Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2076653
Moodjalin Sudcharoen
ABSTRACT This paper focuses on clothing policy in schools as a means to understand the Thai state’s management of diversity as well as the ways in which young migrants navigate their belongingness within the state discourse of nationalism. Because of its diverse migrant student population, a Thai state school proclaims itself a multicultural institution and instructs its students to wear ‘national clothes’ (chut pracam chat) every Tuesday. This policy enables migrant children to enter a cultural sphere where Burmese migrants are excluded, but, ironically, the very same clothes simultaneously stamp them as raeng-ngan tangdao, literally translated as ‘alien workers’. Young migrants devise strategies to downplay their alterity in public spaces and question the idea of belongingness and authenticity. Their dress practices reveal theatrical and fleeting performances of identity. But they neither fully assimilate to national standards nor assert completely distinct identities.
摘要本文关注学校的服装政策，以此来理解泰国政府对多样性的管理，以及年轻移民在国家民族主义话语中如何驾驭自己的归属感。由于移民学生群体的多样性，泰国一所公立学校宣称自己是一所多元文化的学校，并指示学生每周二穿“民族服装”（chut pracam chat）。这项政策使移民儿童能够进入一个缅甸移民被排斥在外的文化领域，但具有讽刺意味的是，同样的衣服同时给他们打上了raeng ngan tangdao的印记，字面意思是“外来工人”。年轻移民制定策略，淡化他们在公共场所的争吵，质疑归属感和真实性。他们的着装实践揭示了戏剧化和转瞬即逝的身份表演。但他们既没有完全融入国家标准，也没有主张完全不同的身份。
{"title":"Migrant youth identities as performances: dress codes and styling in Thai multi-ethnic education","authors":"Moodjalin Sudcharoen","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2076653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2076653","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper focuses on clothing policy in schools as a means to understand the Thai state’s management of diversity as well as the ways in which young migrants navigate their belongingness within the state discourse of nationalism. Because of its diverse migrant student population, a Thai state school proclaims itself a multicultural institution and instructs its students to wear ‘national clothes’ (chut pracam chat) every Tuesday. This policy enables migrant children to enter a cultural sphere where Burmese migrants are excluded, but, ironically, the very same clothes simultaneously stamp them as raeng-ngan tangdao, literally translated as ‘alien workers’. Young migrants devise strategies to downplay their alterity in public spaces and question the idea of belongingness and authenticity. Their dress practices reveal theatrical and fleeting performances of identity. But they neither fully assimilate to national standards nor assert completely distinct identities.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"588 - 609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44313586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2075714
Jamal Shah, Bakhtiar Khan
ABSTRACT Modern societies are confronted with a plethora of issues that have far-reaching socio-political ramifications. The negative effects of diversity are primarily the result of state policies. Where societies were not homogenous, attempts were made to bring desperate populations together to advance official nationalist projects. Pakistan, being dominantly a Muslim state, has religio-cultural and ethnic diversity where minority groups have raised their voices against the unjust state’s policies. This study examines how these issues evolved over the course of Pakistan’s history. The paper attempts to answer the question ‘why has Pakistan’s plurality become unmanageable?’ The results demonstrate that a high degree of centralization of authority, the adoption of Urdu as a national language, a sense of domination of the central institutions by the Punjabis, underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in state institutions, and controlled society has aggravated the position of diverse groups in Pakistan, with colossal consequences to national economy and social harmony.
{"title":"Managing diversity: an assessment of the national question in Pakistan","authors":"Jamal Shah, Bakhtiar Khan","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2075714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2075714","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Modern societies are confronted with a plethora of issues that have far-reaching socio-political ramifications. The negative effects of diversity are primarily the result of state policies. Where societies were not homogenous, attempts were made to bring desperate populations together to advance official nationalist projects. Pakistan, being dominantly a Muslim state, has religio-cultural and ethnic diversity where minority groups have raised their voices against the unjust state’s policies. This study examines how these issues evolved over the course of Pakistan’s history. The paper attempts to answer the question ‘why has Pakistan’s plurality become unmanageable?’ The results demonstrate that a high degree of centralization of authority, the adoption of Urdu as a national language, a sense of domination of the central institutions by the Punjabis, underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in state institutions, and controlled society has aggravated the position of diverse groups in Pakistan, with colossal consequences to national economy and social harmony.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"243 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47365426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2070125
Jessica Nakamura
ABSTRACT This film review explores Drive My Car's use of Uncle Vanya, understanding it in the contexts of modern and contemporary Japanese theater history and analyzing the role of the play in the film's portrayal of human connection.
{"title":"Illuminating the universal: the multilingual Uncle Vanya in Drive My Car","authors":"Jessica Nakamura","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2070125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2070125","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This film review explores Drive My Car's use of Uncle Vanya, understanding it in the contexts of modern and contemporary Japanese theater history and analyzing the role of the play in the film's portrayal of human connection.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"23 1","pages":"848 - 850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42828811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2069082
Charlotte Setijadi
ABSTRACT The Riau Islands Chinese are an anomaly in the study of Chinese Indonesians. For one, while many of their ethnic Chinese counterparts in other parts of Indonesia can no longer speak Chinese due to the New Order regime’s assimilation policy, Chinese languages are alive and well in the Riau Islands. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2017–2018, this paper seeks to understand the Riau Islands Chinese’s cultural resilience and sense of belonging as a borderland ethnic minority. I argue that long-standing inter-Island and cross-border mobilities and cultural flows with Singapore have been central to the maintenance of Riau Islands Chinese identity. Utilising translocality as a theoretical framework to understand the processes of identity formation and place-making that transcend national borders, I contend that the case study of the Riau Islands Chinese challenges the conventional state-centric modes of analyses prevalent in the study of ethnic Chinese communities in Southeast Asia.
{"title":"‘We are people of the Islands’: translocal belonging among the ethnic Chinese of the Riau Islands","authors":"Charlotte Setijadi","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2069082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2069082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Riau Islands Chinese are an anomaly in the study of Chinese Indonesians. For one, while many of their ethnic Chinese counterparts in other parts of Indonesia can no longer speak Chinese due to the New Order regime’s assimilation policy, Chinese languages are alive and well in the Riau Islands. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2017–2018, this paper seeks to understand the Riau Islands Chinese’s cultural resilience and sense of belonging as a borderland ethnic minority. I argue that long-standing inter-Island and cross-border mobilities and cultural flows with Singapore have been central to the maintenance of Riau Islands Chinese identity. Utilising translocality as a theoretical framework to understand the processes of identity formation and place-making that transcend national borders, I contend that the case study of the Riau Islands Chinese challenges the conventional state-centric modes of analyses prevalent in the study of ethnic Chinese communities in Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"108 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-25DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2069083
A. Vickers
ABSTRACT During the New Order period (1966–1998), Chinese Indonesians or Tionghoa were systematically excluded from Indonesian accounts of history. After the fall of the regime, there was a resurgence of writing by and about Chinese Indonesians. One element of this resurgence was the translation into Indonesian of books by Western writers on the topic, but more important has been the emergence of new publications in Indonesian in which Sino-Indonesians are given a central position in major events or phenomena, such as the introduction of Islam to the Indonesian archipelago. The New Order’s exclusion of Sino-Indonesians has been transformed into an inclusive narrative. Significantly, Indonesians who are not of Chinese background have played an important role in bringing about this historical resurgence. These changes represent a major shift in the way the Indonesian nation is being defined.
{"title":"Erasing and re-inscribing Chinese into Indonesian history","authors":"A. Vickers","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2069083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2069083","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the New Order period (1966–1998), Chinese Indonesians or Tionghoa were systematically excluded from Indonesian accounts of history. After the fall of the regime, there was a resurgence of writing by and about Chinese Indonesians. One element of this resurgence was the translation into Indonesian of books by Western writers on the topic, but more important has been the emergence of new publications in Indonesian in which Sino-Indonesians are given a central position in major events or phenomena, such as the introduction of Islam to the Indonesian archipelago. The New Order’s exclusion of Sino-Indonesians has been transformed into an inclusive narrative. Significantly, Indonesians who are not of Chinese background have played an important role in bringing about this historical resurgence. These changes represent a major shift in the way the Indonesian nation is being defined.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"78 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44891877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2051111
L. Piang
ABSTRACT Monuments with inscriptions have always been an important source of history and are helpful for reconstructing the past. They recreate collective memories, as they were erected to commemorate significant events from the past. The historical process of state formation, especially among the former colonies, has bound different ethnic communities, which obliges them to initiate state nation-building processes. So, memories which are recreated, remembered, and forgotten have played a crucial role in shaping ethnic relations as well as relations between the state and various ethnic communities in a multi-ethnic state. This paper analyses the allegation about the Manipur’s Chibu stone inscription as a fabricated historical event, and the complaint asking that its status as a protected archaeological site be denied. It argues that in the name of the state nation-building project, the state has resorted to recreating collective memories with little consideration to the sentiment of ethnic minorities in a state.
{"title":"History Binds Us, Can Break Us Too: Contention over Manipur’s Chivu Stone Inscription","authors":"L. Piang","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2051111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2051111","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Monuments with inscriptions have always been an important source of history and are helpful for reconstructing the past. They recreate collective memories, as they were erected to commemorate significant events from the past. The historical process of state formation, especially among the former colonies, has bound different ethnic communities, which obliges them to initiate state nation-building processes. So, memories which are recreated, remembered, and forgotten have played a crucial role in shaping ethnic relations as well as relations between the state and various ethnic communities in a multi-ethnic state. This paper analyses the allegation about the Manipur’s Chibu stone inscription as a fabricated historical event, and the complaint asking that its status as a protected archaeological site be denied. It argues that in the name of the state nation-building project, the state has resorted to recreating collective memories with little consideration to the sentiment of ethnic minorities in a state.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"23 1","pages":"641 - 657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49081505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2054043
Atri Baruah
{"title":"Water conflicts and resistance: issues and challenges in South Asia","authors":"Atri Baruah","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2054043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2054043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"23 1","pages":"835 - 836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41705485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2022.2039059
Z. Shah, Ikram Badshah, Usman Khan, Jianfu Ma
ABSTRACT This article seeks to explore the colonial encounters with Pashtuns of the erstwhile North West Frontier Province (now renamed as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan and their mythical Orientalist constructions in the colonial historical and ethnographic accounts of the late 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. The recurring colonial images and the transformation of colonial discourses and post-colonial effects on Pashtun identity and society are analyzed in this research article. Noticeably, it looks into the paradigm shift from the anthropocentric views of Pashtuns to Orientalized and Europocentric ideas by applying Edward Said’s influential thesis of ‘Orientalism’ and integrating the work of other post-colonial thinkers. This research article draws upon archival, anthropological, ethnographic field data to supplement the textual analysis and challenge the Orientalist and colonial representation of Pashtuns. The ethnographic field data were gathered through in-depth interviews with various Pashtun intellectuals, poets, writers, and authors from various institutions in Peshawar and Charsadda. However, this research article demonstrates that there are colonial biases and Eurocentric constructions of Pashtuns in the colonial accounts and texts. The colonial biassed representations of Pashtuns are transformed into postcolonial discourses. Pashtuns and Pashtun society are still uncritically analyzed through colonial lenses and spectacles.
{"title":"Orientalist constructions of the frontier pashtuns: on the postcolonial history and repercussions","authors":"Z. Shah, Ikram Badshah, Usman Khan, Jianfu Ma","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2022.2039059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2022.2039059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article seeks to explore the colonial encounters with Pashtuns of the erstwhile North West Frontier Province (now renamed as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan and their mythical Orientalist constructions in the colonial historical and ethnographic accounts of the late 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. The recurring colonial images and the transformation of colonial discourses and post-colonial effects on Pashtun identity and society are analyzed in this research article. Noticeably, it looks into the paradigm shift from the anthropocentric views of Pashtuns to Orientalized and Europocentric ideas by applying Edward Said’s influential thesis of ‘Orientalism’ and integrating the work of other post-colonial thinkers. This research article draws upon archival, anthropological, ethnographic field data to supplement the textual analysis and challenge the Orientalist and colonial representation of Pashtuns. The ethnographic field data were gathered through in-depth interviews with various Pashtun intellectuals, poets, writers, and authors from various institutions in Peshawar and Charsadda. However, this research article demonstrates that there are colonial biases and Eurocentric constructions of Pashtuns in the colonial accounts and texts. The colonial biassed representations of Pashtuns are transformed into postcolonial discourses. Pashtuns and Pashtun society are still uncritically analyzed through colonial lenses and spectacles.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"23 1","pages":"784 - 802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45705930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2021.2021795
Fangrong Liao, Preechawut Apirating, P. Kotchapakdee, Homhuan Buarabha
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the Flat Land Yao (Pingdi Yao,平地瑶) people’s ancestor worship reflected in the Meishan scroll paintings which were discovered in Shuibin village, Guanyin township, Gongcheng Yao Autonomous District, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China in 1984. The Yao people believed that Meishan was not only their ancestral habitation located in ancient central Hunan, but also the pure land for the ancestors’ souls. For the long migration duration and the unfavourable preservation environment, the existing number of Meishan scroll paintings of Flat Land Yao is small, and the two sets of scrolls in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous District are rare art works in the series. The dress style, decoration, generation names of the ancestors, and the skills of the painters reflected that the Flat Land Yao people had absorbed the culture of the surrounding nationalities, especially the Han culture. Confucianism also had an important influence on the Flat Land Yao.
{"title":"Meishan scroll paintings and ancestor worship of the Flat Land Yao people in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous District, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China","authors":"Fangrong Liao, Preechawut Apirating, P. Kotchapakdee, Homhuan Buarabha","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2021.2021795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2021.2021795","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on the Flat Land Yao (Pingdi Yao,平地瑶) people’s ancestor worship reflected in the Meishan scroll paintings which were discovered in Shuibin village, Guanyin township, Gongcheng Yao Autonomous District, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China in 1984. The Yao people believed that Meishan was not only their ancestral habitation located in ancient central Hunan, but also the pure land for the ancestors’ souls. For the long migration duration and the unfavourable preservation environment, the existing number of Meishan scroll paintings of Flat Land Yao is small, and the two sets of scrolls in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous District are rare art works in the series. The dress style, decoration, generation names of the ancestors, and the skills of the painters reflected that the Flat Land Yao people had absorbed the culture of the surrounding nationalities, especially the Han culture. Confucianism also had an important influence on the Flat Land Yao.","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"23 1","pages":"541 - 555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41942562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14631369.2021.2023462
Neelakshi Talukdar
{"title":"This land is mine, I am not of this land: CAA-NRC and manufacture of statelessness","authors":"Neelakshi Talukdar","doi":"10.1080/14631369.2021.2023462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2021.2023462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45296,"journal":{"name":"Asian Ethnicity","volume":"24 1","pages":"319 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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