Over time, dictionaries have been adapted to meet users' consultation needs. As a result, other types of data such as instructions or specialised explanations have been included in these works in order to fulfil their purpose. It is in this context that operative lexicographical tools are produced, although such tools have traditionally received very little attention from a metalexicographic point of view. Through the analyses of 5 existing dictionaries and other reference works from the 18th to the 20th centuries regarding equestrianism, football and fencing, this article shows that many lexicographical information tools in Spanish were indeed produced to satisfy the need for practical knowledge through instructions (operative need). Based on this finding, this article argues that the operative function of lexicography deserves a place in lexicographical theory and lexicographical academic literature. An interesting finding that emerges from these analyses is that almost all the dictionaries analysed are polyfunctional, and they share a list of characteristics based on their typology, media and historical moment that can help to make clear the importance of the operative function in the Spanish lexicographical tradition. Furthermore, on the basis of the above analyses, several answers are given to guide future research on operative lexicographical products. Keywords: function theory, Spanish lexicography, sport dictionaries, polyfunctional tools, operative function, specialised dictionaries
{"title":"The Operative Function in Spanish Lexicography Exemplified through Sport Dictionaries and Other Reference Works","authors":"Ángel Huete-García","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1815","url":null,"abstract":"Over time, dictionaries have been adapted to meet users' consultation needs. As a result, other types of data such as instructions or specialised explanations have been included in these works in order to fulfil their purpose. It is in this context that operative lexicographical tools are produced, although such tools have traditionally received very little attention from a metalexicographic point of view. Through the analyses of 5 existing dictionaries and other reference works from the 18th to the 20th centuries regarding equestrianism, football and fencing, this article shows that many lexicographical information tools in Spanish were indeed produced to satisfy the need for practical knowledge through instructions (operative need). Based on this finding, this article argues that the operative function of lexicography deserves a place in lexicographical theory and lexicographical academic literature. An interesting finding that emerges from these analyses is that almost all the dictionaries analysed are polyfunctional, and they share a list of characteristics based on their typology, media and historical moment that can help to make clear the importance of the operative function in the Spanish lexicographical tradition. Furthermore, on the basis of the above analyses, several answers are given to guide future research on operative lexicographical products. Keywords: function theory, Spanish lexicography, sport dictionaries, polyfunctional tools, operative function, specialised dictionaries","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135002768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phonostylistic and Regional Variation of German Pronunciation in the Third-generation Orthoepic Dictionaries. By publishing the Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch (2009) and the seventh, completely revised and updated edition of the DUDEN Aussprachewörterbuch (2015), two orthoepic reference works have thus far been released in the 21st century that in many respects add a new dimension to the current dictionary landscape in the field of German pronunciation. For this reason, we consider it justified to regard them as pronunciation dictionaries of a new generation. The two dictionaries to be discussed in this paper are remarkable for their novel editorial solutions and the unprecedented inclusion of a number of multimedia components. But more crucially, they present a changed, significantly expanded and more realistic understanding of the phonetic standard that takes into account the phonostylistic diversity in German pronunciation. Furthermore, and no less importantly, they do also acknowledge, for the first time in German phonolexicography, the polycentric and polyareal nature of German by including the standard pronunciations of Austria and Switzerland, as well as their subnational or regional varieties, and making them subjects of description. These two fundamental innovations of both dictionaries receive a critical comparative examination in the present article. Keywords: phonolexicography, pronunciation codification, pronunciation dictionary, German pronunciation, standard pronunciation, phonetic standard, phonetic variation, phonostylistic variation, regional variation, linguistic pluricentrism
{"title":"Phonostilistische und regionale Variation der deutschen Aussprache in den orthoepischen Nachschlagewerken der dritten Generation","authors":"Krzysztof Nycz, Zygmunt Tȩcza","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1804","url":null,"abstract":"Phonostylistic and Regional Variation of German Pronunciation in the Third-generation Orthoepic Dictionaries. By publishing the Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch (2009) and the seventh, completely revised and updated edition of the DUDEN Aussprachewörterbuch (2015), two orthoepic reference works have thus far been released in the 21st century that in many respects add a new dimension to the current dictionary landscape in the field of German pronunciation. For this reason, we consider it justified to regard them as pronunciation dictionaries of a new generation. The two dictionaries to be discussed in this paper are remarkable for their novel editorial solutions and the unprecedented inclusion of a number of multimedia components. But more crucially, they present a changed, significantly expanded and more realistic understanding of the phonetic standard that takes into account the phonostylistic diversity in German pronunciation. Furthermore, and no less importantly, they do also acknowledge, for the first time in German phonolexicography, the polycentric and polyareal nature of German by including the standard pronunciations of Austria and Switzerland, as well as their subnational or regional varieties, and making them subjects of description. These two fundamental innovations of both dictionaries receive a critical comparative examination in the present article. Keywords: phonolexicography, pronunciation codification, pronunciation dictionary, German pronunciation, standard pronunciation, phonetic standard, phonetic variation, phonostylistic variation, regional variation, linguistic pluricentrism","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71036692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
his paper deals with developments in the field of lexicography that resulted in the need for a new definition of this term. The paper offers a brief look at the origin, use and development of the term lexicography and at the use of glosses in former and current times. It is shown how the digital era enables the use of certain lexicographical features in other sources than dictionaries. This leads to an expansion of the scope of the term lexicography. A strong focus is on the use of glosses, originally inserted by scribes as snippets into manuscripts to help with the understanding of difficult words and expressions. The use of glosses has increased, and they are currently commonly used in a variety of environments. In digital products glosses play an innovative, productive and significant role to present new types of lexicographical data. This demands the recognition of glosses as lexicographical entries and leads to a redefinition of the term lexicography that includes two major sub-fields, namely dictionography and glossography. Keywords: artificial intelligence, digital era, gloss, glossography, lexicographical data, scribe, dictionography, interdisciplinary collaboration, reading assistant, writing assistant
{"title":"A Necessary Redefinition of Lexicography in the Digital Age: Glossography, Dictionography and Implications for the Future","authors":"Sven Tarp, Rufus H. Gouws","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1826","url":null,"abstract":"his paper deals with developments in the field of lexicography that resulted in the need for a new definition of this term. The paper offers a brief look at the origin, use and development of the term lexicography and at the use of glosses in former and current times. It is shown how the digital era enables the use of certain lexicographical features in other sources than dictionaries. This leads to an expansion of the scope of the term lexicography. A strong focus is on the use of glosses, originally inserted by scribes as snippets into manuscripts to help with the understanding of difficult words and expressions. The use of glosses has increased, and they are currently commonly used in a variety of environments. In digital products glosses play an innovative, productive and significant role to present new types of lexicographical data. This demands the recognition of glosses as lexicographical entries and leads to a redefinition of the term lexicography that includes two major sub-fields, namely dictionography and glossography. Keywords: artificial intelligence, digital era, gloss, glossography, lexicographical data, scribe, dictionography, interdisciplinary collaboration, reading assistant, writing assistant","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among reference works, dictionaries are particularly important in foreign language learning. Dictionaries provide language learners with a wide range of data, however, wading through the mass of data and information can be a daunting task. Mastering dictionary skills should be important in the language learning process; however, in official educational documents in Hungary, there are no clear guidelines on how to develop these skills. By integrating dictionary skills into the curriculum and teaching them explicitly in lessons, teachers could play an important role in bridging the gap between lexicographers and dictionary users. In the present study, we report on our methods of teaching lexicography and dictionary skills to students at a Hungarian university. The authors are speaking from experience, the discussion and accompanying material are based on more than 15 years of teaching practice. To ensure that the training can meet the expanding needs of young students, a longitudinal study was launched in 2020 to examine students' changing habits and needs. The aims of the article are threefold: first, to encourage the teaching of lexicography at university level by providing concrete methods, then to highlight the importance of dictionary skills, and finally, to emphasise the importance of integrating the effective teaching of the use of electronic dictionaries into dictionary didactics. In this context, the article underlines the need to incorporate new evaluation criteria as well as to develop new skills for digital dictionaries, different from those for print dictionaries, into education. Keywords: teaching lexicography, dictionary didactics, reference skills, dictionary skills, dictionary use, university course design, course evaluation, online dictionaries, evaluation of dictionaries
{"title":"Developing Dictionary Skills through Monolingual and Bilingual English Dictionaries at Tertiary-level Education in Hungary","authors":"Katalin P. Márkus, Ida Dringó-Horváth","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1821","url":null,"abstract":"Among reference works, dictionaries are particularly important in foreign language learning. Dictionaries provide language learners with a wide range of data, however, wading through the mass of data and information can be a daunting task. Mastering dictionary skills should be important in the language learning process; however, in official educational documents in Hungary, there are no clear guidelines on how to develop these skills. By integrating dictionary skills into the curriculum and teaching them explicitly in lessons, teachers could play an important role in bridging the gap between lexicographers and dictionary users. In the present study, we report on our methods of teaching lexicography and dictionary skills to students at a Hungarian university. The authors are speaking from experience, the discussion and accompanying material are based on more than 15 years of teaching practice. To ensure that the training can meet the expanding needs of young students, a longitudinal study was launched in 2020 to examine students' changing habits and needs. The aims of the article are threefold: first, to encourage the teaching of lexicography at university level by providing concrete methods, then to highlight the importance of dictionary skills, and finally, to emphasise the importance of integrating the effective teaching of the use of electronic dictionaries into dictionary didactics. In this context, the article underlines the need to incorporate new evaluation criteria as well as to develop new skills for digital dictionaries, different from those for print dictionaries, into education. Keywords: teaching lexicography, dictionary didactics, reference skills, dictionary skills, dictionary use, university course design, course evaluation, online dictionaries, evaluation of dictionaries","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In some of its recent quarterly updates, the Oxford English Dictionary has published particularly large batches of new and revised entries from South African English, Nigerian English, and East African English. The present article is a detailed discussion of the editorial work behind these updates for African varieties of English, whose distinctive vocabularies the OED is currently taking steps to cover more widely. The paper explains how words are selected for inclusion, how new entries are researched and written, how new sources of textual evidence such as social media give OED editors greater insight into African Englishes, and how the dictionary's African consultants and users contribute to ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of the OED's definitions, etymologies, pronunciations, and quotation evidence. The article also highlights a selection of African words and phrases that have recently been added to or revised in the OED, all of which show the many different forms of lexical innovation that shape the distinctive vocabularies of African Englishes. Keywords: Oxford English Dictionary, historical lexicography, African Englishes, East African English, South African English, West African English, Nigerian English
{"title":"African Englishes in the Oxford English Dictionary","authors":"Danica Salazar","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1774","url":null,"abstract":"In some of its recent quarterly updates, the Oxford English Dictionary has published particularly large batches of new and revised entries from South African English, Nigerian English, and East African English. The present article is a detailed discussion of the editorial work behind these updates for African varieties of English, whose distinctive vocabularies the OED is currently taking steps to cover more widely. The paper explains how words are selected for inclusion, how new entries are researched and written, how new sources of textual evidence such as social media give OED editors greater insight into African Englishes, and how the dictionary's African consultants and users contribute to ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of the OED's definitions, etymologies, pronunciations, and quotation evidence. The article also highlights a selection of African words and phrases that have recently been added to or revised in the OED, all of which show the many different forms of lexical innovation that shape the distinctive vocabularies of African Englishes. Keywords: Oxford English Dictionary, historical lexicography, African Englishes, East African English, South African English, West African English, Nigerian English","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71036502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lexicography is yet another witness of the historic recurrence in the Balkans — fifty years after banning Miloš Moskovljević's Dictionary of Contemporary Serbo-Croatian Literary Language with Language Manual (1966), the distribution of the first volume of the Dictionary of Montenegrin National and Literary Language (2016) of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts was stopped due to political reasons. Among other things, the representatives of the Albanian and Bosniak people in the Parliament of Montenegro demanded that the Dictionary of Montenegrin National and Literary Language be withdrawn due to the "offensive" and "discriminatory" definition of the terms Albanian and Bosniak. This has shown, once again, that Balkan ethnonyms and (or) demonyms have considerable weight in the descriptions of lexical material and that they can lead to the situation where politics defeats lexicography. That is why we will deal, primarily from a linguistic perspective, with the lexicographic definitions of ethnonyms and demonyms that are controversial in Montenegro. Starting from their foundation on ethnic or civic identity, we want to examine the possibilities and justification of the definition of these concepts bearing in mind the broader socio-political framework. Keywords: ethnonym, demonym, people, inhabitant, Balkans, dictionary, lexicographic definition, redefinition, ethnic identity, civic identity
{"title":"The Names of the Balkan Peoples and the Names of the Inhabitants of Balkan Countries in Lexicography (on the Example of the Dictionary of Montenegrin National and Literary Language)","authors":"Sanja Šubarić, Jovana Đurčević","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1797","url":null,"abstract":"Lexicography is yet another witness of the historic recurrence in the Balkans — fifty years after banning Miloš Moskovljević's Dictionary of Contemporary Serbo-Croatian Literary Language with Language Manual (1966), the distribution of the first volume of the Dictionary of Montenegrin National and Literary Language (2016) of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts was stopped due to political reasons. Among other things, the representatives of the Albanian and Bosniak people in the Parliament of Montenegro demanded that the Dictionary of Montenegrin National and Literary Language be withdrawn due to the \"offensive\" and \"discriminatory\" definition of the terms Albanian and Bosniak. This has shown, once again, that Balkan ethnonyms and (or) demonyms have considerable weight in the descriptions of lexical material and that they can lead to the situation where politics defeats lexicography. That is why we will deal, primarily from a linguistic perspective, with the lexicographic definitions of ethnonyms and demonyms that are controversial in Montenegro. Starting from their foundation on ethnic or civic identity, we want to examine the possibilities and justification of the definition of these concepts bearing in mind the broader socio-political framework. Keywords: ethnonym, demonym, people, inhabitant, Balkans, dictionary, lexicographic definition, redefinition, ethnic identity, civic identity","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71036585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite their diversity and complexity in structure and meaning, little research has been conducted into the systematic presentation of argument structure constructions (ASCs) in English learners' dictionaries (ELDs). To fill in the gap, this paper focused on the treatment of V N ADJ ASCs in the "Big Five" online ELDs against usage data. First a list of 40 target verbs was obtained using two measures of contingency (i.e., faithfulness and collostruction strength) through collostructional analysis of V N ADJ ASCs in the British National Corpus, and then the related ASCs regarding their macro- and micro-structural presentation in selected dictionaries were examined. It was found that most ELDs attach importance to ASCs, notably LDOCE, which assigns many of them the status of phrases. Nevertheless, the treatment of ASCs in current ELDs is inadequate. First, the inclusion of ASCs in most ELDs is far from sufficient. Second, in some cases, there is a mismatch between a valency pattern illustration and an illustrative example. Last but not least, most ELDs are not consistent with respect to their policy of listing and encoding ASCs, and assigning them the status of phrases. We proposed, in the framework of the usage-based construction grammar, some suggestions for optimizing the treatment of ASCs. Keywords: argument structure constructions, online English learners' dictionary, phraseology, collostructional analysis, usage-based construction grammar
尽管论点结构结构在结构和意义上具有多样性和复杂性，但对英语学习者词典中论点结构结构(ASCs)的系统表达的研究很少。为了填补这一空白，本文重点研究了根据使用数据处理“五大”在线eld中的V N ADJ ASCs。首先，通过对英国国家语料库中V - N - ADJ谓语动词的结构分析，采用两种权变指标(即忠实度和结构强度)获得了40个目标动词，然后对相关谓语动词在某些词典中的宏观和微观结构表现进行了考察。研究发现，大多数语言语言规范都很重视ASCs，尤其是LDOCE，其中许多ASCs被赋予了短语的地位。然而，在目前的发展中国家，对ASCs的治疗是不够的。首先，在大多数eld中纳入ASCs是远远不够的。其次，在某些情况下，在价模式插图和说明性示例之间存在不匹配。最后但并非最不重要的是，大多数eld在列出和编码asc以及为其分配短语状态的策略方面不一致。在基于用法的构式语法框架下，我们提出了一些优化非谓语从句处理的建议。关键词:论点结构结构，在线英语学习者词典，短语学，结构分析，基于用法的结构语法
{"title":"The Treatment of Argument Structure Constructions in Online English Learners' Dictionaries: The Case of V N ADJ ASCs","authors":"Yongfang Feng, Hai Xu","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1812","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their diversity and complexity in structure and meaning, little research has been conducted into the systematic presentation of argument structure constructions (ASCs) in English learners' dictionaries (ELDs). To fill in the gap, this paper focused on the treatment of V N ADJ ASCs in the \"Big Five\" online ELDs against usage data. First a list of 40 target verbs was obtained using two measures of contingency (i.e., faithfulness and collostruction strength) through collostructional analysis of V N ADJ ASCs in the British National Corpus, and then the related ASCs regarding their macro- and micro-structural presentation in selected dictionaries were examined. It was found that most ELDs attach importance to ASCs, notably LDOCE, which assigns many of them the status of phrases. Nevertheless, the treatment of ASCs in current ELDs is inadequate. First, the inclusion of ASCs in most ELDs is far from sufficient. Second, in some cases, there is a mismatch between a valency pattern illustration and an illustrative example. Last but not least, most ELDs are not consistent with respect to their policy of listing and encoding ASCs, and assigning them the status of phrases. We proposed, in the framework of the usage-based construction grammar, some suggestions for optimizing the treatment of ASCs. Keywords: argument structure constructions, online English learners' dictionary, phraseology, collostructional analysis, usage-based construction grammar","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71036953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
English for Maritime Purposes comprises a variety of different registers. However, most of the dictionaries and glossaries are dedicated either to General Maritime English or Nautical English, while other aspects of the maritime industry are poorly covered by specialized lexicographic material, especially as regards formal dictionaries. Considering that the main classification onboard ship in terms of the crew and operational systems is related to the Deck and the Engineering Department, we sought to explore the similarities and differences between the technical lexes of the two areas, in order to see whether separated dictionaries and glossaries might be required, or a common maritime one would suffice. To test and measure the tackled technical vocabularies, we utilized contemporary corpus linguistics methods and software. The results show significant differences in the key vocabulary of the compared corpora. The findings clearly and once more call for special attention and focus when it comes to the interpretation of maritime lexis, as well as for establishing a clear distinction between English for Nautical and for Marine Engineering purposes. Keywords: maritime English, nautical English, marine engineering, corpus, vocabulary, lexis, frequency, keywords, word list, technical dictionary
{"title":"Lexical Analysis of Nautical and Marine Engineering Corpora: Similar or Different Lexicographic Results","authors":"Zorica Đurović, Milena Dževerdanović-Pejović","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1814","url":null,"abstract":"English for Maritime Purposes comprises a variety of different registers. However, most of the dictionaries and glossaries are dedicated either to General Maritime English or Nautical English, while other aspects of the maritime industry are poorly covered by specialized lexicographic material, especially as regards formal dictionaries. Considering that the main classification onboard ship in terms of the crew and operational systems is related to the Deck and the Engineering Department, we sought to explore the similarities and differences between the technical lexes of the two areas, in order to see whether separated dictionaries and glossaries might be required, or a common maritime one would suffice. To test and measure the tackled technical vocabularies, we utilized contemporary corpus linguistics methods and software. The results show significant differences in the key vocabulary of the compared corpora. The findings clearly and once more call for special attention and focus when it comes to the interpretation of maritime lexis, as well as for establishing a clear distinction between English for Nautical and for Marine Engineering purposes. Keywords: maritime English, nautical English, marine engineering, corpus, vocabulary, lexis, frequency, keywords, word list, technical dictionary","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study replicated the experiment by Chen and Liu (2022), investigating the effect of dictionary use on EFL writing. It involved the same research variables as the original study except for adopting a different dictionary. Sixty-two English majors took two writing tests, one without dictionary assistance, the other with access to a mobile phone dictionary application which features a combination of an L1–L2 and an L2–L1 dictionary for bidirectional search. The application can keep a record of users' search inputs and entry clicks. A questionnaire was also conducted to survey the students' evaluation of the dictionary application. Different from the negative results found by the original study, the replication revealed a non-significant effect of dictionary use on writing performance, providing solid evidence that a better dictionary leads to fewer consultation errors, although the improvement in writing scores brought about by dictionary use was only marginal. The study confirmed the original finding about the positive impact of dictionary use on lexical sophistication. It also identified some differences in dictionary lookup patterns between the participants of the replication and the original study in terms of search frequency, preference for language search, preference for search items, and use of source dictionaries. The implications of the study for dictionary making are discussed. Keywords: replication, dictionary use, EFL writing, writing performance, lexical sophistication, lookup patterns
{"title":"A Further Look into the Use of a Dictionary APP in EFL Writing: A Replication Study","authors":"Yuzhen Chen, Suping Liu","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1820","url":null,"abstract":"The study replicated the experiment by Chen and Liu (2022), investigating the effect of dictionary use on EFL writing. It involved the same research variables as the original study except for adopting a different dictionary. Sixty-two English majors took two writing tests, one without dictionary assistance, the other with access to a mobile phone dictionary application which features a combination of an L1–L2 and an L2–L1 dictionary for bidirectional search. The application can keep a record of users' search inputs and entry clicks. A questionnaire was also conducted to survey the students' evaluation of the dictionary application. Different from the negative results found by the original study, the replication revealed a non-significant effect of dictionary use on writing performance, providing solid evidence that a better dictionary leads to fewer consultation errors, although the improvement in writing scores brought about by dictionary use was only marginal. The study confirmed the original finding about the positive impact of dictionary use on lexical sophistication. It also identified some differences in dictionary lookup patterns between the participants of the replication and the original study in terms of search frequency, preference for language search, preference for search items, and use of source dictionaries. The implications of the study for dictionary making are discussed. Keywords: replication, dictionary use, EFL writing, writing performance, lexical sophistication, lookup patterns","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135953928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KIU is an online bilingual Swahili–Italian dictionary with about 6000 entries aimed primarily at Italian L1 Swahili learners and which has been developed at the University of Naples 'L'Orientale'. The project was started in 2003 by M. Toscano and developed with the collaboration of language experts and young researchers until 2009 with the aim of offering online lexical resources from Swahili to Italian for learners of the language. After a long interruption, the work was resumed in 2019 by the authors of this article in cooperation with M. Toscano and a team of expert IT technicians. The current work consists of the development ex novo of the dictionary software, which had become obsolete, along with a redesign of some lexicographic features. In this report we will show how the upgraded version of the dictionary software has been implemented, with relevant learner-oriented features, by taking into consideration the standard lexicographic characteristics of Swahili–Italian bilingual dictionaries. This dictionary represents a valuable support for L2 learners and is the only on-line Swahili–Italian dictionary expressly built for university students and Italian users at large. Keywords: Swahili, Italian, online dictionary, learners, lexicography
{"title":"KIU (Kiswahili–Italiano-UniOr): The UniOr online Dictionary for Italian L1 Swahili Learners","authors":"F. Aiello, R. Tramutoli","doi":"10.5788/33-1-1798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/33-1-1798","url":null,"abstract":"KIU is an online bilingual Swahili–Italian dictionary with about 6000 entries aimed primarily at Italian L1 Swahili learners and which has been developed at the University of Naples 'L'Orientale'. The project was started in 2003 by M. Toscano and developed with the collaboration of language experts and young researchers until 2009 with the aim of offering online lexical resources from Swahili to Italian for learners of the language. After a long interruption, the work was resumed in 2019 by the authors of this article in cooperation with M. Toscano and a team of expert IT technicians. The current work consists of the development ex novo of the dictionary software, which had become obsolete, along with a redesign of some lexicographic features. In this report we will show how the upgraded version of the dictionary software has been implemented, with relevant learner-oriented features, by taking into consideration the standard lexicographic characteristics of Swahili–Italian bilingual dictionaries. This dictionary represents a valuable support for L2 learners and is the only on-line Swahili–Italian dictionary expressly built for university students and Italian users at large. Keywords: Swahili, Italian, online dictionary, learners, lexicography","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71036622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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