Water Research最新文献_第10页

Highly selective and ultimate removal of typical PFAS from drinking water using anion exchange resins with long alkyl chains 使用长烷基链阴离子交换树脂高选择性和最终去除饮用水中的典型PFAS

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125324

Yihua Luo , Xiangzhe Jiang , Jiaxin Zhu, Shubo Deng

Anion exchange resin (AER) adsorption is an effective technology for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from drinking water. However, conventional AERs exhibit poor adsorption selectivity, and the adsorption differences among different amine functional groups for low-concentration PFAS in drinking water remain unclear. In this study, multiple AERs with different amine groups were synthesized, and the structure-selectivity relationship of AERs for PFAS adsorption was revealed through competitive adsorption experiments. It was found that AERs with hydrophobic long alkyl chains, strong-base quaternary amine groups, and gel-type pore structures demonstrated higher adsorption selectivity for PFAS. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of low-concentration PFAS in drinking water by AERs was highly correlated with adsorption selectivity. Based on these findings, a synthesized gel-type strong-base AER with long alkyl chains (Gel(12-1-1)) was selected as the optimal AER, and its adsorption performance for PFAS in drinking water was evaluated through rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs). During the treatment of 180,000 bed volumes (BV), the effluent concentrations of PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and GenX consistently remained below 10 ng/L. If targeting the U.S. drinking water regulatory limit of 4 ng/L for PFOS and PFOA, the commercial resin PFA694E could only treat 42,000 BV of water, whereas Gel(12-1-1) could treat 97,000 BV, demonstrating a significant advantage. This study not only provides an efficient and practical material for PFAS adsorption from drinking water, but also establishes a theoretical basis for the selective and ultimate removal of low-concentration PFAS.

阴离子交换树脂（AER）吸附是去除饮用水中全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的有效技术。然而，常规AERs的吸附选择性较差，不同胺官能团对饮用水中低浓度PFAS的吸附差异尚不清楚。本研究合成了多种不同胺基的AERs，并通过竞争吸附实验揭示了AERs对PFAS吸附的结构-选择性关系。具有疏水长烷基链、强碱季胺基团和凝胶型孔结构的AERs对PFAS具有较高的吸附选择性。此外，AERs对饮用水中低浓度PFAS的去除效率与吸附选择性高度相关。基于以上结果，选择合成的长烷基链凝胶型强碱AER （Gel(12-1-1)）作为最佳AER，并通过快速小柱试验（RSSCTs）评价其对饮用水中PFAS的吸附性能。在18万床容积（BV）的处理过程中，出水PFBS、PFHxS、PFOS、PFOA、PFNA和GenX的浓度始终保持在10 ng/L以下。如果以美国饮用水对PFOS和PFOA的监管限值4 ng/L为目标，商用树脂PFA694E只能处理42,000 BV的水，而凝胶（12-1-1）可以处理97,000 BV，显示出明显的优势。本研究不仅为饮用水中PFAS的吸附提供了一种高效实用的材料，而且为低浓度PFAS的选择性和最终去除奠定了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

In situ amidation of NH3 in biogas on sludge-derived carbon to promote coexisting CO2 adsorption 污泥碳对沼气中NH3的原位氨化，促进CO2共存吸附

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125318

Zhangliang Han , Aoran Zhang , Shuofei Yuan , Xinyue Lu , Shuangxi Fang , Juntao Tang , Da Wang , Zhiqiao He , Feilong Dong , Shuang Song

CO₂ adsorption is a highly promising and economically viable method for biogas upgrading. The use of sludge as a precursor for carbon adsorbents is a sustainable solution that helps minimize secondary environmental pollution. Herein, we prepared acid-modified sludge-derived carbon (S-SC) via the KOH activation of SC, followed by the confinement of concentrated H₂SO₄ within its pores. This modification increased the CO₂ adsorption capacity of SC by facilitating the conversion of NH₃, commonly present in biogas, into amides on the carbon surface. Dynamic adsorption tests revealed that S-SC achieved a CO₂ uptake of 5.47 mmol·g⁻¹ at 40 vol.% CO₂ and 1000 ppm NH₃, which is 1.67 times higher than that of unmodified SC. Physicochemical characterization results showed that KOH activation introduced numerous oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of adsorbents and concentrated H₂SO₄ was successfully confined within the pores of S-SC. In situ infrared spectroscopy confirmed the in situ conversion of NH₃ into amides on the surface of S-SC, enhancing its CO₂ adsorption capacity. Based on the Freundlich adsorption model parameters, S-SC exhibited an increased isosteric heat of CO₂ adsorption. Density functional theory calculations showed that S-SC interacted with CO₂ via hydrogen bonding in a bidentate configuration. Moreover, the S-SC adsorbent displayed superior cyclic stability after 20 adsorption–regeneration cycles. The proposed simple and effective strategy, involving the use of S-SC as an adsorbent, has promising potential in biogas upgrading and various CO₂ separation processes.

CO2吸附是一种非常有前途且经济可行的沼气升级方法。利用污泥作为碳吸附剂的前体是一种可持续的解决方案，有助于减少二次环境污染。在此，我们通过KOH活化SC制备酸改性污泥衍生碳（S-SC），然后在其孔隙中限制浓H2SO4。这种改性通过促进沼气中常见的NH3在碳表面转化为酰胺，提高了SC对CO2的吸附能力。动态吸附实验表明，在40 vol.% CO2和1000 ppm NH3条件下，S-SC的CO2吸收量为5.47 mmol·g−1，是未改性SC的1.67倍。物理化学表征结果表明，KOH活化在S-SC表面引入了大量含氧官能团，浓H2SO4被成功地限制在S-SC的孔隙中。原位红外光谱证实了S-SC表面NH3原位转化为酰胺，增强了S-SC对CO2的吸附能力。基于Freundlich吸附模型参数，S-SC对CO2的吸附等等热增大。密度泛函理论计算表明，S-SC与CO2通过氢键以双齿构型相互作用。经过20次吸附再生循环后，S-SC吸附剂表现出较好的循环稳定性。所提出的简单有效的策略，包括使用S-SC作为吸附剂，在沼气升级和各种CO2分离工艺中具有很大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Breaking the permeability-selectivity trade-off in loose nanofiltration: Zwitterionic layer-by-layer membranes for superior antifouling dye/salt separation 打破松散纳滤中渗透性和选择性的权衡：两性离子层接层膜的优异防污染料/盐分离

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125320

Caihong Liu, Ao Shuai, Jingjun Bo, Xiao Wang, Xiyu Xu, Jiale Cao, Xiaodie Han, Qiang He

Resource recovery from textile effluents represents a pivotal objective within the circular economy, yet this process is significantly constrained by the membrane “trilemma” of balancing selectivity, permeability, and stability. In this study, we systematically investigated the dye/salt separation mechanism of layer-by-layer (LbL) membranes by modulating the bilayer numbers and terminal chemistry (polyethyleneimine/poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PEI/PSS)). Our findings reveal that the separation performance is governed by non-sieving interactions with the terminal layer, a mechanism validated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, which showed a significantly stronger dye-polymer binding energy for PSS (−4.47 eV) than for PEI (−2.53 eV). To address persistent limitations in permeability and fouling resistance, we incorporated various zwitterionic moieties into the LbL architecture and conducted a comparative analysis among representative zwitterionic groups. The optimal SBMA modified-membrane effectively overcame the conventional trade-off, achieving an outstanding water permeability of 194.16 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹ while maintaining >99 % dye rejection. This design also imparted exceptional fouling resistance, evidenced by a 66 % flux recovery ratio and a 229% increase in the interfacial repulsive energy barrier. Notably, when treating real industrial wastewater, a two-stage process dramatically enhanced the dye/salt separation factor to nearly 1000. This work establishes a mechanism-driven strategy for designing high-performance membranes, offering a robust and scalable solution to key challenges in industrial wastewater reclamation.

从纺织废水中回收资源是循环经济中的一个关键目标，但这一过程受到平衡选择性、渗透性和稳定性的膜“三难困境”的极大限制。在本研究中，我们通过调节双分子层数和末端化学（聚乙烯亚胺/聚4-苯乙烯磺酸钠）（PEI/PSS）)，系统地研究了分层（LbL）膜的染料/盐分离机理。我们的研究结果表明，分离性能是由与终端层的非筛分相互作用决定的，这一机制得到了密度泛函理论（DFT）的验证，PSS的染料-聚合物结合能（- 4.47 eV）明显高于PEI （- 2.53 eV）。为了解决渗透性和抗污性的持续限制，我们将各种两性离子基团纳入LbL结构，并对具有代表性的两性离子基团进行了比较分析。最佳的SBMA修饰膜有效地克服了传统的权衡，达到了194.16 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹·巴（毒血症）的透水性，同时保持了99%的拒染率。这种设计还赋予了卓越的抗污能力，证明了66%的通量回收率和229%的界面排斥能垒增加。值得注意的是，当处理真正的工业废水时，两阶段工艺显著地将染料/盐分离系数提高到近1000。这项工作为设计高性能膜建立了一个机制驱动的策略，为工业废水回收的关键挑战提供了一个强大的和可扩展的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Constructing the purification-permeability balance via polymerization route: a novel confined layered double hydroxide catalytic membrane incorporating single-atom iron 通过聚合途径构建净化-渗透平衡：一种新型含单原子铁的受限层状双氢氧化物催化膜

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125319

Yufei Wang , Xiaomeng Yu , Wenjun Wu , Zaicheng Sun , Hui Wang , Jin Guo

Although catalytic membranes (CMs) offer advantages in the degradation of emerging contaminants, the purification-permeability imbalance still constrains the development of advanced CMs. Herein, this study ingeniously adopts “memory effect” to embed iron (Fe) single atoms into layered double hydroxide for the construction of a confined Fe_SA-in-LDH CM, which is employed for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. In the Fe_SA-in-LDH/M/PMS system, the thermodynamically favored polymerization-dominated oxidative process is innovatively coupled with the nanoconfinement and convection-enhanced mass transfer in CM. The Fe_SA-in-LDH CM exhibits record-high water purification capability (100% BPA removal and 93.4% TOC reduction), fast kinetics (0.11 and 0.053 ms^-1 for BPA removal and corresponding TOC reduction, respectively), and demonstrates outstanding performance with chemical input efficiency of 0.02 mmol mg^-1 and high permeability of 569.4 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1, establishing a stable permeability-purification balance. Moreover, mechanistic insights confirm the vital role of non-radical electron-transfer process in initiating polymerization. The Fe_SA-in-LDH CM demonstrates stable water purification across various interfering anions and a wide pH range, along with versatile applicability in real water matrices. This work elicits a prospective approach to completely eliminate contaminants with minimal chemical usage, bridging the critical research gap in the development of advanced CMs.

虽然催化膜（CMs）在降解新出现的污染物方面具有优势，但净化-渗透性不平衡仍然制约着先进的CMs的发展。本研究巧妙地利用“记忆效应”将铁（Fe）单原子嵌入层状双氢氧化物中，构建了受限的FeSA-in-LDH CM，用于过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）活化。在FeSA-in-LDH/M/PMS体系中，创新地将热力学上有利的聚合主导的氧化过程与CM中的纳米约束和对流增强的传质结合起来。FeSA-in-LDH CM具有创纪录的高水净化能力（100%去除BPA和93.4%减少TOC），快速动力学（去除BPA和相应的TOC减少分别为0.11和0.053 ms-1），并且具有优异的性能，化学输入效率为0.02 mmol mg-1，高渗透率为569.4 L m-2 h-1 bar-1，建立了稳定的渗透净化平衡。此外，机理见解证实了非自由基电子转移过程在引发聚合中的重要作用。FeSA-in-LDH CM证明了在各种干扰阴离子和宽pH范围内稳定的水净化，以及在实际水基质中的通用适用性。这项工作引出了一种前瞻性的方法，以最少的化学品使用完全消除污染物，弥合了先进CMs开发中的关键研究差距。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of carbon cycling in plateau lakes by trophic states and seasonal variations: A focus on dissolved organic matter and microbial interactions 高原湖泊营养状态和季节变化对碳循环的调节：溶解有机质和微生物相互作用的研究

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125312

Zhongqing Huang , Huaji Liu , Chen Wang , Jinhui Wang , Chunmei Tian , Jimeng Feng , Jian Shen , Xinze Wang

Plateau lakes are highly sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic disturbances. The intensification of seasonal variations caused by global warming has complicated the biogeochemical interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial communities. However, how DOM's chemical composition regulates microbial community dynamics and carbon cycling under varying trophic states and seasonal conditions remains unclear. Here, we employed Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the seasonal and trophic controls on DOM composition, microbial communities, and carbon cycling in plateau lakes. The results showed that in the dry season, DOM in the eutrophic lake exhibited pronounced aromaticity, with carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAMs) constituting 42.80 % of the molecular pool. Conversely, during the wet season, sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds like CHOS and CHONS significantly increased, particularly in the eutrophic lake. The oligotrophic lake displayed the highest molecular lability, characterized by hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratios of 1.24 and molecular lability indices (MLB%) of 34.76 %. Eutrophication altered microbial interaction networks, enhancing interspecies interactions and metabolic specialization. This metabolic shift drove preferential utilization of labile sugars in dry seasons and facilitated the degradation of recalcitrant carbon substrates in wet seasons, thereby optimizing carbon source partitioning. Notably, mesotrophic and oligotrophic lakes fostered resource cooperation by reducing network modularity and shaping carbon cycling through the coordinated action of multiple microbial groups. This study elucidates that carbon cycling in plateau lakes is governed by synergistic effects of trophic states and seasonal dynamics, with DOM serving as a critical mediator in microbial-driven carbon cycling dynamics.

高原湖泊对气候变化和人为干扰高度敏感。全球变暖引起的季节变化加剧使溶解有机质（DOM）与微生物群落之间的生物地球化学相互作用变得复杂。然而，在不同营养状态和季节条件下，DOM的化学成分如何调节微生物群落动态和碳循环尚不清楚。本文采用傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT-ICR MS）和宏基因组测序技术，研究了高原湖泊DOM组成、微生物群落和碳循环的季节和营养控制。结果表明，富营养湖泊DOM在旱季表现出明显的芳香性，富羧基脂环分子（CRAMs）占分子库的42.80%；相反，在雨季，含硫和含氮化合物如CHOS和CHONS显著增加，特别是在富营养化湖泊中。低营养湖泊的分子不稳定性最高，氢碳比（H/C）为1.24，分子不稳定性指数（MLB%）为34.76%。富营养化改变了微生物相互作用网络，增强了种间相互作用和代谢专门化。这种代谢变化促使植物在旱季优先利用不稳定的糖，在雨季促进顽固碳底物的降解，从而优化碳源分配。值得注意的是，中营养和寡营养湖泊通过减少网络模块性和通过多个微生物群的协调作用形成碳循环，促进了资源合作。本研究表明，高原湖泊的碳循环受营养状态和季节动态的协同作用控制，DOM在微生物驱动的碳循环动力学中起着重要的调节作用。

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引用次数: 0

An unveiled trade-off of biochar properties for selective oxidation of wastewater beyond Fenton-conditioned dewatering of sewage sludge 揭开了生物炭特性对废水选择性氧化的权衡，超出了污泥的fenton条件脱水

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125317

Zupeng Gong , Hengtao Zhu , Mingjie Huang , Wen-da Oh , Xiaohui Wu , Tao Zhou

Fenton conditioning (FC) is a popular pretreatment method for excessive sewage sludge dewatering, but inevitably incorporates exogenous iron with uncertain effects on the derived biochar. In this study, we reveal an FC-induced trade-off between sludge dewatering performance and the catalytic activity of the sludge-derived biochar. Compared with biochar from primary sludge or other Fe-pretreated sludge, the post-Fenton biochar (FC-MSBC) showed much higher PMS activation for phenol degradation. It also markedly improved the prior sludge dewatering performance. Within an appropriate FC dosage window, the surface concentration of Fe-N sites increased in parallel with the catalytic activity of FC-MSBC. Characterization showed that moderate •OH oxidation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) promoted the accumulation of bound Fe(III) within sludge aggregates and accelerated the release of intercellular water. With optimized FC, the dominant oxidation pathway in the FC-MSBC/PMS system shifted from high-valent iron (Fe(IV)=O) to singlet oxygen (¹O₂), enabling efficient treatment of real saline coking wastewater. This study provides a full-process perspective on converting “sludge to functional materials” for green, low-carbon wastewater purification.

Fenton调理（FC）是一种常用的污水污泥脱水预处理方法，但不可避免地引入外源铁，对衍生生物炭的影响不确定。在这项研究中，我们揭示了fc诱导的污泥脱水性能和污泥衍生生物炭的催化活性之间的权衡。与原生污泥或其他铁预处理污泥的生物炭相比，fenton后生物炭（FC-MSBC）对苯酚的降解具有更高的PMS活性。同时也显著改善了原有的污泥脱水性能。在适当的FC用量范围内，Fe-N位点的表面浓度随着FC- msbc的催化活性的增加而增加。表征表明，细胞外聚合物质（EPS）的适度•OH氧化促进了污泥聚集体中结合的Fe（III）的积累，并加速了细胞间水的释放。优化后的FC- msbc /PMS系统中，主要氧化途径由高价铁（Fe(IV)=O）转变为单重态氧（1O2），实现了对含盐焦化废水的高效处理。本研究为绿色低碳废水净化提供了“污泥转化为功能材料”的全流程视角。

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引用次数: 0

Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in marine food webs from Liaodong Bay: Levels, bioaccumulation, biomagnification and source apportionment 辽东湾海洋食物网中遗留和新出现的全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）：水平、生物积累、生物放大和来源分配

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125315

Hongneng Zhu , Guangfu Wu , Chenhe Zhao , Liping Yang , Xiaojing Yang , Xu Zhao , Qingxin Yin , Zhong Li , Hangbiao Jin , Shuyan Zhao , Jingjing Zhan , Lingyan Zhu

Short-chain legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have attracted global attention. However, little is known about their presence in marine bay food webs. Here, we investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation, trophic transfer and sources of 21 legacy and 18 emerging PFAS in Liaodong Bay, China. Concentrations of Σ₃₉PFAS were in the ranges of 28.55-104.63 ng/L in seawater, 26.98-144.72 ng/g dw in sediment, and 7.12-118.06 ng/g ww in marine organisms. PFAS in seawater and biota were dominated by short-chain PFAS (C ≤ 6), while in sediment were dominated by long-chain PFAS (C ≥ 7), with perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorobutane sulfonamide (FBSA), and N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtFOSA) being the main compounds, respectively. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification potential varied among PFAS classes and biota species. The highest biota-seawater accumulation factor (BAF) of 6:2 chlorinated perfluoropolyether sulfonic acids (6:2 Cl-PFESA, F-53B) in Nereis succinea and biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) of 7:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (7:3 FTCA) in Platycephalus indicus were observed. FBSA, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, GenX), and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) had the highest biomagnification factors (BMF) in the predator-prey interactions of Asterias amurensis-Mactra veneriformis, Odontamblyopus rubicundus-Bullacta exarata, and Portunus trituberculatus-Mactra veneriformis, respectively. Trophic magnification factors (TMF) in the marine bay food web differed among PFAS. FBSA, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) showed trophic magnification, while 8:2 FTCA and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) exhibited trophic dilution. Source apportionment analysis indicated a variety of sources for PFAS in biota, primarily deriving from industrial processes, commercial products and firefighting activities in the Liaodong Bay. The results of this study provide important information for evaluating the ecological risks of PFAS in marine bay ecosystems.

短链遗留和新兴的全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）引起了全球的关注。然而，人们对它们在海洋海湾食物网中的存在知之甚少。本文研究了辽东湾21种原有PFAS和18种新发PFAS的发生、生物积累、营养转移和来源。海水中Σ39PFAS浓度为28.55 ~ 104.63 ng/L，沉积物中为26.98 ~ 144.72 ng/g dw，海洋生物中为7.12 ~ 118.06 ng/g ww。海水和生物群中的PFAS以短链PFAS为主（C≤6），沉积物中以长链PFAS为主（C≥7），主要化合物分别为全氟丁酸（PFBA）、全氟丁烷磺酰胺（FBSA）和n -乙基全氟辛烷磺酰胺（N-EtFOSA）。不同的PFAS种类和不同的生物群具有不同的生物蓄积和生物放大潜力。结果表明，琥珀海蚌中6∶2氯化全氟聚醚磺酸（6∶2 Cl-PFESA, F-53B）的生物群-海水积累因子（BAF）最高，indicus Platycephalus中7∶3氟端粒羧酸（7∶3 FTCA）的生物群-沉积物积累因子（BSAF）最高。FBSA、六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸（HFPO-DA, GenX）和全氟戊酸（PFPeA）分别对amurenasis - mactra veneriformis、Odontamblyopus rubicundas - bullacta exarata和Portunus trituberculatus-Mactra veneriformis的捕食-食饵相互作用具有最高的生物放大因子（BMF）。不同PFAS的海湾食物网营养放大因子（TMF）存在差异。FBSA、全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）呈营养放大，而8:2 FTCA和全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）呈营养稀释。来源解析分析表明，辽东湾生物区系中PFAS的来源多种多样，主要来源于工业过程、商业产品和消防活动。本研究结果为评估海洋海湾生态系统中PFAS的生态风险提供了重要信息。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive evaluation and obstacle factor analysis of water security in Heilongjiang Province based on water footprint 基于水足迹的黑龙江省水安全综合评价及障碍因素分析

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125314

Lili Jiang , Chong Du , Siyuan Tan , Zhongxue Zhang , Tangzhe Nie , Tiecheng Li , Peng Chen , Changlei Dai

Against the backdrop of intensifying global climate change and rapid socioeconomic development, water security (WS) has become a critical constraint on sustainable development in Heilongjiang Province. This study integrates water footprint theory and the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model to construct a WS evaluation index system comprising 5 criterion layers and 45 indicators. Utilizing an integrated approach comprising the entropy weighting method, linear weighting method, coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, and obstacle degree model, the research systematically analyzes the evolution and obstacle factors of WS system in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2022. The results indicate that: (1) The WS system in Heilongjiang Province exhibited an overall positive trend, progressed from medium safety (2000-2002) to high safety (2003-2007) and ultimately to very high safety (2008-2022). Despite overall improvement, disparities in development rates of these layers resulted in persistent systemic imbalances. (2) The system coupling degree consistently exceeded 0.98 (high coupling), while coordination shifted from moderate imbalance (2000-2018) to basic coordination (2019-2022). A significant positive correlation existed between CCD and water security index (WSI). (3) Obstacle analysis identified the driving force dimension as the primary constraint. Dominant obstacle factors at the specific metrics level transitioned from engineering-ecological-economic factors in 2000 towards social-economic-management factors in 2022. This study could provide a scientific basis for sustainable water resource management in Heilongjiang Province and offer a valuable reference for WS evaluation in comparable regions.

在全球气候变化加剧和社会经济快速发展的背景下，水安全问题已成为制约黑龙江省可持续发展的重要因素。本研究将水足迹理论与驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（DPSIR）模型相结合，构建了包含5个标准层、45个指标的生态环境评价指标体系。采用熵权法、线性加权法、耦合协调度（CCD）模型和障碍度模型相结合的方法，系统分析了2000 - 2022年黑龙江省WS系统的演变及其障碍因素。结果表明：(1)黑龙江省WS系统总体呈上升趋势，从中等安全（2000-2002年）到高安全（2003-2007年），最终向极高安全（2008-2022年）发展。尽管总体上有所改善，但这些层次的发展速度差异导致了持续的系统性失衡。(2)系统耦合度持续超过0.98（高耦合），协调性从中度不平衡（2000-2018年）向基本协调（2019-2022年）转变。CCD与水安全指数（WSI）呈显著正相关。(3)障碍分析将驱动力维度确定为主要约束。具体指标层面的主导障碍因素由2000年的工程-生态-经济因素向2022年的社会-经济-管理因素转变。本研究可为黑龙江省水资源可持续管理提供科学依据，并为可比地区的WS评价提供有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

A novel combined use of FeCl3 and NaNO2 markedly improves the efficiency of aerobic waste activated sludge treatment FeCl3和NaNO2的新型组合使用显著提高了好氧废物活性污泥的处理效率

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125323

Renfu Zhang , Xi Lu , Guanbin Li , Xiaotong Cen , Dong Lin , Zhetai Hu

The management of waste activated sludge (WAS) remains a major challenge for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to its large volume, high treatment costs, and limited biodegradability. Conventional aerobic digestion, although simple and widely applied in small-scale WWTPs, often provides insufficient sludge reduction and stabilization, limiting its effectiveness. In this study, we propose a novel multi-stage strategy that integrates ferric salt–based acidification with nitrite addition as a pretreatment step, followed by aerobic digestion and subsequent anoxic recovery of iron–phosphate compounds. Batch tests confirmed that ferric salt–nitrite pretreatment substantially enhanced sludge solubilization, while long-term reactor operation demonstrated significant improvements in digestion performance. Pretreatment with 1200 mg Fe/L and 5 mg N/L increased total solids and volatile solids reduction by approximately 32.2% and 46.1%, respectively, and improved sludge quality by lowering specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and pathogen content to meet Class A biosolids standards. The dosed iron also captured phosphate released during digestion, which was subsequently transformed into vivianite in an anoxic bioprocess and successfully separated from sludge through acidic leaching. Overall, the integrated process achieved simultaneous sludge minimization, quality enhancement, and resource recovery, highlighting the potential of ferric salt–assisted pretreatment as a sustainable WAS management strategy within a circular economy framework.

由于活性污泥体积大、处理成本高、生物降解性有限，其管理一直是污水处理厂面临的主要挑战。传统的好氧消化虽然简单且广泛应用于小规模污水处理厂，但往往不能提供足够的污泥减量和稳定，限制了其效果。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新的多阶段策略，将铁盐酸化与亚硝酸盐添加作为预处理步骤，然后进行好氧消化和随后的磷酸铁化合物缺氧回收。批量试验证实，铁盐-亚硝酸盐预处理显著增强了污泥的增溶作用，而长期反应器运行也证明了消化性能的显著改善。1200 mg Fe/L和5 mg N/L预处理后，污泥总固体和挥发性固体分别减少约32.2%和46.1%，并通过降低比氧吸收率（SOUR）和病原体含量来改善污泥质量，达到A类生物固体标准。铁还捕获了消化过程中释放的磷酸盐，随后在缺氧生物过程中转化为橄榄石，并通过酸性浸出成功地从污泥中分离出来。总体而言，综合过程同时实现了污泥最小化，质量提高和资源回收，突出了铁盐辅助预处理作为循环经济框架内可持续WAS管理策略的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-functional FeMgAl-LDH/peroxydisulfate system for simultaneous carbon and phosphorus recovery from sludge anaerobic fermentation 双功能FeMgAl-LDH/过氧二硫酸钠系统在污泥厌氧发酵中同时回收碳和磷

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125321

Dan Li , Yuxin Li , Wei Xia , Weixin Zhao , Xinhui Xia , Zixuan Zhao , Likui Feng , Heng Liang , Haijiao Xie , Liangliang Wei

The recovery of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and phosphorus (P) from waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation is a promising sustainable strategy for resource valorization. However, its practical application has been hindered by low SCFAs yield and complex P recovery processes. In this study, a FeMgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH)/peroxydisulfate (PDS) co-treatment strategy was proposed to overcome these challenges. FeMgAl-LDH effectively activated PDS to generate hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and sulfate radicals (SO₄^•−), leading to the disruption of extracellular polymeric substance and a 369.31% increase in dissolved organic matter (measured by SCOD), thus providing abundant substrates for SCFAs production. Furthermore, the system enhanced hydrolytic/acidogenic enzyme activity, enriched functional microbial communities, and activated acidogenic metabolic pathways. Consequently, SCFAs production increased by 7.90-fold (4598.56 vs. 582.27 mg COD/L), and the acetate proportion rose from 23.74% to 66.03%. Simultaneously, the co-treatment facilitated the release of both organic P and Fe-bound P, achieving a total P recovery efficiency of 21.28% via FeMgAl-LDH induced ion exchange, surface complexation, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bond. When used as a slow-release fertilizer, the recovered P-loaded FeMgAl-LDH increased the fresh weight of ryegrass by 51.02% in pot experiments. Overall, this synergistic strategy provides an innovative and integrated solution for simultaneous carbon and P resource recovery from WAS, highlighting its potential for advancing sustainable sludge management and circular bioeconomy practices.

从废活性污泥（WAS）厌氧发酵中回收短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和磷(P)是一种有前途的可持续资源增值策略。然而，scfa产量低和P回收过程复杂阻碍了其实际应用。本研究提出了一种femgal层状双氢氧化物(LDH)/过硫酸氢盐（PDS）共处理策略来克服这些挑战。FeMgAl-LDH有效激活PDS生成羟基自由基（•OH）和硫酸盐自由基（SO4•−），导致细胞外聚合物质被破坏，溶解有机物（以SCOD测量）增加369.31%，从而为SCFAs的产生提供了丰富的底物。此外，该系统增强了水解/产酸酶活性，丰富了功能性微生物群落，激活了产酸代谢途径。结果表明，scfa产量提高了7.90倍（4598.56 mg /L vs 582.27 mg /L），乙酸比例从23.74%提高到66.03%。同时，通过FeMgAl-LDH诱导的离子交换、表面络合、静电吸引和氢键作用，共处理促进了有机磷和铁结合磷的释放，总磷回收率为21.28%。在盆栽试验中，作为缓释肥料，回收的富磷FeMgAl-LDH使黑麦草鲜重增加了51.02%。总体而言，这一协同战略为WAS同时回收碳和磷资源提供了一种创新的综合解决方案，突出了其在推进可持续污泥管理和循环生物经济实践方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0