Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100201
Mario Meza-Bazán
{"title":"La Nueva Izquierda y la competencia por la revolución en el Perú durante el gobierno de Velasco. 1968 - 1975","authors":"Mario Meza-Bazán","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100220
Tomas Andres Ilabaca Turri, Javier Corvalán Rodriguez
The article consists of an analysis of the constitution, legitimization and changes of elite schools in Chile. By Pierre Bourdieu's theory, this analysis is carried out based on a review of literature and documents about the country's education system and elites, giving account of the internal and external dynamics of the educational field, which made possible the constitution, legitimacy and changes in these schools. We observe the existence of a paradox between certain an atmosphere of concern for reducing school social segregation and these dynamics of the field and of the elites that operate towards the constitution of a group of institutions that generate dynamics of segregation.
{"title":"Configuración y legitimación del campo de los colegios de élite en Chile ¿Quiénes son y que dinámicas han posibilitado su acceso a posiciones de poder en el campo educativo?","authors":"Tomas Andres Ilabaca Turri, Javier Corvalán Rodriguez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100220","url":null,"abstract":"The article consists of an analysis of the constitution, legitimization and changes of elite schools in Chile. By Pierre Bourdieu's theory, this analysis is carried out based on a review of literature and documents about the country's education system and elites, giving account of the internal and external dynamics of the educational field, which made possible the constitution, legitimacy and changes in these schools. We observe the existence of a paradox between certain an atmosphere of concern for reducing school social segregation and these dynamics of the field and of the elites that operate towards the constitution of a group of institutions that generate dynamics of segregation.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100211
Valentina Jorquera-Peñailillo
{"title":"Mujeres militantes, combatientes y revolucionarias: la Operación Siglo XX y el rol de las mujeres en el Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez","authors":"Valentina Jorquera-Peñailillo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100216
Federico Martocci
{"title":"La trayectoria de Alfonso Corona Martínez, o cómo mirar el bosque a través de un árbol. Redes intelectuales, accionar político y crisis interna del Partido Socialista pampeano (1924-1945)","authors":"Federico Martocci","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100229
Melina Jean-Jean
The historiographic productions on the memories of the workers victims of the State terrorism of the 1970s in Argentina, have been very scarce. This article shows, in regional-local key (city of Ensenada, Buenos Aires province), the ways to elaborate absences of those who have constituted the highest percentage of disappeared and murdered in Argentina (2003-2015). Their representations are described and analyzed through territorial marks, warning that they function as tributes, commemorations and rituals, at the same time that they act as symbolic reparations for their relatives and close friends.
{"title":"Memorias y representaciones de trabajadores desaparecidos y asesinados por el terrorismo de Estado de la década de 1970 en la ciudad de Ensenada, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.","authors":"Melina Jean-Jean","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100229","url":null,"abstract":"The historiographic productions on the memories of the workers victims of the State terrorism of the 1970s in Argentina, have been very scarce. This article shows, in regional-local key (city of Ensenada, Buenos Aires province), the ways to elaborate absences of those who have constituted the highest percentage of disappeared and murdered in Argentina (2003-2015). Their representations are described and analyzed through territorial marks, warning that they function as tributes, commemorations and rituals, at the same time that they act as symbolic reparations for their relatives and close friends.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100224
Cristian Alister-Sanhueza, Luz Bravo-Armazabal, Álvaro Galliorio-Jorquera, Dasten Julian-Vejar, Felipe Marchant-Fuentes
{"title":"¿Hay sindicatos en La Araucanía? Problemas organizacionales en experiencias de investigación y acción.","authors":"Cristian Alister-Sanhueza, Luz Bravo-Armazabal, Álvaro Galliorio-Jorquera, Dasten Julian-Vejar, Felipe Marchant-Fuentes","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100209
Claudia Rojas-Mira, Ximena Jiles-Moreno
Resumen: En el presente texto describiremos y analizaremos la acción política del MEMCH, así como su influencia en la sociedad chilena, entre los años 1935-1949. Revisaremos su alcance geográfico; su masividad y pluralidad en términos de adherentes y su programa emancipador y visionario, con el uso polifacético de determinadas y eficaces estrategias de acción, sobre las que la historiografía no ha reparado suficientemente hasta el presente. Entre ellas: su orgánica, a través de la formación de comités locales en diversos puntos del país, sus relaciones con el Comité Central; el intercambio epistolar asiduo, sostenido entre las integrantes de éstos y la dirigencia; los viajes en tren de sus delegadas con el propósito de desplegarse en las provincias, tanto del Norte como del Sur del país, para acercarse y capacitar a las mujeres; los Congresos Nacionales ampliados, que escucharon la voz de dirigentes y militantes; los liderazgos emblemáticos; las manifestaciones públicas; las alianzas con organizaciones fraternales, partidos políticos, gremios, sindicatos y personeros influyentes en la esfera política; la creación y uso de elementos identitarios; las campañas específicas marcadas por la contingencia nacional e internacional y la difusión de su línea editorial a través del periódico “La Mujer Nueva”. Se subraya además como atributos articuladores de la acción política del MEMCH: la fraternidad entre sus militantes, la pluralidad de ideas, credos y clases sociales presentes en sus filas. Dentro de un contexto político particular, no solo se avocaron a la lucha por lograr el voto femenino sino que desarrollaron estrategias de comunicación y organización que resultaron muy efectivas, tales como la comunicación epistolar y las visitas de sus delegadas al norte y sur. Como hipótesis formulamos que el MEMCH articuló sus actividades creando y usando una pluralidad de estrategias que hicieron posible masificar el movimiento. Estableció una fuerte y sostenida vinculación entre sectores de mujeres ilustradas y populares, y en pro de un programa integral de reivindicaciones femeniles, cuya eficiencia se debió, a pesar de las tensiones inter-clases, a que la autonomía de la organización fue el principio fundamental, así como la construcción de una identidad propia. No solo fue un movimiento político sino que planteó problemas que todavía están vigentes y forman parte de las demandas de los movimientos feministas actuales.
{"title":"La extraordinaria acción política protagonizada por el Movimiento pro-Emancipación de las Mujeres de Chile, (MEMCH): 1935-1949","authors":"Claudia Rojas-Mira, Ximena Jiles-Moreno","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100209","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: En el presente texto describiremos y analizaremos la acción política del MEMCH, así como su influencia en la sociedad chilena, entre los años 1935-1949. Revisaremos su alcance geográfico; su masividad y pluralidad en términos de adherentes y su programa emancipador y visionario, con el uso polifacético de determinadas y eficaces estrategias de acción, sobre las que la historiografía no ha reparado suficientemente hasta el presente. Entre ellas: su orgánica, a través de la formación de comités locales en diversos puntos del país, sus relaciones con el Comité Central; el intercambio epistolar asiduo, sostenido entre las integrantes de éstos y la dirigencia; los viajes en tren de sus delegadas con el propósito de desplegarse en las provincias, tanto del Norte como del Sur del país, para acercarse y capacitar a las mujeres; los Congresos Nacionales ampliados, que escucharon la voz de dirigentes y militantes; los liderazgos emblemáticos; las manifestaciones públicas; las alianzas con organizaciones fraternales, partidos políticos, gremios, sindicatos y personeros influyentes en la esfera política; la creación y uso de elementos identitarios; las campañas específicas marcadas por la contingencia nacional e internacional y la difusión de su línea editorial a través del periódico “La Mujer Nueva”. Se subraya además como atributos articuladores de la acción política del MEMCH: la fraternidad entre sus militantes, la pluralidad de ideas, credos y clases sociales presentes en sus filas. Dentro de un contexto político particular, no solo se avocaron a la lucha por lograr el voto femenino sino que desarrollaron estrategias de comunicación y organización que resultaron muy efectivas, tales como la comunicación epistolar y las visitas de sus delegadas al norte y sur. Como hipótesis formulamos que el MEMCH articuló sus actividades creando y usando una pluralidad de estrategias que hicieron posible masificar el movimiento. Estableció una fuerte y sostenida vinculación entre sectores de mujeres ilustradas y populares, y en pro de un programa integral de reivindicaciones femeniles, cuya eficiencia se debió, a pesar de las tensiones inter-clases, a que la autonomía de la organización fue el principio fundamental, así como la construcción de una identidad propia. No solo fue un movimiento político sino que planteó problemas que todavía están vigentes y forman parte de las demandas de los movimientos feministas actuales.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100221
María Olga Ruiz-Cabello, Tamara Vidaurrázaga-Aránguiz
This article analyzes the experience of the conosureña revolutionary militancy in the sixties and seventies of the twentieth century, focusing on three organizations: the Revolutionary Left Movement, the Revolutionary Workers Party-People's Revolutionary Army and the Liberation Movement Nacional-Tupamaros. The approach is made from the approaches proposed by the New Cultural History and Gender Studies and considers the analysis of specific bibliography, testimonies of ex-militants and a wide and diverse documentary body produced by organizations
{"title":"Cuerpos para armar. Enfoques culturales para el análisis de las militancias revolucionarias del Cono Sur latinoamericano.","authors":"María Olga Ruiz-Cabello, Tamara Vidaurrázaga-Aránguiz","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100221","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the experience of the conosureña revolutionary militancy in the sixties and seventies of the twentieth century, focusing on three organizations: the Revolutionary Left Movement, the Revolutionary Workers Party-People's Revolutionary Army and the Liberation Movement Nacional-Tupamaros. The approach is made from the approaches proposed by the New Cultural History and Gender Studies and considers the analysis of specific bibliography, testimonies of ex-militants and a wide and diverse documentary body produced by organizations","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100203
Cristina Moyano-Barahona
: The main objective of this article is to recover the immediate historicity of the categories of "consensus, pact and agreement" during the years 1987-1989, placing special emphasis on three elements: a) the policies of failed alliances; b) the meaning constructed by some intellectuals of the opposition to the military dictatorship and c) the “situated receptions” of the transition processes from other latitudes, particularly that of Spain. With the above, it seeks to investigate the horizons of possibilities of the present-past and through there, rethink the complexities of a time of high uncertainty, forgotten in the present criticisms of the Transition carried out, which decontextualizes the meaning of the substantial categories that guided the imaginary of the process.
{"title":"Transición chilena a la democracia. El tiempo histórico del acontecimiento plebiscitario entre 1987-1988.","authors":"Cristina Moyano-Barahona","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100203","url":null,"abstract":": The main objective of this article is to recover the immediate historicity of the categories of \"consensus, pact and agreement\" during the years 1987-1989, placing special emphasis on three elements: a) the policies of failed alliances; b) the meaning constructed by some intellectuals of the opposition to the military dictatorship and c) the “situated receptions” of the transition processes from other latitudes, particularly that of Spain. With the above, it seeks to investigate the horizons of possibilities of the present-past and through there, rethink the complexities of a time of high uncertainty, forgotten in the present criticisms of the Transition carried out, which decontextualizes the meaning of the substantial categories that guided the imaginary of the process.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100204
Pedro Lacobelli
This investigation is framed within the scholarship that examines Latin American politics during WWII. We aim to reassess the Chilean experience departing from an analysis of those who supported neutrality and the activities of the Japanese legation in the country. From a methodological pint of view, we shed light on less studied actors and reveal important elements for the understanding of the Chilean situation during the War. This paper concludes that the argument for neutrality lay on a specific idea of the “national interest” which was supported by various politician, some of those were also supportive to the pro Japanese networks. This is an original study that uses archival information from the U.S., Chile and Japan in order to reveal the ideas and interests behind the support for neutrality among some conservatives and popular front members.
{"title":"Conservadores, Radicales y el “interés nacional”: las redes de apoyo al Imperio de Japón en Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.","authors":"Pedro Lacobelli","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100204","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation is framed within the scholarship that examines Latin American politics during WWII. We aim to reassess the Chilean experience departing from an analysis of those who supported neutrality and the activities of the Japanese legation in the country. From a methodological pint of view, we shed light on less studied actors and reveal important elements for the understanding of the Chilean situation during the War. This paper concludes that the argument for neutrality lay on a specific idea of the “national interest” which was supported by various politician, some of those were also supportive to the pro Japanese networks. This is an original study that uses archival information from the U.S., Chile and Japan in order to reveal the ideas and interests behind the support for neutrality among some conservatives and popular front members.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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