Abstract:This article provides an insight into the characteristics and functions of grassroots environmental non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in China by investigating the roles that personal networks play within NGOs. Empirical findings from research on environmental NGOs in four Chinese cities illustrate that personal networks contribute significantly to China's environmental movements. Personal networks are important in mobilising resources, facilitating environmental awareness and the formation of a collective identity, and promoting a coordinated action. The significance of personal networks in Chinese organisations differs greatly from that of social networks in Western European and North American environmental movements. The conclusion drawn underlines the implications that personal networks have within China's environmental politics and proposes a future research agenda.
{"title":"The Place of Social Networks in the Chinese Environmental Movement: Influence, Identity Formation and Activism","authors":"Lei Xie, Louis Augustin-Jean","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article provides an insight into the characteristics and functions of grassroots environmental non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in China by investigating the roles that personal networks play within NGOs. Empirical findings from research on environmental NGOs in four Chinese cities illustrate that personal networks contribute significantly to China's environmental movements. Personal networks are important in mobilising resources, facilitating environmental awareness and the formation of a collective identity, and promoting a coordinated action. The significance of personal networks in Chinese organisations differs greatly from that of social networks in Western European and North American environmental movements. The conclusion drawn underlines the implications that personal networks have within China's environmental politics and proposes a future research agenda.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"66 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44381852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article investigates the role of soft power in China–Taiwan relations, focusing on the role of Confucius Institutes and their Taiwan counterparts, the Taiwan Education Centers. Findings have shown that China's Confucius Institutes have reduced the number of students and tourists from the host country to Taiwan, but the Institutes may promote exports from Taiwan to the host country. This positive effect suggests a spillover due to the shared language and culture. Taiwan Education Centers increase the number of international students and volume of exports from Taiwan to the host country. Taiwan's imports from the host country may be reduced, signalling spillover effects as well.
{"title":"Economic Impacts of Confucius Institutes and Taiwan Education Centers on Taiwan","authors":"D. Lien, Peilan Tang, Andrew Keithley","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article investigates the role of soft power in China–Taiwan relations, focusing on the role of Confucius Institutes and their Taiwan counterparts, the Taiwan Education Centers. Findings have shown that China's Confucius Institutes have reduced the number of students and tourists from the host country to Taiwan, but the Institutes may promote exports from Taiwan to the host country. This positive effect suggests a spillover due to the shared language and culture. Taiwan Education Centers increase the number of international students and volume of exports from Taiwan to the host country. Taiwan's imports from the host country may be reduced, signalling spillover effects as well.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"110 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Important Documents: July 2022 to September 2022","authors":"Ryan Ho","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"200 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resources for China–ASEAN Relations: Chronology of Events: July 2022 to September 2022","authors":"Ryan Ho","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"196 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66579383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wing-chung Ho, Jujun Zhao, Zhi-Ting Zhao, Guang Yang, Changkun Cai, Weiqi Jiang, Y. Liu, Lei Xie, Louis Augustin-Jean, Wei-Feng Tzeng, Hsin-Hsien Wang, Donald Lien, Peilan Tang, Andrew Keithley, Yen-Chiang Chang, Yue Sun, Xinyi Liu, S. Li, Jing Li, Yaojun Li, Hui-lin Li, Xinyuan Wei, Yongchao Wu, Ryan Ho
Abstract:Since 2012, Beijing has been promoting a strain of populist nationalism which underscores both the institutional superiority of the ruling party and the cultural superiority of being Chinese. At the international level, however, the image of both the regime and the Chinese has been marred due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan (December 2019–January 2020). This study examines the extent and the form that the surge in nationalist sentiment of Chinese young people has taken during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a questionnaire survey of 1,200 students from a sample of 20 colleges/universities in China (June–July 2020), this study shows that the respondents express high satisfaction with the state's performance in tackling the pandemic, and that there is a substantial surge of nationalist sentiment with a high level of hostility towards other nations (e.g. the United States). Such nationalist sentiment, however, is found to express a bifurcated pattern in that young Chinese also tend to embrace the opportunity to work and study in the Western societies they ostensibly dislike.
{"title":"The Surge of Nationalist Sentiment among Chinese Youth during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Wing-chung Ho, Jujun Zhao, Zhi-Ting Zhao, Guang Yang, Changkun Cai, Weiqi Jiang, Y. Liu, Lei Xie, Louis Augustin-Jean, Wei-Feng Tzeng, Hsin-Hsien Wang, Donald Lien, Peilan Tang, Andrew Keithley, Yen-Chiang Chang, Yue Sun, Xinyi Liu, S. Li, Jing Li, Yaojun Li, Hui-lin Li, Xinyuan Wei, Yongchao Wu, Ryan Ho","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Since 2012, Beijing has been promoting a strain of populist nationalism which underscores both the institutional superiority of the ruling party and the cultural superiority of being Chinese. At the international level, however, the image of both the regime and the Chinese has been marred due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan (December 2019–January 2020). This study examines the extent and the form that the surge in nationalist sentiment of Chinese young people has taken during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a questionnaire survey of 1,200 students from a sample of 20 colleges/universities in China (June–July 2020), this study shows that the respondents express high satisfaction with the state's performance in tackling the pandemic, and that there is a substantial surge of nationalist sentiment with a high level of hostility towards other nations (e.g. the United States). Such nationalist sentiment, however, is found to express a bifurcated pattern in that young Chinese also tend to embrace the opportunity to work and study in the Western societies they ostensibly dislike.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 109 - 110 - 133 - 134 - 154 - 155 - 180 - 181 - 195 - 196 - 199 - 200 - 200 - 22 - 23 - 40 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48971093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:More frequent adjustments in macroeconomic policies around the world after the 2008 global financial crisis and the increasing instability of global supply chains due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have presented companies which have foreign direct investment (FDI) with great difficulty in stabilising capital structure. This article attempts to investigate the impacts of FDI on the capital structure stability of Chinese companies based on the firm-level panel data from 2005 to 2019. The empirical results show that FDI has significant negative indirect impacts on both the market value and book value of capital structure volatility of host companies by changing companies' financial constraint status. These impacts vary for firms of different ownership types and weakened after the 2008 global financial crisis.
{"title":"Can Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Help Enhance the Capital Structure Stability of Host Companies?: Evidence from China","authors":"Jing Li, Y. Li","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:More frequent adjustments in macroeconomic policies around the world after the 2008 global financial crisis and the increasing instability of global supply chains due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have presented companies which have foreign direct investment (FDI) with great difficulty in stabilising capital structure. This article attempts to investigate the impacts of FDI on the capital structure stability of Chinese companies based on the firm-level panel data from 2005 to 2019. The empirical results show that FDI has significant negative indirect impacts on both the market value and book value of capital structure volatility of host companies by changing companies' financial constraint status. These impacts vary for firms of different ownership types and weakened after the 2008 global financial crisis.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"155 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49601154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article compares receipt of dibao social assistance in rural and urban areas of China using household data from seven province-level units. The probability of dibao receipt is positively related to the number of persons in the household who are older, adults who do not work and to the possibility that the head of household is in poor health. Means testing based on household income is more stringent in urban areas while low household wealth is a more important factor of dibao receipt in rural areas. In rural China, membership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) increases the probability of dibao receipt. A larger proportion of ethnic minority households than majority households receive dibao.
{"title":"Comparing the Receipt of Social Assistance in Urban and Rural China and the Role of Ethnicity","authors":"B. Gustafsson, Sai Ding","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4114308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4114308","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article compares receipt of dibao social assistance in rural and urban areas of China using household data from seven province-level units. The probability of dibao receipt is positively related to the number of persons in the household who are older, adults who do not work and to the possibility that the head of household is in poor health. Means testing based on household income is more stringent in urban areas while low household wealth is a more important factor of dibao receipt in rural areas. In rural China, membership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) increases the probability of dibao receipt. A larger proportion of ethnic minority households than majority households receive dibao.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"122 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46445356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article analyses the relationship between robotisation, quality of employment and workers' happiness by using the 2018 data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey. The study reveals that robotisation has an impact on workers' happiness and that quality of employment has a related moderating effect. Robotisation tends to increase retained workers' income and improves labour security at the expense of laid-off workers, resulting in increased working hours and reduced work autonomy. In one perspective, workers are controlled and alienated by robotisation. Factories however stabilise workers' motivation by increasing workers' wages and improving their labour security. The effect of robotisation on workers' happiness is enhanced by the increase in wage income but limited by the increase in working hours. The influence of robotisation on different skilled workers is heterogeneous; specifically, the effect on low-skilled workers is even greater than the average. Therefore, dealing with the dynamic changes of the relationship among the state, capital and workers is of paramount importance in order to realise the harmonious development of man–machine.
{"title":"Can Industrial Robotisation Enhance Workers' Happiness?: Evidence from China","authors":"Mingwei Liu, Xiaomeng Wu, Ce Wang","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article analyses the relationship between robotisation, quality of employment and workers' happiness by using the 2018 data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey. The study reveals that robotisation has an impact on workers' happiness and that quality of employment has a related moderating effect. Robotisation tends to increase retained workers' income and improves labour security at the expense of laid-off workers, resulting in increased working hours and reduced work autonomy. In one perspective, workers are controlled and alienated by robotisation. Factories however stabilise workers' motivation by increasing workers' wages and improving their labour security. The effect of robotisation on workers' happiness is enhanced by the increase in wage income but limited by the increase in working hours. The influence of robotisation on different skilled workers is heterogeneous; specifically, the effect on low-skilled workers is even greater than the average. Therefore, dealing with the dynamic changes of the relationship among the state, capital and workers is of paramount importance in order to realise the harmonious development of man–machine.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"159 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41624519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Through investigation of a mass incident to resist the ecological ruin of an emigrant Chinese village in the early 2000s, this article analyses the logic of governmentality underlying the flow of communication and supervision during resolution of a pollution protest. This case study demonstrates how emphasis was placed not on personalistic social ties but on organisational relationships. In examining the key role that overseas Chinese organisations played in resolving this case, this article reveals the governing principle of "diplomatic priority". And due to the governing principles underlying "territory management", self-preservation leads local officials to shirk from administrative responsibility. Fear of responsibility and joint liability functions as a roadblock in the flow of legitimate information, and can lead to covering up or suppressing lawful environmental concerns, thereby hampering the timely resolution of the issue.
{"title":"Resisting the Ecological Ruin of a Chinese Village: The Logic of Governmentality During the Communication, Supervision and Resolution of a Pollution Protest","authors":"Shenglong Lin, Trent Bax, Ling Yao","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Through investigation of a mass incident to resist the ecological ruin of an emigrant Chinese village in the early 2000s, this article analyses the logic of governmentality underlying the flow of communication and supervision during resolution of a pollution protest. This case study demonstrates how emphasis was placed not on personalistic social ties but on organisational relationships. In examining the key role that overseas Chinese organisations played in resolving this case, this article reveals the governing principle of \"diplomatic priority\". And due to the governing principles underlying \"territory management\", self-preservation leads local officials to shirk from administrative responsibility. Fear of responsibility and joint liability functions as a roadblock in the flow of legitimate information, and can lead to covering up or suppressing lawful environmental concerns, thereby hampering the timely resolution of the issue.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"75 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45354540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The concept of social protection and its analytical framework have gradually become important tools for analysing the development of social policies globally. However, few studies have examined social protection issues in Chinese megacities. This article uses the social protection index developed by the Asian Development Bank to analyse the development of social protection in Guangzhou, a megacity. Results have shown that between 2013 and 2015, Guangzhou's soaring social protection expenditures and the ongoing improvement of social protection have significantly improved people's standard of living. Despite the narrowing gap in gross domestic product per capita between Guangzhou and developed countries, there is still a huge gap in social protection. In addition, since social policy is heavily biased towards social insurance and social assistance in Chinese megacities, there are far fewer labour market programmes developed for poor people, compared to other developed countries. The authors recommend that Guangzhou increases its social expenditures and focuses on restructuring its social protection system.
{"title":"Conceptualising a Social Protection Index Framework for a Megacity in China from the Evidence of Guangzhou","authors":"Jianfeng Feng, L. Liao, Kinglun Ngok","doi":"10.1353/chn.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chn.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The concept of social protection and its analytical framework have gradually become important tools for analysing the development of social policies globally. However, few studies have examined social protection issues in Chinese megacities. This article uses the social protection index developed by the Asian Development Bank to analyse the development of social protection in Guangzhou, a megacity. Results have shown that between 2013 and 2015, Guangzhou's soaring social protection expenditures and the ongoing improvement of social protection have significantly improved people's standard of living. Despite the narrowing gap in gross domestic product per capita between Guangzhou and developed countries, there is still a huge gap in social protection. In addition, since social policy is heavily biased towards social insurance and social assistance in Chinese megacities, there are far fewer labour market programmes developed for poor people, compared to other developed countries. The authors recommend that Guangzhou increases its social expenditures and focuses on restructuring its social protection system.","PeriodicalId":45391,"journal":{"name":"China-An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"140 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45441795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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