C. H. Garcia, Leopoldo Daniel-González, Adrián Valle de la O, H. L. Diaz, Laura K. Castro, Arnoldo Téllez
Abstract The primary objective of this study was to analyze the direct explanatory power of social identity, schooling, and age on self-esteem, as well as the indirect effects of those variables (through the mediating variable self-esteem) on hope. A non-probabilistic sample composed of 657 persons from southern Nuevo Leon was recruited (mean age = 39.75 years; SD = 16.96). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the effects, both direct and indirect, of the independent variables upon the dependent variables. With regard to hope, the model yields an explained variance of 37% ( d ≥ 26% = large effect size) and shows well goodness-of-fit indices: χ2 / df = 2.618, GFI = .997, AFGI = .978, CFI = .995, NNFI = .995, NFI = .992, RMSEA = .048 (IC90%, .001, .100), and SRMR = .017. It is concluded that social identity, together with some contextual variables of a personal nature (for instance, age and schooling) is probably very important to explain the levels of self-esteem and hope Resumen El objetivo primario de este estudio fue analizar el poder explicativo de las variables identidad social, escolaridad y edad, directamente sobre la autoestima y los efectos indirectos de las tres primeras, a traves de la autoestima, sobre la esperanza. Se realizo el estudio en una muestra no probabilistica de 657 hombres y mujeres, con edad promedio de 39.75 anos ( DE = 16.96). Se uso modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar los efectos, tanto directos como indirectos, de las variables independientes sobre las dependientes. Se encuentra que el modelo tiene una varianza explicada del 37% ( d = ≥ 26% = tamano del efecto grande) en esperanza, con buenos indicadores de bondad de ajuste: χ 2/gl = 2.618; GFI = .997; AFGI = .978; CFI = .995; NNFI = .995; NFI = .992; RMSEA = .048 (IC90%, .000, .100), SRMR = .017. Se concluye que probablemente la identidad social, junto con algunas variables contextuales de tipo personal, como la edad y la escolaridad, es prioritaria para explicar la existencia de la autoestima y de la esperanza.
{"title":"Effects of Social Identity, Self-Esteem, Schooling, and Age on Hope [Efectos de la Identidad Social, la autoestima, la Escolaridad y la Edad sobre la esperanza]","authors":"C. H. Garcia, Leopoldo Daniel-González, Adrián Valle de la O, H. L. Diaz, Laura K. Castro, Arnoldo Téllez","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.25221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.25221","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The primary objective of this study was to analyze the direct explanatory power of social identity, schooling, and age on self-esteem, as well as the indirect effects of those variables (through the mediating variable self-esteem) on hope. A non-probabilistic sample composed of 657 persons from southern Nuevo Leon was recruited (mean age = 39.75 years; SD = 16.96). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the effects, both direct and indirect, of the independent variables upon the dependent variables. With regard to hope, the model yields an explained variance of 37% ( d ≥ 26% = large effect size) and shows well goodness-of-fit indices: χ2 / df = 2.618, GFI = .997, AFGI = .978, CFI = .995, NNFI = .995, NFI = .992, RMSEA = .048 (IC90%, .001, .100), and SRMR = .017. It is concluded that social identity, together with some contextual variables of a personal nature (for instance, age and schooling) is probably very important to explain the levels of self-esteem and hope Resumen El objetivo primario de este estudio fue analizar el poder explicativo de las variables identidad social, escolaridad y edad, directamente sobre la autoestima y los efectos indirectos de las tres primeras, a traves de la autoestima, sobre la esperanza. Se realizo el estudio en una muestra no probabilistica de 657 hombres y mujeres, con edad promedio de 39.75 anos ( DE = 16.96). Se uso modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar los efectos, tanto directos como indirectos, de las variables independientes sobre las dependientes. Se encuentra que el modelo tiene una varianza explicada del 37% ( d = ≥ 26% = tamano del efecto grande) en esperanza, con buenos indicadores de bondad de ajuste: χ 2/gl = 2.618; GFI = .997; AFGI = .978; CFI = .995; NNFI = .995; NFI = .992; RMSEA = .048 (IC90%, .000, .100), SRMR = .017. Se concluye que probablemente la identidad social, junto con algunas variables contextuales de tipo personal, como la edad y la escolaridad, es prioritaria para explicar la existencia de la autoestima y de la esperanza.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"61-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41679837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Leonardo, M. Pereira, Felipe Valentini, Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de Freitas, M. Steger
Abstract Response biases are issues in inventories in positive organizational psychology. The study aims to control the response bias in the assessment of meaning of work through two methods: reversed key items and forced-choice format. The sample consisted of 351 professionals; women constituted 60.0 % of the sample. The participants answered two versions of the instrument for meaning of work: Likert-type items and forced-choice. For both versions, the unifactorial model was the most appropriate for the data available. The results indicate that the random intercepts model fit the Likert data (CFI = .92), as well as the forced-choice model (CFI = .97). Besides, the latent dimension of the forced-choice version did not correlate with acquiescence index ( r .05), and approximately 20 % of the variance of the items might be due to the method (Likert or forced-choice). The present study illustrates the importance of response bias control in self-report instruments. Resumen Los sesgos de respuesta son problemas en los inventarios de la psicologia organizacional positiva. El estudio tiene como objetivo controlar el sesgo de respuesta en la evaluacion del trabajo significativo a traves de dos metodos: items clave invertidos y formato de eleccion forzosa. La muestra estuvo formada por 351 profesionales; las mujeres constituyeron el 60.0 % de la muestra. Los participantes respondieron dos versiones del instrumento de significado del trabajo: items tipo Likert y eleccion forzosa. Para ambas versiones, el modelo unifactorial fue el mas apropiado para los datos disponibles. Los resultados indican que el modelo de intersecciones aleatorias se ajusta a los datos Likert (CFI = .92), asi como al modelo de eleccion forzada (CFI = .97). Ademas, la dimension latente de la version de eleccion forzada no se correlaciono con el indice de aquiescencia ( r .05), y aproximadamente el 20 % de la varianza de los items podria deberse al metodo (Likert o forzado). eleccion). El presente estudio ilustra la importancia del control del sesgo de respuesta en los instrumentos de autoinforme.
{"title":"Assessing the Influence of Reversed Items and Force-Choice on the Work and Meaning Inventory [Evaluación de la influencia de los ítems invertidos y de elección forzosa en el Inventario de trabajo significativo]","authors":"M. Leonardo, M. Pereira, Felipe Valentini, Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de Freitas, M. Steger","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.27330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.27330","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Response biases are issues in inventories in positive organizational psychology. The study aims to control the response bias in the assessment of meaning of work through two methods: reversed key items and forced-choice format. The sample consisted of 351 professionals; women constituted 60.0 % of the sample. The participants answered two versions of the instrument for meaning of work: Likert-type items and forced-choice. For both versions, the unifactorial model was the most appropriate for the data available. The results indicate that the random intercepts model fit the Likert data (CFI = .92), as well as the forced-choice model (CFI = .97). Besides, the latent dimension of the forced-choice version did not correlate with acquiescence index ( r .05), and approximately 20 % of the variance of the items might be due to the method (Likert or forced-choice). The present study illustrates the importance of response bias control in self-report instruments. Resumen Los sesgos de respuesta son problemas en los inventarios de la psicologia organizacional positiva. El estudio tiene como objetivo controlar el sesgo de respuesta en la evaluacion del trabajo significativo a traves de dos metodos: items clave invertidos y formato de eleccion forzosa. La muestra estuvo formada por 351 profesionales; las mujeres constituyeron el 60.0 % de la muestra. Los participantes respondieron dos versiones del instrumento de significado del trabajo: items tipo Likert y eleccion forzosa. Para ambas versiones, el modelo unifactorial fue el mas apropiado para los datos disponibles. Los resultados indican que el modelo de intersecciones aleatorias se ajusta a los datos Likert (CFI = .92), asi como al modelo de eleccion forzada (CFI = .97). Ademas, la dimension latente de la version de eleccion forzada no se correlaciono con el indice de aquiescencia ( r .05), y aproximadamente el 20 % de la varianza de los items podria deberse al metodo (Likert o forzado). eleccion). El presente estudio ilustra la importancia del control del sesgo de respuesta en los instrumentos de autoinforme.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"103-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44240676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia Prieto Silva, Laura Hernández Martínez, Miguel Omar Muñoz Domínguez
Abtract Sometimes it is confusing to determine why you go to a psychological consultation; for the interviewer, it is extremely important to be clear about the manifest and latent motives, as well as the expectations of treatment with a psychoanalytic approach. It is a qualitative study, with a descriptive-explanatory design, which includes the analysis of semi-structured interviews. Twenty medical records of patients who attended the Centers for Psychological Intervention (CISP) in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico; in order to identify the manifest motive and latent motives, as well as treatment expectations and disease awareness. A relationship between these will be established, and their relevance of knowing them will be demonstrated so that later it can be used in an effective therapeutic process. Resumen En ocasiones resulta confuso determinar por que se acude a una consulta psicologica; para el entrevistador es de suma relevancia tener claros los motivos manifiestos y latentes, asi como las expectativas del tratamiento con orientacion psicoanalitica. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de diseno descriptivo-explicativo, el cual incluye el analisis de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se analizaron 20 historias clinicas de pacientes que acudieron a los Centros de Intervencion Psicologica (CISP) en el estado de Zacatecas, Mexico; con la finalidad de identificar el motivo manifiesto y los motivos latentes, asi como las expectativas del tratamiento y la conciencia de enfermedad. Se establecera una relacion entre estos, y se demostrara su relevancia de conocer los mismos para que posteriormente se consiga emplear en un proceso terapeutico eficaz
{"title":"From the Manifest Motive to the Real Demand of the Patient in the Psychological Consultation [Del motivo manifiesto a la demanda real del paciente en la consulta psicológica]","authors":"Patricia Prieto Silva, Laura Hernández Martínez, Miguel Omar Muñoz Domínguez","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.27430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.27430","url":null,"abstract":"Abtract Sometimes it is confusing to determine why you go to a psychological consultation; for the interviewer, it is extremely important to be clear about the manifest and latent motives, as well as the expectations of treatment with a psychoanalytic approach. It is a qualitative study, with a descriptive-explanatory design, which includes the analysis of semi-structured interviews. Twenty medical records of patients who attended the Centers for Psychological Intervention (CISP) in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico; in order to identify the manifest motive and latent motives, as well as treatment expectations and disease awareness. A relationship between these will be established, and their relevance of knowing them will be demonstrated so that later it can be used in an effective therapeutic process. Resumen En ocasiones resulta confuso determinar por que se acude a una consulta psicologica; para el entrevistador es de suma relevancia tener claros los motivos manifiestos y latentes, asi como las expectativas del tratamiento con orientacion psicoanalitica. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de diseno descriptivo-explicativo, el cual incluye el analisis de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se analizaron 20 historias clinicas de pacientes que acudieron a los Centros de Intervencion Psicologica (CISP) en el estado de Zacatecas, Mexico; con la finalidad de identificar el motivo manifiesto y los motivos latentes, asi como las expectativas del tratamiento y la conciencia de enfermedad. Se establecera una relacion entre estos, y se demostrara su relevancia de conocer los mismos para que posteriormente se consiga emplear en un proceso terapeutico eficaz","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"133-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43729507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronald Toro, J. García-García, Flor Zaldívar-Basurto
Resumen La investigacion de las psicopatologias del espectro externalizante ha tenido avances significativos desde modelos transdiagnosticos integradores. En el presente articulo se presenta un analisis de los avances y las direcciones de integracion, haciendo un enfasis particular en las principales variables y modelos teoricos considerados relevantes. En primer lugar, se resalta la importancia de una perspectiva dimensional espectral de los diagnosticos, segun sus mecanismos etiologicos y mantenedores comunes, no solamente a nivel sintomatico sino procesal. Entre las variables con mayor evidencia se presentan la disregulacion emocional y la rumiacion ira, ambas asociadas a la aparicion y modulacion de la respuesta agresiva reactiva y proactiva. Al finalizar, se propone la integracion de los aportes derivados de la teoria de la sensibilidad al refuerzo y los sistemas de dominancia conductual, en un modelo transdiagnostico integrador. Esta propuesta involucra los avances teoricos a nivel motivacional como la inhibicion y la activacion conductual, cuya capacidad explicativa permite comprender las dificultades relativas a la impulsividad, la psicopatia, y la autorregulacion emocional y conductual. Estos avances convergen en el marco de investigacion de criterio dominante, un verdadero avance en los estudios de la salud mental actual. Abstract Research on externalizing spectrum psychopathologies has had significant advances from integrative transdiagnostic models. This article analyzes the progress and directions of integration, with particular emphasis on the main variables and theoretical models considered relevant. First, the importance of a spectral dimensional perspective of the diagnoses is highlighted based on their common etiological mechanisms and maintainers, not only at the symptomatic level but also at the procedural level. Emotional dysregulation and anger rumination are among the variables with the most evidence, both associated with the appearance and modulation of the reactive and proactive aggressive response. In the end, the integration of the contributions derived from the theory of reinforcement sensitivity, and behavioral dominance systems is proposed in an integrative transdiagnostic model. This proposal involves theoretical advances at the motivational level, such as inhibition and behavioral activation, whose explanatory capacity allows understanding the difficulties related to impulsivity, psychopathy, and emotional and behavioral self-regulation. These advances converge in the dominant criterion research framework, a real breakthrough in current mental health studies.
{"title":"Hacia un modelo Transdiagnóstico integrador de la Psicopatología externalizante [Towards an Integrative Transdiagnostic Model of the Externalizing Psychopathology]","authors":"Ronald Toro, J. García-García, Flor Zaldívar-Basurto","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.25831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.25831","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen La investigacion de las psicopatologias del espectro externalizante ha tenido avances significativos desde modelos transdiagnosticos integradores. En el presente articulo se presenta un analisis de los avances y las direcciones de integracion, haciendo un enfasis particular en las principales variables y modelos teoricos considerados relevantes. En primer lugar, se resalta la importancia de una perspectiva dimensional espectral de los diagnosticos, segun sus mecanismos etiologicos y mantenedores comunes, no solamente a nivel sintomatico sino procesal. Entre las variables con mayor evidencia se presentan la disregulacion emocional y la rumiacion ira, ambas asociadas a la aparicion y modulacion de la respuesta agresiva reactiva y proactiva. Al finalizar, se propone la integracion de los aportes derivados de la teoria de la sensibilidad al refuerzo y los sistemas de dominancia conductual, en un modelo transdiagnostico integrador. Esta propuesta involucra los avances teoricos a nivel motivacional como la inhibicion y la activacion conductual, cuya capacidad explicativa permite comprender las dificultades relativas a la impulsividad, la psicopatia, y la autorregulacion emocional y conductual. Estos avances convergen en el marco de investigacion de criterio dominante, un verdadero avance en los estudios de la salud mental actual. Abstract Research on externalizing spectrum psychopathologies has had significant advances from integrative transdiagnostic models. This article analyzes the progress and directions of integration, with particular emphasis on the main variables and theoretical models considered relevant. First, the importance of a spectral dimensional perspective of the diagnoses is highlighted based on their common etiological mechanisms and maintainers, not only at the symptomatic level but also at the procedural level. Emotional dysregulation and anger rumination are among the variables with the most evidence, both associated with the appearance and modulation of the reactive and proactive aggressive response. In the end, the integration of the contributions derived from the theory of reinforcement sensitivity, and behavioral dominance systems is proposed in an integrative transdiagnostic model. This proposal involves theoretical advances at the motivational level, such as inhibition and behavioral activation, whose explanatory capacity allows understanding the difficulties related to impulsivity, psychopathy, and emotional and behavioral self-regulation. These advances converge in the dominant criterion research framework, a real breakthrough in current mental health studies.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"73-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49433370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Quezada-Berumen, Mónica Teresa González-Ramírez
ResumenA pesar de que el inventario de crecimiento postraumático (PTGI) es un instrumento ampliamente utilizado para evaluar los cambios positivos después de un trauma, su estructura factorial no ha sido consistente en las validaciones hechas al español. Actualmente, no se cuenta con evidencia del estudio de sus propiedades psicométricas en población mexicana, por lo que el propósito de este estudio fue contrastar la estructura factorial del PTGI y describir el perfil promedio de crecimiento postraumático en una muestra mexicana. Participaron 446 personas con edades de 18 a 77 años víctimas de distintos eventos traumáticos. Los resultados indicaron una solución unifactorial, la cual mostró adecuada bondad de ajuste y confiabilidad excelente (α = .94). De acuerdo al perfil de los participantes, se identificó un cambio promedio en el crecimiento, no encontrándose diferencias entre mujeres y hombres. El PTGI-MX se considera un instrumento con buenas propiedades psicométricas para evaluar el crecimiento después de un evento traumático en población mexicana.AbstractAlthough the post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI) is a widely used instrument to assess positive changes after trauma, its factor structure has not been consistent in the validations made in Spanish. Currently, there is no evidence of the study of its psychometric properties in Mexican population, so the purpose of this study was to contrast the factor structure of the PTGI and describe the average profile of post-traumatic growth in a Mexican sample. The sample consisted in 446 people aged 18 to 77 years, victims of different traumatic events. The results showed a unifactorial solution, which showed adequate goodness of fit and excellent reliability (α = .94). A moderate change in growth was identified, being equivalent according to sex. The PTGI-M is considered an instrument with good psychometric properties to evaluate growth after a traumatic event in Mexican population.
{"title":"Propiedades psicométricas del inventario de crecimiento postraumático en población mexicana [Psichometric properties of te post-traumatic growth inventory in mexican population]","authors":"L. Quezada-Berumen, Mónica Teresa González-Ramírez","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.25736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.25736","url":null,"abstract":"ResumenA pesar de que el inventario de crecimiento postraumático (PTGI) es un instrumento ampliamente utilizado para evaluar los cambios positivos después de un trauma, su estructura factorial no ha sido consistente en las validaciones hechas al español. Actualmente, no se cuenta con evidencia del estudio de sus propiedades psicométricas en población mexicana, por lo que el propósito de este estudio fue contrastar la estructura factorial del PTGI y describir el perfil promedio de crecimiento postraumático en una muestra mexicana. Participaron 446 personas con edades de 18 a 77 años víctimas de distintos eventos traumáticos. Los resultados indicaron una solución unifactorial, la cual mostró adecuada bondad de ajuste y confiabilidad excelente (α = .94). De acuerdo al perfil de los participantes, se identificó un cambio promedio en el crecimiento, no encontrándose diferencias entre mujeres y hombres. El PTGI-MX se considera un instrumento con buenas propiedades psicométricas para evaluar el crecimiento después de un evento traumático en población mexicana.AbstractAlthough the post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI) is a widely used instrument to assess positive changes after trauma, its factor structure has not been consistent in the validations made in Spanish. Currently, there is no evidence of the study of its psychometric properties in Mexican population, so the purpose of this study was to contrast the factor structure of the PTGI and describe the average profile of post-traumatic growth in a Mexican sample. The sample consisted in 446 people aged 18 to 77 years, victims of different traumatic events. The results showed a unifactorial solution, which showed adequate goodness of fit and excellent reliability (α = .94). A moderate change in growth was identified, being equivalent according to sex. The PTGI-M is considered an instrument with good psychometric properties to evaluate growth after a traumatic event in Mexican population.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46522305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen La presente investigacion se realiza en el campo de las lesiones en el deporte con el proposito de identificar su relacion con las habilidades psicologicas de ejecucion deportiva. Se realizo un estudio de 21 deportistas femeninas de alto rendimiento integrantes del equipo nacional cubano de Softbol a las que se les aplico el Cuestionario de Aspectos Deportivos y Lesiones y el Inventario Psicologico de Ejecucion Deportiva. Los resultados muestran un alto porcentaje de lesiones en las deportistas, cuyo perfil psicologico grupal se encuentra configurado por elevados niveles de Autoconfianza, Nivel Motivacional, Control de Afrontamiento Positivo y Control de la Actitud. Ademas se evidencia que las deportistas con menor autoconfianza, control emocional y de la actitud se han lesionado en mas oportunidades y han presentado lesiones de mayor gravedad respectivamente. Tambien se muestra que dentro del grupo de deportistas con antecedentes de lesiones existen diferencias estadisticamente significativas, ya que poseen valores medios inferiores de autoconfianza y control de afrontamiento negativo las que mas lesiones han sufrido. Se discuten los resultados. Abstract The present research is framed in the field of sports injuries, having as object of study its relation with the psychological skills of sports performance. A study of 21 high-performance female athletes members of the Cuban national softball team was carried out, to which the Sports Aspects and Injuries Questionnaire and the Psychological Inventory of Sports Execution were applied. The results show a high percentage of injuries in athletes, whose group psychological profile is configured by high levels of Self-Confidence, Motivational Level, Positive Coping Control and Attitude Control. It is also evidenced that athletes with less self-confidence, emotional control and attitude have been injured in more opportunities and have presented more serious injuries respectively. It is also shown that within the group of athletes with a history of injuries there are statistically significant differences, since they have lower average values of self-confidence and negative coping control those who have suffered the most injuries. The results are discussed.
{"title":"Relaciones entre habilidades psicológicas y lesiones deportivas en softbolistas cubanas de élite [Relationships between Psychological Skills and Sports Injuries in Elite Cuban Softball Players]","authors":"Jesús Ríos Garit, Yanet Pérez Surita","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.26607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.26607","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen La presente investigacion se realiza en el campo de las lesiones en el deporte con el proposito de identificar su relacion con las habilidades psicologicas de ejecucion deportiva. Se realizo un estudio de 21 deportistas femeninas de alto rendimiento integrantes del equipo nacional cubano de Softbol a las que se les aplico el Cuestionario de Aspectos Deportivos y Lesiones y el Inventario Psicologico de Ejecucion Deportiva. Los resultados muestran un alto porcentaje de lesiones en las deportistas, cuyo perfil psicologico grupal se encuentra configurado por elevados niveles de Autoconfianza, Nivel Motivacional, Control de Afrontamiento Positivo y Control de la Actitud. Ademas se evidencia que las deportistas con menor autoconfianza, control emocional y de la actitud se han lesionado en mas oportunidades y han presentado lesiones de mayor gravedad respectivamente. Tambien se muestra que dentro del grupo de deportistas con antecedentes de lesiones existen diferencias estadisticamente significativas, ya que poseen valores medios inferiores de autoconfianza y control de afrontamiento negativo las que mas lesiones han sufrido. Se discuten los resultados. Abstract The present research is framed in the field of sports injuries, having as object of study its relation with the psychological skills of sports performance. A study of 21 high-performance female athletes members of the Cuban national softball team was carried out, to which the Sports Aspects and Injuries Questionnaire and the Psychological Inventory of Sports Execution were applied. The results show a high percentage of injuries in athletes, whose group psychological profile is configured by high levels of Self-Confidence, Motivational Level, Positive Coping Control and Attitude Control. It is also evidenced that athletes with less self-confidence, emotional control and attitude have been injured in more opportunities and have presented more serious injuries respectively. It is also shown that within the group of athletes with a history of injuries there are statistically significant differences, since they have lower average values of self-confidence and negative coping control those who have suffered the most injuries. The results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47272117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractPersonal values influence the behavior, feelings, and lives of individuals, but also, Internet use which penetration is expected it continues expanding all over the world. Values determine attitudes and behaviors of individuals and they also affect relationships people maintain with others and themselves. Furthermore, those relations are as well influenced by the adoption and usage of the internet, that is changing the way individuals interact and relate. So, both, values and internet use, impact on individuals Wellbeing (WB) perception. The present study analyses the influence of personal values on internet use and WB perception on a sample of 33.123 respondents of the European Social Survey (2016), 51% of female respondents and 47.9% male aged 15 and over, from different European countries. By this way, first, an Exploratory Factorial Analysis has been applied on data related to personal values, and four different profiles have been defined. Second, there have been individually analyzed and correlated the level of internet use and life satisfaction individuals report to analyze their influence on each profile. Finally, the interaction of both variables has been considered. When p-value is significative (p < 0.05) individual profile moderate relationship between internet use and life satisfaction. Results demonstrate personal values influence internet use and life satisfaction.ResumenLos valores personales influyen en el comportamiento, los sentimientos y la vida de las personas, pero tambien, el uso de Internet cuya penetracion se espera sigue expandiendose por todo el mundo. Los valores determinan las actitudes y los comportamientos de las personas, y tambien afectan las relaciones que las personas mantienen con los demas y con ellas mismas. Ademas, esas relaciones se ven influenciadas por la adopcion y el uso de Internet, lo que esta cambiando la forma en que las personas interactuan y se relacionan. Asi, tanto los valores como el uso de Internet, impactan en la percepcion del Bienestar (WB) de las personas. El presente estudio analiza la influencia de los valores personales en el uso de Internet y la percepcion del Bienestar en una muestra de 33123 encuestados de la Encuesta Social Europea (2016), 51 % de mujeres encuestadas y 47.9 % hombres de 15 y mas anos, de diferentes paises europeos. De esta forma, en primer lugar, se ha aplicado un Analisis Factorial Exploratorio sobre datos relacionados con los valores personales, y se han definido cuatro perfiles diferentes. En segundo lugar, se ha analizado y correlacionado individualmente el nivel de uso de Internet y la satisfaccion con la vida que reportan las personas para analizar su influencia en cada perfil. Finalmente, se ha considerado la interaccion de ambas variables. Cuando el valor p es significativo (p < .05), el perfil individual modera la relacion entre el uso de Internet y la satisfaccion con la vida. Los resultados demuestran que los valores personales influyen en el uso
{"title":"The Influence of Personal Values on Internet Use and Wellbeing [La influencia de los valores personales en el uso de Internet y el bienestar]","authors":"S. Femenia","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.24359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.24359","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractPersonal values influence the behavior, feelings, and lives of individuals, but also, Internet use which penetration is expected it continues expanding all over the world. Values determine attitudes and behaviors of individuals and they also affect relationships people maintain with others and themselves. Furthermore, those relations are as well influenced by the adoption and usage of the internet, that is changing the way individuals interact and relate. So, both, values and internet use, impact on individuals Wellbeing (WB) perception. The present study analyses the influence of personal values on internet use and WB perception on a sample of 33.123 respondents of the European Social Survey (2016), 51% of female respondents and 47.9% male aged 15 and over, from different European countries. By this way, first, an Exploratory Factorial Analysis has been applied on data related to personal values, and four different profiles have been defined. Second, there have been individually analyzed and correlated the level of internet use and life satisfaction individuals report to analyze their influence on each profile. Finally, the interaction of both variables has been considered. When p-value is significative (p < 0.05) individual profile moderate relationship between internet use and life satisfaction. Results demonstrate personal values influence internet use and life satisfaction.ResumenLos valores personales influyen en el comportamiento, los sentimientos y la vida de las personas, pero tambien, el uso de Internet cuya penetracion se espera sigue expandiendose por todo el mundo. Los valores determinan las actitudes y los comportamientos de las personas, y tambien afectan las relaciones que las personas mantienen con los demas y con ellas mismas. Ademas, esas relaciones se ven influenciadas por la adopcion y el uso de Internet, lo que esta cambiando la forma en que las personas interactuan y se relacionan. Asi, tanto los valores como el uso de Internet, impactan en la percepcion del Bienestar (WB) de las personas. El presente estudio analiza la influencia de los valores personales en el uso de Internet y la percepcion del Bienestar en una muestra de 33123 encuestados de la Encuesta Social Europea (2016), 51 % de mujeres encuestadas y 47.9 % hombres de 15 y mas anos, de diferentes paises europeos. De esta forma, en primer lugar, se ha aplicado un Analisis Factorial Exploratorio sobre datos relacionados con los valores personales, y se han definido cuatro perfiles diferentes. En segundo lugar, se ha analizado y correlacionado individualmente el nivel de uso de Internet y la satisfaccion con la vida que reportan las personas para analizar su influencia en cada perfil. Finalmente, se ha considerado la interaccion de ambas variables. Cuando el valor p es significativo (p < .05), el perfil individual modera la relacion entre el uso de Internet y la satisfaccion con la vida. Los resultados demuestran que los valores personales influyen en el uso","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"43–60-43–60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41899712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen Realizar investigaciones cientificas resulta complejo para algunos estudiantes universitarios. Por este motivo se planteo como objetivo crear una escala que mida los obstaculos para investigar. Participaron 650 estudiantes que estaban realizando sus Trabajos Finales de Grado en la Universidad Tecnica de Machala-Ecuador. Se desarrollo un grupo inicial de 32 items basados en literatura previa. Basandonos en los resultados de la validacion de contenido se eliminaron siete items. Los resultados del analisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y confirmatorio (AFC) revelan que los items se estructuran en un modelo bifactorial de 24 items. En cuanto a la fiabilidad, la escala mostro un alfa de Cronbach y un coeficiente Omega de 0.92 indicando una alta consistencia interna. Se concluye que la escala presenta adecuadas propiedades psicometricas para medir los obstaculos para investigar en los estudiantes universitarios. Abstract Conducting scientific research is complex for some university students. For this reason, the objective was to create a scale that measures the obstacles to investigate. 650 students who were doing their Final Degree Works at the Universidad Tecnica de Machala-Ecuador participated. An initial group of 32 items was developed based on previous literature. Based on the results of the content validation, 7 items were eliminated. The results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) reveal that the items are structured in a bifactorial model of 24 items. Regarding reliability, the scale showed a Cronbach's alpha and an Omega coefficient of 0.92, indicating high internal consistency. It is concluded that the scale presents adequate psychometric properties to measure the obstacles to investigate in university students
{"title":"La evaluación de los obstáculos a la investigación por parte de estudiantes universitarios: construcción de una escala [The Assessment of Obstacles to Research by College Students: Building a Scale]","authors":"Marco Criollo, Patricia Recio","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.27787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.27787","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Realizar investigaciones cientificas resulta complejo para algunos estudiantes universitarios. Por este motivo se planteo como objetivo crear una escala que mida los obstaculos para investigar. Participaron 650 estudiantes que estaban realizando sus Trabajos Finales de Grado en la Universidad Tecnica de Machala-Ecuador. Se desarrollo un grupo inicial de 32 items basados en literatura previa. Basandonos en los resultados de la validacion de contenido se eliminaron siete items. Los resultados del analisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y confirmatorio (AFC) revelan que los items se estructuran en un modelo bifactorial de 24 items. En cuanto a la fiabilidad, la escala mostro un alfa de Cronbach y un coeficiente Omega de 0.92 indicando una alta consistencia interna. Se concluye que la escala presenta adecuadas propiedades psicometricas para medir los obstaculos para investigar en los estudiantes universitarios. Abstract Conducting scientific research is complex for some university students. For this reason, the objective was to create a scale that measures the obstacles to investigate. 650 students who were doing their Final Degree Works at the Universidad Tecnica de Machala-Ecuador participated. An initial group of 32 items was developed based on previous literature. Based on the results of the content validation, 7 items were eliminated. The results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) reveal that the items are structured in a bifactorial model of 24 items. Regarding reliability, the scale showed a Cronbach's alpha and an Omega coefficient of 0.92, indicating high internal consistency. It is concluded that the scale presents adequate psychometric properties to measure the obstacles to investigate in university students","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"29-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45093674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María de los Dolores Valadez Sierrra, Julián Betancourt Morejón, África Borges del Rosal, Emilia Ortiz Coronel
Nomination of students with high abilities is the first step to be able to start the process, giving way later to a diagnosis of high capacities and the proposal of educational response adapted to their capacities and needs. In the present study, the criteria of the parents are compared by qualitative methodology to consider that their son or daughter has high intellectual abilities, comparing the answers given by those who believed that their children had high intelligence (IQ score equal to or less than 116). against which the intelligence score of their children is higher than an IQ of 130. The answers have been analyzed with the software ALCESTE, which analyzes the co-occurrences by proximity, using the statistic Ji square. In both groups, three classes are given, with different contents, both coinciding in the ease of solving problems or reasoning, but while in the first group they are based on aspects more related to the teaching environment (detection by teachers or boredom), those of the group with the highest IQ are based on knowledge of their higher score and previous attendance at programs for outstanding. We conclude that it is important to inform the parent population about contrasting indicators of existence of high capacities.
{"title":"La detección de altas capacidades por parte de los progenitores, ¿Es exacta su apreciación?[Is the Detection of High Capacities by Parents, is your Appreciation Accurate?]","authors":"María de los Dolores Valadez Sierrra, Julián Betancourt Morejón, África Borges del Rosal, Emilia Ortiz Coronel","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.27411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.27411","url":null,"abstract":"Nomination of students with high abilities is the first step to be able to start the process, giving way later to a diagnosis of high capacities and the proposal of educational response adapted to their capacities and needs. In the present study, the criteria of the parents are compared by qualitative methodology to consider that their son or daughter has high intellectual abilities, comparing the answers given by those who believed that their children had high intelligence (IQ score equal to or less than 116). against which the intelligence score of their children is higher than an IQ of 130. The answers have been analyzed with the software ALCESTE, which analyzes the co-occurrences by proximity, using the statistic Ji square. In both groups, three classes are given, with different contents, both coinciding in the ease of solving problems or reasoning, but while in the first group they are based on aspects more related to the teaching environment (detection by teachers or boredom), those of the group with the highest IQ are based on knowledge of their higher score and previous attendance at programs for outstanding. We conclude that it is important to inform the parent population about contrasting indicators of existence of high capacities.","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"117-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47738810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen Este trabajo aborda posibles respuestas a algunas de las preguntas que desconciertan en referencia al estatus de la investigacion en psicoterapia, particularmente desde una llamada a revisar la inadecuacion de una metafora raiz con fuertes vinculos con el modelo medico. Concretamente se centra en los debates sobre (a) la proliferacion de practicas psicoterapeuticas, (b) la ausencia de eficacia diferencial significativa y (c) los criterios de demarcacion entre terapias y pseudoterapias. Abstract This paper addresses possible answers to some of the puzzling questions regarding the status of psychotherapy research, particularly from a call to question the inadequacy of a root metaphor with strong links to the medical model. Specifically, it focuses on the debates on (a) the proliferation of psychotherapeutic practices, (b) the absence of significant differential efficacy and (c) the demarcation criteria between therapies and pseudotherapies
{"title":"Las respuestas que obtienes dependen de las preguntas que haces: la investigación en Psicoterapia revisitada [The Answers you get depend on the questions you ask: Psychotherapy Research Revisited]","authors":"Luis Botella","doi":"10.5944/AP.17.1.27809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/AP.17.1.27809","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Este trabajo aborda posibles respuestas a algunas de las preguntas que desconciertan en referencia al estatus de la investigacion en psicoterapia, particularmente desde una llamada a revisar la inadecuacion de una metafora raiz con fuertes vinculos con el modelo medico. Concretamente se centra en los debates sobre (a) la proliferacion de practicas psicoterapeuticas, (b) la ausencia de eficacia diferencial significativa y (c) los criterios de demarcacion entre terapias y pseudoterapias. Abstract This paper addresses possible answers to some of the puzzling questions regarding the status of psychotherapy research, particularly from a call to question the inadequacy of a root metaphor with strong links to the medical model. Specifically, it focuses on the debates on (a) the proliferation of psychotherapeutic practices, (b) the absence of significant differential efficacy and (c) the demarcation criteria between therapies and pseudotherapies","PeriodicalId":43927,"journal":{"name":"Accion Psicologica","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46272087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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