Pub Date : 2020-05-24DOI: 10.1177/2046147x20920805
César García
This article suggests we live in a neo-Baroque era of communication between organizations and publics. The 17th and 18th centuries are particularly rich in literature about the importance of building a reputation to get and retain power. These authors consider communication management, a key factor in how monarchs, princes, and governments must relate to their constituencies to make their power sustainable. A chief minister to the French kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV, Cardinal Mazarin’s Breviary of Politics offers a solid representation of Baroque thought on communication and power. A critical analysis of his book shows that many of the elements associated with Baroque art, a style born with a propagandistic purpose that appeals to irrationality and primary emotions through a combination of dramatic visual elements, could be found to have profound resemblances with the way public relations is practiced in our current post-truth era. This era shows how communication managers and leaders have been able to reach their objectives by being irrational, thanks to the echo chamber provided by both social media and mainstream media with their multiplicity of truths, where a community of like-minded individuals, sort of a correlate of the ‘believers’ in the Baroque period, are looking to confirm their preconceptions. The resemblances between Mazarin and Baroque’s simulation art, privileging appearances, the visual and emotional over facts, squares surprisingly well with how recent or current leaders such as Donald J. Trump, Boris Johnson or George W. Bush connect with the masses. Perhaps these political leaders are being irrational, but there is a rationality in using irrationality to their advantage.
这篇文章表明，我们生活在一个组织与公众沟通的新巴洛克时代。17和18世纪的文学作品尤其丰富，讲述了建立声誉对获得和保持权力的重要性。这些作者认为沟通管理是君主、王子和政府如何与他们的选民建立联系以使其权力可持续发展的关键因素。作为法国国王路易十三和路易十四的首席大臣，红衣主教马扎林的《政治祈祷书》为巴洛克式的交流和权力思想提供了坚实的代表。对他的书的批判性分析表明，巴洛克艺术的许多元素与我们当前后真相时代的公共关系实践方式有着深刻的相似之处。巴洛克艺术是一种带有宣传目的的风格，通过结合戏剧性的视觉元素来吸引非理性和原始情感。这个时代表明，沟通管理者和领导者是如何通过不理性的方式达到他们的目标的，这要归功于社交媒体和主流媒体提供的具有多样性真相的回音室，在那里，一群志同道合的人，有点像巴洛克时期的“信徒”，正在寻求证实他们的先入之见。马扎林和巴洛克的模拟艺术之间的相似之处是，将外表、视觉和情感置于事实之上，这与唐纳德·j·特朗普(Donald J. Trump)、鲍里斯·约翰逊(Boris Johnson)或乔治·w·布什(George W. Bush)等最近或现任领导人与大众的联系惊人地吻合。也许这些政治领导人是不理性的，但利用不理性为自己谋利也是理性的。
{"title":"Cardinal Mazarin’s Breviary of politics: Exploring parallelisms between the Baroque and public relations in a post-truth society","authors":"César García","doi":"10.1177/2046147x20920805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147x20920805","url":null,"abstract":"This article suggests we live in a neo-Baroque era of communication between organizations and publics. The 17th and 18th centuries are particularly rich in literature about the importance of building a reputation to get and retain power. These authors consider communication management, a key factor in how monarchs, princes, and governments must relate to their constituencies to make their power sustainable. A chief minister to the French kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV, Cardinal Mazarin’s Breviary of Politics offers a solid representation of Baroque thought on communication and power. A critical analysis of his book shows that many of the elements associated with Baroque art, a style born with a propagandistic purpose that appeals to irrationality and primary emotions through a combination of dramatic visual elements, could be found to have profound resemblances with the way public relations is practiced in our current post-truth era. This era shows how communication managers and leaders have been able to reach their objectives by being irrational, thanks to the echo chamber provided by both social media and mainstream media with their multiplicity of truths, where a community of like-minded individuals, sort of a correlate of the ‘believers’ in the Baroque period, are looking to confirm their preconceptions. The resemblances between Mazarin and Baroque’s simulation art, privileging appearances, the visual and emotional over facts, squares surprisingly well with how recent or current leaders such as Donald J. Trump, Boris Johnson or George W. Bush connect with the masses. Perhaps these political leaders are being irrational, but there is a rationality in using irrationality to their advantage.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"295 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147x20920805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46715214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147x20920821
E. Ciszek
Since the early 20th century, public relations has been implicated in the production and sustainment of celebrity. Celebrities rely on the work of publicists to strategically cast, produce, and place discourses within spheres of popular culture. Through an extended interview with Alan Nierob, publicist of transgender celebrity Caitlyn Jenner, this article is an analysis of celebrity public relations as a site of cultural intermediation. Drawing on Bourdieu’s notions of habitus, capital, and fields, this article sheds light on the practice of celebrity public relations to understand how publicists leverage cultural and social capital to construct legitimacy for their clients. This study contributes to a broader sociological understanding of celebrity public relations and opens new avenues for research in considering how publicity might translate into broader socio-political impacts.
{"title":"The man behind the woman: Publicity, celebrity public relations, and cultural intermediation","authors":"E. Ciszek","doi":"10.1177/2046147x20920821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147x20920821","url":null,"abstract":"Since the early 20th century, public relations has been implicated in the production and sustainment of celebrity. Celebrities rely on the work of publicists to strategically cast, produce, and place discourses within spheres of popular culture. Through an extended interview with Alan Nierob, publicist of transgender celebrity Caitlyn Jenner, this article is an analysis of celebrity public relations as a site of cultural intermediation. Drawing on Bourdieu’s notions of habitus, capital, and fields, this article sheds light on the practice of celebrity public relations to understand how publicists leverage cultural and social capital to construct legitimacy for their clients. This study contributes to a broader sociological understanding of celebrity public relations and opens new avenues for research in considering how publicity might translate into broader socio-political impacts.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"135 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147x20920821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41808986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147X20920816
Savannah Lee Coco, Stine Eckert
Through in-depth interviews with 15 women in the United States, this pilot study contributes to filling the gap in scholarship on consumer perceptions of sponsored content posted by social media influencers (SMI). We found women may follow social media influencers because of prior topic interests, perceived relatability, and authenticity. Social exchange and relationship management theories do not sufficiently account for purchasing decisions despite negative views of consumers. We argue for a new theory called Influencer-Follower Relationship Management Theory.
{"title":"#sponsored: Consumer insights on social media influencer marketing","authors":"Savannah Lee Coco, Stine Eckert","doi":"10.1177/2046147X20920816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X20920816","url":null,"abstract":"Through in-depth interviews with 15 women in the United States, this pilot study contributes to filling the gap in scholarship on consumer perceptions of sponsored content posted by social media influencers (SMI). We found women may follow social media influencers because of prior topic interests, perceived relatability, and authenticity. Social exchange and relationship management theories do not sufficiently account for purchasing decisions despite negative views of consumers. We argue for a new theory called Influencer-Follower Relationship Management Theory.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"177 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147X20920816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43933263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147x20933074
{"title":"Towards a Latin American perspective in PR theory and practice","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/2046147x20933074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147x20933074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"213 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147x20933074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45870912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147X20920820
Cecilia Cassinger, Åsa Thelander
Much is currently expected from what PR campaigns involving social media can accomplish with regard to strengthening employee voice. Previous research on voice as a specific approach to employee relations has primarily relied on the effects and mechanisms of voice. There is scant research dealing with the processes and practices of employee voice. This article outlines a performative approach to conceptualizing the practice of employee voice. It focuses on how employees perform voice in a PR campaign involving Instagram takeover. The campaign was launched by a complex organization in Scandinavia, aimed at countering negative attention in local news media and improving the reputation of the organization. This article analyses the conditions of voicing concerns in the campaign through the lens of a dramaturgical approach to social life. First, the findings indicate that voicing is a form of individual and collective performance through which the meaning of work and the campaign are negotiated in relation to both other participants and an imagined audience. Second, visual conventions and organizational culture were found to govern performances of voice on Instagram. Third, findings underscore the need to understand employee voice as a socially and culturally embedded practice.
{"title":"Voicing the organization on Instagram: Towards a performative understanding of employee voice","authors":"Cecilia Cassinger, Åsa Thelander","doi":"10.1177/2046147X20920820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X20920820","url":null,"abstract":"Much is currently expected from what PR campaigns involving social media can accomplish with regard to strengthening employee voice. Previous research on voice as a specific approach to employee relations has primarily relied on the effects and mechanisms of voice. There is scant research dealing with the processes and practices of employee voice. This article outlines a performative approach to conceptualizing the practice of employee voice. It focuses on how employees perform voice in a PR campaign involving Instagram takeover. The campaign was launched by a complex organization in Scandinavia, aimed at countering negative attention in local news media and improving the reputation of the organization. This article analyses the conditions of voicing concerns in the campaign through the lens of a dramaturgical approach to social life. First, the findings indicate that voicing is a form of individual and collective performance through which the meaning of work and the campaign are negotiated in relation to both other participants and an imagined audience. Second, visual conventions and organizational culture were found to govern performances of voice on Instagram. Third, findings underscore the need to understand employee voice as a socially and culturally embedded practice.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"195 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147X20920820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147X20920802
Jochen Hoffmann, Karina Nyborg, Charlotte Averhoff, Simone Olesen
An emerging field of research views Corporate Political Advocacy (CPA) as a communication strategy that responds to the challenges of public relations in divided societies. CPA takes a political position in public and, by doing so, appears to deliberately alienate some of its stakeholders. This study challenges the assumption that CPA discards a unifying epideictic rhetoric in favour of agonistic politics. The investigated case is Nike’s Dream Crazy campaign starring American football player Colin Kaepernick, whose protest against race discrimination in the United States sparked a heated public debate. Although the critical analysis of the campaign and responses on Twitter reveal deep political cleavages, Nike is concurrently engaged in unchallenged communication praising the hyper-individualism of a market ideology. The epideictic contingency of Nike’s CPA undermines the social cause ostensibly at the heart of the campaign: the fight against racial discrimination.
{"title":"The contingency of corporate political advocacy: Nike’s ‘dream crazy’ campaign with Colin Kaepernick","authors":"Jochen Hoffmann, Karina Nyborg, Charlotte Averhoff, Simone Olesen","doi":"10.1177/2046147X20920802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X20920802","url":null,"abstract":"An emerging field of research views Corporate Political Advocacy (CPA) as a communication strategy that responds to the challenges of public relations in divided societies. CPA takes a political position in public and, by doing so, appears to deliberately alienate some of its stakeholders. This study challenges the assumption that CPA discards a unifying epideictic rhetoric in favour of agonistic politics. The investigated case is Nike’s Dream Crazy campaign starring American football player Colin Kaepernick, whose protest against race discrimination in the United States sparked a heated public debate. Although the critical analysis of the campaign and responses on Twitter reveal deep political cleavages, Nike is concurrently engaged in unchallenged communication praising the hyper-individualism of a market ideology. The epideictic contingency of Nike’s CPA undermines the social cause ostensibly at the heart of the campaign: the fight against racial discrimination.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"155 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147X20920802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43413385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147x19882552
T. Thomson
{"title":"Book Review: Simon Collister and Sarah Roberts-Bowman, Visual Public Relations: Strategic Communication beyond Text","authors":"T. Thomson","doi":"10.1177/2046147x19882552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147x19882552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"129 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147x19882552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2046147X19845421
Hui Zhao
This study examines the influences of national contexts on crisis attribution to address the recent appeal for a more contextually sensitive perspective in crisis communication research. Specifically, this study revisits the situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) in the Chinese context by taking an online discussion on Weibo about a high-profile homicide in a McDonald’s restaurant as the case. Built on the framing theory and categorization of national contexts, an inductive framing analysis of 100 top forwarded posts demonstrates a complex negotiation process of context-embedded frames and its significant impacts on crisis attribution. The model of SCCT is then refined by integrating national contexts into the concept of ‘modifier’. Implications for both theory and practice are also discussed.
{"title":"Contextual awareness on organizational crises: National context and crisis attribution","authors":"Hui Zhao","doi":"10.1177/2046147X19845421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X19845421","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the influences of national contexts on crisis attribution to address the recent appeal for a more contextually sensitive perspective in crisis communication research. Specifically, this study revisits the situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) in the Chinese context by taking an online discussion on Weibo about a high-profile homicide in a McDonald’s restaurant as the case. Built on the framing theory and categorization of national contexts, an inductive framing analysis of 100 top forwarded posts demonstrates a complex negotiation process of context-embedded frames and its significant impacts on crisis attribution. The model of SCCT is then refined by integrating national contexts into the concept of ‘modifier’. Implications for both theory and practice are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":44609,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Inquiry","volume":"9 1","pages":"61 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2046147X19845421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44367863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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