Acta Astronautica最新文献

英文中文

Review of Plasma Thruster Technology Development for Air-Breathing Electric Propulsion Missions 吸气式电力推进任务等离子体推力器技术发展综述

IF 3.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.043

Ming Zeng, Hui Liu, Xuhong Jin, Daren Yu, Zhaowei Sun

引用次数: 0

Review of space robotics technology for on-orbit construction of ultra-large optical systems 超大光学系统在轨建设空间机器人技术综述

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.048

Yaqiang Wei , Xiaoxiang Liu , Bowen Zhan , Hao Wen , Ti Chen

To conduct deep-space exploration and high-precision Earth observation, there is an urgent need for on-orbit construction of ultra-large optical systems. Space robotics technology, with its advantages of high operational reliability and strong task extensibility, has emerged as a hot topic for such missions. In the paper, the progress and development trends in space robots for on-orbit construction are presented in a detailed review, organized around four topics: system design, on-orbit perception, motion planning, and compliant control. Ultra-large optical systems are characterized by the large scale and significant flexibility, which places higher challenges on space robotics technology: Precise switching among multiple mobility modes and multi-arm reconfiguration, distributed multimodal high-accuracy perception under harsh conditions, motion planning in confined workspaces and high-fidelity sequence verification, and compliant multi-point assembly under complex geometric interference and low-frequency vibration. Furthermore, engineering challenges and the future outlook of space robotics technology for on-orbit construction of ultra-large optical systems are summarized. This review aims to accelerate theoretical research, ground testing, and on-orbit demonstration for the construction of ultra-large optical systems.

为了进行深空探测和高精度对地观测，迫切需要在轨建设超大光学系统。空间机器人技术以其运行可靠性高、任务可扩展性强等优点，成为此类任务的研究热点。本文围绕系统设计、在轨感知、运动规划和柔性控制四个主题，详细介绍了在轨空间机器人的研究进展和发展趋势。超大光学系统具有规模大、灵活性强的特点，这对空间机器人技术提出了更高的挑战：多种移动模式之间的精确切换和多臂重构、苛刻条件下的分布式多模态高精度感知、受限工作空间中的运动规划和高保真序列验证、复杂几何干涉和低频振动下的柔性多点装配。总结了空间机器人技术在超大光学系统在轨建设中的工程挑战和未来展望。本文旨在加快超大型光学系统建设的理论研究、地面试验和在轨论证。

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引用次数: 0

Nonlinear continuous-thrust state propagation and its application in optimal orbital transfers around collinear libration points 非线性连续推力状态传播及其在共线振动点最优轨道转移中的应用

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.047

Xin Lin , Gang Zhang , Rafael Vazquez

This paper presents a semi-analytical method for propagating orbital states under continuous thrust in nonlinear motion relative to collinear libration points within the circular restricted three-body problem. The proposed approach jointly approximates higher-order nonlinear dynamics and thrust acceleration using a truncated Fourier series with respect to time, thereby transforming the governing equation into a linear-like form. This transformation enables analytical state propagation through the series expansion coefficients, reducing the problem to the determination of these coefficients via a nonlinear least-squares method. Building upon this framework, a fuel-optimal transfer method for libration point orbits is developed and reformulated as a sequential second-order cone programming problem, with the energy-optimal solution employed as the initial guess. Numerical examples in the Sun–Earth system are provided to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed state propagation method and to validate the effectiveness of the optimal transfer approach for Halo orbits.

本文提出了在连续推力作用下轨道态相对于圆形受限三体问题共线振动点非线性运动的半解析方法。该方法利用关于时间的截断傅立叶级数联合逼近高阶非线性动力学和推力加速度，从而将控制方程转化为线性形式。这种转换使解析状态通过级数展开系数传播，将问题减少到通过非线性最小二乘法确定这些系数。在此基础上，提出了一种振动点轨道燃料最优转移方法，并将其重新表述为一个顺序二阶锥规划问题，以能量最优解作为初始猜想。通过日地系统的算例验证了所提状态传播方法的准确性，并验证了Halo轨道最优传递方法的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Global outreach and cultural impact of A Sign in Space, an interdisciplinary simulation of a first contact scenario 空间符号的全球推广和文化影响，第一次接触场景的跨学科模拟

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.034

Daniela de Paulis , Claudia Mignone , Bettina Forget , Irene Fabbri , Gianfranco De Vito , Franck Marchis

On May 24, 2023, the European Space Agency's Trace Gas Orbiter transmitted a simulated extraterrestrial message to Earth, received by telescopes in the United States and Italy. This event was part of the interdisciplinary project A Sign in Space, developed over four years in collaboration with multiple research institutions. The project simulates a scenario where scientists release a potential extraterrestrial signal to the public for decoding and interpretation. Following the data release, an international community on the Discord platform engaged in extensive decoding efforts, generating thousands of interpretations and widespread social media discussion. A Sign in Space reached over a hundred million people globally through media coverage and online channels, demonstrating significant public interest and engagement. The project highlights the importance of public engagement in scientific research and the potential for interdisciplinary collaborations to create meaningful dialogues around complex topics like the search for extraterrestrial life. By fostering a sense of global community and shared exploration, A Sign in Space offers a model for future interdisciplinary projects that seek to inspire and engage diverse audiences. This paper discusses some of the challenges encountered in the global outreach of the project, presenting lessons learnt that could be useful for participatory science around the theme of extraterrestrial communication.

2023年5月24日，欧洲航天局的微量气体轨道飞行器向地球发送了一条模拟的地外信息，美国和意大利的望远镜接收到了这条信息。该活动是与多个研究机构合作开发的跨学科项目A Sign in Space的一部分。该项目模拟了一个场景，科学家向公众发布一个潜在的外星信号，让他们解码和解释。数据发布后，Discord平台上的一个国际社区进行了广泛的解码工作，产生了数千种解释和广泛的社交媒体讨论。通过媒体报道和网络渠道，“空间标识”活动在全球范围内吸引了超过1亿人，显示出极大的公众兴趣和参与度。该项目强调了公众参与科学研究的重要性，以及跨学科合作的潜力，以围绕寻找外星生命等复杂话题开展有意义的对话。通过培养全球社区意识和共同探索，a Sign in Space为未来的跨学科项目提供了一个模式，旨在激励和吸引不同的受众。本文讨论了该项目在全球推广中遇到的一些挑战，提出了可能对围绕地外通信主题的参与性科学有用的经验教训。

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引用次数: 0

Natural Landing Pads on the Moon and Mars 月球和火星上的天然着陆垫

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.045

J.D. Menges , K.M. Cannon

Future lunar and martian missions require repeated landings of heavy spacecraft to support infrastructure development. This study introduces “Natural Landing Pads” (NLPs), naturally occurring surfaces with topographic and thermophysical properties capable of mitigating plume-surface interaction hazards. We developed a quantitative framework integrating global and local remote sensing datasets into a suitability index. Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis was applied to vary the weighting of slope, roughness, rock abundance, and surface competency, producing consensus maps of robust landing zones. Lunar analyses demonstrate that mare terrains, such as Sosigenes Rille and Isis Dome, offer significantly higher suitability and larger, contiguous safe areas than highland regions like North Massif. On Mars, canyon benches in Coprates Chasma and Kasei Valles exhibit high suitability thresholds, whereas clay-rich terrains at Mawrth Vallis provide only sparse, fragmented options. This framework enables mission planners to locate and prioritize specific coordinates for safe, pinpoint landings during the transitional phase before artificial infrastructure is established.

未来的月球和火星任务需要重型航天器反复着陆，以支持基础设施的发展。本研究介绍了“自然着陆垫”（nlp），这是一种具有地形和热物理性质的天然表面，能够减轻羽流表面相互作用的危害。我们开发了一个定量框架，将全球和本地遥感数据集整合到适宜性指数中。应用蒙特卡罗灵敏度分析来改变坡度、粗糙度、岩石丰度和表面能力的权重，从而产生稳健着陆区的共识图。月球分析表明，与北地块等高地地区相比，Sosigenes Rille和Isis Dome等高地地区具有更高的适宜性和更大的连续安全区域。在火星上，Coprates峡谷和Kasei山谷的峡谷洼地显示出很高的适宜性阈值，而Mawrth山谷富含粘土的地形只提供了稀疏、碎片化的选择。该框架使任务规划者能够在人工基础设施建立之前的过渡阶段确定安全、精确着陆的具体坐标并确定优先顺序。

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引用次数: 0

Academy transaction note: Mitigating satellite trails through retroreflective coatings: A proposal for preserving the night sky 学院交易记录：通过反射涂层减轻卫星轨迹：保护夜空的建议

IF 3.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.042

Tobias Degen, John C. Barentine, Gyula I.G. Józsa, Thomas Walter, Jacqueline Degen

引用次数: 0

Star Image Motion Deblurring via Angular Velocity Assisted U-Net with Feature Fusion and CBAM 基于角速度辅助U-Net特征融合和CBAM的星象运动去模糊

IF 3.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.041

Chenran Li, Xu Yan, Hang Yang, Dingjie Wang, Hongbo Zhang, Weimin Bao

引用次数: 0

Functional prioritization strategies and tradespace considerations for a self-reliant deep space habitat 自主深空栖息地的功能优先级策略和贸易空间考虑

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.035

Annika E. Rollock, David M. Klaus

As human spaceflight missions extend further from Earth, reliance on ground becomes increasingly impractical due to communication delays with potential for occultations and the long transit time required for resupply. For these missions, incorporating autonomous capabilities into the habitat may offer enabling solutions to the challenges of deep space. Although it may be tempting to leverage autonomous systems wherever possible, the added complexity can also lead to new failure modes and/or schedule and budget overruns. Therefore, prioritizing those functions that are a) most critical to mission success and b) currently dependent on ground teams, can help to determine where emergent technologies offer the greatest potential return on investment toward self-reliant operations. This work presents a flexible, needs-based framework for prioritizing habitat functions according to their current Earth-reliance and criticality in order to assess where novel solutions may be most beneficial to enabling autonomous operations within the constraints of deep space. Proposed figures of merit for prioritizing spacecraft functions are defined, and can be used to directly compare technology solutions. Finally, a high-level demonstration is performed through a case study of the repair of the External Active Thermal Control System (EATCS) onboard the ISS in 2017. The evaluation framework and case study example presented here are intended to serve as a customizable template that can be adapted to mission-specific needs and constraints.

随着人类太空飞行任务从地球向更远的地方延伸，由于通信延迟和潜在的掩星以及补给所需的长时间运输，依赖地面变得越来越不切实际。对于这些任务，将自主能力纳入栖息地可能为应对深空挑战提供有利的解决方案。尽管尽可能地利用自治系统可能很诱人，但增加的复杂性也可能导致新的故障模式和/或进度和预算超支。因此，优先考虑那些a)对任务成功最关键的功能和b)目前依赖地面团队的功能，可以帮助确定新兴技术在哪些方面为自力更生的行动提供最大的潜在投资回报。这项工作提出了一个灵活的、基于需求的框架，根据其当前对地球的依赖和临界性对栖息地功能进行优先排序，以评估在深空限制下，哪些新解决方案可能最有利于实现自主操作。定义了航天器功能优先排序的优劣指标，并可用于直接比较技术方案。最后，通过2017年国际空间站外部主动热控制系统（EATCS）维修的案例研究进行了高水平的演示。这里提出的评价框架和案例研究示例旨在作为可定制的模板，以适应特派团的具体需要和限制。

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引用次数: 0

Segmentation of the spacecraft transfer problem based on overdetermined and continuity constraints using the theory of functional connections 基于超定约束和连续性约束的航天器转移问题的功能连接分割

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.028

A.K. de Almeida Jr.

This paper introduces a segmented approach for solving constrained orbit transfer problems. The segments are connected through continuity constraints under the Theory of Functional Connections (TFC) mathematical framework that performs linear functional interpolation. This approach is further enhanced by a general vector formulation, from where the constrained functional is derived considering also a set of linear overdetermined constraints. Since we constrain vector instead of coordinates, this methodology allows to apply TFC to multiple and complex constraints composed by any types of nonlinear components included. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method on Earth-to-Moon transfers, showing that this segmented approach achieves solutions with several orders of magnitude greater accuracy and efficiency in comparison with unsegmented orbit transfers.

介绍了一种求解约束轨道转移问题的分段方法。在执行线性函数插值的功能连接理论（TFC）数学框架下，通过连续性约束将片段连接起来。该方法通过一般向量公式进一步增强，从其中推导出考虑一组线性过定约束的约束泛函。由于我们约束向量而不是坐标，因此该方法允许将TFC应用于由任何类型的非线性组件组成的多个复杂约束。我们证明了该方法在地球到月球转移上的有效性，表明与未分割的轨道转移相比，这种分段方法获得的解决方案具有更高的精度和效率。

引用次数: 0

A polynomial-based Monte Carlo approach for estimating long-term collision probabilities 估计长期碰撞概率的一种基于多项式的蒙特卡罗方法。

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Acta Astronautica

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2026.01.039

Andrea Zollo , Cristina Parigini , Roberto Armellin , Juan Félix San Juan Díaz , Annarita Trombetta , Ralph Kahle

This paper introduces a versatile approach for computing the risk of collision specifically tailored for scenarios featuring low relative encounter velocities, but with potential applicability across a wide range of situations. The technique employs Differential Algebra (DA) to express the non-linear dynamical flow of the initial distribution in the primary-secondary objects relative motion through high-order Taylor polynomials. The entire initial uncertainty set is subdivided into subsets through Automatic Domain Splitting (ADS) techniques to control the accuracy of the Taylor expansions. The methodology samples the initial conditions of the relative state and evaluates the polynomial expansions for each sample while retaining their temporal dependency. The classical numerical integration of the initial statistics over the set of conditions for which a collision occurs is thus reduced to an evaluation of mono-dimensional time polynomials. Specifically, samples reaching a relative distance below a critical value are identified along with the time at which this occurs. The approach is tested against a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation for various literature test cases, yielding accurate results and a consistent gain in computational time. Specifically, the time reduction can reach up to 99.9 %, depending on the dynamics and the number of samples employed in the analysis, while the estimated final Probability of Collision (Pc), for long-term scenarios, deviates from the reference by no more than 0.018 %.

本文介绍了一种用于计算碰撞风险的通用方法，该方法专门针对具有低相对碰撞速度的场景量身定制，但具有广泛的潜在适用性。该技术利用微分代数（DA）通过高阶泰勒多项式来表达主次物体相对运动初始分布的非线性动态流动。通过自动域分裂（ADS）技术将整个初始不确定性集细分为子集，以控制泰勒展开的精度。该方法对相对状态的初始条件进行采样，并对每个样本的多项式展开进行评估，同时保留它们的时间依赖性。碰撞发生的一组条件上初始统计量的经典数值积分因此被简化为一维时间多项式的计算。具体地说，达到低于临界值的相对距离的样品将与发生这种情况的时间一起被识别。该方法针对各种文献测试用例的蒙特卡罗（MC）模拟进行了测试，得到了准确的结果和一致的计算时间增益。具体来说，根据动态和分析中使用的样本数量，时间减少可以达到99.9%，而对于长期场景，估计的最终碰撞概率（Pc）与参考值的偏差不超过0.018%。

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