个或更多绩效视角?
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/straman2104037r
Sanda Rašić-Jelavić, Mirna Pajdaković-Vulić
This paper analyzes the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) as a renewed framework for measuring and managing sustainability performance of a company. The paper presents the main characteristics of original Balanced Scorecard (BSC), explains its purpose and main performance perspectives. Based on literature review, paper address the various approaches to design and prioritize performance perspectives within the SBSC. Firstly, casual links within and between performance perspectives are described: hierarchical links (as is in original BSC approach), semi-hierarchical links and network links. Secondly, the paper explains how the sustainability issues are incorporated within SBSC framework. Several solutions are explained as suggested in the literature: (1) adding additional single or multiple performance perspectives to deal with strategically important sustainability issues, (2) incorporating sustainability aspects within original four performance perspectives, (3) adding additional sustainability perspectives and incorporating sustainability aspects in four original performance perspectives simultaneously, (4) organize separate SBSC for managing only sustainability issues. Specific features of these approaches are explained as well as appropriateness of their application in practice. Advantages and disadvantages of SBSC are highlighted and recommendations for future research.
本文分析了可持续发展平衡计分卡(SBSC)作为衡量和管理公司可持续发展绩效的新框架。本文介绍了原有平衡计分卡的主要特点,阐述了平衡计分卡的使用目的和主要绩效视角。在文献综述的基础上,本文讨论了在SBSC中设计和优先考虑绩效视角的各种方法。首先,描述了绩效观点内部和之间的偶然联系:层次联系(如最初的平衡计分卡方法),半层次联系和网络联系。其次,本文解释了如何将可持续性问题纳入SBSC框架。文献中提出了几种解决方案:(1)增加额外的单一或多个绩效视角来处理具有战略意义的可持续性问题;(2)将可持续性方面纳入原来的四个绩效视角;(3)增加额外的可持续性视角并同时将可持续性方面纳入四个原始绩效视角;(4)组织单独的SBSC来管理可持续性问题。解释了这些方法的具体特点及其在实践中应用的适当性。指出了SBSC的优缺点,并对今后的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 2
Job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees in tourism: Serbian Travel agency case 旅游业员工工作满意度与组织承诺:塞尔维亚旅行社案例
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/straman2104050d
Sandra Dramićanin, Goran Perić, N. Pavlović
The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between the factors of job satisfaction (pay, promotion, supervision, fringe benefits, contingent rewards, operating procedures, co-workers, nature of work and communication) identified by Spector and the organizational commitment in travel agencies in Serbia. The survey was conducted during March and April 2020, on a sample of 152 respondents, using a survey method and validated instruments: Job Satisfaction Survey and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire. Research findings indicate a significant positive relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Furthermore, the results indicate that pay, promotion, fringe benefits, co-workers and communication correlate significantly with employee commitment, while between the other factors of job satisfaction (supervision, contingent rewards, operating procedures, nature of work) and organizational commitment, there are moderately positive relationships. Implications, research limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.
本研究的目的是检验Spector确定的塞尔维亚旅行社工作满意度因素(薪酬、晋升、监督、附带福利、偶然奖励、操作程序、同事、工作性质和沟通)与组织承诺之间的关系。该调查于2020年3月至4月期间对152名受访者的样本进行了调查,使用了调查方法和验证工具:工作满意度调查和组织承诺问卷。研究发现,工作满意度与组织承诺之间存在显著的正相关关系。薪酬、晋升、附带福利、同事、沟通与员工承诺显著相关,而工作满意度的其他因素(监督、偶然奖励、操作程序、工作性质)与组织承诺之间呈中等正相关。最后提出研究意义、研究局限及对未来研究的建议。
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引用次数: 3
The managerial implications of the labor market and workplace shortage in Central Eastern Europe 中欧东欧劳动力市场和工作场所短缺的管理含义
IF 2.4 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/straman2102031p
József Poór,Agneš Slavić,Milan Nikolić,Nemanja Berber
In the recent years the labor market of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries has changed a lot. One of the main business challenges in the CEE region is the worker shortage. The possible reasons of this phenomenon are the emigration of the labor force from the countries of the former Eastern Bloc to the Western countries, the negative demographic tendencies in the region, the effects of economic crisis and the significant wage differences in the countries of European Union. This paper presents the first results of an international research conducted in six countries from the CEE region (Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia) on the reasons and managerial implications of the current labor force shortage. The research questionnaire was filled out in 797 companies and institutions in the CEE region. In our paper we will show the size, ownership and the sectoral distribution of our sample, as well as the average turnover rate, the average time to fill a position in, the positions hard to fill in, the possible reasons of labor shortage and the successful organizational and governmental programs to deal with labor market shortage. The obtained results may be a useful input for the formulation of human resource management programs in the organizations facing with labor market shortage in Serbia and other CEE countries.
近年来,中东欧国家的劳动力市场发生了很大的变化。中东欧地区的主要商业挑战之一是工人短缺。造成这种现象的可能原因是劳动力从前东欧集团国家向西方国家的移徙、该区域消极的人口趋势、经济危机的影响以及欧洲联盟各国的巨大工资差异。本文介绍了在中东欧地区六个国家(奥地利、捷克共和国、匈牙利、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和斯洛伐克)进行的关于当前劳动力短缺的原因和管理影响的国际研究的第一批结果。研究问卷在中东欧地区的797家公司和机构中填写。在我们的论文中,我们将展示我们样本的规模,所有权和部门分布,以及平均流动率,填补一个职位的平均时间,难以填补的职位,劳动力短缺的可能原因以及成功的组织和政府计划来应对劳动力市场短缺。所获得的结果可能为塞尔维亚和其他中东欧国家面临劳动力市场短缺的组织制定人力资源管理计划提供有用的输入。
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引用次数: 0
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Strategic Management
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