Water Research最新文献_第5页

The trojan horse in agricultural water: How microbe-mediated interactions of nanoplastics and flame retardants drive multiscale toxicity and seed transmission in rye 农业用水中的特洛伊木马：微生物介导的纳米塑料和阻燃剂的相互作用如何驱动黑麦的多尺度毒性和种子传播

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125496

Jinke Hu , Wenglong Hu , Guozhang Bao , Ziming Fu , Yiyang Li , Ningning Xing

Agricultural irrigation water serves as a critical vector for the co-transport of emerging contaminants like nanoplastics and organophosphate flame retardants, posing a poorly understood risk to crop safety and water quality. This study employed a combination of hydroponic exposure (simulating contaminated irrigation), long-term cultivation, multi-omics (transcriptomics and metabolomics), physiological assays, and computational simulations to elucidate the multiscale toxic mechanisms of aminated polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs-NH₂) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TEP) in rye. We deciphered a clear toxic pathway: In the aqueous phase, van der Waals forces drove the formation of a stable NP-TEP complex with enhanced bioavailability. This complex accumulated in roots and was translocated to seeds, inducing synergistic oxidative burst (H₂O₂ increased >600%) and direct physical damage to cellular structures (e.g., starch granules and chloroplasts). Molecular docking confirmed NPs-NH₂ binding to photosystem I proteins, while TEP inhibited key metabolic enzymes (PAL, nsLTP2). Multi-omics revealed systemic reprogramming, where energy metabolism was disrupted and resources were reallocated to defense pathways (e.g., phenylpropanoid biosynthesis), at the cost of growth and nutrient storage. Consequently, co-exposure via irrigation water led to severe phenotypic injuries: synergistic inhibition of photosynthesis (net photosynthetic rate reduced by 64.9%), biomass, and seed yield (thousand-grain weight decreased), with both pollutants detected within seeds. This work defines a concrete pathway from molecular interaction in water to phenotypic damage, demonstrating that combined pollutant exposure via agricultural water poses a greater threat to crop productivity and food safety than individual contaminants, underscoring the urgent need to consider interaction mechanisms in water quality risk assessment.

农业灌溉水是纳米塑料和有机磷阻燃剂等新兴污染物共同运输的关键载体，对作物安全和水质构成了鲜为人知的风险。本研究采用水培暴露（模拟污染灌溉）、长期栽培、多组学（转录组学和代谢组学）、生理实验和计算模拟相结合的方法，阐明了胺化聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（NPs-NH₂）和三磷酸（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）磷酸（TEP）在黑麦中的多尺度毒性机制。我们破译了一个明确的毒性途径：在水相中，范德华力驱动形成稳定的NP-TEP复合物，增强了生物利用度。这种复合物在根中积累并转移到种子中，诱导协同氧化爆发（h2o2增加600%）和对细胞结构（如淀粉颗粒和叶绿体）的直接物理损伤。分子对接证实NPs-NH 2与光系统I蛋白结合，而TEP抑制关键代谢酶（PAL, nsLTP2）。多组学揭示了系统性重编程，其中能量代谢被破坏，资源被重新分配到防御途径（例如苯丙素生物合成），以牺牲生长和营养储存为代价。因此，通过灌溉水共暴露导致了严重的表型伤害：光合作用（净光合速率降低64.9%）、生物量和种子产量（千粒重下降）的协同抑制，种子内检测到这两种污染物。这项工作定义了从水中分子相互作用到表型损害的具体途径，表明通过农业用水暴露的综合污染物比单个污染物对作物生产力和食品安全构成更大的威胁，强调了在水质风险评估中考虑相互作用机制的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic optimization of large-scale two-stage brackish water reverse osmosis systems using dimensionless modeling 基于无因次建模的大型两级微咸水反渗透系统技术经济优化

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125404

Muhammad H. Elbassoussi, Omar G. Kaoud, Syed M. Zubair

Large-scale brackish-water reverse osmosis (RO) systems require simultaneous co-design of array layout and operating conditions under discrete sizing constraints. This study extends a validated dimensionless two-stage RO framework to plant-array sizing and solves a multi-objective optimization that minimizes specific energy consumption (

S E C

) and specific cost of water (

S C W

) over feed pressures of 20–40 bar and feed salinities of 3000–15,000 ppm at 30 °C, subject to feasibility constraints that enforce conservative operating limits. For each condition, Pareto fronts are generated, knee points are selected, and global maps are synthesized for performance, decision variables, and feasibility metrics capturing recovery, product quality, and pressure-rating safety margins. Optimal arrays consistently favor a large first stage with a smaller polishing stage (vessel ratio ≈0.40–0.43) and near-standard element loading (6–7 elements per vessel). The optimizer primarily adapts to increasing osmotic loading by increasing the second-stage pressure ratio and the dimensionless active-area parameter (

S_{a}^{*}

), thereby maintaining recovery and product quality. Across the grid, knee-point

S E C

and

S C W

span ∼0.96–2.03 kWh/m³ and 0.67–0.87 $/m³, respectively. A dimensional case study at 22 bar and 5000 ppm yields an overall system recovery of about 77%, with independent DuPont WAVE verification giving 80.3% recovery. The results provide scale-independent design guidance and a tabulated lookup for rapid sizing and benchmarking.

大型微咸水反渗透（RO）系统需要在离散尺寸约束下同时协同设计阵列布局和运行条件。该研究将一个经过验证的无量纲两阶段反渗透框架扩展到工厂阵列规模，并解决了一个多目标优化问题，在进料压力为20-40 bar、进料盐度为3000 - 15000ppm、30°C的条件下，最大限度地降低了比能耗（SECSEC）和比水成本（SCWSCW），但要遵守执行保守操作限制的可行性约束。对于每种情况，生成帕累托前沿，选择拐点，并合成性能、决策变量和可行性指标的全局图，以捕获回收率、产品质量和额定压力安全裕度。最优阵列始终倾向于大一级，小抛光级（容器比≈0.40-0.43）和接近标准的元件负载（每个容器6-7个元件）。优化器主要通过提高二级压力比和无因次有效面积参数（Sa*Sa*）来提高渗透负荷，从而保持回收率和产品质量。在整个电网中，膝点SECSEC和SCWSCW的价格分别为0.96-2.03 kWh/m3和0.67-0.87美元/m3。在22bar和5000 ppm条件下进行的尺寸案例研究显示，整个系统的采收率约为77%，独立的杜邦WAVE验证的采收率为80.3%。结果提供了与规模无关的设计指导和表格查找，用于快速调整大小和基准测试。

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引用次数: 0

Responses of ecological stability in subtropical coastal phytoplankton communities to varying N:P ratios under present and future scenarios 当前和未来情景下亚热带沿海浮游植物群落生态稳定性对N:P比值变化的响应

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125438

Jichen Chen , Yonglong Xiong , Jingke Ge , Xin Zhao , Yuan Feng , Xu Li , Chi Song , Xiao Yang , Rui Zhang , Jin-Yu Terence Yang , Wuchang Zhang , Shengyao Sun , Chao Zhang , Huijie Xue , Dazhi Wang , Kunshan Gao , Guang Gao

Anthropogenic activities are driving elevated N:P ratios in coastal waters and climate change. However, the ecological stability of plankton ecosystems under these combined stressors remains poorly understood. Using 32-day mesocosm experiments, we evaluated how subtropical plankton ecosystems respond to elevated N:P ratios (40:1) under present (20°C, 440 ppm CO₂) and future (23°C, 1000 ppm CO₂) scenarios in the first half period, followed by the next half period of restoration to Redfield ratio (16:1). A control group maintained a N:P ratio of 16:1 throughout the experiment. Elevated N:P stimulated phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity, with more pronounced effects observed under the future climate scenario. After 5-day nutrient restructuring, phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity returned to the control levels. However, a rapid rebound was detected after day 23, particularly under the future scenario. Relative to the present scenario, ecological stability (resistance, resilience, and recovery) of phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity declined in the future scenario. Furthermore, nutrient restructuring led to a marked shift from diatom- to dinoflagellate and chlorophyte-dominated assemblages, which was more significant in the future scenario. Elevated N:P ratios also enhanced grazing rates of zooplankton, with stronger effects in the future scenario, though grazing rates returned to control levels following nutrient restoration. Elevated N:P did not affect elemental stoichiometry immediately but enhanced POC:POP and PON:POP by the end of the experiment, particularly in the future scenario. Our findings highlight that mitigating nitrogen inputs alone may be insufficient to restore coastal ecosystems; climate change would increase the challenges of coastal restoration due to nutrient restructuring.

人为活动正在推动沿海水域氮磷比升高和气候变化。然而，浮游生物生态系统在这些综合压力下的生态稳定性仍然知之甚少。通过32天的中尺度实验，我们评估了亚热带浮游生物生态系统在当前（20°C, 440 ppm CO2）和未来（23°C, 1000 ppm CO2）情景下对N:P比（40:1）升高的响应，以及在恢复到Redfield比（16:1）的后半期。对照组在整个试验过程中保持16:1的氮磷比。N:P升高刺激了浮游植物生物量和初级生产力，在未来气候情景下观察到的影响更为明显。经过5 d的养分重组，浮游植物生物量和初级生产力恢复到对照水平。然而，在第23天之后检测到快速反弹，特别是在未来的情况下。与当前情景相比，未来情景浮游植物生物量和初级生产力的生态稳定性（抗性、恢复力和恢复力）有所下降。此外，营养物重组导致以硅藻为主的组合向以甲藻和绿藻为主的组合明显转变，这在未来的情景中更为显著。氮磷比的提高也提高了浮游动物的放牧率，在未来的情景中会有更强的影响，尽管放牧率在养分恢复后会恢复到控制水平。升高的N:P不会立即影响元素化学计量，但会在实验结束时增强POC:POP和PON:POP，特别是在未来的情景中。我们的研究结果强调，仅仅减少氮输入可能不足以恢复沿海生态系统；气候变化将增加沿海恢复的挑战，因为营养物质的重组。

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引用次数: 0

Future risks of cyanobacterial blooms in lakes unveiled by open access data and integrated machine learning models 开放获取数据和集成机器学习模型揭示了湖泊蓝藻繁殖的未来风险

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125428

Cheng Chen , Yang Liu , Zheng Sun , Qiuwen Chen , Jianyun Zhang , Jinge Ma , Mengnan He

Future projections of cyanobacterial blooms is of great significance for ecological risks management in lakes under the combined influences of human activities and climate change. However, due to the lack of long-term data on cyanobacterial blooms and the uncertainty of future prediction models, our current understanding of continental-scale cyanobacterial blooms is still insufficient. This study developed an improved Commission Internationale de l´Eclairage (CIE)-based algorithm with multi-mask correction for continental-scale automated detection of cyanobacterial blooms in 185 Chinese lakes from 1984 to 2021 by using 30 m resolution Landsat satellite images, and the future projections of cyanobacterial blooms from 2021 to 2100 were achieved by an integrated machine learning prediction model based on Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA). We found that the high values of the maximum area proportion of cyanobacterial blooms (CB_maxA) were predominantly concentrated in eastern China, and the trajectory of geographic center moved gradually southward and eastward from 1980s to 2010s. Over the past four decades, the CB_maxA exhibited a notable upward trend, with an average annual increase of 0.11%. Climate (42.0%) and human activity (32.3%) variables are primary drivers nationwide, with a 28.6% interactive contribution. In particular, temperature exerts significant positive influences on CB_maxA at the national scale. Under future climate scenarios, the CB_maxA is projected to increase 0.34% per decade, notably in the southern China where with severe cyanobacterial blooms. This study highlights the profound impact of temperature on future cyanobacterial blooms at the national scale and the significant interaction between climate change and human activities. Our approach demonstrates strong applicability and transferability, characterized by accessible input data and robust model, which is crucial for lake ecological risks prevention under changing environments.

未来蓝藻华的预测对人类活动和气候变化共同影响下湖泊生态风险管理具有重要意义。然而，由于缺乏蓝藻华的长期数据和未来预测模型的不确定性，我们目前对大陆规模蓝藻华的了解仍然不足。利用30 m分辨率的Landsat卫星图像，开发了一种改进的基于CIE （Commission Internationale del’Eclairage）的算法，用于1984 - 2021年中国185个湖泊蓝藻华的大陆尺度自动检测，并通过基于贝叶斯模型平均（BMA）的集成机器学习预测模型实现了2021 - 2100年蓝藻华的未来预测。研究发现，20世纪80年代至2010年代，蓝藻华最大面积比例（CBmaxA）的高值区主要集中在中国东部，地理中心逐渐向南、向东移动。近40年来，CBmaxA呈明显上升趋势，年均增长0.11%。在全国范围内，气候（42.0%）和人类活动（32.3%）变量是主要驱动因素，其中交互贡献为28.6%。特别是在国家尺度上，温度对CBmaxA有显著的正向影响。在未来的气候情景下，CBmaxA预计每十年增加0.34%，特别是在蓝藻严重繁殖的中国南方。这项研究强调了温度对未来全国范围内蓝藻繁殖的深远影响，以及气候变化与人类活动之间的重要相互作用。该方法具有较强的适用性和可移植性，输入数据可获取，模型鲁棒性强，对变化环境下湖泊生态风险的防范具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-stage electrochemical system enabling reagent-free nickel-ammonia decomplexation and resource recovery 双级电化学系统实现无试剂镍-氨分解和资源回收

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125427

Chi Zhang , Pengfei Chen , Jiazhou He , Daoyuan Zu , Chia-Hung Hou , Yang Wang , Xiangtong Kong , Jinxing Ma

Nickel-ammonia chelated wastewater generated by electroplating and battery manufacturing is difficult to treat using conventional precipitation-based methods that require high chemical input and offer limited resource recovery. Here, we report a reagent-free dual-stage electrochemical membrane reactor that resolves the intrinsic pH-speciation mismatch between nickel removal and ammonia stripping. In the cathodic chambers, in situ generation of hydroxide ions dissociates nickel-ammonia complexes, enabling nickel recovery through electrodeposition and hydroxide precipitation, while anodically generated protons drive ammonia capture across a gas-permeable membrane. The dual-stage configuration independently optimized the pH conditions required for nickel and ammonia removal, reducing effluent Ni and NH₄⁺-N concentrations to below 0.1 and 25 mg L⁻¹, respectively, while producing reusable metallic Ni, β-Ni(OH)₂, and ammonia solution. Life cycle assessment shows that although the dual-stage electrochemical process requires higher primary energy input than chemical precipitation, selective recovery of nickel and ammonia substantially lowers overall environmental damage. This work demonstrates a compact and sustainable electrochemical pathway for nickel-ammonia decomplexation and resource recovery, providing a circular-economy solution for metal-finishing and battery wastewater treatment.

电镀和电池制造过程中产生的镍氨螯合废水很难用传统的沉淀法处理，因为沉淀法需要大量的化学物质投入，而且资源回收率有限。在这里，我们报告了一个无试剂的双级电化学膜反应器，解决了镍去除和氨提之间固有的ph -形态不匹配。在阴极腔室中，原位生成的氢氧化物离子解离镍-氨配合物，通过电沉积和氢氧化物沉淀实现镍的回收，而阳极生成的质子驱动氨捕获通过透气膜。双级配置独立优化了除镍和除氨所需的pH条件，将出水Ni和NH4+-N浓度分别降至0.1和25 mg L - 1以下，同时生产可重复使用的金属Ni、β-Ni(OH)2和氨溶液。生命周期评价结果表明，虽然双阶段电化学过程比化学沉淀需要更高的一次能量输入，但选择性回收镍和氨大大降低了整体环境破坏。本研究展示了一种紧凑、可持续的镍氨分解和资源回收电化学途径，为金属精加工和电池废水处理提供了一种循环经济解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

pH-based control of NH4+ and Mn2+ oxidation sequence in low-oxygen groundwater filters 基于ph的低氧地下水过滤器中NH4+和Mn2+氧化顺序控制

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125436

Emiel Kruisdijk , Francesc Corbera-Rubio , Simon Müller , Frank Schoonenberg , Michele Laureni , Melanie Nijboer , Doris van Halem

Iron (Fe²⁺), manganese (Mn²⁺), and ammonium (NH₄⁺) are the three most common contaminants in anaerobic groundwater and are typically removed in rapid sand filters in a series of simultaneous, uncontrolled, and interconnected redox reactions. In this study, we demonstrated separation of these oxidation processes, including reversing the order of NH₄⁺and Mn²⁺oxidation, allowing Mn²⁺to oxidize before NH₄⁺. To achieve this uncommon sequence, the filter was operated with low O₂ concentrations (∼0.02 mmol/L, ∼0.5 mg/L) and a high pH (∼8). Under these conditions, Mn²⁺ oxidation is consuming all available O₂, suppressing the occurrence of NH₄⁺oxidation. In the filter with low O₂ (0.08 mmol/L, ∼3 mg/L) and low pH (∼6.8), the opposite was observed, as Mn²⁺ oxidation was delayed under these conditions, resulting in complete O₂ consumption by NH₄⁺-oxidizing bacteria. Reactive transport modelling and parameter estimation revealed that Mn²⁺ oxidation is one order of magnitude faster in absence of NH₄⁺ oxidation (1.4 × 10⁻² vs 2.5 × 10⁻³ mmol/L), whereas NH₄⁺ oxidation seemed to be accelerated by simultaneous Mn²⁺ oxidation (6.8 × 10⁻³ vs 2.9 × 10⁻² s⁻¹). This interconnection between Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ oxidation was further emphasized by the observation of Mn²⁺ release in the presence of NO₂⁻. In conclusion, this study has shown that a shift from conventional aerated groundwater treatment to sequential oxidation in separate filters offers (i) a more controllable system, (ii) the potential to optimize the rates of each oxidation process separately, which would ultimately result in higher flows and less backwashing.

铁（Fe2+）、锰（Mn2+）和铵（NH4+）是厌氧地下水中最常见的三种污染物，通常在快速砂过滤器中通过一系列同步、不受控制和相互关联的氧化还原反应去除。在这项研究中，我们证明了这些氧化过程的分离，包括颠倒NH4+和Mn2+的氧化顺序，使Mn2+在NH4+之前氧化。为了实现这一不寻常的序列，过滤器在低氧浓度（~ 0.02 mmol/L, ~ 0.5 mg/L）和高pH（~ 8）下运行。在这些条件下，Mn2+氧化消耗了所有可用的O2，抑制了NH4+氧化的发生。在低O2 （0.08 mmol/L, ~ 3 mg/L）和低pH（~ 6.8）的过滤器中，观察到相反的情况，因为在这些条件下Mn2+的氧化被延迟，导致NH4+氧化细菌完全消耗O2。反应传递模型和参数估计表明，在没有NH4+氧化的情况下，Mn2+的氧化速度要快一个数量级（1.4 × 10−2 vs 2.5 × 10−3 mmol/L），而在Mn2+同时氧化的情况下，NH4+的氧化速度似乎会加快（6.8 × 10−3 vs 2.9 × 10−2 s−1）。在NO2−存在下Mn2+释放的观察进一步强调了Mn2+和NH4+氧化之间的联系。总之，这项研究表明，从传统的曝气地下水处理转变为在单独的过滤器中进行顺序氧化提供了(1)一个更可控的系统，(2)单独优化每个氧化过程速率的潜力，这将最终导致更高的流量和更少的反冲洗。

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引用次数: 0

A PEDOT:PSS-based hydrogel and cotton fabric-integrated solar-driven water evaporation system for sustainable freshwater-hydrovoltaic electricity cogeneration 基于pss的水凝胶和棉织物集成太阳能驱动的水蒸发系统，用于可持续淡水-水力发电热电联产

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125473

Lokesh Kumar Rathore, Vishal Nagar, Ashok Bera

Global freshwater scarcity and rising energy demands are closely interlinked challenges that continue to intensify as population growth and industrial expansion remain unabated. Herein, we developed a 3D conical Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel (PPH-x) and a cotton fabric (PPCF), both incorporated with Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) for a solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) system, where PPH-x serves as a photothermal evaporator, and PPCF functions as the water-wicking channel and energy-generation front simultaneously. Owing to its vertically aligned channels, high solar absorption, and low thermal conductivity, the PPH-x achieves an evaporation rate of 2.83 kg m^-2 h^-1 under 1 sun illumination. The conical shape of PPH-2, in combination with its superior wettability, induces anisotropic temperature gradients that drive Marangoni convection, facilitating localized salt rejection and ensuring stable, long-term seawater desalination. Meanwhile, the PPCF wicking channel delivers illumination-independent stable hydrovoltaic outputs of 0.64 V, which can be multiplied by series connection, enabling continuous, round-the-clock energy generation. The PEDOT:PSS coating significantly enhances the conductivity of the wicking channel, resulting in a nearly threefold increase in output current compared to the uncoated fabric, and delivering a maximum power density of 306 mW m^-2. Moreover, laboratory-scale devices were tested under outdoor conditions to validate their reliability and functionality in real-world environments, demonstrating the potential of this approach for a straightforward and efficient pathway towards clean water and sustainable energy cogeneration.

全球淡水短缺和不断上升的能源需求是密切相关的挑战，随着人口增长和工业扩张有增无减，这些挑战继续加剧。在此，我们开发了一种三维锥形聚乙烯醇（PVA）水凝胶（PPH-x）和棉织物（PPCF），它们都与聚（3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩）-聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐）（PEDOT:PSS）结合，用于太阳能驱动的界面水蒸发（SIWE）系统，其中PPH-x作为光热蒸发器，PPCF同时作为吸水通道和发电前沿。由于其垂直排列的通道，高太阳吸收率和低导热性，在1个太阳照射下，PPH-x的蒸发速率为2.83 kg m-2 h-1。PPH-2的圆锥形，加上其优异的润湿性，诱导各向异性温度梯度，驱动Marangoni对流，促进局部排盐，确保稳定、长期的海水淡化。同时，PPCF导湿通道可提供0.64 V的不受光照影响的稳定水力发电输出，可通过串联连接，实现连续、全天候发电。PEDOT:PSS涂层显著提高了吸湿通道的导电性，与未涂层织物相比，输出电流增加了近三倍，并提供了306 mW m-2的最大功率密度。此外，实验室规模的设备在室外条件下进行了测试，以验证其在现实环境中的可靠性和功能，证明了这种方法在实现清洁水和可持续能源热电联产方面的直接有效途径的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoconfined bimetallic functionalized ceramic membrane with O3 micro-nano-bubbles for synergistic treatment of highly-salinity wastewater O3微纳泡纳米约束双金属功能化陶瓷膜协同处理高盐度废水

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125480

Mingzhu Ren , Xinmin Zhai , Shuang Wang , Jiakai Qiu , Fenghao Yu , Yu Cui , Hongbin Cao , Yongbing Xie

Nanoconfined Co, Cu-functionalized ceramic membrane (Co₂Cu₁/CM) were constructed to treat wastewater in the process of O₃ micro-nano bubbles (MNBs). Co₂Cu₁/CM showed stable and effective synergistic performance in organic removal and membrane self-cleaning. The removal rate of NaOA within the membrane pores was 7.94 times higher than that on the membrane surface. The permeation flux of Co₂Cu₁/CM only decreased from 98.4 % to 94.3 % after three alkaline washing treatments. Furthermore, Co₂Cu₁/CM showed excellent performance in the five-cycle experiment. the COD removal rate for reverse osmosis concentrated (ROC) wastewater can reach >65 % and the permeation flux loss of Co₂Cu₁/CM is only 10 % after each cycle. The order of interference ability of co-existing ions on the removal of NaOA inhibitory ability was: H₂PO₄^-> Cl^-> HCO₃^-. MNBs and confinement effect improved the mass transfer in catalytic membrane couple with ozonation, and further enhanced the generation of ·OH and ¹O₂. Constructing metal active sites and the synergy effect of dual metal redox pairs accelerate the adsorption of O₃ and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Co₂Cu₁/CM still showed remarkable pollution removal ability and low-cost investment in various ROC wastewater. This study providing a promising and cost-efficient nanoconfined catalytic membrane for the treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater.

构建了纳米Co， cu功能化陶瓷膜（Co2Cu1/CM）处理O3微纳气泡（MNBs）过程中的废水。Co2Cu1/CM在有机去除和膜自清洁方面表现出稳定有效的协同作用。膜孔内NaOA的去除率是膜表面的7.94倍。经过3次碱洗处理，Co2Cu1/CM的渗透通量仅从98.4%下降到94.3%。此外，Co2Cu1/CM在五循环实验中表现出优异的性能。每次循环后，反渗透浓废水的COD去除率可达65%，Co2Cu1/CM的渗透通量损失仅为10%。共存离子对NaOA去除抑制能力的干扰能力顺序为：H2PO4->； Cl-> HCO3-。MNBs和约束效应改善了臭氧氧化催化膜的传质，进一步促进了·OH和1O2的生成。金属活性位点的构建和双金属氧化还原对的协同作用加速了O3的吸附和活性氧（ROS）的形成。Co2Cu1/CM在各种ROC废水中仍表现出显著的除污能力和低投资。本研究为高盐度有机废水的处理提供了一种有前景且经济高效的纳米限制催化膜。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-media distribution, source apportionment, and risk assessment of legacy and current-use organophosphorus pesticides in typical agricultural watersheds of China 中国典型农业流域遗留有机磷农药与现用有机磷农药的多媒体分布、来源解析及风险评价

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125415

Chengcheng Bu , Limin Ma , Weiwei Zhang , Yu Hua , Haoyu Zeng , Yuchen Han , Ruolan Jia , Qihui Zhao , Qi Wang , Yuefei Ruan , Chong Chen

The Yangtze River Basin (YRB), a critical agricultural region in China, has been facing ongoing challenges from pesticide contamination, and comprehensive multi-media studies on organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are still insufficient. This study systematically investigated the occurrence, spatial distribution, potential sources, and ecological risks of 75 OPPs across the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and surface sediments in typical agricultural watersheds of the YRB. Results revealed that both legacy and current-use OPPs were frequently detected, with substantially elevated concentrations in the dissolved (975.01−3672.16 ng/L) and SPM (294.25−5436.10 ng/L) phases. Notably, 75 OPPs were detected to varying degrees in the SPM phase. Spatial patterns indicated pronounced contamination hotspots in agriculturally intensive zones and estuarian areas, reflecting direct input and downstream accumulation. Positive matrix factorization and correlation analyses revealed that environmental factors (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and total organic carbon) influenced the migration and transformation of OPPs, while agriculture and industrial activities were the predominant sources of pesticide inputs to the YRB. Ecological risk assessment highlighted low to high risks to fish, Daphnia magna, and algae, primarily driven by OPPs such as fonofos, coumaphos, and carbophenothion. Overall, the findings emphasize the persistent ecological threat posed by both legacy and current-use OPPs, and provide a quantitative, multi-media foundation for targeted source control and refined environmental management in the YRB.

长江流域作为中国农业重点区，农药污染问题持续存在，但对有机磷农药（OPPs）的多媒体综合研究仍然不足。本研究系统调查了长江三角洲典型农业流域75种有机磷化合物在溶解相、悬浮颗粒物（SPM）和表层沉积物中的发生、空间分布、潜在来源和生态风险。结果显示，遗留和当前使用的opp都经常被检测到，溶解相（975.01 ~ 3672.16 ng/L）和SPM相（294.25 ~ 5436.10 ng/L）的浓度显著升高。值得注意的是，在SPM阶段检测到75种不同程度的opp。空间格局表明，农业集约区和河口地区存在明显的污染热点，反映了直接输入和下游积累。正矩阵分解和相关分析表明，环境因子（温度、pH、溶解氧和总有机碳）影响有机磷的迁移和转化，而农业和工业活动是农药投入的主要来源。生态风险评估强调了对鱼类、大水蚤和藻类的低至高风险，主要是由氟fofos、coumaphos和碳苯醚等OPPs驱动的。总体而言，研究结果强调了遗留和当前使用的opp构成的持续生态威胁，并为YRB的目标源控制和精细环境管理提供了定量的多媒体基础。

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引用次数: 0

Moving towards Europe-wide freshwater restoration through model-based integration of policy objectives 通过基于模型的政策目标整合，实现全欧洲范围内的淡水恢复

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125426

Andrea Funk , Gonçalo Duarte , Paulo Branco , Thomas Hein , Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber , Tamara Leite , Angeliki Peponi , Maria Teresa Ferreira , Sebastian Birk , Annette Baattrup-Pedersen , Florian Borgwardt

In Europe, ecological restoration efforts remain restricted and fragmented, with limited success and coordination across policies. The newly adopted Nature Restoration Regulation aims to address these challenges by setting ambitious, legally binding restoration targets. For freshwater ecosystems, its success depends on better integration of existing legislative frameworks, particularly the Habitats Directive (HD) and the Water Framework Directive (WFD). We present a novel European-scale modeling framework that for the first time, combines HD and WFD-related indicators, and applies specific Bayesian Network features, to achieve: i) a Europe-wide status prediction to identify areas with potential for restoration, conservation or mitigation measures, including spatially explicit information on uncertainty and data gaps, and ii) spatially explicit restoration targets, such as lateral and longitudinal connectivity improvements, derived through backward inference. Model validation demonstrated acceptable performance for six of twelve HD groups, including Bogs, Mires, Fens, as well as Amphibia, Fish and Plants, while sensitivity analysis indicated that taxon-specific responses were primarily driven by pressures from hydrology, morphology, and organic pollution. We provide a large-scale data-driven tool to maximize the ecological impact of restoration efforts across Europe, support efficient resource use, and help policymakers to direct efforts where they are most likely to succeed.

在欧洲，生态恢复工作仍然受到限制和分散，各项政策之间的成功和协调有限。新通过的《自然恢复条例》旨在通过制定雄心勃勃的、具有法律约束力的恢复目标来应对这些挑战。对于淡水生态系统而言，它的成功取决于更好地整合现有立法框架，特别是《栖息地指令》和《水框架指令》。我们提出了一种新的欧洲尺度建模框架，首次将HD和wfd相关指标结合起来，并应用特定的贝叶斯网络特征，以实现：i)全欧洲状况预测，以确定有可能采取恢复、保护或缓解措施的地区，包括关于不确定性和数据缺口的空间明确信息；iii)通过反向推断得出的空间明确的恢复目标，如横向和纵向连通性改善。模型验证表明，在12个HD类群中，有6个类群表现良好，包括沼泽、沼泽、沼泽和两栖、鱼类、植物，而敏感性分析表明，分类群特异性响应主要由水文、形态和有机污染的压力驱动。我们提供了一个大规模的数据驱动工具，以最大限度地提高整个欧洲恢复工作的生态影响，支持有效的资源利用，并帮助政策制定者指导他们最有可能成功的工作。

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引用次数: 0