Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2127540
Timo Duile
ABSTRACT This article explores the changing ecologies in Indonesian literature by drawing on the examples of tigers in two influential novels, namely Mochtar Lubis’ Harimau! Harimau! (1975) and Eka Kurniawan’s Lelaki harimau (2004). Using the concept of ‘plural ecologies’ from anthropological research in Southeast Asia, an ecology is understood as a set of relations between humans and non-humans, and it is argued that Mochtar Lubis’ novel depicts a setting of conflicting ecologies in which an Islamic-humanist naturalism eventually emerges as the true ecology. The novel stands in the tradition of disenchantment in the wake of modernisation and nation building. But contrary to the assumption that society – and literature – develops towards disenchantment (penduniaan), the more recent novel, Lelaki harimau, provides an example of a plural ecology in which the possibility of other relations between humans and non-humans is maintained, as in the novel the tiger emerges as a spirit which dwells in the body of the protagonist. The plural ecologies make different readings of the novel possible and demonstrate that animism is still a relevant factor for the understanding of social reality.
{"title":"Plural Ecologies of Tigers in Indonesian Literature","authors":"Timo Duile","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2127540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2127540","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the changing ecologies in Indonesian literature by drawing on the examples of tigers in two influential novels, namely Mochtar Lubis’ Harimau! Harimau! (1975) and Eka Kurniawan’s Lelaki harimau (2004). Using the concept of ‘plural ecologies’ from anthropological research in Southeast Asia, an ecology is understood as a set of relations between humans and non-humans, and it is argued that Mochtar Lubis’ novel depicts a setting of conflicting ecologies in which an Islamic-humanist naturalism eventually emerges as the true ecology. The novel stands in the tradition of disenchantment in the wake of modernisation and nation building. But contrary to the assumption that society – and literature – develops towards disenchantment (penduniaan), the more recent novel, Lelaki harimau, provides an example of a plural ecology in which the possibility of other relations between humans and non-humans is maintained, as in the novel the tiger emerges as a spirit which dwells in the body of the protagonist. The plural ecologies make different readings of the novel possible and demonstrate that animism is still a relevant factor for the understanding of social reality.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46311340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2129187
Geneviève Duggan
ABSTRACT The article considers small sacred cloths produced in Eastern Indonesia, an area known in the textiles literature as ‘east of the Wallace line’ as handwoven cloths produced in the region share essential characteristics. They are woven on back tension looms and show similarities in the weaving technique, composition and decoration methods. The first part of the article describes and analyses three weaving ceremonies on the island of Savu where a cloth locally considered as the most ancient and the most sacred textile is woven under certain conditions, raising the question of the type of loom on which it might have been originally woven. The second part is on the origin of the back tension loom used today in eastern Indonesia. Using linguistics and referring to advanced genetic methods as well as recent findings in navigation skills of ancient Austronesian people, I suggest a re-examination of the origin of the loom east of the Wallace line.
{"title":"A Cloth that Promises Resurrection","authors":"Geneviève Duggan","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2129187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2129187","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article considers small sacred cloths produced in Eastern Indonesia, an area known in the textiles literature as ‘east of the Wallace line’ as handwoven cloths produced in the region share essential characteristics. They are woven on back tension looms and show similarities in the weaving technique, composition and decoration methods. The first part of the article describes and analyses three weaving ceremonies on the island of Savu where a cloth locally considered as the most ancient and the most sacred textile is woven under certain conditions, raising the question of the type of loom on which it might have been originally woven. The second part is on the origin of the back tension loom used today in eastern Indonesia. Using linguistics and referring to advanced genetic methods as well as recent findings in navigation skills of ancient Austronesian people, I suggest a re-examination of the origin of the loom east of the Wallace line.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48946030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2089479
Darmanto
ABSTRACT This article examines the role of food and food-related activities in a Mentawai society on Siberut island (West Sumatra, Indonesia). In particular, it deals with gardening, the main Mentawai activity for producing food, and its relation to the construction of Mentawai personhood. Gardening is a set of activities through which the Mentawai produce and reproduce themselves and others. It is the principal activity within a total process of constructing valued persons and sociality, rather than merely being the production of material substances. Mentawai foodways, therefore, offer vital clues to personhood and illustrate that food and food-related activities are transformative agents in the process of social production and sociality.
{"title":"Good to Produce","authors":"Darmanto","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2089479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2089479","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the role of food and food-related activities in a Mentawai society on Siberut island (West Sumatra, Indonesia). In particular, it deals with gardening, the main Mentawai activity for producing food, and its relation to the construction of Mentawai personhood. Gardening is a set of activities through which the Mentawai produce and reproduce themselves and others. It is the principal activity within a total process of constructing valued persons and sociality, rather than merely being the production of material substances. Mentawai foodways, therefore, offer vital clues to personhood and illustrate that food and food-related activities are transformative agents in the process of social production and sociality.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44819997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2049558
Christopher M. Joll
ABSTRACT This short article presents provisional findings that shed new light on both the cultural geography of Islam in Thailand, and northern extremities of the Malay world. An analysis of mosques officially registered in Thailand reveals that 10% are located in Central Thailand. Half of these are part of metropolitan Bangkok, and 74% of these are concentrated on its eastern districts along the Saen Saep Canal. I summarise the picture provided by Thai studies specialists who have documented the dates, origins, and circumstances of the (mainly involuntary) movement of Malays to Central Thailand, central Bangkok, and (later) to its eastern outskirts. This is followed by discussions of Siamese practices such as the taking of all slaves (chalei), and the organisation of labour under the sakdina system.
{"title":"Malay Exiles in Central Thailand","authors":"Christopher M. Joll","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2049558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2049558","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This short article presents provisional findings that shed new light on both the cultural geography of Islam in Thailand, and northern extremities of the Malay world. An analysis of mosques officially registered in Thailand reveals that 10% are located in Central Thailand. Half of these are part of metropolitan Bangkok, and 74% of these are concentrated on its eastern districts along the Saen Saep Canal. I summarise the picture provided by Thai studies specialists who have documented the dates, origins, and circumstances of the (mainly involuntary) movement of Malays to Central Thailand, central Bangkok, and (later) to its eastern outskirts. This is followed by discussions of Siamese practices such as the taking of all slaves (chalei), and the organisation of labour under the sakdina system.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45907616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2027696
M. Hadrawi, Nuraidar Agus, Hasanuddin
ABSTRACT Indigenous written sources and local tradition attribute the emergence of the Bugis kingdom of Suppa on the west coast of South Sulawesi (Indonesia) to events in the 15th century. A founding female figure emerged from the sea with her entourage and, together with a ‘descended’ male figure, established the various kingdoms in the Ajattappareng area. Details in the story and persistent memory suggest the presence of Malays from Melaka. Given the nature and purposes of Bugis historiography and ideology, together with generalised support from archaeology, it seems that this may represent a valid memory of actual events.
{"title":"Possible Traces of Early Malay Settlement in South Sulawesi","authors":"M. Hadrawi, Nuraidar Agus, Hasanuddin","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2027696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2027696","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Indigenous written sources and local tradition attribute the emergence of the Bugis kingdom of Suppa on the west coast of South Sulawesi (Indonesia) to events in the 15th century. A founding female figure emerged from the sea with her entourage and, together with a ‘descended’ male figure, established the various kingdoms in the Ajattappareng area. Details in the story and persistent memory suggest the presence of Malays from Melaka. Given the nature and purposes of Bugis historiography and ideology, together with generalised support from archaeology, it seems that this may represent a valid memory of actual events.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2042117
G. Facal
ABSTRACT In the course of their nation building, most Southeast Asian countries worked among other things on setting governmental policies on their respective highly developed martial arts practice groups. These groups relate to diverse structures: initiation communities, security agencies, militia organisations. The Southeast Asian governments strove to standardise the martial practice, to ‘sportivise’ them, and to integrate them into the school education curricula. The federations are the subject of massive programmes for physical and ideological formation, designed to incorporate a patriotic political ethos and the interiorisation of nationalist values. However, by fostering the construction of ‘strong bodies’, these state biopolitics also contribute to (re)generating regional groups concurrent to the central power. Through several examples in the Malay world and with a particular focus on Indonesia, this article describes that these groups constitute political networks that are relatively autonomous, and convey alternative models for the expression of the agonistic body.
{"title":"Biopolitics of Invulnerability","authors":"G. Facal","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2042117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2042117","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the course of their nation building, most Southeast Asian countries worked among other things on setting governmental policies on their respective highly developed martial arts practice groups. These groups relate to diverse structures: initiation communities, security agencies, militia organisations. The Southeast Asian governments strove to standardise the martial practice, to ‘sportivise’ them, and to integrate them into the school education curricula. The federations are the subject of massive programmes for physical and ideological formation, designed to incorporate a patriotic political ethos and the interiorisation of nationalist values. However, by fostering the construction of ‘strong bodies’, these state biopolitics also contribute to (re)generating regional groups concurrent to the central power. Through several examples in the Malay world and with a particular focus on Indonesia, this article describes that these groups constitute political networks that are relatively autonomous, and convey alternative models for the expression of the agonistic body.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47331473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2026619
Ervan Nurtawab, R. Adi Deswijaya
ABSTRACT This article examines the exegetical activity in the composition of Kuran Jawi, a Qurʾanic translation from the turn of the 20th-century. Its focus is on the examination of the three-volume manuscript that contains the Qurʾanic translation in Javanese script and language that is now held in the library collection of the Radyapustaka Museum in Surakarta, Central Java. This Javanese Qurʾanic translation, Kuran Jawi, was carried out by Bagus Ngarpah, a royal servant (abdi dalem) and Islamic scholar in the early 20th-century Javanese keraton of Surakarta. The authors examine aspects of the verse numbering system and Arabic references that Ngarpah used for the arrangement of his work. An examination of the applied verse counts reveals that Kuran Jawi is accommodative to multiple numbering systems, and also contains idiosyncrasies. This study also reveals a complexity in the use of Arabic references that include non-Arabic commentary works. In the broader context, the study of Ngarpah’s Kuran Jawi confirms the emergence of awareness among the Javanese priyayi of Islamic modernism through their attempts at having a direct approach to the study of the Qurʾan.
{"title":"Verse Numbering System and Arabic References in Bagus Ngarpah’s Early 20th-Century Javanese Qurʾan","authors":"Ervan Nurtawab, R. Adi Deswijaya","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2026619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2026619","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the exegetical activity in the composition of Kuran Jawi, a Qurʾanic translation from the turn of the 20th-century. Its focus is on the examination of the three-volume manuscript that contains the Qurʾanic translation in Javanese script and language that is now held in the library collection of the Radyapustaka Museum in Surakarta, Central Java. This Javanese Qurʾanic translation, Kuran Jawi, was carried out by Bagus Ngarpah, a royal servant (abdi dalem) and Islamic scholar in the early 20th-century Javanese keraton of Surakarta. The authors examine aspects of the verse numbering system and Arabic references that Ngarpah used for the arrangement of his work. An examination of the applied verse counts reveals that Kuran Jawi is accommodative to multiple numbering systems, and also contains idiosyncrasies. This study also reveals a complexity in the use of Arabic references that include non-Arabic commentary works. In the broader context, the study of Ngarpah’s Kuran Jawi confirms the emergence of awareness among the Javanese priyayi of Islamic modernism through their attempts at having a direct approach to the study of the Qurʾan.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44909852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2044659
Tomasz Ewertowski
ABSTRACT This article attempts to analyse some images of Java in Polish travel writings from the second half of the 19th century in a comparative framework, and linking the various aspects of representations of the island with the respective travellers’ background, social and intellectual trends of the epoch, and literary conventions. This approach is based on concepts of imagology, habitus and comparative reading. The travelogues by three Polish authors are analysed here: aristocrat, lawyer and politician Adam Sierakowski (1846–1912), soldier Henryk Sienkiewicz (1852–1936, a relative of a famous writer by the same name), and an apostolic delegate for the East Indies Władysław Michał Zaleski (1852–1925). Polish travel accounts are juxtaposed with texts written by English, American, Russian, and Javanese travellers: Charles Kinloch (1810–1893), Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore (1856–1928), V. Tatarinov (c.1860), Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay (1846–1888), and Radèn Mas Arya Candranegara V alias Purwalelana (1837–1885). The examples show that although some descriptive aspects of Java may be linked to national identity, far more fruitful would be a detailed examination of texts and contexts through a comparative analysis.
{"title":"Javanese Mosaic","authors":"Tomasz Ewertowski","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2044659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2044659","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article attempts to analyse some images of Java in Polish travel writings from the second half of the 19th century in a comparative framework, and linking the various aspects of representations of the island with the respective travellers’ background, social and intellectual trends of the epoch, and literary conventions. This approach is based on concepts of imagology, habitus and comparative reading. The travelogues by three Polish authors are analysed here: aristocrat, lawyer and politician Adam Sierakowski (1846–1912), soldier Henryk Sienkiewicz (1852–1936, a relative of a famous writer by the same name), and an apostolic delegate for the East Indies Władysław Michał Zaleski (1852–1925). Polish travel accounts are juxtaposed with texts written by English, American, Russian, and Javanese travellers: Charles Kinloch (1810–1893), Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore (1856–1928), V. Tatarinov (c.1860), Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay (1846–1888), and Radèn Mas Arya Candranegara V alias Purwalelana (1837–1885). The examples show that although some descriptive aspects of Java may be linked to national identity, far more fruitful would be a detailed examination of texts and contexts through a comparative analysis.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42247076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-07DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2026620
David Hill
ABSTRACT This article examines the first two Indonesians to live in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) after the Korean War (1950–53), using their experiences (including as political exiles after 1965) to explore Indonesia’s bilateral relations with this most secretive of states. Their lives reveal much of the untold story of Indonesia’s unfolding relationship with the Kims’ dynastic state from Sukarno’s initial attraction until the return to democracy after his successor’s fall. Despite recent interest in the fate of Indonesian political exiles in Western Europe, USSR and China after 1965, relatively little critical analysis has appeared regarding those exiles in republics across the former Eastern Bloc (such as Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia), or elsewhere in Asia. Similarly, there is little attention given in Indonesia’s scholarly literature to bilateral relations with North Korea. This article attempts to address these lacunae by focusing on Indonesian political exiles in North Korea, analysing the factors which determined the options available to them during, and following, the Cold War, and their place in the bilateral relationship. In the nature of biographical studies, the article relies heavily on material provided by the individuals concerned and privileges their perspectives.
{"title":"The Fragile Bloom of the Kimilsungia","authors":"David Hill","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2026620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2026620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the first two Indonesians to live in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) after the Korean War (1950–53), using their experiences (including as political exiles after 1965) to explore Indonesia’s bilateral relations with this most secretive of states. Their lives reveal much of the untold story of Indonesia’s unfolding relationship with the Kims’ dynastic state from Sukarno’s initial attraction until the return to democracy after his successor’s fall. Despite recent interest in the fate of Indonesian political exiles in Western Europe, USSR and China after 1965, relatively little critical analysis has appeared regarding those exiles in republics across the former Eastern Bloc (such as Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia), or elsewhere in Asia. Similarly, there is little attention given in Indonesia’s scholarly literature to bilateral relations with North Korea. This article attempts to address these lacunae by focusing on Indonesian political exiles in North Korea, analysing the factors which determined the options available to them during, and following, the Cold War, and their place in the bilateral relationship. In the nature of biographical studies, the article relies heavily on material provided by the individuals concerned and privileges their perspectives.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44701610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2022.2018830
Elena Gregoria Chai Chin Fern, M. Janowski
ABSTRACT Datuk Kong (拿督公) are shen (神) – a Chinese term that can be glossed in English as ‘deity’ or ‘spirit’ depending on context. They have long been known to be venerated by Chinese in West Malaysia but have not been investigated until now in Sarawak, where they are of increasing importance, or in Kalimantan, where they appear to have been worshipped for much longer. In both West Malaysia and in Borneo Datuk Kong are closely associated with (a) the ethnic groups that were already living in the area before the Chinese arrived and (b) with the local landscape. In this article we explore the ways in which Datuk Kong beliefs have developed in Borneo and how, through the ‘respect’ (拜) paid to these shen, the Chinese have integrated the beliefs that they brought originally from China into a belief system that remains distinctively Chinese but overlaps with the beliefs of ethnic groups with which they co-exist; and embedded this belief system in the local landscape and the spirits inhabiting that landscape.
{"title":"Becoming Local","authors":"Elena Gregoria Chai Chin Fern, M. Janowski","doi":"10.1080/13639811.2022.2018830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2018830","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Datuk Kong (拿督公) are shen (神) – a Chinese term that can be glossed in English as ‘deity’ or ‘spirit’ depending on context. They have long been known to be venerated by Chinese in West Malaysia but have not been investigated until now in Sarawak, where they are of increasing importance, or in Kalimantan, where they appear to have been worshipped for much longer. In both West Malaysia and in Borneo Datuk Kong are closely associated with (a) the ethnic groups that were already living in the area before the Chinese arrived and (b) with the local landscape. In this article we explore the ways in which Datuk Kong beliefs have developed in Borneo and how, through the ‘respect’ (拜) paid to these shen, the Chinese have integrated the beliefs that they brought originally from China into a belief system that remains distinctively Chinese but overlaps with the beliefs of ethnic groups with which they co-exist; and embedded this belief system in the local landscape and the spirits inhabiting that landscape.","PeriodicalId":44721,"journal":{"name":"Indonesia and the Malay World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44931199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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