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The Grotte du Renne, Leroi-Gourhan and Flaubert's La Légende de Saint Julien l'Hospitalier (1877): The Question of ‘Préhistoire(s)’ to Delimit the Human 勒罗伊·古尔汉(Leroi Gourhan)和福楼拜(Flaubert)的《圣朱利安医院》(1877年):人类精神错乱的“史前”问题
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.3366/para.2021.0374
M. Orr
This article reconsiders the important work of Leroi-Gourhan through the lens of Christopher Johnson's ‘Leroi-Gourhan and the Limits of the Human’ (2011) by returning to the context of French prehistory of the 1860s that lies behind Leroi-Gourhan's discoveries and interpretations of hominid remains and artefacts in the Grotte du Renne. The Exposition universelle of 1867 and French publications of the period capture the importance of ‘préhistoire’ for Second Empire France materialized in Napoleon III's establishment at Saint-Germain-en-Laye of the first national Musée des Antiquités Nationales dedicated to their collections. The archaeological discoveries, and the debates they inspired, did not escape the encyclopaedic bricolage and designs of Flaubert. With delicious clins d'oeil to the question of ‘l'homme fossile’ and ‘l'homme futur’ that he had already debated with Louis Bouilhet, this article uncovers how Flaubert's Légende de Saint Julien details the ‘limits of the human’ in Johnson's reading of Leroi-Gourhan. By returning to ‘real’ counterparts for the legendary Stag in Flaubert's tale, its contextual, allegedly fantastical, ‘préhistoires’ can better be excavated. To find the non-legendary, extreme contemporary, sources for Flaubert's disturbing text crucially informs a critique of the dehistoricization of seeing in post-war French cultural studies and sciences of the human.
本文通过克里斯托弗·约翰逊(Christopher Johnson)的《勒罗伊·古尔汉与人类的极限》(Leroi Gourhan and the Limits of the Human)(2011)的镜头,重新思考了勒罗伊·古尔汉的重要作品,回到了19世纪60年代法国史前史的背景下,这正是勒罗伊·古汉在雷恩河发现和解释人类遗骸和手工艺品的背后。1867年的世博会和这一时期的法国出版物捕捉到了“历史”对法兰西第二帝国的重要性,拿破仑三世在圣日耳曼建立了第一个国家古董博物馆,专门收藏他们的藏品。考古发现及其引发的争论并没有逃脱福楼拜百科全书式的拼凑和设计。这篇文章对他已经与路易·布伊莱特辩论过的“人类化石”和“人类未来”问题进行了精彩的探讨,揭示了福楼拜的《圣朱利安的légende de Saint Julien》如何在约翰逊对勒罗伊·古汉的解读中详细阐述了“人类的极限”。通过回到福楼拜故事中传说中的雄鹿的“真实”对应物,可以更好地挖掘其背景,据称是幻想的“历史”。为福楼拜令人不安的文本寻找非传奇的、极端的当代来源,至关重要地为批判战后法国文化研究和人类科学中的去历史化提供了信息。
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引用次数: 1
Leroi-Gourhan and the Evolution of Forms Leroi-Gourhan和形式的进化
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.3366/para.2021.0373
Christopher Johnson
The prehistorian André Leroi-Gourhan envisages technological behaviour along a continuum of manual activity extending to artistic production. His work on Palaeolithic cave art, which dominates the final phase of his career, builds on parameters set out in the 1950s and 1960s, and indeed early works on figuration ( Bestiaire du bronze chinois (1936) and Documents pour l'art comparé (1943)) already use the methodology which characterizes his Préhistoire de l'art occidental (1965). Nevertheless, there is a qualitative shift in Leroi-Gourhan's post-war work in response to structuralism and in dialogue with his work on human evolution. Le Geste et la Parole (1964–5) represents an important point of mediation, describing the physiological foundations of aesthetic experience and the stages of development which precede figuration. Leroi-Gourhan argues for the normality of Palaeolithic art as an artistic tradition while insisting on its absolute otherness. The mind in the cave is capable of the most abstract and esoteric variations of form and content, but also represents an alternative world to our own.
史前学家AndréLeroi Gourhan设想了一种从手工活动延伸到艺术生产的连续性技术行为。他在旧石器时代洞穴艺术方面的工作,主导了他职业生涯的最后阶段,建立在20世纪50年代和60年代设定的参数之上,事实上,早期的造型作品(《青铜中国》(1936)和《艺术比较文献》(1943))已经使用了他西方艺术史(1965)的方法论。尽管如此,勒罗伊·古尔汉的战后作品还是发生了质的转变,以回应结构主义,并与他关于人类进化的作品对话。Le Geste et la Parole(1964–5)代表了一个重要的中介点,描述了审美体验的生理基础和塑造之前的发展阶段。Leroi Gourhan主张旧石器时代艺术作为一种艺术传统的正常性,同时坚持其绝对的另类性。洞穴中的心灵能够在形式和内容上进行最抽象、最深奥的变化,但也代表了我们自己的另一个世界。
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引用次数: 0
Nathalie Sarraute on the Brink 娜塔莉·萨洛特在悬崖边
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0368
Naomi Toth
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引用次数: 0
The Ordinary Contested, Laruelle contra Deleuze and Guattari 《平凡之争》,《德勒兹与瓜塔里》
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0367
Andrew Sackin-Poll
This article addresses the question of the relationship between corporeality and the ordinary in the works of François Laruelle. This is done through the formulation of the ‘ordinary body’ that draws from across Laruelle's work on the ordinary, corporeality and photography in order to outline Laruelle's radically immanent account of embodiment. The critical outline of Laruellean corporeality and the ordinary body is drawn out via a critical posing of Laruelle in contrast to Deleuze and Guattari. In doing so, the article indicates the singular difference between Laruelle, on one side, and Deleuze and Guattari, on the other, with respect to corporeal immanence and the usage of the everyday and ordinary. The article concludes with an argument that the relationship between the body and the ordinary in Laruelle's thought implies a novel non-philosophical or non-standard ‘poetics’ and usage of the ordinary.
本文探讨了弗朗索瓦·拉鲁埃勒作品中的物质性与普通性之间的关系问题。这是通过“普通身体”的表述来实现的,该表述借鉴了拉鲁埃勒关于普通、身体和摄影的作品,以勾勒出拉鲁埃莱对化身的根本内在描述。拉鲁埃勒对德勒兹和瓜塔里的批判姿态,勾勒出了拉鲁埃莱身体和普通身体的批判轮廓。在这样做的过程中,文章指出了拉鲁埃勒与德勒兹和瓜塔里在物质内在性以及日常和普通用法方面的独特差异。文章最后认为,拉鲁埃勒思想中身体与普通的关系隐含着一种非哲学或非标准的“诗学”和对普通的使用。
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引用次数: 0
The Vertigos of Coining: ‘Michel Houellebecq’, Or, What Names Remain(s)? 创作的眩晕:“Michel Houellebecq”,还是,还剩下哪些名字?
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0362
James Dutton
Writing remains. One could argue that it is precisely because of this uncanny and unpredictable survival that inscription holds an inextricable influence on culture. Deconstructive theory posits this as the ‘biodegradability’ of writing — that culture consumes writing's intended meaning, employing it as fuel for its own survival. In this article, I argue for Michel Houellebecq's awareness of this survival, suggesting that his texts stage their — and their author's — own biodegradability to interweave truth and fiction. Particularly, he utilizes the ‘untranslatability’ of the proper name — its brief resistance to cultural biodegradability — to intercept and write into the future(s) inscription is tied to. This draws attention to the vital paradox of proper names, and suggests that their untranslatability forces every reader to conjure different, contradicting and often ‘out-of-sync’ histories. Houellebecq's names, which necessitate an interminable coining, gesture to the inevitable (re)translation of finitude.
写作仍然存在。有人可能会说,正是由于这种不可思议和不可预测的生存,铭文对文化有着不可分割的影响。解构主义理论认为这是写作的“生物可降解性”——文化消耗了写作的本意,将其作为自身生存的燃料。在这篇文章中,我支持Michel Houellebecq对这种生存的意识,认为他的文本展示了它们——以及它们的作者——自己的生物降解性,将真实与虚构交织在一起。特别是,他利用了专有名称的“不可译性”——它对文化生物降解性的短暂抵抗——来拦截和书写与铭文相关的未来。这让人们注意到专有名称的重要悖论,并表明它们的不可翻译性迫使每个读者联想到不同的、相互矛盾的、经常“不同步”的历史。Houellebecq的名字,这需要一个无休止的创造,手势不可避免的(重新)翻译的有限性。
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引用次数: 0
The Wounds of Rhetoric: Derrida on Condillac and Rousseau 修辞学的创伤:德里达论孔迪拉克和卢梭
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0365
S. Gaston
The publication of Derrida's fragment Le Calcul des langues — Distyle offers an insight into Derrida's negotiation with empiricism and his rethinking of rhetoric in the early 1970s. Delineating Condillac's pervasive idealization of empiricism, Derrida gestures to a pain-becoming-pleasure and pleasure-becoming-pain that resists the fixed identity of the proper body. His emphasis on the pains and wounds of rhetoric registers both the limits of Condillac's philosophical project (rhetoric re-marks the excess of metaphor and the sensuous origins of language) and the possibility of another kind of empiricism, of the gaps that border on the word and the body. The article includes a reading of rhetoric and sex in Rousseau, as a gesture to Derrida's still unpublished seminar on rhetoric. It closes with an examination of the two-columned nature of Derrida's work, which ends mid-word (on the left) and mid-sentence (on the right).
德里达的《语言计算——迪斯泰尔》片段的出版,让我们深入了解了德里达在20世纪70年代初与经验主义的谈判以及他对修辞学的反思。德里达描绘了康迪拉克对经验主义的普遍理想化,他将痛苦变为快乐,将快乐变为痛苦,以此来抵制固有身体的固定身份。他对修辞学的痛苦和创伤的强调既体现了康迪拉克哲学项目的局限性(修辞学重新标志着隐喻的过度和语言的感性起源),也体现了另一种经验主义的可能性,即语言和身体之间的差距。这篇文章包括对卢梭的修辞和性的解读,作为对德里达尚未发表的修辞研讨会的一种姿态。它以对德里达作品的两栏性质的考察结束,这两栏分别以单词中间(在左边)和句子中间(在右边)结束。
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引用次数: 0
Rhetoric and Rhythm — Derrida, Nancy and the Poetics of Drawing 修辞与节奏——德里达、南希与绘画诗学
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0363
Thomas Gould
Opening with a consideration of the distribution of the two graphic acts — drawing and writing — this article offers a comparative study of Jacques Derrida's and Jean-Luc Nancy's respective exhibitions and catalogue essays on the subject of drawing. Through a comparative examination of what I take to be their central theoretical contributions to the study of drawing — Derrida its ‘rhetoric’, Nancy its ‘rhythm’ — this article moves on to suggest how these concepts inform a theory of poetic lineation.
开放的考虑这两个图形的分布行为——绘画和写作这篇文章提供了一个比较研究的雅克·德里达和jean - luc南希的各自的展览和目录文章画的主题。通过对我认为是他们对绘画研究的核心理论贡献的比较研究——德里达的“修辞”,南希的“节奏”——这篇文章继续提出这些概念如何为诗歌线条理论提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
The Logician of Madness: Fanon's Lacan 疯狂的逻辑学家:法农的拉康
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0366
Sinan Richards
In recent years, commentators have begun to re-examine the proximity of Frantz Fanon's and Jacques Lacan's work — a proximity which has traditionally been underappreciated. This article adds to these voices, demonstrating the reciprocal intellectual relationship between these two figures. It develops five interrelated arguments to chart this proximity. First, it emphasizes Lacan's and Fanon's connections through their ontological perspectives on madness. Second, it arbitrates the two theorists’ criticisms of the limits of Western psychoanalysis. Third, it shows the importance placed by both on social structures in determining mental illnesses. Next, it demonstrates the centrality of their common understanding of psychosis. Finally, it argues that Lacan's argument in The Sinthome concerning the colonizer's power is inherited from Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks — itself influenced by Lacan's early theory of language. The article does not attempt to cast Fanon as an apprentice Lacanian but rather to argue that reciprocity helped shape both oeuvres.
近年来,评论家们开始重新审视Frantz Fanon和Jacques Lacan作品的接近性——这种接近性传统上被低估了。这篇文章增加了这些声音,展示了这两个人物之间的相互智力关系。它提出了五个相互关联的论点来描绘这种接近性。首先,它通过拉康和法农对疯狂的本体论视角来强调他们之间的联系。其次,它对两位理论家对西方精神分析局限性的批评进行了仲裁。第三,它显示了两者在决定精神疾病时对社会结构的重视。接下来,它展示了他们对精神病的共同理解的中心地位。最后,它认为拉康在《深谋远虑》中关于殖民者权力的论点继承了法农的《黑皮肤,白面具》,这本身就受到了拉康早期语言理论的影响。这篇文章并没有试图把法农塑造成拉康的学徒,而是认为互惠互利有助于塑造这两部作品。
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引用次数: 1
Listening Through Language: Jean-Luc Nancy and Pierre Schaeffer 通过语言倾听:让-吕克·南希和皮埃尔·谢弗
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0364
I. Reyner
This article addresses the role of auditory-related verbs in the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and Pierre Schaeffer in order to shed light on a broader tendency in French thought. Through a comparative reading of the ways in which Nancy, in Listening, and Schaeffer, in Treatise on Musical Objects, mobilize verbs such as écouter and entendre, I connect the issue of language to debates about descriptive and prescriptive approaches towards listening. Drawing on the Dictionary of Untranslatables, I argue that Nancy's and Schaeffer's engagements with listening can be mapped onto historical modes of framing politics and ethics, which are also characterized by descriptive and prescriptive approaches. By showing how theories of listening connect to political and ethical debates, this study discusses the ideological instrumentalization of listening as opposed to more descriptive and exploratory forms of engagement in the auditory and the faculty of the ear.
本文工作的地址auditory-related动词的作用让-吕克·南希和皮埃尔·斯为了阐明一个更广泛的趋势在法国的想法。通过对比阅读南希在《听力》和谢弗在《论音乐对象》中使用动词(如:和endre)的方式,我将语言问题与关于描述和规定的听力方法的辩论联系起来。根据《不可译物词典》,我认为南希和谢弗对倾听的参与可以映射到构建政治和伦理的历史模式上,这些模式也以描述性和规定性的方法为特征。通过展示倾听理论如何与政治和伦理辩论相联系,本研究讨论了倾听的意识形态工具化,而不是更多描述性和探索性的听觉和听觉能力参与形式。
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引用次数: 0
Sarah Kofman and the Allure of Music 莎拉·科夫曼与音乐的诱惑
IF 0.1 4区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.3366/PARA.2021.0355
Cosmin Toma
This article delves into the discreet yet persistent presence of music in Sarah Kofman's work. Three strands or movements of unequal length are explored here, each of which touches upon a specific volume of Kofman's: Nietzsche and Metaphor, L'Imposture de la beauté and, lastly, Rue Ordener, Rue Labat. More specifically, the article shows how her interpretations of Nietzsche's writings on music are almost paradigmatically neutral in their readerly fidelity to the originals, whereas Rue Ordener, Rue Labat suggests a more emotionally charged rapport with music. In closing, the article considers the possibility that these two, ostensibly divergent modes of reading and writing are very much in tune with each other in that they blur the line between interprétation as philosophical commentary and interprétation as musical performance.
这篇文章深入探讨了音乐在莎拉·科夫曼作品中谨慎而持久的存在。这里探讨了三条长度不等的线索或运动,每一条都涉及到考夫曼的一本特定的书:《尼采与隐喻》、《美丽的化身》,最后是《奥德纳街》、《拉巴特街》。更具体地说,这篇文章展示了她对尼采音乐作品的解读是如何在阅读上对原作保持中立的,而Rue Ordener,Rue Labat则暗示了她与音乐之间更具情感色彩的关系。最后,文章认为,这两种表面上不同的阅读和写作模式可能非常一致,因为它们模糊了作为哲学评论的解释和作为音乐表演的解释之间的界限。
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引用次数: 0
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