Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2048688
S. Wolters
ABSTRACT This article looks at the first three years of DRC President Felix Tshisekedi’s presidential mandate, and specifically at the period between January 2019 and August 2021. It examines the evolution of the ruling coalition between Tshisekedi’s Coalition pour le Changement (CACH) and former President Joseph Kabila’s Front Commun pour le Congo (FCC), which emerged from the contested 2018 presidential election in the DRC. In doing so it traces the gradual breakdown of relations between the ruling alliance partners and takes a step-by-step look at how Tshisekedi managed ultimately to break up the FCC’s parliamentary majority, paving the way for the formation of a new majority which supports him. In doing so the article will examine the legal aspects of the different steps taken towards the break-up of the ruling coalition and the parliamentary majority and examine the implications of the process for the DRC’s political future.
{"title":"Anatomy of a break-up in the Democratic Republic of Congo: The collapse of the FCC-CACH majority and why it matters","authors":"S. Wolters","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2048688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2048688","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article looks at the first three years of DRC President Felix Tshisekedi’s presidential mandate, and specifically at the period between January 2019 and August 2021. It examines the evolution of the ruling coalition between Tshisekedi’s Coalition pour le Changement (CACH) and former President Joseph Kabila’s Front Commun pour le Congo (FCC), which emerged from the contested 2018 presidential election in the DRC. In doing so it traces the gradual breakdown of relations between the ruling alliance partners and takes a step-by-step look at how Tshisekedi managed ultimately to break up the FCC’s parliamentary majority, paving the way for the formation of a new majority which supports him. In doing so the article will examine the legal aspects of the different steps taken towards the break-up of the ruling coalition and the parliamentary majority and examine the implications of the process for the DRC’s political future.","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"91 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49644927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2042375
Alexander Beyleveld
Attention to policies, laws, regulations, and practices of emerging powers, such as Brazil, China, and India, abounds as their influence over global governance is increasingly felt. So do discussions over the puzzling disenchantment of the United States with the very international economic order (characterized by the World Trade Organization) it built. But Gregory Shaffer, a world-renowned legal realist, stands out by offering an exceptionally in-depth, comprehensive, and pragmatic diagnosis of the rise of the emerging powers and the impacts they bring about in his new book Emerging Powers and the World Trading System. Shaffer convincingly addresses the key question – ‘[h]ow has the international trade and broader economic legal order changed since the WTO’s creation because of Brazil’s, India’s, and China’s rise and their development of trade law capacity?’ (p. 9) and resolves the paradox of why the United States ‘now calls into question the trade law system it created, while emerging economies that long criticized that system for its bias in favor of US interests defend it’ (p. viii). The book has nine chapters, organized into three parts. Part I lays down the foundation by first introducing the book’s purpose, context, and organization (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 describes the analytical framework that focuses on changes in five dimensions – law, institutions, professions, networks, and practices – within countries and at the international level simultaneously, and key concepts such as the theory of trade law capacity. Chapter 3 then identifies four challenges – technical capacity, financial resources, political and economic repercussions from powerful states, and internal governance obstacles – that countries face in developing trade law capacity. Part II – the core of the book – systematically applies the analytical framework of transnational legal ordering and trade law capacity theory and examines Brazil (Chapter 4), India (Chapter 5), and China (Chapters 6 and 7). It documents how the three emerging powers have transformed themselves – in response to the WTO – through changes in profession, institutions, professionals, networks, and practices, and how they now seek to impact the WTO and the global trading system. The chapter on Brazil (Chapter 4) surveys how it became the first emerging economy to build the legal capacity to seriously challenge the US and EU at the WTO and created models that India and China later borrowed. Shaffer and his co-author Michelle Ratton Sanchez Badin detail
{"title":"Emerging Powers and the World Trading System: The Past and Future of International Economic Law","authors":"Alexander Beyleveld","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2042375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2042375","url":null,"abstract":"Attention to policies, laws, regulations, and practices of emerging powers, such as Brazil, China, and India, abounds as their influence over global governance is increasingly felt. So do discussions over the puzzling disenchantment of the United States with the very international economic order (characterized by the World Trade Organization) it built. But Gregory Shaffer, a world-renowned legal realist, stands out by offering an exceptionally in-depth, comprehensive, and pragmatic diagnosis of the rise of the emerging powers and the impacts they bring about in his new book Emerging Powers and the World Trading System. Shaffer convincingly addresses the key question – ‘[h]ow has the international trade and broader economic legal order changed since the WTO’s creation because of Brazil’s, India’s, and China’s rise and their development of trade law capacity?’ (p. 9) and resolves the paradox of why the United States ‘now calls into question the trade law system it created, while emerging economies that long criticized that system for its bias in favor of US interests defend it’ (p. viii). The book has nine chapters, organized into three parts. Part I lays down the foundation by first introducing the book’s purpose, context, and organization (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 describes the analytical framework that focuses on changes in five dimensions – law, institutions, professions, networks, and practices – within countries and at the international level simultaneously, and key concepts such as the theory of trade law capacity. Chapter 3 then identifies four challenges – technical capacity, financial resources, political and economic repercussions from powerful states, and internal governance obstacles – that countries face in developing trade law capacity. Part II – the core of the book – systematically applies the analytical framework of transnational legal ordering and trade law capacity theory and examines Brazil (Chapter 4), India (Chapter 5), and China (Chapters 6 and 7). It documents how the three emerging powers have transformed themselves – in response to the WTO – through changes in profession, institutions, professionals, networks, and practices, and how they now seek to impact the WTO and the global trading system. The chapter on Brazil (Chapter 4) surveys how it became the first emerging economy to build the legal capacity to seriously challenge the US and EU at the WTO and created models that India and China later borrowed. Shaffer and his co-author Michelle Ratton Sanchez Badin detail","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"109 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45640410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2042373
Yu-Shan Wu
ABSTRACT This exploratory article is interested in how transnational foreign policy ideas are shaped and institutionalised. One such idea that has re-emerged more prominently since the early 2000s is that of the ‘Indo-Pacific’ that covers the geoeconomic landscape of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The question is whether such a concept can exist beyond white papers and the current environment of US–China competition. In order to understand how transnational concepts become embedded and promoted, the example of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) – not only as the perceived anti-thesis to the Indo-Pacific but also as a relatively successful concept in Africa–China ties – will be examined. While there is no strict formula for the success of foreign policy ideas that go on to become institutionalised, it is of interest to understand the elements and contexts that bring about concept durability beyond their initial formation.
{"title":"Beyond ‘Indo-Pacific’ as a buzzword: Learning from China’s BRI experience","authors":"Yu-Shan Wu","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2042373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2042373","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This exploratory article is interested in how transnational foreign policy ideas are shaped and institutionalised. One such idea that has re-emerged more prominently since the early 2000s is that of the ‘Indo-Pacific’ that covers the geoeconomic landscape of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The question is whether such a concept can exist beyond white papers and the current environment of US–China competition. In order to understand how transnational concepts become embedded and promoted, the example of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) – not only as the perceived anti-thesis to the Indo-Pacific but also as a relatively successful concept in Africa–China ties – will be examined. While there is no strict formula for the success of foreign policy ideas that go on to become institutionalised, it is of interest to understand the elements and contexts that bring about concept durability beyond their initial formation.","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44207696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2046149
Natalie Leibrandt-Loxton
ABSTRACT The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa has since 1994 actively participated in multilateral parliamentary diplomacy through inter-parliamentary institutions (IPIs). This article considers parliamentary diplomacy as an instrument of soft power and interrogates the soft power impact of agenda-setting in the context of IPIs. The qualitative analysis of various parliamentary records and other document sources reveals agenda-setting actions by Parliament that can be understood as instruments of soft power that hold positive implications for the state. Challenges to potential soft power gains were also identified. The research was enriched with primary perspectives from interviewed parliamentary members and officials who have consistently served as South African delegates to IPIs. The study provides insights for members of parliament and other policymakers on the merits and modalities of employing agenda-setting within multilateral parliamentary diplomacy as a soft power tool of the state.
{"title":"Agenda-setting as a tool of soft power in multilateral parliamentary diplomacy: Experiences of the South African Parliament","authors":"Natalie Leibrandt-Loxton","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2046149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2046149","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa has since 1994 actively participated in multilateral parliamentary diplomacy through inter-parliamentary institutions (IPIs). This article considers parliamentary diplomacy as an instrument of soft power and interrogates the soft power impact of agenda-setting in the context of IPIs. The qualitative analysis of various parliamentary records and other document sources reveals agenda-setting actions by Parliament that can be understood as instruments of soft power that hold positive implications for the state. Challenges to potential soft power gains were also identified. The research was enriched with primary perspectives from interviewed parliamentary members and officials who have consistently served as South African delegates to IPIs. The study provides insights for members of parliament and other policymakers on the merits and modalities of employing agenda-setting within multilateral parliamentary diplomacy as a soft power tool of the state.","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"69 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43181667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2043776
G. Razzano
1. The Land Claims Court (LCC) appointed Professor Richard Levin as the Special Master of Labour Tenants for a period of five years from 2 January 2020. As per the Constitutional Court’s ruling, the Special Master was an agent of the LCC and served a supervisory and monitoring role to ensure that the Department addressed the backlog. On 30 September 2020, the LCC approved a Revised Implementation Plan specifying how the Special Master would oversee the processing of all remaining claims by the Department.
{"title":"Leap 4.0: African Perspectives on the Fourth Industrial Revolution","authors":"G. Razzano","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2043776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2043776","url":null,"abstract":"1. The Land Claims Court (LCC) appointed Professor Richard Levin as the Special Master of Labour Tenants for a period of five years from 2 January 2020. As per the Constitutional Court’s ruling, the Special Master was an agent of the LCC and served a supervisory and monitoring role to ensure that the Department addressed the backlog. On 30 September 2020, the LCC approved a Revised Implementation Plan specifying how the Special Master would oversee the processing of all remaining claims by the Department.","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"115 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43226677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2043775
Zintle Koza
{"title":"Land in South Africa: Contested Meanings and Nation Building","authors":"Zintle Koza","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2043775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2043775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"113 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2022.2042374
Sören Scholvin
{"title":"China in Africa: Between Imperialism and Partnership in Humanitarian Development","authors":"Sören Scholvin","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2022.2042374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2022.2042374","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"29 1","pages":"107 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46868791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2021.2018035
Wanjiku Kaniaru
{"title":"The role of international law in promoting transboundary freshwater governance: The UN Watercourses Convention and the Revised SADC Water Protocol","authors":"Wanjiku Kaniaru","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2021.2018035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2021.2018035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44394157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2021.2007788
Alan Hirsch
{"title":"The African Union’s Free Movement of Persons Protocol: Why has it faltered and how can its objectives be achieved?","authors":"Alan Hirsch","doi":"10.1080/10220461.2021.2007788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2021.2007788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48438229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.57054/ajia.v13i1-2.1274
Journal system
Contents The Niger Delta Crisis: A Focus on Post-Amnesty Militancy and National Security Otojieh Chukwuemeka Ojione ........................................... .......... 1 The Complex Roots of the Second Eritrea-Ethiopia War: Re-Examining the Causes Redie Bereketeab....................................................................... 15 Nigeria-China Economic Relations Under the South-South Cooperation Samuel O. Udeala ....................................................................... 61 Avoiding the Oil Curse in Ghana: Is Transparency Sufficient? Franklin Obeng-Odoom..............................................................89 United States Foreign Policy and the Second Liberian Civil War George Klaty Kieh, Jr.................................................................121
{"title":"AJIA, Volume 13, n° 1 & 2, 2010 - Full Issue","authors":"Journal system","doi":"10.57054/ajia.v13i1-2.1274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ajia.v13i1-2.1274","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Contents \u0000The Niger Delta Crisis: A Focus on Post-Amnesty Militancy and National Security \u0000Otojieh Chukwuemeka Ojione ........................................... .......... 1 \u0000The Complex Roots of the Second Eritrea-Ethiopia War: Re-Examining the Causes \u0000Redie Bereketeab....................................................................... 15 \u0000Nigeria-China Economic Relations Under the South-South Cooperation \u0000Samuel O. Udeala ....................................................................... 61 \u0000Avoiding the Oil Curse in Ghana: Is Transparency Sufficient? \u0000Franklin Obeng-Odoom..............................................................89 \u0000United States Foreign Policy and the Second Liberian Civil War \u0000George Klaty Kieh, Jr.................................................................121 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":44641,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of International Affairs-SAJIA","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78955169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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