Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2280834
Oliver Hadingham
Published in Asian Englishes (Ahead of Print, 2023)
发表于《亚洲英语》（2023 年提前出版）
{"title":"Taking stock of English medium instruction (EMI) outcomes in the Asian context: is EMI leading to content and language gains?","authors":"Oliver Hadingham","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2280834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2280834","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Asian Englishes (Ahead of Print, 2023)","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138547132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2266611
Adem Soruç, Carol Griffiths
ABSTRACTThis study investigated non-English major students’ (N = 322) perceptions of non-standard lexico-grammatical features of English often considered to be acceptable when those without a common first language use English as a lingua franca to facilitate communication. The participants were recruited from diverse national origins (n = 18) studying in various majors (n= 31). A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to students, asking them to rate the items according to how acceptable or unacceptable they considered them to be. According to the results, the students found just two of the items unacceptable; for the remaining items (n = 11) they expressed no strong opinion. This would seem to suggest a degree of ambivalence: on one hand the students in this study were reasonably tolerant of most of the targeted features, but on the other they held back from being openly accepting. Implications of these findings for teaching practice will be discussed with suggestions for further research.KEYWORDS: English as a lingua francaELFnative speakernon-native speakercorrectness Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
{"title":"The role of ‘correctness’ in the age of English as a lingua franca: implications for teaching practice","authors":"Adem Soruç, Carol Griffiths","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2266611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2266611","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study investigated non-English major students’ (N = 322) perceptions of non-standard lexico-grammatical features of English often considered to be acceptable when those without a common first language use English as a lingua franca to facilitate communication. The participants were recruited from diverse national origins (n = 18) studying in various majors (n= 31). A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to students, asking them to rate the items according to how acceptable or unacceptable they considered them to be. According to the results, the students found just two of the items unacceptable; for the remaining items (n = 11) they expressed no strong opinion. This would seem to suggest a degree of ambivalence: on one hand the students in this study were reasonably tolerant of most of the targeted features, but on the other they held back from being openly accepting. Implications of these findings for teaching practice will be discussed with suggestions for further research.KEYWORDS: English as a lingua francaELFnative speakernon-native speakercorrectness Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251771
Wilkinson Daniel Wong Gonzales
ABSTRACTThis article presents the Twitter Corpus of English in Hong Kong (TCOEHK): a 123-million-word corpus derived from sampling tweets across the 18 districts and three geographical (macro-)regions of Hong Kong from 2010 to 2022. It introduces the corpus and demonstrates its utility by examining four linguistic variables found in English in Hong Kong (EngHK) and the dominant variety Hong Kong English (HKE): tense marking, ‘-ize/-ise’ suffix use, adverb syntactic position, and copula (non-)use. It explores their relationship with intralinguistic, stylistic (e.g. formality), and extralinguistic factors (e.g. region, year, affect). The findings show that the distribution of variants in all four variables (e.g. rates of -ize use) is similar to the patterns identified in prior HKE work. In addition to confirming previous research, the results also reveal how intralinguistic, stylistic, and extralinguistic factors can each influence the distribution of variants differently depending on the variable studied, highlighting the complex and ever-changing nature of EngHK. The availability of social metadata and the large size of the TCOEHK make it viable for examining (socio)linguistic variation and changes in contemporary (Twitter-style) EngHK, as well as potential regional and social sub-varieties/styles within EngHK. It promises to advance research on variation and change in EngHK.KEYWORDS: English in Hong Konglanguage variation and changeregional variationBayesian and deep learning methodslanguage and social media AcknowledgementsThis article has benefitted from the support of The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Arts Direct Grant (Exploring Variation and Change in Chinese-related Multilingual Practices in East Asia, Project # 4051228).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251771Notes1. Since early 2023, Twitter has altered its API access, making it impossible for the public to scrape geo-location data without paying a large sum of money. This has made the TCOEHK additionally valuable.2. See http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RBFCH.3. Both style predictors were estimated using Grafmiller, Szmrecsanyi, and Hinrichs' (Citation2018) method.4. I included ‘North vs. non-North’ as a variable as the North district is close to the Mainland border (see Figure 4), and speakers of English in this area may have patterns that differ from speakers living away from the border. This is plausible given the research on sociopolitical borders (including the Hong Kong–Shenzhen China border), which have uncovered the existence of complex and dynamic identities and the central role linguistic behavior plays in constructing and negotiating between identities (Danielewicz-Betz & Graddol, Citation2014; Holguín Mendoza, Citation2018; Watt, Llamas, Docherty, Hall, & Nycz, Citation2022).5. Sentiment was extract
{"title":"From tweets to trends: analyzing sociolinguistic variation and change using the Twitter Corpus of English in Hong Kong (TCOEHK)","authors":"Wilkinson Daniel Wong Gonzales","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251771","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article presents the Twitter Corpus of English in Hong Kong (TCOEHK): a 123-million-word corpus derived from sampling tweets across the 18 districts and three geographical (macro-)regions of Hong Kong from 2010 to 2022. It introduces the corpus and demonstrates its utility by examining four linguistic variables found in English in Hong Kong (EngHK) and the dominant variety Hong Kong English (HKE): tense marking, ‘-ize/-ise’ suffix use, adverb syntactic position, and copula (non-)use. It explores their relationship with intralinguistic, stylistic (e.g. formality), and extralinguistic factors (e.g. region, year, affect). The findings show that the distribution of variants in all four variables (e.g. rates of -ize use) is similar to the patterns identified in prior HKE work. In addition to confirming previous research, the results also reveal how intralinguistic, stylistic, and extralinguistic factors can each influence the distribution of variants differently depending on the variable studied, highlighting the complex and ever-changing nature of EngHK. The availability of social metadata and the large size of the TCOEHK make it viable for examining (socio)linguistic variation and changes in contemporary (Twitter-style) EngHK, as well as potential regional and social sub-varieties/styles within EngHK. It promises to advance research on variation and change in EngHK.KEYWORDS: English in Hong Konglanguage variation and changeregional variationBayesian and deep learning methodslanguage and social media AcknowledgementsThis article has benefitted from the support of The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Arts Direct Grant (Exploring Variation and Change in Chinese-related Multilingual Practices in East Asia, Project # 4051228).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251771Notes1. Since early 2023, Twitter has altered its API access, making it impossible for the public to scrape geo-location data without paying a large sum of money. This has made the TCOEHK additionally valuable.2. See http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RBFCH.3. Both style predictors were estimated using Grafmiller, Szmrecsanyi, and Hinrichs' (Citation2018) method.4. I included ‘North vs. non-North’ as a variable as the North district is close to the Mainland border (see Figure 4), and speakers of English in this area may have patterns that differ from speakers living away from the border. This is plausible given the research on sociopolitical borders (including the Hong Kong–Shenzhen China border), which have uncovered the existence of complex and dynamic identities and the central role linguistic behavior plays in constructing and negotiating between identities (Danielewicz-Betz & Graddol, Citation2014; Holguín Mendoza, Citation2018; Watt, Llamas, Docherty, Hall, & Nycz, Citation2022).5. Sentiment was extract","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135824955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-24DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2257946
Karizza P. Bravo-Sotelo, James McLellan, Noor Azam Haji-Othman
ABSTRACTImplementing mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines opens opportunities for learner inclusion and access, which is also in harmony with UNESCO's Sustainable Development Goal 4 aimed at achieving quality and inclusive education for all. However, recent attempts to revert to Filipino–English bilingual education foreground the ideological tug-of-war that continues to impact policymakers, researchers, educators, and, most importantly, Filipino learners. As the bilingual model is believed to be valuable to economic and technological growth, the role and relevance of MTB-MLE in a globalized world are challenged. We argue that language views espousing covert dominance continue to permeate language policy discourses in the Philippines, which can impact classroom learning and instruction. Hence, this article analyzes the historical milestones of languages in education and looks at how linguistic imperialism is entrenched in language policies. It also situates language use in the Philippines within a broader sociolinguistic context in which it operates. The article concludes with an inclusive framework on language policy implementation, the Naverin (national, vernacular, and international) model, proposing a balanced view of using various linguistic resources, which might be relevant to other multilingual societies in Southeast Asia.KEYWORDS: mother tongue-based multilingual educationPhilippineslanguage policiesbilingual educationEnglishlinguistic imperialism AcknowledgementsThe authors are grateful to the anonymous peer reviewers for their insightful comments and to the first author’s fellow PhD student, Awais Rubbani, for commenting on the revised version of this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the None [None].
{"title":"The ideological tug-of-war of language policies in the Philippines: perspectives and proposal","authors":"Karizza P. Bravo-Sotelo, James McLellan, Noor Azam Haji-Othman","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2257946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2257946","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTImplementing mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in the Philippines opens opportunities for learner inclusion and access, which is also in harmony with UNESCO's Sustainable Development Goal 4 aimed at achieving quality and inclusive education for all. However, recent attempts to revert to Filipino–English bilingual education foreground the ideological tug-of-war that continues to impact policymakers, researchers, educators, and, most importantly, Filipino learners. As the bilingual model is believed to be valuable to economic and technological growth, the role and relevance of MTB-MLE in a globalized world are challenged. We argue that language views espousing covert dominance continue to permeate language policy discourses in the Philippines, which can impact classroom learning and instruction. Hence, this article analyzes the historical milestones of languages in education and looks at how linguistic imperialism is entrenched in language policies. It also situates language use in the Philippines within a broader sociolinguistic context in which it operates. The article concludes with an inclusive framework on language policy implementation, the Naverin (national, vernacular, and international) model, proposing a balanced view of using various linguistic resources, which might be relevant to other multilingual societies in Southeast Asia.KEYWORDS: mother tongue-based multilingual educationPhilippineslanguage policiesbilingual educationEnglishlinguistic imperialism AcknowledgementsThe authors are grateful to the anonymous peer reviewers for their insightful comments and to the first author’s fellow PhD student, Awais Rubbani, for commenting on the revised version of this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the None [None].","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251754
Evangeline Lin
ABSTRACTCambodia’s multilingual and multicultural ecology has in recent decades been largely influenced by globalisation and tourism. International businesses within the tourism industry, such as hotels, often impact the multilingual ecology of societies when they bring with them their linguistic practices and attitudes. This article thus presents the findings from a multi-case study of the linguistic landscape in four hotels in Phnom Penh, which seeks to investigate how language policy and language attitudes influence language use in hotels. A small sample of public signs in four different four-star and five-star hotels was qualitatively analysed and the findings used to complement existing literature on spoken language in hotels. The findings reveal the dominance of English, as well as the visibility of Chinese and Khmer in the linguistic landscape, and the factors contributing to each language’s level of prominence are discussed.KEYWORDS: Linguistic landscapeCambodiaPhnom Penhglobalisationmultilingualismlanguage policylanguage attitudes AcknowledgementsThe author thanks their contacts in Cambodia for collecting data on the LL across various hotels. The author also thanks the anonymous reviewers for their careful reading of the manuscript and their many insightful comments and suggestions. The author also thanks Dr Rita Silver and Dr Mark Seilhamer for their valuable comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Finally, the author is grateful for the NTU Research Scholarship that enables their research work.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
{"title":"Language and tourism in Cambodia: a multi-case study of the linguistic landscape in Phnom Penh hotels","authors":"Evangeline Lin","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251754","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCambodia’s multilingual and multicultural ecology has in recent decades been largely influenced by globalisation and tourism. International businesses within the tourism industry, such as hotels, often impact the multilingual ecology of societies when they bring with them their linguistic practices and attitudes. This article thus presents the findings from a multi-case study of the linguistic landscape in four hotels in Phnom Penh, which seeks to investigate how language policy and language attitudes influence language use in hotels. A small sample of public signs in four different four-star and five-star hotels was qualitatively analysed and the findings used to complement existing literature on spoken language in hotels. The findings reveal the dominance of English, as well as the visibility of Chinese and Khmer in the linguistic landscape, and the factors contributing to each language’s level of prominence are discussed.KEYWORDS: Linguistic landscapeCambodiaPhnom Penhglobalisationmultilingualismlanguage policylanguage attitudes AcknowledgementsThe author thanks their contacts in Cambodia for collecting data on the LL across various hotels. The author also thanks the anonymous reviewers for their careful reading of the manuscript and their many insightful comments and suggestions. The author also thanks Dr Rita Silver and Dr Mark Seilhamer for their valuable comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Finally, the author is grateful for the NTU Research Scholarship that enables their research work.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251731
George O’Neal
ABSTRACTThe Functional Load (FL) principle predicts that a high FL phonemic substitution lowers the intelligbility more than a low FL phonemic substitution. However, as yet no study has comprehensively investigated whether contextual information could attenuate any loss of intelligibility due to FL phonemic substitutions. As such, this study investigates the triangular relationship among the FL principle, word level intelligibility, and contextual information within a sentence. A Chinese speaker of English recorded sentences with more and with less contextual information that also had words with no FL substitutions, low FL substitutions, and high FL substitutions. Japanese university students transcribed the missing words from each sentence. The central hypothesis of this study is that missing words with more contextual information within their sentences will be more intelligible than missing words with less contextual information, regardless of any FL substitution. The results supported some of the hypotheses of this study, but not all.KEYWORDS: Functional LoadintelligibilityEnglish as a lingua francapronunciationcontext Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251731Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19K13220].
{"title":"Does contextual information within a sentence affect the relationship between word level intelligibility and the Functional Load principle among ELF users? A preliminary study","authors":"George O’Neal","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251731","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe Functional Load (FL) principle predicts that a high FL phonemic substitution lowers the intelligbility more than a low FL phonemic substitution. However, as yet no study has comprehensively investigated whether contextual information could attenuate any loss of intelligibility due to FL phonemic substitutions. As such, this study investigates the triangular relationship among the FL principle, word level intelligibility, and contextual information within a sentence. A Chinese speaker of English recorded sentences with more and with less contextual information that also had words with no FL substitutions, low FL substitutions, and high FL substitutions. Japanese university students transcribed the missing words from each sentence. The central hypothesis of this study is that missing words with more contextual information within their sentences will be more intelligible than missing words with less contextual information, regardless of any FL substitution. The results supported some of the hypotheses of this study, but not all.KEYWORDS: Functional LoadintelligibilityEnglish as a lingua francapronunciationcontext Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251731Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19K13220].","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135060886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Official policies of English language education in Iran: ‘policy as discourse’ in national documents","authors":"Seyyed-Abdolhamid Mirhosseini, Mahshid Miryouness Haghi","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47513639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251743
Bee Kee Ng, Poh Shin Chiew
{"title":"L1 Influence on Stop Consonant Production: A Case Study of Malaysian Mandarin-English Bilinguals","authors":"Bee Kee Ng, Poh Shin Chiew","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251743","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47522840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251739
Krich Rajprasit
{"title":"MOOC-ing around ‘Englishes’ by Thai students: applying the GELT framework","authors":"Krich Rajprasit","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48574803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1080/13488678.2023.2251732
Chi Wui Ng
{"title":"Relative clauses in written Hong Kong English: a corpus-based study of untimed student essays","authors":"Chi Wui Ng","doi":"10.1080/13488678.2023.2251732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2023.2251732","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44117,"journal":{"name":"Asian Englishes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42947916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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