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The challenges for Croatian fisheries within current regulatory environment 克罗地亚渔业在当前监管环境下面临的挑战
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.18
Lidija Runko Luttenberger, I. Ančić, A. Luttenberger
Biodiversity as a planetary boundary and sustainability are strongly related to fish stocks and fisheries that are regulated by a number of sources of law with the aim of achieving their sustainability. The paper analyses current application, impact and effectiveness of the Common Fisheries Policy that sets the rules for fishing fleets management in the European Union and for fish stocks conservation as well as the 2020 Report on its implementation by the European Court of Auditors. It also examines the present and potential implementation and effects of Blue Growth, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, United Nations legal framework and Sustainable Development Goals on fisheries and aquaculture activities in the Adriatic Sea, a semi-enclosed and biodiversity rich sea. Improvements in implementing marine ecosystem approach and marine spatial planning are proposed in policy and regulatory framework, focusing on characteristics of the Adriatic Sea. Resilient solutions require placing more focus on characteristics of regional seas and applying site-specific tailor-made solutions and less complex but efficient governance for the seas which entail integrated approach to exploitation and preservation of the resources and their health.
生物多样性作为一个地球边界和可持续性与鱼类种群和渔业密切相关,这些鱼类种群和渔场受到许多法律来源的监管,目的是实现其可持续性。本文分析了共同渔业政策的当前应用、影响和有效性,该政策制定了欧盟渔船队管理和鱼类种群保护的规则,以及欧洲审计法院关于其执行情况的2020年报告。它还审查了蓝色增长、海洋战略框架指令、联合国法律框架和可持续发展目标对亚得里亚海渔业和水产养殖活动的当前和潜在实施情况及其影响。针对亚得里亚海的特点,在政策和监管框架中提出了改进实施海洋生态系统方法和海洋空间规划的建议。有弹性的解决方案需要更多地关注区域海洋的特点,并应用针对具体地点的量身定制的解决方案,以及不那么复杂但高效的海洋治理,这需要采取综合方法来开发和保护资源及其健康。
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引用次数: 1
The impact of economic policy on shipper businesses in coastal line maritime passenger transport in Croatia 经济政策对克罗地亚沿海海上客运托运人业务的影响
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.9
Alen Jugović, Dea Aksentijević, P. Zaninović
Coastal line maritime passenger transport in the Republic of Croatia, as well as in other EU member states, is regulated through various regulations and legislation, which in turn result in numerous national laws and regulations that affect its development, all of which is legally binding for shippers. Scheduled maritime passenger transport is an extremely important form of transport for the Republic of Croatia since it is the only form of connection with the mainland for many islands. This paper analyses economic policy measures that affect the organization and implementation of coastal line maritime passenger transport. The paper also investigates the demand fluctuation for maritime passenger transport services. The aid measures provided by the state to individual sectors is also analysed, as well as aid for the provision of services of general economic interest. The aim of this paper is to assess the amount of aid granted to maritime transport and its importance, especially in coastal line maritime passenger transport. The paper also explains the importance of establishing the Coastal Liner Services Agency as a regulatory body of the Republic of Croatia, and it further analyses the subsidy amounts granted to shippers in the period from 2014 to 2020.
克罗地亚共和国以及其他欧盟成员国的沿海航线海上客运是通过各种法规和立法进行监管的,这些法规和立法反过来又产生了许多影响其发展的国家法律和法规,所有这些法律和法规对托运人都具有法律约束力。定期海上客运是克罗地亚共和国一种极其重要的运输方式,因为它是许多岛屿与大陆联系的唯一方式。本文分析了影响沿海海上旅客运输组织实施的经济政策措施。本文还对海上客运服务的需求波动进行了研究。本文还分析了国家对个别部门提供的援助措施,以及对提供具有普遍经济利益的服务的援助。本文的目的是评估海上运输援助的数量及其重要性,特别是在沿海海上旅客运输中。本文还解释了建立沿海班轮服务机构作为克罗地亚共和国监管机构的重要性,并进一步分析了2014年至2020年期间向托运人提供的补贴金额。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of crisis situations in nautical tourism 航海旅游危机态势分析
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.2
D. Gračan, R. Agbaba
With rapid industrialization, the current social system is facing a variety of crises that deplete resources, pollute the environment and generate large amounts of waste. Excessive destinations dependence on tourism, as a primary economic activity, make them more vulnerable to global crisis situations and their negative effects. The tourism industry is also sensitive to external disasters and the deterioration of the tourism product, and is becoming more exposed to the crisis, which leads to a growing interest in contingency planning. Economic crisis, the crisis in the world shipping economy and political instability represent some of the crisis situations that developed and developing countries are struggling with. The goal of the research is literature review to determine which crisis situations exist in nautical tourism, which ones occur most often and what is the cause of them. Also, by analyzing the content of selected articles, the aim is to present possible solutions to such situations, applying to a greater extent to the principles of sustainable development. This paper analyzes the scientific literature on the crisis situations and their negative effects on nautical tourism, as relatively new multidisciplinary tourism activity. Contrary to the long history of piracy, terrorist attacks, as a one type of crisis situations that occur in the maritime industry are rare. However, high-energy consumption, high water pollution and increased port production, consequently negatively affect the ecological environment. Pollution created by vessels, in addition to disrupting the natural ecological balance, also encourages climate change, therefore, ecological restoration measures can help improve the quality of the environment on land and in water.
随着工业化的快速发展,当前的社会体系正面临着各种危机,这些危机消耗了资源,污染了环境,并产生了大量废物。旅游目的地过度依赖旅游业这一主要经济活动,使其更容易受到全球危机及其负面影响的影响。旅游业对外部灾害和旅游产品的恶化也很敏感,而且越来越容易受到危机的影响,这导致人们对应急计划越来越感兴趣。经济危机、世界航运经济危机和政治不稳定是发达国家和发展中国家正在努力应对的一些危机局势。本研究的目的是对文献进行回顾,以确定航海旅游中存在哪些危机情况,哪些危机最常发生,以及危机的原因是什么。此外,通过分析所选文章的内容,目的是提出解决这种情况的可能办法,在更大程度上适用于可持续发展的原则。本文分析了有关危机情况及其对航海旅游的负面影响的科学文献,航海旅游是一种相对较新的多学科旅游活动。与海盗活动的悠久历史相反,恐怖袭击作为一种危机情况,在海事行业发生的情况并不多见。然而,高能耗、高水污染和港口产量的增加,对生态环境产生了负面影响。船只造成的污染除了破坏自然生态平衡外,还助长了气候变化,因此,生态恢复措施有助于改善陆地和水中的环境质量。
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引用次数: 1
A framework for the application of shipboard energy efficiency monitoring, operational data prediction and reporting 船用能效监测、运行数据预测和报告应用框架
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.1
Aleksandar Vorkapic, Radoslav Radonja, Sanda Martinčić-Ipšić
In this study, a framework for the application of shipboard energy efficiency monitoring, operational data prediction and reporting based on the ship’s measurement data and meteorological and oceanographic data by the geographic position and time of navigation is presented. General system theory in synergy with machine learning (ML) is used to construct the framework. The general system theory is utilized for identification and transition of components of the proposed framework of energy efficiency monitoring and prediction. A systematic investigation of the internal and external environment is conducted, and the definition of information flow between the individual components provided. Then, the external opportunities and threats that the system faces were opposed to internal strengths and weaknesses to formulate strategies in which weaknesses and threats of the system are offset by existing strengths and probabilities. After assessing the results of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths (TOWS) analysis, it can be concluded that the proposed framework is feasible and widely applicable in the maritime industry. The novelty is that the proposed framework is using on-board data processing and is integrated into the existing ship monitoring, decision-making and reporting system, thus satisfying the prerequisites for simple application.
在这项研究中,根据船舶的测量数据以及航行的地理位置和时间的气象和海洋学数据,提出了船上能效监测、运行数据预测和报告的应用框架。该框架采用了与机器学习(ML)协同的通用系统理论。通用系统理论用于识别和转换所提出的能效监测和预测框架的组成部分。对内部和外部环境进行了系统的调查,并提供了各个组件之间信息流的定义。然后,将系统面临的外部机会和威胁与内部优势和弱点进行对比,以制定策略,使系统的弱点和威胁被现有的优势和概率所抵消。在评估了优势、劣势、机会和威胁(SWOT)以及威胁、机会、劣势和优势(TOWS)分析的结果后,可以得出结论,所提出的框架是可行的,并在海事行业中广泛适用。新颖之处在于,所提出的框架使用了船上数据处理,并集成到现有的船舶监测、决策和报告系统中,从而满足了简单应用的先决条件。
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引用次数: 1
Greening the Blue Economy as an Incentive to Sustainable Development of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County 绿色蓝色经济对滨海戈尔斯基科塔尔县可持续发展的激励
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.17
M. Kovačić, Lea Perinić, Srđan Kerčević
Blue development and blue economy are relatively new terms, although blue economy has been developing for centuries. Its potential on European, Croatian or regional level is huge. New researches point out that the Blue Economy impact will double in next ten years. Although present in theory since 1990ties, blue economy in last few years as a part of the answer on the global challenges, has been followed by the aspects of Green Development, Green Economy Green Growth as synonyms for desirable and necessary transition towards sustainability. The definition of Green Economy in perspective of long-term sustainability, environment protection and reduced use of natural resources is defined as well. Recognizing the importance of blue-green economy for the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County (PGKC) development, the authors describe the potentials and possibilities for development of the region, as well as analyse natural and other preconditions and point out the reached level of blue-green economy innovative sectors. The purpose of this research is to explain the importance of coastal area as a basic determinant for the blue-green economy as well as to analyze the development level of the blue-green economy in European Union, Croatia and PGKC. This paper determined the spatial, geographical, technical-technological and economical potential of PGKC, defined the regional advantages, peculiarities and limits of the blue-green economy implementation in PGKC and set the recommendations for the balanced development and maximal use of extensive regional potential.
蓝色发展和蓝色经济是相对较新的术语,尽管蓝色经济已经发展了几个世纪。它在欧洲、克罗地亚或地区层面的潜力是巨大的。新的研究指出,蓝色经济的影响将在未来十年翻一番。虽然自20世纪90年代以来,蓝色经济在理论上就已经存在,但在过去的几年里,绿色经济作为应对全球挑战的一部分,已经被绿色发展、绿色经济、绿色增长等方面所遵循,成为向可持续发展过渡的理想和必要的同义词。从长期可持续性、环境保护和减少自然资源使用的角度定义了绿色经济的定义。认识到蓝绿经济对滨海戈尔斯基科塔尔县(PGKC)发展的重要性,作者描述了该地区发展的潜力和可能性,分析了自然和其他先决条件,并指出了蓝绿经济创新部门的达到水平。本研究的目的是解释沿海地区作为蓝绿经济的基本决定因素的重要性,并分析欧盟、克罗地亚和PGKC的蓝绿经济发展水平。本文从空间、地理、技术、经济等方面确定了该区的发展潜力,明确了该区实施蓝绿经济的区域优势、特点和局限性,提出了均衡发展、最大限度地发挥广泛区域潜力的建议。
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引用次数: 2
Legal regime regulating the laying and protection of submarine cables in the Republic of Croatia 管理克罗地亚共和国海底电缆铺设和保护的法律制度
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.13
I. Jurdana, Biserka Rukavina, Sandra Tominac Coslovich
One of the strategic development priorities of the Republic of Croatia is the development and construction of a modern telecommunications network and the availability of high-speed Internet throughout its territory, especially in rural areas and on islands. To enable this, it is important to build a reliable and resilient communication infrastructure. With the cooperation of all stakeholders in the construction, from telecom operators to local and state administrations responsible for the maritime demesne, and with efficient legislation, it is possible to achieve sustainable development of submarine cable infrastructure.The paper provides an overview of the legal aspects of submarine optical cable infrastructure design and application at the national and international levels. Special attention is dedicated to the analysis of a national legal regime regulating the protection and sustainable use of submarine cables. Thus, the authors will provide critical analysis of a kind of dualism present in the application of the Ordinance on the Register of Concessions and the Ordinance on the Register of Concessions on the Maritime Demesne and offer suggestions for potential improvements of a national legal framework pertaining to the right of laying and legally protecting submarine cables.
克罗地亚共和国的战略发展优先事项之一是发展和建设一个现代电信网络,并在其全境,特别是在农村地区和岛屿上提供高速互联网。为了实现这一点,重要的是建立一个可靠和有弹性的通信基础设施。从电信运营商到负责海洋所有权的地方和国家管理部门,在建设中所有利益相关者的合作下,通过有效的立法,可以实现海底电缆基础设施的可持续发展。本文概述了国内外海底光缆基础设施设计和应用的法律问题。特别注意分析管理海底电缆保护和可持续使用的国家法律制度。因此,作者将对《特许登记条例》和《海洋所有权特许登记条例》的适用中存在的一种二元论进行批判性分析,并就有关铺设海底电缆的权利和法律保护的国家法律框架的潜在改进提出建议。
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引用次数: 1
Predictive analytics as a tool of controlling in decision making process in the marina industry 预测分析作为一种控制码头行业决策过程的工具
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.11
Uwe Lebefromm
This paper is dealing with predictive modeling based on predictive analytics using computer application system and the usage of the prediction results for decision-making processes. Usually the prediction is based on the experience of decision makers, but the aim of this study is to explain and proof higher predictive efficiency when using predictive analytics based on machine learning as well as more accurate future-oriented business decisions. The marina industry in Croatia is used for this research because of its complexity and necessity to predict future events that influence company success with reliable accuracy. The information for decision-making were obtained from the customer database recorded manually over the past 30 years and according to data from December 2020. The optimized prediction by the vector machine and statistical theory based on the Bayes theorem is used to support more accurate prediction. The quantitative research was carried out using the SAP Predictive Analytics (SAP PA) computer application. The results of prediction models are a perfect basis for making future-oriented strategic and tactical decisions. This research proves that, with knowledge obtained from the results of prediction models it is possible to improve the identification of the target group among applicants and customers that contribute to company success. The research provides a theoretical and an empirical contribution in the usage of predictive analytics in the marina industry in Croatia.
本文研究了在计算机应用系统中基于预测分析的预测建模,并将预测结果用于决策过程。通常预测是基于决策者的经验,但本研究的目的是解释和证明使用基于机器学习的预测分析时更高的预测效率以及更准确的面向未来的业务决策。克罗地亚的码头行业被用于这项研究,因为它的复杂性和必要性,以可靠的准确性预测影响公司成功的未来事件。决策信息是根据2020年12月以来的数据,从过去30年人工记录的客户数据库中获得的。利用基于贝叶斯定理的向量机优化预测和统计理论支持更准确的预测。定量研究是利用SAP预测分析(SAP PA)计算机应用程序进行的。预测模型的结果是制定面向未来的战略和战术决策的完美基础。本研究证明,利用从预测模型结果中获得的知识,有可能提高申请人和有助于公司成功的客户之间目标群体的识别。该研究提供了一个理论和在克罗地亚码头行业使用预测分析的经验贡献。
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引用次数: 0
A gas turbine combustion chamber modeling by physical model 燃气轮机燃烧室的物理模型建模
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/P.35.1.4
I. Glavan, I. Poljak, M. Kosor
The validity of the gas turbine unit model largely depends on the accuracy of the flue gas temperature value calculation at the gas turbine inlet (TIT). This temperature is determined by the maximum combustion temperature. In variable running mode, the temperature value is regulated by changing the ratio of air and fuel at the inlet to the combustion chamber. The paper presents a model of a gas turbine combustion chamber using Modelica, an object-oriented language for modeling complex physical systems with the aim of determining the temperature of combustion flue gases, specific heat capacity, enthalpy, and flue gas composition at different gas turbine loads.
燃气轮机机组模型的有效性在很大程度上取决于燃气轮机入口处烟气温度值计算的准确性(TIT)。该温度由最高燃烧温度决定。在可变运行模式下,通过改变燃烧室入口处的空气和燃料的比例来调节温度值。本文使用Modelica提出了一个燃气轮机燃烧室模型,Modelica是一种面向对象的语言,用于建模复杂的物理系统,目的是确定不同燃气轮机负载下燃烧烟气的温度、比热容、焓和烟气成分。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation based calculation of ship motions in extreme seas with a body-exact strip theory approach 基于体精确条带理论的极端海域船舶运动仿真计算
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.5
K. Anil, D. B. Danişman, K. Sariöz
For all design phases of naval vessels, the fidelity of seakeeping calculations in extreme seas is open to discussion due to the inadequacy of the linear theory of ship motions. Currently the computer-generated time series of ship responses and wave height (the real time computer experiments) are utilized to calculate the distribution of the vertical distortion, shear force and bending moment by means of “ship hydroelasticity theory”. Inspired by these studies a simulation based calculation of symmetric ship motions is performed in long crested irregular head seas, in addition with a body-exact strip theory approach. The scope of this study is limited to the ship motions only. Verification is achieved utilizing the spectral analysis procedure which contains the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the smoothing algorithms. The results are compared with the experimental data, and the ANSYS AQWA software results. The simulation results provide adequate data for the extreme responses. This state-of-the-art method in addition with a “body-exact strip theory approach” ensures the consistent assessment of the seakeeping performance in extreme sea condition. As a result, it is evaluated that this calculation method can be used in the design stages of naval platforms.
在舰船设计的各个阶段,由于船舶运动线性理论的不足,在极端海域的耐波性计算的保真度有待讨论。目前利用计算机生成的船舶响应和浪高时间序列(实时计算机实验),利用“船舶水弹性理论”计算垂向变形、剪力和弯矩的分布。在这些研究的启发下,采用精确体条理论方法,对长波峰不规则头海的对称船舶运动进行了仿真计算。本研究的范围仅限于船舶运动。利用包含离散傅立叶变换(DFT)和平滑算法的频谱分析程序实现了验证。将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较,并与ANSYS AQWA软件计算结果进行了比较。仿真结果为极端响应提供了充分的数据。这种最先进的方法加上“精确体条理论方法”,确保了在极端海况下对耐波性能的一致评估。结果表明,该计算方法可用于舰船平台的设计阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis and estimation of amounts of exhaust gas waste heat from the Tier III-compliant dual-fuel low-speed marine main engines 符合Tier III标准的双燃料低速船用主机废气废热量的比较分析和估算
IF 0.6 Q4 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.14
P. Korlak
Existing and future IMO restrictions on emission of harmful substances contained in exhaust gas have introduced an obligation to implement technical solutions to reduce NOX, SOX and CO2 emissions. Reduction in NOX and SOX emissions has been achieved by systems (i.e. SCR and EGR) ensuring Tier III-compliant exhaust gas composition. SCR and EGR systems have also affected the amount of exhaust gas waste heat. Therefore reduction in CO2 emissions has mostly been dependent on available amount of exhaust gas waste heat to produce electricity using waste heat recovery generator unit instead of medium-speed diesel generating set. Comparative analysis of amounts of exhaust gas waste heat in LNG and MGO modes under ISO ambient conditions has been carried out with particular emphasis on the impact of different variants of SCR and EGR systems. Formulae to estimate the amounts of exhaust gas waste heat have been determined using least squares method.
海事组织对废气中有害物质排放的现有和未来限制规定了实施技术解决方案以减少NOX、SOX和CO2排放的义务。NOX和SOX排放的减少是通过确保符合Tier III的废气成分的系统(即SCR和EGR)实现的。SCR和EGR系统也影响了废气废热的量。因此,二氧化碳排放的减少主要取决于使用废热回收发电机组而不是中速柴油发电机组发电的废气废热的可用量。对ISO环境条件下LNG和MGO模式下的废气废热量进行了比较分析,特别强调了SCR和EGR系统的不同变体的影响。使用最小二乘法确定了估算废气废热量的公式。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Pomorstvo-Scientific Journal of Maritime Research
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