In recent times, there is an increase in the utilization of the ride-hail service (viz., mobile application-based shared service) by the younger generation due to tremendous changes in technology, extensive usage of smartphones, and perceived convenience during travelling. For evaluating ride-hail service further, it is necessary to understand the user perception towards the ride-hail service and public transportation system (viz., bus in this case) to efficiently plan the public transportation services. Hence, the present study analyzes user perception while making trips, using ride-hail service and public transport buses. A long stretch of 3.8 km has been selected in the Nagpur city for the study and the stretch attracts a good number of trips by ride-hailing and public transportation. To perform the analysis, a survey has been conducted in the stretch which includes an online survey (viz., based on the Google form) and an offline survey (viz., at selected bus stops on the route between university campus and shopping complex). A binary logit model has been developed to understand the user perception towards ride-hail service and to identify the significant contributing factors towards the preference of the ride-hail service over the public transport bus. From the model results, it has been noted that age, accessibility, waiting time, travel time, income, and travel cost of the trip are the most significant contributing factors that affect user decision for availing the ride-hail service. It has been concluded from the study that the inferences obtained would be useful in the direction of developing warrants for transport planners and policymakers to improve the service quality of public transport buses (viz., frequency and routes) in cities especially in the Indian context.
{"title":"User Perception towards Ride hail Service: A case of Nagpur city, India","authors":"B. Raghuram Kadali","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.84.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.84.2","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, there is an increase in the utilization of the ride-hail service (viz., mobile application-based shared service) by the younger generation due to tremendous changes in technology, extensive usage of smartphones, and perceived convenience during travelling. For evaluating ride-hail service further, it is necessary to understand the user perception towards the ride-hail service and public transportation system (viz., bus in this case) to efficiently plan the public transportation services. Hence, the present study analyzes user perception while making trips, using ride-hail service and public transport buses. A long stretch of 3.8 km has been selected in the Nagpur city for the study and the stretch attracts a good number of trips by ride-hailing and public transportation. To perform the analysis, a survey has been conducted in the stretch which includes an online survey (viz., based on the Google form) and an offline survey (viz., at selected bus stops on the route between university campus and shopping complex). A binary logit model has been developed to understand the user perception towards ride-hail service and to identify the significant contributing factors towards the preference of the ride-hail service over the public transport bus. From the model results, it has been noted that age, accessibility, waiting time, travel time, income, and travel cost of the trip are the most significant contributing factors that affect user decision for availing the ride-hail service. It has been concluded from the study that the inferences obtained would be useful in the direction of developing warrants for transport planners and policymakers to improve the service quality of public transport buses (viz., frequency and routes) in cities especially in the Indian context.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76504578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European cities have seen an increase in the use of personal means as an effect of the COVID-19 pandemic: they are asked to accelerate the shift towards more sustainable modes, as the active ones. The current paper tries to shed light on how the perception towards these latter modes changes according to gender. In the framework of H2020 TInnGO project, data collected through a survey in three European cities (Turin, Valencia, Paris) are investigated. Results show that women are more worried about safety, both while walking or riding a bike, as female cyclists do not appreciate sharing space with motor vehicles. Moreover, the absence of a dedicated space for children prevents women from starting to use bike-sharing. Comparing the results in the three cities provides interesting indications and suggestions for including the need of all active modes users in transport planning.
{"title":"Gender perceptions of active mobility: Insights from three European cities","authors":"A. Carboni","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.85.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.85.9","url":null,"abstract":"European cities have seen an increase in the use of personal means as an effect of the COVID-19 pandemic: they are asked to accelerate the shift towards more sustainable modes, as the active ones. The current paper tries to shed light on how the perception towards these latter modes changes according to gender. In the framework of H2020 TInnGO project, data collected through a survey in three European cities (Turin, Valencia, Paris) are investigated. Results show that women are more worried about safety, both while walking or riding a bike, as female cyclists do not appreciate sharing space with motor vehicles. Moreover, the absence of a dedicated space for children prevents women from starting to use bike-sharing. Comparing the results in the three cities provides interesting indications and suggestions for including the need of all active modes users in transport planning.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77533828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the mid-twentieth century, the International scientific community has highlighted the serious problem of road accidents. That problem became critical since the 1960s due to the exponential increase of motorization in those years. Anyway, it was only at the end of the last century that the problem was addressed in a comprehensive and systematic way. Consequently, some effective measures have been implemented, and the first positive results were found. Nevertheless, in Europe, few countries have achieved the objectives given by the EU policies for the last three decades. For example, Italy has failed to reach the goal of halving the road victims in the decades 2001-2010 and 20112020.
{"title":"New Scenarios for Safe Mobility in Urban Areas","authors":"G. Maternini","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.85.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.85.0","url":null,"abstract":"Since the mid-twentieth century, the International scientific community has highlighted the serious problem of road accidents. That problem became critical since the 1960s due to the exponential increase of motorization in those years. Anyway, it was only at the end of the last century that the problem was addressed in a comprehensive and systematic way. Consequently, some effective measures have been implemented, and the first positive results were found. Nevertheless, in Europe, few countries have achieved the objectives given by the EU policies for the last three decades. For example, Italy has failed to reach the goal of halving the road victims in the decades 2001-2010 and 20112020.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85347267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Improving the quality of public transportation systems and encouraging passengers to use them are effective solutions for reducing transportation problems in metropolitan. Prediction of travel time and providing information to passengers are significant factors in this process. In this research not only the travel time components in Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system were investigated but also an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model and a regression model for travel time prediction were presented. To enhance this aim, data was collected by AVL data and field observation and after investigating the primary independent variables, the significant ones were determined using statistical analysis, then ANN development was done. Moreover, linear regression method was used for this purpose. The results prove that although both models have high level of prediction accuracy, ANN model outperform the regression model and the accuracy for the route sections with no signalized intersections is higher than the others.
{"title":"Modeling of BRT System Travel Time Prediction Using AVL Data and ANN Approach","authors":"Milad Baradaran Shahidin","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.84.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.84.6","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the quality of public transportation systems and encouraging passengers to use them are effective solutions for reducing transportation problems in metropolitan. Prediction of travel time and providing information to passengers are significant factors in this process. In this research not only the travel time components in Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system were investigated but also an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model and a regression model for travel time prediction were presented. To enhance this aim, data was collected by AVL data and field observation and after investigating the primary independent variables, the significant ones were determined using statistical analysis, then ANN development was done. Moreover, linear regression method was used for this purpose. The results prove that although both models have high level of prediction accuracy, ANN model outperform the regression model and the accuracy for the route sections with no signalized intersections is higher than the others.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77706375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the calibration of the most commonly used Volume Delay Functions (VDF): BPR, Conical, Akcelik and Modified Davidson, for an urban area populated by over 1 million inhabitants, the city of Thessaloniki in Greece. The estimation of the unknown coefficients was carried out for a typical freeway, the ring road of the city, and selected arterial and collected roads of the city center, through recent data of hourly observed vehicle speeds and volumes obtained from video recordings and loop detectors. The BPR function yielded the highest accuracy across all the examined road sections and was characterized as the most suitable to simulate and interpret the existing traffic conditions. The estimated coefficients differed significantly from the values proposed in the pertinent literature, which highlights the importance of using locally derived data for the calibration of the VDFs.
{"title":"Fitting Volume Delay Functions under interrupted and uninterrupted flow conditions at Greek urban roads","authors":"Roza E. Barka","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the calibration of the most commonly used Volume Delay Functions (VDF): BPR, Conical, Akcelik and Modified Davidson, for an urban area populated by over 1 million inhabitants, the city of Thessaloniki in Greece. The estimation of the unknown coefficients was carried out for a typical freeway, the ring road of the city, and selected arterial and collected roads of the city center, through recent data of hourly observed vehicle speeds and volumes obtained from video recordings and loop detectors. The BPR function yielded the highest accuracy across all the examined road sections and was characterized as the most suitable to simulate and interpret the existing traffic conditions. The estimated coefficients differed significantly from the values proposed in the pertinent literature, which highlights the importance of using locally derived data for the calibration of the VDFs.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76096277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 2020 pandemic has been changing for months the everyday mobility of part of the world: we concentrate on one of the first areas hit by COVID-19, soon after China. One of the main elements of change is the consolidation of teleworking, which further prompted motionless communications. The emergency-induced reduction of the systematic travel demand has been counterbalanced by the increased volume of web traffic. As a result, communications which formerly required commuting or travel missions have been regularly performed motionless during the lockdown. All this is known, also by experience. The novelty is that this paper quantifies this phenomenon, with a focus on the city of Turin, Italy, and makes hypotheses on the post-COVID. Local mobility data, so as trends before and during the lockdown are presented, thereafter compared. Implications for the “new normal” ahead are fully elaborated, to reply to a pre-existing research question on the role of motionless communications in the future urban mobility management. Eventually, the paper provides directions to advance and create a reference for further transport policies, within the general research goal to contribute to advance scientific knowledge in this new transportation study topic.
{"title":"Role of COVID-19 and motionless communication on expected trends of mobility: an evidence from Italian and Turin data","authors":"C. Caballini","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.6","url":null,"abstract":"The 2020 pandemic has been changing for months the everyday mobility of part of the world: we concentrate on one of the first areas hit by COVID-19, soon after China. One of the main elements of change is the consolidation of teleworking, which further prompted motionless communications. The emergency-induced reduction of the systematic travel demand has been counterbalanced by the increased volume of web traffic. As a result, communications which formerly required commuting or travel missions have been regularly performed motionless during the lockdown. All this is known, also by experience. The novelty is that this paper quantifies this phenomenon, with a focus on the city of Turin, Italy, and makes hypotheses on the post-COVID. Local mobility data, so as trends before and during the lockdown are presented, thereafter compared. Implications for the “new normal” ahead are fully elaborated, to reply to a pre-existing research question on the role of motionless communications in the future urban mobility management. Eventually, the paper provides directions to advance and create a reference for further transport policies, within the general research goal to contribute to advance scientific knowledge in this new transportation study topic.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73897790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work a microscopic model on pedestrian flow has been proposed. Observed data is used to calibrate and validate the proposed model. The model developed here uses a fuzzy inference system to represent the rules and a force–field structure to represent the repulsive and attractive impacts of objects and goals, respectively in the flow space. The flow space and time are discretized and viewed as discrete quantities. This microscopic model of pedestrian behavior, which essentially models how each pedestrian behaves over time in the flow space, is embedded in a simulation model which is used to simulate situations similar to the ones for which experiments have been done. The results show that the model performs reasonably well.
{"title":"Development of a Microscopic Fuzzy Inference Based Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Flow","authors":"U. Chattaraj","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.3","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a microscopic model on pedestrian flow has been proposed. Observed data is used to calibrate and validate the proposed model. The model developed here uses a fuzzy inference system to represent the rules and a force–field structure to represent the repulsive and attractive impacts of objects and goals, respectively in the flow space. The flow space and time are discretized and viewed as discrete quantities. This microscopic model of pedestrian behavior, which essentially models how each pedestrian behaves over time in the flow space, is embedded in a simulation model which is used to simulate situations similar to the ones for which experiments have been done. The results show that the model performs reasonably well.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73251859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper focuses on measuring and quantification of the negative externality of noise pollution generated by freight transport in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic. The paper describes negative impacts and significance of noise externalities, whereas it is established that noise causes psychological and physiological harm to affected persons. A separate part of the paper is dedicated to the current status of the European legislation dealing with the issues of the negative externality of noise pollution, in particular Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Communication COM(2008) 435. The actual measurement of the total, average and marginal costs of noise pollution is implemented in line with the defined methodology and using expert studies defined in the paper. The measurement results show that the costs of the negative externality of noise pollution are high in both countries. According to authors’ calculations, the total costs of the negative externality of noise pollution amount to EUR 100.8 mil in the Czech Republic and EUR 16.9 mil in the Slovak Republic. The paper contains a proposal of internalisation of these costs in the form of performance charges applied to operation of heavy goods vehicles.
{"title":"Measuring costs of noise pollution generated by freight transport: Case of the Slovak and Czech Republic","authors":"B. Andrlík","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.8","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on measuring and quantification of the negative externality of noise pollution generated by freight transport in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic. The paper describes negative impacts and significance of noise externalities, whereas it is established that noise causes psychological and physiological harm to affected persons. A separate part of the paper is dedicated to the current status of the European legislation dealing with the issues of the negative externality of noise pollution, in particular Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Communication COM(2008) 435. The actual measurement of the total, average and marginal costs of noise pollution is implemented in line with the defined methodology and using expert studies defined in the paper. The measurement results show that the costs of the negative externality of noise pollution are high in both countries. According to authors’ calculations, the total costs of the negative externality of noise pollution amount to EUR 100.8 mil in the Czech Republic and EUR 16.9 mil in the Slovak Republic. The paper contains a proposal of internalisation of these costs in the form of performance charges applied to operation of heavy goods vehicles.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88953455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
City transportation has three basic components that create the essential environment for its functioning and the social welfare namely infrastructure, operational assets, and management policies. The key focus of this article is on understanding long-term distribution of transport demand in order to build bundling networks. To achieve this aim, we provide a hybrid machine-learning approach using a combination of several clustering and forecasting algorithms that are considered efficient given the key performance indicators obtained. This approach involves combining two types of algorithms: clustering and prediction algorithms. Based on simulated benchmarks, results indicated that the clustering phase is still appropriate using the k-means algorithm. To improve the k-means results, we measured 30 validation indices to estimate the number of clusters. In so doing, not only does it want to validate the clusters but also to identify the optimal k. To evaluate forecast accuracy in the demand prediction phase, we used the standard key performance indicators, namely MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R². The SVM algorithm has been judged as the most efficient prediction algorithm based on average values of the obtained metrics.
{"title":"Support vector machines and k-means to build implementation areas of bundling hubs","authors":"Jihane El Ouadi","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.5","url":null,"abstract":"City transportation has three basic components that create the essential environment for its functioning and the social welfare namely infrastructure, operational assets, and management policies. The key focus of this article is on understanding long-term distribution of transport demand in order to build bundling networks. To achieve this aim, we provide a hybrid machine-learning approach using a combination of several clustering and forecasting algorithms that are considered efficient given the key performance indicators obtained. This approach involves combining two types of algorithms: clustering and prediction algorithms. Based on simulated benchmarks, results indicated that the clustering phase is still appropriate using the k-means algorithm. To improve the k-means results, we measured 30 validation indices to estimate the number of clusters. In so doing, not only does it want to validate the clusters but also to identify the optimal k. To evaluate forecast accuracy in the demand prediction phase, we used the standard key performance indicators, namely MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R². The SVM algorithm has been judged as the most efficient prediction algorithm based on average values of the obtained metrics.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83024180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyze the importance that scientific research has given to tourists’ transport, understand the perception of visitors on the adequacy of intraregional transport in the visited destinations, understand the value different type of transports assume in tourist visits, identify the most used means of locomotion in a tourist destination and evaluate the acceptance levels of a tourist transport circuit organized with crossing points at the main touristic attractions, where visitors can leave their vehicles in strategically located car depots. In this case study, 226 valid respondents were considered. The main conclusion of this research is that Portuguese visitors do not consider adequate the supply of public and collective transportation in the national destinations they visit. Not only, most travellers do not use this type of transport to reach a travel destination as, once there, they won’t use it. Different factors influence the choice of the travel transportation but if the destination provides efficient supply of collective transportation or environmental vehicles for individual use, visitors are willing to drop their vehicles in car deposits outside touristic centres.
{"title":"Tourism and intraregional transport: The assimilation of local transport in tourist destination – the perception of Lisbon’s residents","authors":"T. Rodrigues","doi":"10.48295/et.2021.83.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48295/et.2021.83.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the importance that scientific research has given to tourists’ transport, understand the perception of visitors on the adequacy of intraregional transport in the visited destinations, understand the value different type of transports assume in tourist visits, identify the most used means of locomotion in a tourist destination and evaluate the acceptance levels of a tourist transport circuit organized with crossing points at the main touristic attractions, where visitors can leave their vehicles in strategically located car depots. In this case study, 226 valid respondents were considered. The main conclusion of this research is that Portuguese visitors do not consider adequate the supply of public and collective transportation in the national destinations they visit. Not only, most travellers do not use this type of transport to reach a travel destination as, once there, they won’t use it. Different factors influence the choice of the travel transportation but if the destination provides efficient supply of collective transportation or environmental vehicles for individual use, visitors are willing to drop their vehicles in car deposits outside touristic centres.","PeriodicalId":45410,"journal":{"name":"European Transport-Trasporti Europei","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72416605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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