Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)18
K. Sornek
{"title":"The Impact of Micro Scale Combustion of Biomass Fuels on Environment","authors":"K. Sornek","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)3
K. Boryczko
{"title":"Wiek wody w sieci wodociągowej jako czynnik ryzyka zdrowotnego związanego ze zbiorowym zaopatrzeniem w wodę","authors":"K. Boryczko","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(3)20
A. Długoński, M. Szumanski
Biomass is the oldest and third in terms of volume renewable energy source. Biomass produced by recreational parks is organic matter (fresh of dry) produced by plants as a consequence of their normal growth. Plant waste (bio-waste) produced mainly due to leaf abscission in autumn and during maintenance works are generally transported outside park area. This results in a loss of potential profit for the manager/owner of the site. Bio-waste may be stored in composting plants or incinerated in on-site incineration plants producing energy for the park (and its environs) and thus contributing to energetic self-sufficiency of the park. The aim of this article is to estimate biomass volume available in selected Lodz city parks for use in energy production.
{"title":"Use of recreational park bio-waste as locally available energy resource","authors":"A. Długoński, M. Szumanski","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(3)20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(3)20","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass is the oldest and third in terms of volume renewable energy source. Biomass produced by recreational parks is organic matter (fresh of dry) produced by plants as a consequence of their normal growth. Plant waste (bio-waste) produced mainly due to leaf abscission in autumn and during maintenance works are generally transported outside park area. This results in a loss of potential profit for the manager/owner of the site. Bio-waste may be stored in composting plants or incinerated in on-site incineration plants producing energy for the park (and its environs) and thus contributing to energetic self-sufficiency of the park. The aim of this article is to estimate biomass volume available in selected Lodz city parks for use in energy production.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)5
L. Dąbrowska
Comparison of heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr) fractionation methods was done. Two different sequential extraction methods were investigated: Te ssier, and BCR method. For the experiment following materials were used: sewage sludge were collected f rom mechanical-biological municipal wastewater trea tment plant located in Czestochowa, and bottom sediment f rom the Poraj Reservoir. After results comparison, it was stated that content of particular chemical forms of heavy metals in total amount in sewage sludge and bottom sediment vary depending on used extraction method. Also in sewage sludge and bottom sediment cadmium concentrations measured in exchangeable-carbonate, i organic-sulfide, and in residual (insoluble comp ounds) fractions after extraction according to Tessier met hod, did not equal to values obtained after use of BCR extraction method. This also applied to zinc and lead concentr ations in iron and manganese oxides fraction. The d iscrepancy between the results could be explained with both: u sed extractants, and extraction conditions (differe nt agents, temperature, and time). The results point out how i mportant is the choice of a proper extraction metho d depending on the aim of speciation analysis but also dependin g on the analyzed chemical forms of heavy metals.
{"title":"Fractionation of heavy metals in bottom sediments and sewage sludges using sequential extraction","authors":"L. Dąbrowska","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)5","url":null,"abstract":"Comparison of heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr) fractionation methods was done. Two different sequential extraction methods were investigated: Te ssier, and BCR method. For the experiment following materials were used: sewage sludge were collected f rom mechanical-biological municipal wastewater trea tment plant located in Czestochowa, and bottom sediment f rom the Poraj Reservoir. After results comparison, it was stated that content of particular chemical forms of heavy metals in total amount in sewage sludge and bottom sediment vary depending on used extraction method. Also in sewage sludge and bottom sediment cadmium concentrations measured in exchangeable-carbonate, i organic-sulfide, and in residual (insoluble comp ounds) fractions after extraction according to Tessier met hod, did not equal to values obtained after use of BCR extraction method. This also applied to zinc and lead concentr ations in iron and manganese oxides fraction. The d iscrepancy between the results could be explained with both: u sed extractants, and extraction conditions (differe nt agents, temperature, and time). The results point out how i mportant is the choice of a proper extraction metho d depending on the aim of speciation analysis but also dependin g on the analyzed chemical forms of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)7
J. Kapusta-Duch, T. Leszczyńska, B. Borczak
Nitrites are thought to be ten times more toxic to humans and animals than nitrates. Nitrites are able to form nitrosamines, stable, strongly toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic compounds. The presented paper investigates the effect of packaging types and length of chilled storage on changes in nitrates and nitrites contents in white and red cabbage sauerkraut. Two types of bags were used for packing the product: one made from low density polyethylene (PE-LD) and the other from the metalized polyethylene terephthalate (PET met/PE). Vegetables were analysed before and after packaging and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 months of chilled storage in two types of packaging. It has been observed in this work that nitrate contents in cold-stored sauerkrauts fluctuated in subsequent four months and the values found were generally significant. A type of packaging did not have a significant effect on the levels of nitrites in the sauerkrauts analyzed.
{"title":"Effect of packages on nitrates and nitrites contents in sauerkrauts","authors":"J. Kapusta-Duch, T. Leszczyńska, B. Borczak","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(1)7","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrites are thought to be ten times more toxic to humans and animals than nitrates. Nitrites are able to form nitrosamines, stable, strongly toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic compounds. The presented paper investigates the effect of packaging types and length of chilled storage on changes in nitrates and nitrites contents in white and red cabbage sauerkraut. Two types of bags were used for packing the product: one made from low density polyethylene (PE-LD) and the other from the metalized polyethylene terephthalate (PET met/PE). Vegetables were analysed before and after packaging and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 months of chilled storage in two types of packaging. It has been observed in this work that nitrate contents in cold-stored sauerkrauts fluctuated in subsequent four months and the values found were generally significant. A type of packaging did not have a significant effect on the levels of nitrites in the sauerkrauts analyzed.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68906072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)13
K. Frączek, D. Ropek, A. Lenart-Boroń
The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolates originating from a municipal waste landfill to the selected heavy metals. The analyses were conducted using environmental strains, isolated from surface water – a stream flowing along the landfill and from leachate and the observations were compared to the reaction of a reference strain EC ATCC 25922. The growth rate of bacterial cultures was evaluated in the liquid medium supplemented with 0.02; 0.1 and 0.5 mg dm of heavy metal salts: chromium, zinc, cadmium, copper, lead and mercury. The bacterial growth was examined turbidimetrically every 24 hours for 5 days. The performed study showed differences between the examined isolates in their response to the addition of the heavy metals in the liquid medium. Additionally, varied intensity of the heavy metals’ effect on bacterial growth was observed, with the weakest growth inhibition being recorded in the case of lead, while chromium and mercury causing the greatest growth inhibition of bacterial strains.
{"title":"The Effect of Heavy Metals on the Growth of Waterborne Escherichia coli of Municipal Landfill Origin","authors":"K. Frączek, D. Ropek, A. Lenart-Boroń","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)13","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolates originating from a municipal waste landfill to the selected heavy metals. The analyses were conducted using environmental strains, isolated from surface water – a stream flowing along the landfill and from leachate and the observations were compared to the reaction of a reference strain EC ATCC 25922. The growth rate of bacterial cultures was evaluated in the liquid medium supplemented with 0.02; 0.1 and 0.5 mg dm of heavy metal salts: chromium, zinc, cadmium, copper, lead and mercury. The bacterial growth was examined turbidimetrically every 24 hours for 5 days. The performed study showed differences between the examined isolates in their response to the addition of the heavy metals in the liquid medium. Additionally, varied intensity of the heavy metals’ effect on bacterial growth was observed, with the weakest growth inhibition being recorded in the case of lead, while chromium and mercury causing the greatest growth inhibition of bacterial strains.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)16
Karolina Petela, A. Szlęk
In the face of environmental regulations, renewable energy systems are anticipated to become more attractive. Passive buildings may appear promising in terms of energy saving. The aim of the work is an investigation of energy effects of using radiative passive cooling. System analysed here bases on the radiative heat exchange with nocturnal sky. On every exposed surface, beyond the convection mechanism, a radiative heat exchange with the sky takes place. Analysis shows that passive cooling has a potential in cold production, however is sensitive to ambient conditions and that cold supply is inversely proportional to demands. Small value of average heat loss from the radiator makes the system independently unable to fulfil cooling demand, however may become an attractive, eco-friendly supplement to a conventional air-conditioner.
{"title":"Assesment of Passive Cooling in Residential Application under Moderate Climate Conditions","authors":"Karolina Petela, A. Szlęk","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)16","url":null,"abstract":"In the face of environmental regulations, renewable energy systems are anticipated to become more attractive. Passive buildings may appear promising in terms of energy saving. The aim of the work is an investigation of energy effects of using radiative passive cooling. System analysed here bases on the radiative heat exchange with nocturnal sky. On every exposed surface, beyond the convection mechanism, a radiative heat exchange with the sky takes place. Analysis shows that passive cooling has a potential in cold production, however is sensitive to ambient conditions and that cold supply is inversely proportional to demands. Small value of average heat loss from the radiator makes the system independently unable to fulfil cooling demand, however may become an attractive, eco-friendly supplement to a conventional air-conditioner.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(4)32
K. Grata
{"title":"Sensitivity of Fusarium solani isolated from asparagus on essential oils","authors":"K. Grata","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(4)32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(4)32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68906307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)12
E. Bezak-Mazur, D. Adamczyk
Activated carbon is known as adsorbent to various contaminants from wastewater and air. The aim of work was to estimate sorptive capacity of activated carbon in the removal of dyes, which are contaminants from textile wastewaters. The mixture of two dyes, methyl blue and naphtol green B were chosen to study, and as adsorbent we have chosen the activated carbon WDex, virgin and regenerated. Dye concentration in both cases was 200 mg/dm. Sorption abilities of activated carbon were expressed by mass balance relationship in case of fresh activated carbon it was 60 mg/g, and after regeneration from 8 to 13 mg/g. The experimental data adsorption isotherms were defined and adsorption theoretical model such as Freundlich or Langmuir, was selected. The highest removal efficiency in case of methyl blue was 94% for virgin carbon, the lowest 75% (carbon after 4 regeneration). The highest removal efficiency in case of naphtol green B was 78% for carbon after IV regeneration, the lowest 55% (carbon after 1 regeneration). The experimental data shows that activated carbon can be used for the decontamination of dyes from textile wastewater. However, model tests need to be verified on real wastewater samples.
{"title":"Adsorption of Mixture of Two Dyes on Activated Carbon","authors":"E. Bezak-Mazur, D. Adamczyk","doi":"10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2428/ECEA.2016.23(2)12","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon is known as adsorbent to various contaminants from wastewater and air. The aim of work was to estimate sorptive capacity of activated carbon in the removal of dyes, which are contaminants from textile wastewaters. The mixture of two dyes, methyl blue and naphtol green B were chosen to study, and as adsorbent we have chosen the activated carbon WDex, virgin and regenerated. Dye concentration in both cases was 200 mg/dm. Sorption abilities of activated carbon were expressed by mass balance relationship in case of fresh activated carbon it was 60 mg/g, and after regeneration from 8 to 13 mg/g. The experimental data adsorption isotherms were defined and adsorption theoretical model such as Freundlich or Langmuir, was selected. The highest removal efficiency in case of methyl blue was 94% for virgin carbon, the lowest 75% (carbon after 4 regeneration). The highest removal efficiency in case of naphtol green B was 78% for carbon after IV regeneration, the lowest 55% (carbon after 1 regeneration). The experimental data shows that activated carbon can be used for the decontamination of dyes from textile wastewater. However, model tests need to be verified on real wastewater samples.","PeriodicalId":44472,"journal":{"name":"ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A-CHEMIA I INZYNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68905617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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