Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100203
Henry A. Giroux, Ourania Filippakou, S. Ocampo
The discourse of authoritarianism and the echoes of a fascist past resurface. In this context, higher education, beyond favoring practices of freedom, has become an instrumentalized institution in order to reproduce and legitimize dynamics of domination. This article questions this reactionary form of educational and pedagogical action, particularly in its neoliberal version. At the same time, it explores how education can provide the theoretical and practical foundations to rethink its own purpose, together with the very nature of politics. In this sense, this article proposes that education and politics are completely inseparable dimensions. Estadounidense. Autor principal. Doctor en Sociología, en Carnegie-Mellon University (USA). Catedrático del Departamento de inglés y estudios culturales, de McMaster University (Canadá). Correo electrónico: girouxh@mcmaster.ca Griega. Co-autor. Doctora en Educación, Instituto de Educación de Londres – UCL (). Académica del Departamento de Educación de Brunel University London. orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-7356 Correo electrónico: ourania.filippakou@brunel.ac.uk Chilena. Traductora del artículo. Máster en Intervenciones Sociales y Educativas, Universidad de Barcelona (España). Licenciada en Historia, Universidad de Chile. Correo electrónico: sofiao19@gmail.com 49, marzo 2020: 2083-2102 2084
威权主义的话语和过去法西斯主义的回声重新浮出水面。在这种背景下，高等教育，除了支持自由的实践之外，已经成为一种工具化的机构，以复制和合法化统治的动态。本文质疑这种教育和教学行动的反动形式，特别是其新自由主义版本。与此同时，它探讨了教育如何提供理论和实践基础，以重新思考其自身的目的，以及政治的本质。在这个意义上，本文提出教育与政治是完全不可分割的两个维度。Estadounidense。奥托校长。en博士Sociología, en卡内基梅隆大学(美国)。Catedrático麦克马斯特大学文化系(加拿大)。Correo electrónico: girouxh@mcmaster.ca或Griega。Co-autor。伦敦大学学院Educación研究所博士Educación。伦敦布鲁内尔大学Educación学院。orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-7356 Correo electrónico: ourania.filippakou@brunel.ac.uk;Traductora del artículo。Máster en巴塞罗那大学社会与教育干预(España)。智利大学历史系。Correo electrónico: sofiao19@gmail.com 49, marzo 2020: 2083-2102 2084
{"title":"Pedagogía Crítica en la Era del Autoritarismo: Desafíos y Posibilidades","authors":"Henry A. Giroux, Ourania Filippakou, S. Ocampo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100203","url":null,"abstract":"The discourse of authoritarianism and the echoes of a fascist past resurface. In this context, higher education, beyond favoring practices of freedom, has become an instrumentalized institution in order to reproduce and legitimize dynamics of domination. This article questions this reactionary form of educational and pedagogical action, particularly in its neoliberal version. At the same time, it explores how education can provide the theoretical and practical foundations to rethink its own purpose, together with the very nature of politics. In this sense, this article proposes that education and politics are completely inseparable dimensions. Estadounidense. Autor principal. Doctor en Sociología, en Carnegie-Mellon University (USA). Catedrático del Departamento de inglés y estudios culturales, de McMaster University (Canadá). Correo electrónico: girouxh@mcmaster.ca Griega. Co-autor. Doctora en Educación, Instituto de Educación de Londres – UCL (). Académica del Departamento de Educación de Brunel University London. orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-7356 Correo electrónico: ourania.filippakou@brunel.ac.uk Chilena. Traductora del artículo. Máster en Intervenciones Sociales y Educativas, Universidad de Barcelona (España). Licenciada en Historia, Universidad de Chile. Correo electrónico: sofiao19@gmail.com 49, marzo 2020: 2083-2102 2084","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70208477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100246
Rodrigo A. Álvarez-Valdés
This paper studies the Communication Strategy of Chile ́ Foreign Policy towards China, in the period 1973-1979. With this aims, through the collection of primary data product of work with secret, reserved and ordinary documents, as well as telex and notes of archive, the study from a multidisciplinary approach (International Relations, Present Time and Communication) analyzes the bilateral relations of these countries. It has been concluded that bilateral relations in the 70s was not a continuum, but was subdivided into two stages, which represented a complex scenario to be solved for the Communicational Strategies of Chile's foreign policy; in which China was central so that the Civic-Military Dictatorship would not be completely isolated from the international system. In the same way, it was possible to determine the subjects on which both States exchanged ideas, visions and positions for the categories of Internal Policy of Chile, Bilateral Relations Chile-China and Regional and International Policy of Chile. In this way, the research, thinking about current and future bilateral relations, allows us to look at a historical moment in which the tensions and problems of the Chilean Communicational Strategy towards Chileno. Doctor en Estudios Americanos, Especialidad Estudios Internacionales; Master of Arts en Economía Política Internacional; Periodista y Licenciado en Comunicación Social. Académico investigador en Asia-Pacífico, Relaciones Internacionales y Seguridad Internacional. Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH; el autor agradece a esta casa de estudios por el apoyo al Proyecto POSTDOC_DYCYT, Código 031852RO_POSTDOC. Correo electrónico: rodrigo.alvarez@usach.cl 49, abril 2020 3067-3089 3068 China had not been visualized; and it is a contribution to understand how this country was relating and establishing its position to determine the way it communicated with Chile.
本文研究1973-1979年智利对华外交政策的传播策略。为此目的，通过收集工作的原始数据产品与秘密，保留和普通文件，以及电传和档案笔记，研究从多学科的方法(国际关系，现在和通信)分析这些国家的双边关系。得出的结论是，70年代的双边关系不是一个连续体，而是细分为两个阶段，这是智利外交政策传播战略需要解决的复杂情况;中国是其中的中心，这样军民独裁就不会完全孤立于国际体系之外。同样，可以确定两国就智利国内政策、智利-中国双边关系和智利区域和国际政策等类别交换意见、看法和立场的主题。通过这种方式，研究，考虑当前和未来的双边关系，使我们能够看到一个历史时刻，在这个时刻，智利的沟通战略对智利的紧张和问题。美国工作室博士、国际工作室博士;文学硕士en Economía Política国际;Periodista y Licenciado en Comunicación Social。国际安全与国际关系学院(Asia-Pacífico)。智利圣地亚哥大学;奥托agradece胆固醇apoyo al POSTDOC_DYCYT项目,casa de estudios脏污031852 ro_postdoc。Correo electrónico: rodrigo.alvarez@usach.cl 2020年4月49日3067-3089 3068中国尚未可视化;它有助于了解这个国家如何与智利建立联系并确立自己的地位，从而确定它与智利的沟通方式。
{"title":"Política Asiática del Régimen Militar Chileno (1973-1979): La estrategia comunicacional contra el aislamiento, el caso de China.","authors":"Rodrigo A. Álvarez-Valdés","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100246","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the Communication Strategy of Chile ́ Foreign Policy towards China, in the period 1973-1979. With this aims, through the collection of primary data product of work with secret, reserved and ordinary documents, as well as telex and notes of archive, the study from a multidisciplinary approach (International Relations, Present Time and Communication) analyzes the bilateral relations of these countries. It has been concluded that bilateral relations in the 70s was not a continuum, but was subdivided into two stages, which represented a complex scenario to be solved for the Communicational Strategies of Chile's foreign policy; in which China was central so that the Civic-Military Dictatorship would not be completely isolated from the international system. In the same way, it was possible to determine the subjects on which both States exchanged ideas, visions and positions for the categories of Internal Policy of Chile, Bilateral Relations Chile-China and Regional and International Policy of Chile. In this way, the research, thinking about current and future bilateral relations, allows us to look at a historical moment in which the tensions and problems of the Chilean Communicational Strategy towards Chileno. Doctor en Estudios Americanos, Especialidad Estudios Internacionales; Master of Arts en Economía Política Internacional; Periodista y Licenciado en Comunicación Social. Académico investigador en Asia-Pacífico, Relaciones Internacionales y Seguridad Internacional. Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH; el autor agradece a esta casa de estudios por el apoyo al Proyecto POSTDOC_DYCYT, Código 031852RO_POSTDOC. Correo electrónico: rodrigo.alvarez@usach.cl 49, abril 2020 3067-3089 3068 China had not been visualized; and it is a contribution to understand how this country was relating and establishing its position to determine the way it communicated with Chile.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100208
Guadalupe A. Seia
{"title":"El movimiento estudiantil contra la política universitaria de la última dictadura en Argentina. El caso de la Universidad de Buenos Aires","authors":"Guadalupe A. Seia","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70209595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100216
Lluís Parcerisa, Cristóbal Villalobos
{"title":"Movimientos sociales y resistencia al accountability en Chile: estrategias discursivas, identidad y acciones de la campaña Alto al SIMCE","authors":"Lluís Parcerisa, Cristóbal Villalobos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100245
Domingo Pérez-Valenzuela
With the union as a workers association emerged in the capitalist production, there is little theory and evidence studying how unionism can develop at the opposite extreme: the reproductive world. A historical but unexplored case of study is the project of “territorial unionism” developed in neighborhoods of poor workers towards the end of the neoliberal dictatorship in Chile (1985-89). The present paper analyzes this case through interviews with the organizers and review of documents, finding an apparently unique historical and political geography of “popular power”. Workshops on territoriality, health, women, labor rights and territorial collective bargaining, developed in neighborhood community spaces and in historical areas of workers’ power, provide evidence that question the limits, logics and territorial traditions of trade unionism. Large portions of proletariat in the urban sprawl of Latin America underline the potential for unions and neighborhood organizations to cross their geographies to stimulate the working class consciousness. * Chile. Sociólogo, Universidad de Chile. Estudiante Doctorado en Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Investigador del Observatorio de Huelgas Laborales (OHL) de la Universidad Alberto Hurtado (UAH) y el Centro de Estudios de Conflicto y Cohesión Social (COES) (FONDAP No15130009). Correo: djperez2@uc.cl.
随着工会作为一种工人协会在资本主义生产中出现，很少有理论和证据研究工会主义如何在另一个极端:再生产世界中发展。一个历史上但尚未被探索的研究案例是智利新自由主义独裁统治末期在贫困工人社区发展起来的“领土工会主义”项目(1985-89)。本文通过对组织者的访谈和文献的回顾来分析这个案例，发现了一个明显独特的“大众权力”的历史和政治地理。在邻里社区空间和工人权力的历史领域开展的关于属地性、卫生、妇女、劳工权利和属地集体谈判的讲习班提供了质疑工会主义的局限性、逻辑和属地传统的证据。拉丁美洲城市扩张中的大部分无产阶级强调了工会和社区组织跨越地域刺激工人阶级意识的潜力。*智利。Sociólogo，智利大学。智利教皇大学Católica博士学位Geografía。Alberto Hurtado大学Huelgas Laborales天文台(OHL)和Cohesión社会冲突研究中心(COES)调查员(FONDAP no . 15130009)。Correo: djperez2@uc.cl。
{"title":"La territorialización del sindicalismo en barrios pobres. Evidencia en el poniente de Santiago, final de la dictadura en Chile (1985-89).","authors":"Domingo Pérez-Valenzuela","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100245","url":null,"abstract":"With the union as a workers association emerged in the capitalist production, there is little theory and evidence studying how unionism can develop at the opposite extreme: the reproductive world. A historical but unexplored case of study is the project of “territorial unionism” developed in neighborhoods of poor workers towards the end of the neoliberal dictatorship in Chile (1985-89). The present paper analyzes this case through interviews with the organizers and review of documents, finding an apparently unique historical and political geography of “popular power”. Workshops on territoriality, health, women, labor rights and territorial collective bargaining, developed in neighborhood community spaces and in historical areas of workers’ power, provide evidence that question the limits, logics and territorial traditions of trade unionism. Large portions of proletariat in the urban sprawl of Latin America underline the potential for unions and neighborhood organizations to cross their geographies to stimulate the working class consciousness. * Chile. Sociólogo, Universidad de Chile. Estudiante Doctorado en Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Investigador del Observatorio de Huelgas Laborales (OHL) de la Universidad Alberto Hurtado (UAH) y el Centro de Estudios de Conflicto y Cohesión Social (COES) (FONDAP No15130009). Correo: djperez2@uc.cl.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100250
Diego Velásquez-Orellana
I use an relational approach to analyze the re-territorialization of Copper Large Mining in Chile between 1955-1966, because it was a very conflictive period and the territory was re configured in all scales. I identify the beginning of changes in the network-territory at international scale, which re-structured the power relations, the spatial organization and it presented an political opportunity to mobilize a nationalist discourse of copper appropriation.
{"title":"Resistencia laboral en la Gran Minería del Cobre en Chile 1955-1966. Un análisis relacional del territorio.","authors":"Diego Velásquez-Orellana","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100250","url":null,"abstract":"I use an relational approach to analyze the re-territorialization of Copper Large Mining in Chile between 1955-1966, because it was a very conflictive period and the territory was re configured in all scales. I identify the beginning of changes in the network-territory at international scale, which re-structured the power relations, the spatial organization and it presented an political opportunity to mobilize a nationalist discourse of copper appropriation.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100204
Francisco Javier Ramos-Pardo, Irene Martínez-Martín, Montserrat Blanco-García
{"title":"Sentido de la educación para la ciudadanía desde pedagogías feministas, críticas y decoloniales. Una propuesta para la formación del profesorado","authors":"Francisco Javier Ramos-Pardo, Irene Martínez-Martín, Montserrat Blanco-García","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70209177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100241
Kostiuk Ruslan
The article focuses on the analysis of the contemporary development of Latin American social democracy. The author investigates an internal political differentiation of leftwing centrism indicating, at the same time, the existence of several currents within socialdemocracy (from radical one to social-reformist and social-liberal ones) and weighing the levels of interaction between various parties of center-left. In that area, he pays close attention to his participation in the activities of the Socialist International, Progressive Alliance, COPPPAL and the São Paulo Forum. By demonstrating similar attitudes and particularities in the positions of the Latin American center-left towards politics and institutions, the author concludes that many social-democratic parties manage to share faith in political pluralism with the demands of a direct democracy. Another approach to the text is the analysis of the center-left attitudes towards the issue of the unity of the left in general. Observing that social policy continues to be the strategical basis of the Latin American Left-Centrist parties, the author pays attention to several economic initiatives proposed by the Socialist parties and at the same time assesses their attitudes towards an international agenda. * Rusia, Doctor en Historia, profesor de Saint-Petersburg State University, rouslan_k@mail.ru El texto fue elaborado con el apoyo de la Fundación Científica Rusa (RNF), proyecto 19-18-00305, “La Comintern en América Latina: tradiciones históricas y procesos políticos”.
{"title":"La social-democracia contemporánea en América Latina: rasgos generales y particularidades","authors":"Kostiuk Ruslan","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100241","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the analysis of the contemporary development of Latin American social democracy. The author investigates an internal political differentiation of leftwing centrism indicating, at the same time, the existence of several currents within socialdemocracy (from radical one to social-reformist and social-liberal ones) and weighing the levels of interaction between various parties of center-left. In that area, he pays close attention to his participation in the activities of the Socialist International, Progressive Alliance, COPPPAL and the São Paulo Forum. By demonstrating similar attitudes and particularities in the positions of the Latin American center-left towards politics and institutions, the author concludes that many social-democratic parties manage to share faith in political pluralism with the demands of a direct democracy. Another approach to the text is the analysis of the center-left attitudes towards the issue of the unity of the left in general. Observing that social policy continues to be the strategical basis of the Latin American Left-Centrist parties, the author pays attention to several economic initiatives proposed by the Socialist parties and at the same time assesses their attitudes towards an international agenda. * Rusia, Doctor en Historia, profesor de Saint-Petersburg State University, rouslan_k@mail.ru El texto fue elaborado con el apoyo de la Fundación Científica Rusa (RNF), proyecto 19-18-00305, “La Comintern en América Latina: tradiciones históricas y procesos políticos”.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100244
Sebastián Gómez
The article analyze the uses of Antonio Gramsci's thinking between young Catalan and Argentine communists between 1950 and 1975. These young university students maintained conflicting links with the veteran political-cultural leadership of the Argentine Communist Party and the Unified Socialist Party of Catalunya. In a hybrid and complex process between cultural modernization and political radicalization, they resorted to Gramscian thinking to renew the Marxist tradition, to oppose party-oriented politicalcultural orientation and to substantiate political options.
{"title":"Usos de Antonio Gramsci en Catalunya y Argentina: jóvenes comunistas en un conflicto generacional (1950-1975).","authors":"Sebastián Gómez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100244","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyze the uses of Antonio Gramsci's thinking between young Catalan and Argentine communists between 1950 and 1975. These young university students maintained conflicting links with the veteran political-cultural leadership of the Argentine Communist Party and the Unified Socialist Party of Catalunya. In a hybrid and complex process between cultural modernization and political radicalization, they resorted to Gramscian thinking to renew the Marxist tradition, to oppose party-oriented politicalcultural orientation and to substantiate political options.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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