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Traditional and new crafts of the Yokostrov Sami during the transition to settlement in the 19th and early 20th centuries 19世纪和20世纪初,Yokostrov萨米人在过渡到定居点期间的传统和新工艺
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.2.13.22.001
O. Bodrova
The paper reveals the features of traditional and new crafts of the Yokostrov Sami in the 19th and early 20th centuries during transition to settlement. This process coincided with migration of the Yokostrov pogost from the Yokostrov Strait to the bay Belaya Guba of the Lake Imandra. The study is based on materials of Russian and foreign ethnographic and travel essays as well as on archive sources, statistics and toponyms.
本文揭示了19世纪和20世纪初Yokostrov Sami向定居过渡期间的传统工艺和新工艺的特点。这一过程与横格斯特罗夫海怪从横格斯特罗夫海峡向伊曼德拉湖的贝拉亚古巴湾的迁徙相吻合。这项研究是基于俄罗斯和外国民族志和旅行论文的材料,以及档案资料、统计数据和地名。
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引用次数: 0
Documents on the history of the parishes of the Kola North in the fund of the Kem’ Spirirtual Collegium of National Archive of Republic of Karelia 卡累利阿共和国国家档案馆Kem '精神学院基金中关于科拉北部教区历史的文件
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.2.13.22.008
Yu. N. Kozhevnikova
The article examines the informational content of the documents preserved in the fund of the Kem' Spiritual Collegium in the National Archive of the Republic of Karelia for studying the history of Orthodox parishes and clergy of the Kola North at the end of the XVIII — XIX centuries. The most valuable among them are consistorial decrees and official correspondence of the clergy with the deans and the board on various issues. Archival materials, introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, make it possible to trace the difficult fates of rural pastors who served in the Kola North, to consider individual events in the daily life of parish communities, to identify the peculiarities of the development of church and parish life in the region. Personal data about the county clergy deposited in this collection can be used for prosopographic studies of the clergy of the region.
本文考察了卡累利阿共和国国家档案馆Kem精神学院基金中保存的文件的信息内容,这些文件用于研究18 - 19世纪末科拉北部东正教教区和神职人员的历史。其中最有价值的是宪法法令和神职人员与院长和董事会就各种问题的官方通信。档案资料首次被引入科学流通,使追踪在科拉北部服务的农村牧师的艰难命运成为可能,考虑堂区社区日常生活中的个别事件,确定该地区教会和堂区生活发展的特殊性。关于县神职人员的个人资料存放在这个集合可以用于该地区的神职人员的外形研究。
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引用次数: 1
Formation of a new identity in the conditions of the military everyday life of the Civil War (by the material of Karelia) 在内战的军事日常生活条件下形成新的身份(通过卡累利阿的材料)
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.2.13.22.006
E. Dubrovskaya
The article was prepared on the basis of materials on the history of military units stationed in the Olonets province and the Kemsk district of the Arkhangelsk province during the Civil War in Karelia and immediately after it. The author shows how the army and navy political and educational bodies coped with the task of “re-educating” yesterday's peasants, of whom the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the new Red Fleet were in the overwhelming majority. As a result, a new social identity of servicemen was formed. In the cultural context of the early Soviet period of Russian history, the idea of educating the “new man” was one of the most significant. The ideological background of such education was the militarization of the 1920s, which largely predetermined the transformation of this fruitful idea into a kind of authoritarian state intervention in all aspects of the life of the army and society as a whole.
这篇文章是根据驻扎在奥洛涅茨省和阿尔汉格尔斯克省肯斯克地区的军事部队在卡雷利阿内战期间和内战结束后的历史资料编写的。作者叙述了陆海军的政治教育机关如何处理“再教育”昨天的农民的任务,其中工农红军和新红舰队占绝大多数。由此,军人形成了一种新的社会身份。在苏联前期俄罗斯历史的文化背景下,培养“新人”的思想是其中最重要的思想之一。这种教育的意识形态背景是20世纪20年代的军事化,这在很大程度上决定了这种富有成效的思想转变为一种专制的国家干预,干预军队和整个社会生活的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
Biology of the bivalve mollusks Mya arenaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Khlebnaya Bay of the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea 双壳类软体动物的生物学(林奈,1758)。巴伦支海科拉湾的赫勒巴纳亚湾
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.009
O. Smolkova, N. I. Meshcheryakov
For the first time, data about distribution and biology of the bivalve mollusk Mya arenaria Linnaeus, 1758 living in the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea has been obtained. The work was carried out on the Khlebnaya Bay intertidal zone since March to November 2021 as a part of a complex coastal expedition of the MMBI RAS. The quantitative characteristics, size and age composition of the Mya arenaria settlement were investigated. The features of the allometric growth of mollusks are considered.
首次获得了生活在巴伦支海科拉湾的双壳类软体动物Mya arenaria Linnaeus, 1758的分布和生物学资料。这项工作自2021年3月至11月在Khlebnaya湾潮间带进行,作为MMBI RAS复杂海岸考察的一部分。研究了砂藻沉降的数量特征、大小和年龄组成。考虑了软体动物异速生长的特点。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the biology of the bivalve mollusk Macoma calcarea (Gmelin, 1791) in the fjords of the island of Western Svalbard 西斯瓦尔巴群岛峡湾双壳类软体动物Macoma calcarea (Gmelin, 1791)的生物学特征
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.007
A. E. Noskovich
The features of distribution and biology of the bivalve mollusk Macoma calcarea in the fjords of Western Svalbard in 2015 were established. Due to the high water temperature, the most favorable conditions for the formation of settlements with a diverse size and age structure of Macoma calcarea are characteristic of shallower fjords (for example, the Grenfjord). The least favorable conditions are typical for isolated fjords with negative water temperatures. The settlements of Macoma calcarea in the fjords of Svalbard can be considered unstable due to the abundance of juveniles in their composition. The predominance of females over males is noted everywhere, and reproduction begins at a smaller size than in the east of the Barents Sea.
建立了2015年斯瓦尔巴群岛西部峡湾双壳类软体动物马卡马的分布特征和生物学特征。由于水温高,Macoma calcalarea形成不同规模和年龄结构的聚落的最有利条件是较浅的峡湾(如grenjord)。最不利的条件是典型的水温为负的孤立峡湾。位于斯瓦尔巴群岛峡湾的Macoma calcarea定居点可以被认为是不稳定的,因为它们的组成中有大量的幼鱼。到处都可以看到雌鱼比雄鱼占优势,而且繁殖开始时的规模比巴伦支海东部要小。
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引用次数: 1
Variability of water temperature and salinity anomalies in August–September on the transect “Kola Section” for the period from 1970 to 2019
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.006
T. M. Maksimovskaya, I. Zaporozhtsev
The paper considers the interannual variability of temperature and salinity alon g the oceanographic section of the transect “Kola Section” for the period 1970–2019 using field measurements from the World Ocean Database, ICES and the local database of the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute RAS. Updated norms and anomalies of water temperature and salinity were calculated. Using the principal component analysis, the stations of the section were combined according to the scheme of currents of the Barents Sea. The classification of water temperature anomalies in the section according to the type of year was made. The warmest for the period from 1970 to 2017 in August– September was identified from 1970 to 1976. Spectral analysis of series of temperature anomalies, as well as series of external factors influencing it, showed the presence of several significant periodicities.
本文利用来自世界海洋数据库、ICES和摩尔曼斯克海洋生物研究所RAS的当地数据库的野外测量数据,研究了1970-2019年“科拉剖面”样带海洋剖面的温度和盐度的年际变化。更新了水温和盐度的规范值和异常值。采用主成分分析方法,根据巴伦支海海流方案,对该段测站进行组合。根据年份类型对断面水温异常进行了分类。1970年至1976年的8月至9月是1970年至2017年期间最热的月份。对一系列温度异常以及一系列影响温度异常的外部因素的光谱分析表明,存在几个显著的周期性。
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引用次数: 0
Состав и структура микроплантона фрамовской ветви Норвежского течения
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.011
O.V. Chovgan
The research reports the current taxonomic composition of microplankton and its biogeographical characteristics during the pre-winter period in the east of the Fram Strait, which is influenced by the West Spitsbergen branch of the Norwegian Current and called Fram Strait branch. Research materials are based on marine expeditions of R/V “Dalnie Zelentsy” during the second half of November in 2019 and 2021. The taxonomic composition includes new for this region records of warm-water species: dinoflagellates Corythodinium diploconus, Dinophysis ovata, Dinophysis tripos, Oxytoxum caudatum, Pronoctiluca rostrata, Podolampas palmipes, tintinnids Amphorellopsis tetragona, Ormosella haeckeli, Parundella caudata, the diatom Proboscia indica, the consortium of two organisms – the diatom Leptocylindrus mediterraneus and the flagellate Solenicola setigera. Most of records belong to the North Atlantic, and were previously noted as alien species in the Barents Sea, in the area of the North Cape Current.
研究报告了受挪威海流西斯匹次卑尔根支影响的弗拉姆海峡东部地区冬季前浮游生物的分类组成及其生物地理特征。研究资料基于2019年11月下半月和2021年“Dalnie Zelentsy”号R/V的海洋考察。分类学组成包括该地区新记录的温水物种:甲藻Corythodinium diploconus, ovophysis, triophysis, Oxytoxum caudatum, proococtiluca rostrata, Podolampas palmipes, tintinnids Amphorellopsis tetragona, Ormosella haeckeli, Parundella caudata,硅藻Proboscia indica,两种生物的组合-硅藻地中海细茅和鞭毛虫扶正。大多数记录属于北大西洋,以前被认为是在北开普洋流区域的巴伦支海的外来物种。
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引用次数: 0
Helminthofauna gammarid Gammarus oceanicus and Gammarus duebeni of the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea 巴伦支海摩尔曼斯克海岸的海螺类:海洋海螺和海海螺
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.008
M.Р. Plaksina, M. M. Kuklina
The results of a parasitological examination of Gammaridae (Gammarus oceanicus and Gammarus duebeni) collected in May–July 2021 on the littoral of the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea (Pechenga Bay, Teriberskaya Bay, Yarnyshnaya Bay, Ivanovskaya Bay) are presented. It was found that the helminthofauna of gammarids includes larval stages of 6 helminth species (metacercariaes of trematodes Podocotyle atomon and Podocotyle reflexa, cysticercoids of cestodes Microsomacantus sp., larvaes of nematodes Spiruridae and acanthellas of the acanthocephalan Polymorphus phippsi and Echinorhynchus gadi). Metacercariaes of trematodes Podocotyle atomon infect both gammarusids species regardless of their habitat. Comparative analysis has shown that in amphipods from the Pechenga Bay area near the salmon farm, the helminthofauna is represented by parasites whose life cycle takes place using marine fish as the final host only – Podocotyle atomon, Echinorhynchus gadi. A correlation between the quantitative parameters of invasion by Podocotyle atomon trematode metacercariaes and the salinity of water in the collection areas was established.
本文介绍了2021年5月至7月在巴伦支海摩尔曼斯克沿岸(Pechenga湾、Teriberskaya湾、Yarnyshnaya湾、Ivanovskaya湾)采集的Gammaridae (Gammarus oceanicus和Gammarus duebeni)的寄生虫学检查结果。结果表明,瓢虫的蠕虫区系包括6种蠕虫的幼虫期,分别为吸虫、足子虫、足子虫的囊尾蚴、小体棘虫的囊尾蚴、螺旋体线虫的幼虫和棘头棘虫、棘头棘虫的棘虫。足子叶吸虫原子的囊蚴感染两种线虫,无论其栖息地如何。对比分析表明,在鲑鱼养殖场附近佩琴加湾地区的片脚类动物中,蠕虫动物群以仅以海鱼为最终寄主的寄生虫为代表——足子叶原子Echinorhynchus gadi。建立了足子叶吸虫囊蚴入侵的定量参数与采集区水体盐度的相关性。
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引用次数: 1
Food composition similarity analysis of arctic staghorn sculpin Gymnocanthus tricuspis (Reinhardt, 1830) with some non-target fish species in the Kara Sea 北极鹿角鱼Gymnocanthus tricuspis (Reinhardt, 1830)与喀拉海一些非目标鱼类食物成分的相似性分析
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.010
S. Chaus
This article provides data on diet composition of arctic staghorn sculpin Gymnocanthus tricuspis (Reinhardt, 1830) in the Kara Sea in the 2012, 2015, 2016. This species is a typical benthivorous fish whose diet in the Kara Sea is based on polychaetas, isopods and cumaceans. The similarity of arctic staghorn sculpin diet with other representatives of non-commercial fish of the Kara Sea was considered. Closest trophic species were identified, such as atlantic hookear sculpin, arctic alligatorfish, spatulate sculpin.
本文提供了2012年、2015年、2016年喀拉海北极鹿角三角鱼Gymnocanthus tricuspis (Reinhardt, 1830)的饮食组成数据。该物种是一种典型的腹食性鱼类,在喀拉海以多毛纲、等足类和cumac纲为食。考虑了北极鹿角鱼与喀拉海其他非商业鱼类的相似之处。鉴定出最接近的营养物种,如大西洋钩骨鱼、北极短吻鳄、匙形鱼。
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引用次数: 0
Thermohaline characteristics and spatial distribution of chlorophyll along the standart transect “Kola Section” in April 2021 2021年4月“科拉剖面”标准样带叶绿素热盐特征及空间分布
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.37614/2307-5252.2022.4.10.004
V. Vodopyanova, А. S. Bulavina, P. Makarevich
In the Barents Sea, the major part of the annual primary pelagic production is formed during the spring phytoplankton bloom. A phytoplankton bloom is understood as an annually recurring increase in its total biomass. Chlorophyll a concentration reflects changes in phytoplankton biomass and can serve as an indicator of production characteristics. In April 2021, the thermohaline characteristics of the water column and the distribution of chlorophyll a concentrations along a standard transect “Kola Section” were studied. The Transect was located in the path of the warm waters of the Nordkapp current and the desalinated waters of the Murmansk coastal current. Coastal, Atlantic and Arctic waters were defined along the Transect. Chlorophyll a concentrations in coastal waters varied on average from 0.57 to 0.86 mg/m3 (maximum 1.11 mg/m3), in Atlantic waters from 0.11 to 0.34 mg/m3 (maximum 0.50 mg/m3). At the station located in the area of intensive interaction of two types of waters (in the area of salinity and temperature fronts) maximum concentrations of chlorophyll a (0.96–1.39 mg/m3) were noted. The location and extent of zones of increased (or decreased) chlorophyll a concentrations agreed with the alternation of water masses. The beginning of the early spring phytoplankton bloom was in the coastal zone of Central Murman.
在巴伦支海,主要的年度初级远洋生产是在春季浮游植物繁殖期间形成的。浮游植物水华被理解为其总生物量每年反复增加。叶绿素a浓度反映了浮游植物生物量的变化,可以作为生产特性的指标。2021年4月,研究了沿标准样带“Kola剖面”的水柱温盐特征和叶绿素a浓度分布。样带位于北卡普洋流的温暖水域和摩尔曼斯克沿岸洋流的淡化水的路径上。沿海、大西洋和北极水域沿着样带被划定。沿海水域叶绿素a浓度平均变化范围为0.57 ~ 0.86 mg/m3(最大值为1.11 mg/m3),大西洋水域为0.11 ~ 0.34 mg/m3(最大值为0.50 mg/m3)。在位于两种类型的水密切相互作用区域的站点(盐度和温度锋区域),叶绿素a的最大浓度为0.96-1.39 mg/m3。叶绿素a浓度增加(或减少)带的位置和范围与水团的变化一致。早春浮游植物的繁殖开始于中摩尔曼海岸带。
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引用次数: 0
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Transaction Kola Science Centre
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