Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100214
David Martínez
According to Jürgen Habermas, his theory of legitimacy is independent of morality. To justify this statement, he resorts to immanent arguments based on the historic development of modern society. However, the incorporation of the principle of discourse can be seen in the sense that legitimacy is not freed from morality of the Kantian tradition. This return of Kant opens the space for Hegelian objections. One of them is elaborated by James Finlayson, who argues that the problem in Habermas is that he reconstructs a notion of normative validity that incorporates Thomas Nagel's distinction between agent-neutral interests and agent-relative interests. The inclusion of this distinction would be problematic, as it would imply a split that would make the agent-neutral interests of morality and the agent-relative interests of empirical subjects irreconcilable. This article argues that the objection can be answered from Habermas based on the concepts of recognition and solidarity. However, these concepts are incompatible with Nagel's distinction, so the latter must be rejected.
{"title":"Moralidad y legitimidad en la teoría crítica de Jürgen Habermas: normatividad, reconocimiento y solidaridad","authors":"David Martínez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100214","url":null,"abstract":"According to Jürgen Habermas, his theory of legitimacy is independent of morality. To justify this statement, he resorts to immanent arguments based on the historic development of modern society. However, the incorporation of the principle of discourse can be seen in the sense that legitimacy is not freed from morality of the Kantian tradition. This return of Kant opens the space for Hegelian objections. One of them is elaborated by James Finlayson, who argues that the problem in Habermas is that he reconstructs a notion of normative validity that incorporates Thomas Nagel's distinction between agent-neutral interests and agent-relative interests. The inclusion of this distinction would be problematic, as it would imply a split that would make the agent-neutral interests of morality and the agent-relative interests of empirical subjects irreconcilable. This article argues that the objection can be answered from Habermas based on the concepts of recognition and solidarity. However, these concepts are incompatible with Nagel's distinction, so the latter must be rejected.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100208
Ana Carolina Gálvez-Comandini
{"title":"Las políticas de la prostitución de los movimientos feministas en Chile a comienzos del siglo XX","authors":"Ana Carolina Gálvez-Comandini","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100206
Juan José Gómez-Gutiérrez, Esteban Anchústegui-Igartua
When examining the relationship between art and the Russian Revolution, it has been commonly established a historical divide between early (pre-revolutionary) avant-garde practices and the propagandistic élan of the new State, which eventually liquidated Modern art in the USSR. This article qualifies this view by examining the development of the RussianSoviet avant-garde from the perspective of conflicting interpretations of "revolutionary art." It concludes that, together with the subordination of art to politics, there persisted in the USSR marginal practices which, highlighting the autonomy of aesthetics, assigned political effects to avant-garde criticism of artistic representation.
{"title":"Estética y revolución: consideraciones políticas sobre las vanguardias ruso-soviéticas (1911-1936)","authors":"Juan José Gómez-Gutiérrez, Esteban Anchústegui-Igartua","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100206","url":null,"abstract":"When examining the relationship between art and the Russian Revolution, it has been commonly established a historical divide between early (pre-revolutionary) avant-garde practices and the propagandistic élan of the new State, which eventually liquidated Modern art in the USSR. This article qualifies this view by examining the development of the RussianSoviet avant-garde from the perspective of conflicting interpretations of \"revolutionary art.\" It concludes that, together with the subordination of art to politics, there persisted in the USSR marginal practices which, highlighting the autonomy of aesthetics, assigned political effects to avant-garde criticism of artistic representation.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70211470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492022000100222
Claudia Calquin-Donoso
In this reflection work I examine the notion of biological citizenship in light of the discussions on the right to abortion, exposed in the processing of law 20.030 on therapeutic abortion in three causes in Chile. The genealogy of this modality of citizen production and its emergence in the LGBTQ movements in the 90s and its inheritances for current feminist movements, especially in the criticism of heterosexual power and new forms of reappropriation of knowledge and technologies, are questioned. The discourses of both selfstyled physicians for life and women's movements are analyzed below to reveal the ways in which women's bodies and reproductive capacities are subject to disputes and tensions. It is concluded that the feminist biological citizenships put in tension, challenged and reconfigured the territories of government of the biopolitical practices and technologies, as well as the feminist policies of the body and the subjectivity towards novel forms of resistance in which the biological body is central.
{"title":"Ciudadanias biológicas, luchas contemporáneas por el aborto y la autonomía sexual y reproductiva: reconfigurando los territorios de disputas.","authors":"Claudia Calquin-Donoso","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492022000100222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492022000100222","url":null,"abstract":"In this reflection work I examine the notion of biological citizenship in light of the discussions on the right to abortion, exposed in the processing of law 20.030 on therapeutic abortion in three causes in Chile. The genealogy of this modality of citizen production and its emergence in the LGBTQ movements in the 90s and its inheritances for current feminist movements, especially in the criticism of heterosexual power and new forms of reappropriation of knowledge and technologies, are questioned. The discourses of both selfstyled physicians for life and women's movements are analyzed below to reveal the ways in which women's bodies and reproductive capacities are subject to disputes and tensions. It is concluded that the feminist biological citizenships put in tension, challenged and reconfigured the territories of government of the biopolitical practices and technologies, as well as the feminist policies of the body and the subjectivity towards novel forms of resistance in which the biological body is central.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70212098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100202
Pablo Rivera-Vargas, Sebastián Neut Aguayo, P. Aguayo
{"title":"Monográfico. Educación, reproducción y alternativas contra hegemónicas","authors":"Pablo Rivera-Vargas, Sebastián Neut Aguayo, P. Aguayo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70208350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100214
Raquel Miño-Puigcercós
There is a collective imaginary that attributes to the developed countries a level of generalized wellbeing and an equality of educational conditions that does not correspond to reality. Recent studies in education in the European context reveal that, although all individuals have access to school, their results are different in relation with their social class, ethnicity or gender. In this context, a study has been conducted with five high schools in Catalonia that have implemented changes oriented to equality and educational transformation. The results show discursive, structural and pedagogical elements that could contribute to generate more egalitarian school cultures. Nevertheless, these initiatives are not enough to mitigate social inequalities, since the structural transformation of the educational system requires deep changes in the political and ideological orientation of public policies. Española. Investigadora postdoctoral del Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Educativa de la Universidad de Barcelona. Doctora en Educación y Sociedad. Miembro del grupo de investigación consolidado Esbrina – Subjetividades, visualidades y entornos educativos contemporáneos (2017 SGR 1248). El artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigación postdoctoral ‘Desbordando las aulas de secundaria. Un análisis de los procesos de transformación educativa orientados a la expansión de los entornos de aprendizaje y a la inclusión social’, implementado en colaboración con el Instituto de Desarrollo Profesional (IDP-ICE) de la Universidad de Barcelona. rmino@ub.edu
有一种集体幻想，认为发达国家享有某种程度的普遍福利和教育条件的平等，但这与现实并不相符。最近在欧洲背景下的教育研究表明，尽管所有人都有机会上学，但他们的成绩因其社会阶层、种族或性别而异。在这方面，对加泰罗尼亚的五所高中进行了一项研究，这些高中已经实施了面向平等和教育改革的变革。研究结果显示，话语、结构和教学因素可能有助于产生更平等的学校文化。然而，这些举措不足以减轻社会不平等，因为教育制度的结构性转变需要公共政策的政治和意识形态取向发生深刻变化。诺拉。研究博士后Didáctica Organización巴塞罗那大学教育系。博士博士Educación社会。investigación整合Esbrina - subject - vidades, visualidades y entornos educativos contemporáneos (2017 SGR 1248)。El artículo介绍了los resultados del proproto de investigación博士后“Desbordando las aulas de secundaria”。unanálisis de los procos de transformación educativa orientados和la expansión de los entornos de aprendizajes和la inclusión social '， implementado en colaboración con el Instituto de Desarrollo professional (IDP-ICE) de la universsidad de Barcelona。rmino@ub.edu
{"title":"Iniciativas para la igualdad y la transformación de la educación secundaria obligatoria en Cataluña. Posibilidades y tensiones.","authors":"Raquel Miño-Puigcercós","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100214","url":null,"abstract":"There is a collective imaginary that attributes to the developed countries a level of generalized wellbeing and an equality of educational conditions that does not correspond to reality. Recent studies in education in the European context reveal that, although all individuals have access to school, their results are different in relation with their social class, ethnicity or gender. In this context, a study has been conducted with five high schools in Catalonia that have implemented changes oriented to equality and educational transformation. The results show discursive, structural and pedagogical elements that could contribute to generate more egalitarian school cultures. Nevertheless, these initiatives are not enough to mitigate social inequalities, since the structural transformation of the educational system requires deep changes in the political and ideological orientation of public policies. Española. Investigadora postdoctoral del Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Educativa de la Universidad de Barcelona. Doctora en Educación y Sociedad. Miembro del grupo de investigación consolidado Esbrina – Subjetividades, visualidades y entornos educativos contemporáneos (2017 SGR 1248). El artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigación postdoctoral ‘Desbordando las aulas de secundaria. Un análisis de los procesos de transformación educativa orientados a la expansión de los entornos de aprendizaje y a la inclusión social’, implementado en colaboración con el Instituto de Desarrollo Profesional (IDP-ICE) de la Universidad de Barcelona. rmino@ub.edu","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100235
Marco González-Pizarro
In this paper, we study the struggles of the chilean working class, as an autonomous organic in the form of social corporations. First, we review the corporate origin of pensions in the West, as the legal logic underlying the solidarity distribution in cajas de pensiones. Then we set a general line of tension of this logic with the liberal capitalist one. In this sense we enter the history of the chilean working class since Independence, in its resistance and struggle of its autonomous organic pensions, until its institutionalization in 1925 as social rights in constitutional headquarters. We revise next, the manu militari rupture of this institutionality in 1973, where we review the dissolution of the workers’ organizations, in accordance with the neoliberal privatist capitalist approach intervention, to end up confirming that this paradigm is resolved with the failure of private reform of pensions of 1980, which allows us to analyze the return of the organizational autonomy of the working class, based on the vanguard of the Movimiento de Trabajadores No Más AFP which we describe in their initial struggles and in the current scenario of generalized social struggles.
{"title":"Autonomía Social de Derechos de la Clase Trabajadora en Chile. Desde la Independencia al Movimiento No Más AFP.","authors":"Marco González-Pizarro","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100235","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the struggles of the chilean working class, as an autonomous organic in the form of social corporations. First, we review the corporate origin of pensions in the West, as the legal logic underlying the solidarity distribution in cajas de pensiones. Then we set a general line of tension of this logic with the liberal capitalist one. In this sense we enter the history of the chilean working class since Independence, in its resistance and struggle of its autonomous organic pensions, until its institutionalization in 1925 as social rights in constitutional headquarters. We revise next, the manu militari rupture of this institutionality in 1973, where we review the dissolution of the workers’ organizations, in accordance with the neoliberal privatist capitalist approach intervention, to end up confirming that this paradigm is resolved with the failure of private reform of pensions of 1980, which allows us to analyze the return of the organizational autonomy of the working class, based on the vanguard of the Movimiento de Trabajadores No Más AFP which we describe in their initial struggles and in the current scenario of generalized social struggles.","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100242
Francisco Vergara-Perucich
{"title":"Lecciones de la historia económica de Chile: hacia reducir la desigualdad estructural a partir de una aproximación estadística","authors":"Francisco Vergara-Perucich","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"6 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100240
Jorge Valdebenito-Allendes
{"title":"Apuntes sobre interdisciplina y capitalismo académico","authors":"Jorge Valdebenito-Allendes","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70210541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50492021000100201
Cristián Valdés-Norambuena
{"title":"La transformación social emancipadora y la \"lucha legal\" en la filosofía política de Marc Maesschalck","authors":"Cristián Valdés-Norambuena","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50492021000100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50492021000100201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44697,"journal":{"name":"Izquierdas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70208256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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