Aquatic nitrogenous compounds can be classified as dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), including ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and inorganic chloramines. The occurrence of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) in water, such as haloacetonitriles (HANs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), haloacaetamides (HAcAms), and nitrosamines (NAs), has attracted considerable attention due to their higher toxicity than regulated carbonaceous analogues. While numerous studies have investigated the contributions of DON to N-DBP formation, relatively fewer studies have explored DIN as N-DBP precursors, although DINs are sometimes evaluated as influencing factors. Through a literature review and data mining, this study delves into the existing body of evidence that analyze the contributions of different forms of DIN to N-DBP generation. The results showed that ammonia and nitrite can enhance trichloronitromethane (TCNM) and nitrodimethylamine (NDMA) formation in conventional chlorination and chloramination processes, nitrate can promote HNM formation in ultraviolet-based processes, and monochloramine can increase HAN, HAcAm, HNM, and NDMA formation in most disinfection scenarios. Notably, some experiments demonstrated that the yields of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and TCNM can be higher from reactions involving nitrogen-free organic precursors and DIN than those involving DON and nitrogen-free disinfectant, suggesting that the relative importance of DON and DIN in forming N-DBP in real water remains unresolved. These insights thus underscore DIN as a non-negligible precursor in N-DBP formation and call for more attention to water management strategies for DIN.
水生含氮化合物可分为溶解有机氮 (DON) 和溶解无机氮 (DIN)，包括氨、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和无机氯胺。水中出现的含氮消毒副产物（N-DBPs），如卤代乙腈（HANs）、卤代硝基甲烷（HNMs）、卤代乙酰胺（HAcAms）和亚硝胺（NAs），因其毒性高于受管制的碳质类似物而备受关注。尽管有许多研究调查了 DON 对 N-DBP 形成的贡献，但探讨 DIN 作为 N-DBP 前体的研究相对较少，尽管 DIN 有时也被评估为影响因素。通过文献综述和数据挖掘，本研究深入研究了现有的证据，分析了不同形式的 DIN 对 N-DBP 生成的贡献。结果表明，在传统氯化和氯化工艺中，氨和亚硝酸盐可促进三氯硝基甲烷（TCNM）和硝基二甲胺（NDMA）的形成；在基于紫外线的工艺中，硝酸盐可促进 HNM 的形成；在大多数消毒方案中，一氯胺可增加 HAN、HAcAm、HNM 和 NDMA 的形成。值得注意的是，一些实验表明，与涉及 DON 和无氮消毒剂的反应相比，涉及无氮有机前体和 DIN 的反应产生的二氯乙腈 (DCAN) 和 TCNM 的产量更高，这表明 DON 和 DIN 在实际水中形成 N-DBP 的相对重要性仍未得到解决。因此，这些见解强调 DIN 是 N-DBP 形成过程中不可忽视的前体，并呼吁更多地关注 DIN 的水管理策略。
{"title":"Dissolved inorganic nitrogen as an overlooked precursor of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts - A critical review","authors":"Xiao Li, Tom Bond, Xiaoyu Tan, Haolin Yang, Yuheng Chen, Bingbing Jin, Baiyang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122654","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic nitrogenous compounds can be classified as dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), including ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and inorganic chloramines. The occurrence of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) in water, such as haloacetonitriles (HANs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), haloacaetamides (HAcAms), and nitrosamines (NAs), has attracted considerable attention due to their higher toxicity than regulated carbonaceous analogues. While numerous studies have investigated the contributions of DON to N-DBP formation, relatively fewer studies have explored DIN as N-DBP precursors, although DINs are sometimes evaluated as influencing factors. Through a literature review and data mining, this study delves into the existing body of evidence that analyze the contributions of different forms of DIN to N-DBP generation. The results showed that ammonia and nitrite can enhance trichloronitromethane (TCNM) and nitrodimethylamine (NDMA) formation in conventional chlorination and chloramination processes, nitrate can promote HNM formation in ultraviolet-based processes, and monochloramine can increase HAN, HAcAm, HNM, and NDMA formation in most disinfection scenarios. Notably, some experiments demonstrated that the yields of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and TCNM can be higher from reactions involving nitrogen-free organic precursors and DIN than those involving DON and nitrogen-free disinfectant, suggesting that the relative importance of DON and DIN in forming N-DBP in real water remains unresolved. These insights thus underscore DIN as a non-negligible precursor in N-DBP formation and call for more attention to water management strategies for DIN.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122657
Fernanda Rodrigues, Luisa Durães, Nuno E.C. Simões, André M. P.T. Pereira, Liliana J.G. Silva, Maria João Feio
The presence of pharmaceuticals in urban freshwater has been considered an emerging issue. Although rivers are better studied, the streams crossing the cities, which are prone to higher concentrations of pharmaceuticals, and with a higher potential to affect animals, plant and human health, were never specifically addressed in a review. Thus, here we performed a literature review on the existing pharmaceutical contamination and impacts of these compounds in the urban stream ecosystems. To structure the review, 10 questions were designed. From a total of 206 scientific publications, only 51 addressed the issue of pharmaceuticals in urban streams compared to 180 studies in the larger urban rivers. In 49 urban streams located in 13 countries and four continents, 139 pharmaceuticals from ten therapeutic groups were found. Anti-inflammatories and anticonvulsants were detected in the largest number of countries and urban streams, but the latter was more frequent in the streams. Metabolites were also detected, sometimes in higher concentrations than the original pharmaceutical but they were seldom analysed. The pharmaceuticals that caused more effects in the aquatic organisms were 17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, diltiazem, diphenhydramine, fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, sertraline, desmethylsertraline, methylphenidate and ciprofloxacin. The effects were varied, from bioaccumulation, endocrine disruption, impaired growth, reproduction inhibition, increased mortality and hatching disorder to morphological alterations, and decreased gross primary production and biomass. Streams had a higher mixture risk compared to the rivers. Important knowledge gaps detected are the low frequency of analysis of metabolites, the inefficient treatment of urban sewage regarding pharmaceuticals and the reduced number of studies on the impacts of pharmaceuticals at the aquatic community/population and functional level.
{"title":"Pharmaceuticals in urban streams: a review of their detection and effects in the ecosystem","authors":"Fernanda Rodrigues, Luisa Durães, Nuno E.C. Simões, André M. P.T. Pereira, Liliana J.G. Silva, Maria João Feio","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122657","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of pharmaceuticals in urban freshwater has been considered an emerging issue. Although rivers are better studied, the streams crossing the cities, which are prone to higher concentrations of pharmaceuticals, and with a higher potential to affect animals, plant and human health, were never specifically addressed in a review. Thus, here we performed a literature review on the existing pharmaceutical contamination and impacts of these compounds in the urban stream ecosystems. To structure the review, 10 questions were designed. From a total of 206 scientific publications, only 51 addressed the issue of pharmaceuticals in urban streams compared to 180 studies in the larger urban rivers. In 49 urban streams located in 13 countries and four continents, 139 pharmaceuticals from ten therapeutic groups were found. Anti-inflammatories and anticonvulsants were detected in the largest number of countries and urban streams, but the latter was more frequent in the streams. Metabolites were also detected, sometimes in higher concentrations than the original pharmaceutical but they were seldom analysed. The pharmaceuticals that caused more effects in the aquatic organisms were 17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, diltiazem, diphenhydramine, fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, sertraline, desmethylsertraline, methylphenidate and ciprofloxacin. The effects were varied, from bioaccumulation, endocrine disruption, impaired growth, reproduction inhibition, increased mortality and hatching disorder to morphological alterations, and decreased gross primary production and biomass. Streams had a higher mixture risk compared to the rivers. Important knowledge gaps detected are the low frequency of analysis of metabolites, the inefficient treatment of urban sewage regarding pharmaceuticals and the reduced number of studies on the impacts of pharmaceuticals at the aquatic community/population and functional level.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dark formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from O2 activation by reduced humic substances at oxic-anoxic interfaces has been extensively documented. However, their generation in oxic subsurface environments is typically overlooked due to the scarcity of electron donors, especially in the presence of minerals. In this study, the formation of •OH during the adsorption of oxidized humic acids (HA) onto redox-inert minerals was investigated under oxic and pH-neutral conditions. Batch experiment results demonstrated that the adsorption of oxidized HA onto aluminum (hydr)oxide and Fe-free clay minerals induces the formation of •OH (e.g., 16/28 μmol/g C) without the addition of exogenous electron donors. In contrast, the interaction of oxidized HA alone with O2 did not result in measurable •OH production. The enhanced electron-donating capacity (EDC) and humification of the whole HA (mainly in adsorbed state) were measured after adsorption. The surface-catalyzed polymerization of oxidizable polyphenols in HA is proposed as the plausible mechanism for the observed EDC enhancement, which in turn triggers O2 activation for •OH production. Furthermore, substantial chemical alterations of lignins and condensed aromatics within HA were observed, producing more compounds exhibiting higher molecular weight, aromaticity, O/C ratio, and nominal oxidation state of carbon. It is indicated that the contribution of oxidative polymerization outweighs •OH oxidation in the molecular transformation of adsorbed HA. Overall, our findings extend the understanding of HA-induced •OH production from oxic-anoxic interfaces to the oxic zone and present a novel pathway for the abiotic transformation of recalcitrant organic matter in subsurface environments with extensive surface water-groundwater interactions.
在缺氧-缺氧界面上，还原腐殖质在氧气活化作用下暗中形成羟基自由基（-OH）的现象已被广泛记录。然而，由于缺乏电子供体，尤其是在矿物存在的情况下，它们在含氧地下环境中的生成通常被忽视。本研究调查了氧化腐植酸（HA）在氧化和 pH 值中性条件下吸附在氧化还原惰性矿物上过程中 -OH 的形成。批量实验结果表明，氧化型腐植酸吸附在氧化铝（水）和无铁粘土矿物上时，在不添加外源电子供体的情况下会形成-OH（例如，16/28 μmol/g C）。与此相反，氧化的HA单独与O2相互作用不会产生可测量的-OH。在吸附后，还测量了增强的电子供体能力（EDC）和整个HA（主要是吸附状态）的腐殖化。据推测，HA 中可氧化多酚的表面催化聚合是导致所观察到的 EDC 增强的合理机制，而 EDC 的增强反过来又会引发 O2 激活以产生 -OH。此外，还观察到 HA 中的木质素和缩合芳烃发生了重大化学变化，产生了更多分子量、芳香度、O/C 比和碳的名义氧化态更高的化合物。这表明，在吸附 HA 的分子转变过程中，氧化聚合的作用超过了-OH 氧化的作用。总之，我们的研究结果将人们对 HA 诱导的 -OH 生成的理解从缺氧-缺氧界面扩展到了缺氧区，并为地表水-地下水相互作用广泛的地下环境中难降解有机物的非生物转化提供了一条新途径。
{"title":"Adsorption of oxidized humic acid onto redox-inert mineral surfaces induces formation of hydroxyl radicals and carbon dynamics","authors":"Shengyan Pu, Xinyi Li, Zhongquan Liu, Peng Zhang, Chenglong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122653","url":null,"abstract":"The dark formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from O<sub>2</sub> activation by reduced humic substances at oxic-anoxic interfaces has been extensively documented. However, their generation in oxic subsurface environments is typically overlooked due to the scarcity of electron donors, especially in the presence of minerals. In this study, the formation of •OH during the adsorption of oxidized humic acids (HA) onto redox-inert minerals was investigated under oxic and pH-neutral conditions. Batch experiment results demonstrated that the adsorption of oxidized HA onto aluminum (hydr)oxide and Fe-free clay minerals induces the formation of •OH (e.g., 16/28 μmol/g C) without the addition of exogenous electron donors. In contrast, the interaction of oxidized HA alone with O<sub>2</sub> did not result in measurable •OH production. The enhanced electron-donating capacity (EDC) and humification of the whole HA (mainly in adsorbed state) were measured after adsorption. The surface-catalyzed polymerization of oxidizable polyphenols in HA is proposed as the plausible mechanism for the observed EDC enhancement, which in turn triggers O<sub>2</sub> activation for •OH production. Furthermore, substantial chemical alterations of lignins and condensed aromatics within HA were observed, producing more compounds exhibiting higher molecular weight, aromaticity, O/C ratio, and nominal oxidation state of carbon. It is indicated that the contribution of oxidative polymerization outweighs •OH oxidation in the molecular transformation of adsorbed HA. Overall, our findings extend the understanding of HA-induced •OH production from oxic-anoxic interfaces to the oxic zone and present a novel pathway for the abiotic transformation of recalcitrant organic matter in subsurface environments with extensive surface water-groundwater interactions.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122652
Jin-Ping Xue, Rosanna Margalef-Marti, Aubin Thibault De Chanvalon, Emmanuel Tessier, Rémy Guyoneaud, Zoyne Pedrero, Claire Gassie, Mathieu Sebilo, Michael S. Bank, David Amouroux
Sulfidic hot springs harbor unique microbial communities and are important in mercury (Hg) species transformations, although the fine scale drivers of these processes remain poorly understood. Here we studied Hg speciation in water, biofilms, and sediment across three sampling seasons in a French sulfidic hot spring with low Hg concentrations. Microbial Hg species methylation and demethylation potentials were evaluated using incubation experiments with species-specific Hg isotope tracers. Temporal variation in inorganic Hg (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in water, biofilm, and sediment was observed. The incubation of microbial communities in biofilms and sediment under dark conditions exhibited low iHg methylation potentials, whereas a significant extent of biotic MeHg demethylation to oxidized iHg was found in relation to MeHg concentrations. Results from microbial diversity (16S rDNA) and the metabolic inhibition experiments suggest an important role of sulfur-linked bacterial metabolism dynamics. Specifically, sulfate-reducers and anoxygenic phototrophs were important factors in the regulation of MeHg concentrations in our study site. Overall, the observed dominance of microbial MeHg demethylation demonstrates a strong Hg detoxification capacity in sulfidic aquatic environments.
{"title":"Methylmercury degradation by hot spring sulfur-linked microbial communities as a dominant pathway in regulating mercury speciation","authors":"Jin-Ping Xue, Rosanna Margalef-Marti, Aubin Thibault De Chanvalon, Emmanuel Tessier, Rémy Guyoneaud, Zoyne Pedrero, Claire Gassie, Mathieu Sebilo, Michael S. Bank, David Amouroux","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122652","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfidic hot springs harbor unique microbial communities and are important in mercury (Hg) species transformations, although the fine scale drivers of these processes remain poorly understood. Here we studied Hg speciation in water, biofilms, and sediment across three sampling seasons in a French sulfidic hot spring with low Hg concentrations. Microbial Hg species methylation and demethylation potentials were evaluated using incubation experiments with species-specific Hg isotope tracers. Temporal variation in inorganic Hg (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in water, biofilm, and sediment was observed. The incubation of microbial communities in biofilms and sediment under dark conditions exhibited low iHg methylation potentials, whereas a significant extent of biotic MeHg demethylation to oxidized iHg was found in relation to MeHg concentrations. Results from microbial diversity (16S rDNA) and the metabolic inhibition experiments suggest an important role of sulfur-linked bacterial metabolism dynamics. Specifically, sulfate-reducers and anoxygenic phototrophs were important factors in the regulation of MeHg concentrations in our study site. Overall, the observed dominance of microbial MeHg demethylation demonstrates a strong Hg detoxification capacity in sulfidic aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122661
Hooman Vatankhah, Richard H. Anderson, Rajat Ghosh, Janice Willey, Andrea Leeson
Aircraft rescue firefighting (ARFF) vehicles often contain residual levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the global use of legacy and current use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for class B firefighting. However, numerous countries are transitioning to fluorine-free foam (F3) alternatives. There is, thus, an urgent need to develop efficient methods to rinse and clean interior ARFF surfaces thereby avoiding expensive replacement costs and preventing further discharge of PFAS to the environment. However, the unique self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic PFAS is a complicating factor that can result in measurable levels of PFAS within replacement F3s following cleanout efforts (i.e., the rebound effect). This Making Waves article aims to elucidate the emerging challenges associated with cleanout of impacted ARFF vehicles and introduce the current efforts for PFAS management of rinsate derived from cleanout of impacted fire suppression infrastructure.
{"title":"Making Waves: The Progress of Management Strategies for Cleaning and Rinsing of PFAS-Impacted Fire Suppression Systems","authors":"Hooman Vatankhah, Richard H. Anderson, Rajat Ghosh, Janice Willey, Andrea Leeson","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122661","url":null,"abstract":"Aircraft rescue firefighting (ARFF) vehicles often contain residual levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the global use of legacy and current use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for class B firefighting. However, numerous countries are transitioning to fluorine-free foam (F3) alternatives. There is, thus, an urgent need to develop efficient methods to rinse and clean interior ARFF surfaces thereby avoiding expensive replacement costs and preventing further discharge of PFAS to the environment. However, the unique self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic PFAS is a complicating factor that can result in measurable levels of PFAS within replacement F3s following cleanout efforts (i.e., the rebound effect). This Making Waves article aims to elucidate the emerging challenges associated with cleanout of impacted ARFF vehicles and introduce the current efforts for PFAS management of rinsate derived from cleanout of impacted fire suppression infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122658
Shiting Dai, Ziming Han, Shihai Liu, Yang Wang, Yu Zhang, Min Yang
Mobile tet(X)-variant genes confer resistance to a wide range of tetracyclines, including the antibiotic of last-resort, tigecycline, raising significant concerns regarding their potential spread cross-environmental dissemination. However, the bacterial hosts and environmental spread of these genes remain poorly understood. Herein, a retrospective study unveiled the prevalence of tet(X)-variant genes (ranging from tet(X3) to tet(X6)) in activated sludge samples from five municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from 2013 to 2021. Among these variants, tet(X4) exhibited the highest detection frequency (100%) and abundance [(2.48 ± 3.07) × 107 copies/g dry weight] with an increasing trend. An epicPCR-directed cultivation strategy was proposed to facilitate the targeted isolation of tet(X4)-carrying bacterial hosts in activated sludge. This strategy involves the identification of bacterial host profiles using epicPCR and subsequent selective isolating target bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae emerged as the primary bacterial host for tet(X4), alongside previously unreported genera like Providencia, Advenella, and Moheibacter. Subsequent selective isolation of the most abundant Enterobacteriaceae based on the epicPCR-informed host spectrum yielded 39 tet(X4)-carrying Escherichia coli strains from the WWTP. Whole genome sequencing of tet(X4)-positive strains revealed that plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer is the primary mechanism driving tet(X4) dissemination. Plasmids including IncFIA(HI1)/IncHI1A/IncHI1B(R27) and IncX1, commonly reported in various clinical and animal settings, were identified as the predominant carriers of tet(X4). E. coli strains harbouring tet(X4) in the WWTP showed substantial genetic similarity to strains from hospital and animal sources, underscoring concerns about the potential risk of across diverse sectors. This study provided the first glimpse of the presence of mobile tet(X)-variants in WWTPs, and highlighted the promise of the epicPCR-directed cultivation strategy for exploring bacterial hosts of clinically important ARGs in different habitats from a One Health perspective.
{"title":"Bacterial hosts and horizontal transfer characteristics of clinically important tet(X)-variant genes in municipal wastewater treatment plants using epicPCR-directed cultivation strategy","authors":"Shiting Dai, Ziming Han, Shihai Liu, Yang Wang, Yu Zhang, Min Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122658","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile <em>tet</em>(X)-variant genes confer resistance to a wide range of tetracyclines, including the antibiotic of last-resort, tigecycline, raising significant concerns regarding their potential spread cross-environmental dissemination. However, the bacterial hosts and environmental spread of these genes remain poorly understood. Herein, a retrospective study unveiled the prevalence of <em>tet</em>(X)-variant genes (ranging from <em>tet</em>(X3) to <em>tet</em>(X6)) in activated sludge samples from five municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from 2013 to 2021. Among these variants, <em>tet</em>(X4) exhibited the highest detection frequency (100%) and abundance [(2.48 ± 3.07) × 10<sup>7</sup> copies/g dry weight] with an increasing trend. An epicPCR-directed cultivation strategy was proposed to facilitate the targeted isolation of <em>tet</em>(X4)-carrying bacterial hosts in activated sludge. This strategy involves the identification of bacterial host profiles using epicPCR and subsequent selective isolating target bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae emerged as the primary bacterial host for <em>tet</em>(X4), alongside previously unreported genera like <em>Providencia, Advenella</em>, and <em>Moheibacter</em>. Subsequent selective isolation of the most abundant Enterobacteriaceae based on the epicPCR-informed host spectrum yielded 39 <em>tet</em>(X4)-carrying <em>Escherichia coli</em> strains from the WWTP. Whole genome sequencing of <em>tet</em>(X4)-positive strains revealed that plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer is the primary mechanism driving <em>tet</em>(X4) dissemination. Plasmids including IncFIA(HI1)/IncHI1A/IncHI1B(R27) and IncX1, commonly reported in various clinical and animal settings, were identified as the predominant carriers of <em>tet</em>(X4). <em>E. coli</em> strains harbouring <em>tet</em>(X4) in the WWTP showed substantial genetic similarity to strains from hospital and animal sources, underscoring concerns about the potential risk of across diverse sectors. This study provided the first glimpse of the presence of mobile <em>tet</em>(X)-variants in WWTPs, and highlighted the promise of the epicPCR-directed cultivation strategy for exploring bacterial hosts of clinically important ARGs in different habitats from a One Health perspective.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122647
The confluence area is the link of different river systems, whose specific hydrodynamic characteristics can significantly influence mass transport and…
汇流区是不同河流水系的连接点，其特定的水动力特性会极大地影响河流的质量输运和水流的速度。
{"title":"Role of biogeochemical and hydrodynamic characteristics in simulating nitrogen dynamics in river confluence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122647","url":null,"abstract":"The confluence area is the link of different river systems, whose specific hydrodynamic characteristics can significantly influence mass transport and…","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122660
Andriy Malovanyy, Erika Forsén, Richard Lihammar
Municipal wastewater has a relatively low content of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), compared with other point sources such as landfill leachate and industrial effluents. Nevertheless, it is considered as one of the major point pollution sources. Foam fractionation was previously shown to effectively remove PFAS from different water matrices and to reach a high PFAS enrichment. In this study, the removal of PFAS from municipal wastewater of different origins was investigated. Despite the low foaming potential, it was possible to reach an average removal of the sum of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) of 93%, the removal of the sum of 21 PFAS of 56%, and the removal of the sum of PFAS expressed as PFOA equivalents (ΣPFOAeq) of 91%, without any surfactant addition utilizing a novel approach of foam collection. The PFAS content was reduced to below the limit values for drinking water in Sweden and the anticipated future limit values for surface water in the European Union. The addition of four commercial surfactants and an extract of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from waste activated sludge each enhanced the foam formation. Moreover, a cationic surfactant increased the removal of short-chain PFAS. Additionally, foam fractionation of activated sludge was performed. A considerably lower ΣPFOAeq removal of only 20% was demonstrated, which was explained by a high proportion of PFAS sorbed to sludge. Finally, the study discusses the practical implications of the application of foam fractionation at municipal wastewater treatment plants.
{"title":"Removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from municipal wastewater by foam fractionation","authors":"Andriy Malovanyy, Erika Forsén, Richard Lihammar","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122660","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal wastewater has a relatively low content of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), compared with other point sources such as landfill leachate and industrial effluents. Nevertheless, it is considered as one of the major point pollution sources. Foam fractionation was previously shown to effectively remove PFAS from different water matrices and to reach a high PFAS enrichment. In this study, the removal of PFAS from municipal wastewater of different origins was investigated. Despite the low foaming potential, it was possible to reach an average removal of the sum of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) of 93%, the removal of the sum of 21 PFAS of 56%, and the removal of the sum of PFAS expressed as PFOA equivalents (ΣPFOAeq) of 91%, without any surfactant addition utilizing a novel approach of foam collection. The PFAS content was reduced to below the limit values for drinking water in Sweden and the anticipated future limit values for surface water in the European Union. The addition of four commercial surfactants and an extract of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from waste activated sludge each enhanced the foam formation. Moreover, a cationic surfactant increased the removal of short-chain PFAS. Additionally, foam fractionation of activated sludge was performed. A considerably lower ΣPFOAeq removal of only 20% was demonstrated, which was explained by a high proportion of PFAS sorbed to sludge. Finally, the study discusses the practical implications of the application of foam fractionation at municipal wastewater treatment plants.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122650
Roland Wirth, Prateek Shetty, Zoltán Bagi, Kornél L. Kovács, Gergely Maróti
This study investigated antimicrobial resistance in the anaerobic digesters of two industrial-scale biogas plants processing agricultural biomass and municipal wastewater sludge. A combination of deep sequencing and genome-centric workflow was implemented for metagenomic and metatranscriptomics data analysis to comprehensively examine potential antimicrobial resistance in microbial communities. Anaerobic microbes were found to harbour numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), with 58.85% of the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) harbouring antibiotic resistance. A moderately positive correlation was observed between the abundance and expression of ARGs. ARGs were located primarily on bacterial chromosomes. A higher expression of resistance genes was observed on plasmids than on chromosomes. Risk index assessment suggests that most ARGs identified posed a significant risk to human health. However, potentially pathogenic bacteria showed lower ARG expression than non-pathogenic ones, indicating that anaerobic treatment is effective against pathogenic microbes. Resistomes at the gene category level were associated with various antibiotic resistance categories, including multidrug resistance, beta-lactams, glycopeptides, peptides, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS). Differential expression analysis revealed specific genes associated with potential pathogenicity, emphasizing the importance of active gene expression in assessing the risks associated with ARGs.
{"title":"Feedstock-dependent antibiotic resistance gene patterns and expression profiles in industrial scale biogas plants revealed by meta-omics technology","authors":"Roland Wirth, Prateek Shetty, Zoltán Bagi, Kornél L. Kovács, Gergely Maróti","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122650","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated antimicrobial resistance in the anaerobic digesters of two industrial-scale biogas plants processing agricultural biomass and municipal wastewater sludge. A combination of deep sequencing and genome-centric workflow was implemented for metagenomic and metatranscriptomics data analysis to comprehensively examine potential antimicrobial resistance in microbial communities. Anaerobic microbes were found to harbour numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), with 58.85% of the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) harbouring antibiotic resistance. A moderately positive correlation was observed between the abundance and expression of ARGs. ARGs were located primarily on bacterial chromosomes. A higher expression of resistance genes was observed on plasmids than on chromosomes. Risk index assessment suggests that most ARGs identified posed a significant risk to human health. However, potentially pathogenic bacteria showed lower ARG expression than non-pathogenic ones, indicating that anaerobic treatment is effective against pathogenic microbes. Resistomes at the gene category level were associated with various antibiotic resistance categories, including multidrug resistance, beta-lactams, glycopeptides, peptides, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS). Differential expression analysis revealed specific genes associated with potential pathogenicity, emphasizing the importance of active gene expression in assessing the risks associated with ARGs.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142449999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122655
Yuezhu Wang, Mengxiao Zhong, Fuqiu Ma, Ce Wang, Xiaofeng Lu
Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are commonly used to eliminate recalcitrant organic pollutants as they produce highly reactive oxygen species through the reactions between the catalysts and oxidants. Recently, considerable attention has been directed towards shell-structured Fenton-like catalysts that offer high stability, maximum utilization of active sites, and exceptional catalytic performance. In this review, we have introduced the concept of several typical shell-forming architectures (e.g., hollow structure, core-shell structure, yolk-shell structure, particle-in-tube structure, and multi-shelled structure), elucidating their role in promoting Fenton-like reaction catalysis through the nanoconfinement mechanism. In each aspect, the correlation between the shell-induced effects and the Fenton-like catalytic performance is highlighted. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for the development of shell-structured Fenton-like catalysts towards AOPs are presented, offering bright practical application prospects.
{"title":"Shell-induced enhancement of Fenton-like catalytic performance towards advanced oxidation processes: concept, mechanism, and properties","authors":"Yuezhu Wang, Mengxiao Zhong, Fuqiu Ma, Ce Wang, Xiaofeng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2024.122655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.122655","url":null,"abstract":"Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are commonly used to eliminate recalcitrant organic pollutants as they produce highly reactive oxygen species through the reactions between the catalysts and oxidants. Recently, considerable attention has been directed towards shell-structured Fenton-like catalysts that offer high stability, maximum utilization of active sites, and exceptional catalytic performance. In this review, we have introduced the concept of several typical shell-forming architectures (e.g., hollow structure, core-shell structure, yolk-shell structure, particle-in-tube structure, and multi-shelled structure), elucidating their role in promoting Fenton-like reaction catalysis through the nanoconfinement mechanism. In each aspect, the correlation between the shell-induced effects and the Fenton-like catalytic performance is highlighted. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for the development of shell-structured Fenton-like catalysts towards AOPs are presented, offering bright practical application prospects.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142450088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：