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Renewing the Cold War Narrative of “Special” Anglo-American Relations: Commemoration, Performance, and the American Bicentennial 更新冷战时期 "特殊 "英美关系的叙事:纪念、表演与美国建国二百周年
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_a_01196
Robert M. Hendershot, Steve Marsh
This article uses the U.S. bicentennial as a case study to develop two themes about U.S.-British relations in the 1970s. First, the performative framework of commemoration was of considerable importance to the “special relationship.” The U.S. and British governments effectively used the bicentennial of an Anglo-American war to enact and popularize a distinctly useful historical narrative—a story of bilateral unity and strength, shared culture, eternal peace, and friendship—that was useful during the Cold War. Commemoration of the bicentennial signaled British recognition that historical and cultural ties offered a robust source of influence in Washington. Second, as the zenith of Anglo-American cooperation during World War II faded in collective memory, the political salience of commemorative events increased during the Cold War. They became contributory to and constitutive of a continually renewing public narrative of “special” Anglo-American relations that interwove times past, present, and future.
本文以美国建国二百周年为案例,阐述了 20 世纪 70 年代美英关系的两个主题。首先,纪念活动的表演框架对 "特殊关系 "相当重要。美英两国政府有效地利用英美战争二百周年纪念活动,制定并普及了一种明显有用的历史叙事--双边团结与力量、共享文化、永恒和平与友谊的故事--这在冷战时期非常有用。二百周年纪念活动表明,英国认识到历史和文化纽带为其在华盛顿施加影响提供了强大的源泉。其次,随着二战期间英美合作的顶峰在集体记忆中逐渐消失,纪念活动的政治意义在冷战期间日益凸显。纪念活动成为英美 "特殊 "关系不断更新的公共叙事的助推器和构成要素,这种叙事将过去、现在和未来交织在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Judgment and Mercy: The Turbulent Life and Times of the Judge Who Condemned the Rosenbergs by Martin Siegel 审判与仁慈:判处罗森伯格有罪的法官的动荡生活和时代》,马丁-西格尔著
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_r_01201
Harvey Klehr
Judgment and Mercy: The Turbulent Life and Times of the Judge Who Condemned the Rosenbergs
审判与仁慈审判罗森伯格夫妇的法官的动荡生活和时代
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引用次数: 0
Unwilling to Quit: The Long Unwinding of American Involvement in Vietnam by David L. Prentice 不愿退出:美国卷入越南战争的漫长过程》,David L. Prentice 著
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_r_01199
Robert McMahon
Unwilling to Quit: The Long Unwinding of American Involvement in Vietnam
不愿退出美国卷入越南战争的漫长过程
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引用次数: 0
Winning Women's Hearts and Minds: Selling Cold War Culture in the US and the USSR by Diana Cucuz 赢得女人心:在美国和苏联推销冷战文化》,作者 Diana Cucuz
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_r_01202
Denise J. Youngblood
Winning Women's Hearts and Minds: Selling Cold War Culture in the US and the USSR
赢得女人心:在美国和苏联推销冷战文化
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引用次数: 0
Terrorism in the Cold War: State Support in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Sphere of Influence by Adrian Hänni, Thomas Riegler, and Przemysław Gasztold, eds.; and Terrorism in the Cold War: State Support in the West, Middle East and Latin America by Adrian Hänni, Thomas Riegler, and Przemysław Gasztold, eds. 冷战中的恐怖主义:东欧和苏联势力范围的国家支持》,Adrian Hänni、Thomas Riegler 和 Przemysław Gasztold 编辑;《冷战中的恐怖主义:西方、中东和拉丁美洲的国家支持》,Adrian Hänni、Thomas Riegler 和 Przemysław Gasztold 编辑。
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_r_01198
Benjamin Allison
Terrorism in the Cold War: State Support in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Sphere of Influence
冷战中的恐怖主义:东欧和苏联势力范围的国家支持
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引用次数: 0
Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and Africa: New Perspectives on the Era of Decolonization, 1950s to 1970s by Chris Saunders, Helder Adegar Fonseca, and Lena Dallywater 东欧、苏联和非洲:Chris Saunders、Helder Adegar Fonseca 和 Lena Dallywater 合著的《20 世纪 50 年代至 70 年代非殖民化时代的新视角》。
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_r_01204
Roger Kanet
Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and Africa: New Perspectives on the Era of Decolonization, 1950s to 1970s
东欧、苏联和非洲:20 世纪 50 年代至 70 年代非殖民化时代的新视角
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引用次数: 0
The First U.S.-Based Soviet Nuclear Spy: The Saga of Clarence Hiskey and Arthur Adams 美国第一位苏联核间谍:克拉伦斯-希斯基和亚瑟-亚当斯的传奇故事
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_a_01170
Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes
Years before anything was publicly disclosed about the nuclear espionage of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Klaus Fuchs, and Theodore Hall, the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and U.S. Army Intelligence identified Clarence Hiskey, a Manhattan Project scientist, as a Soviet spy helping to provide highly sensitive nuclear weapons information. The two agencies kept watch on a Soviet intelligence officer, Arthur Adams, who was living illegally in the United States and serving as Hiskey's control officer. Despite an extensive investigation, neither Hiskey nor Adams was ever arrested. Although Adams was named in a sensational tabloid newspaper article shortly after the end of World War II and closely shadowed by the FBI, he was able to flee to the Soviet Union. Hiskey was never indicted for espionage. Based on material released from declassified Russian archives and FBI files made available under the Freedom of Information Act, the article tells the story of the first U.S.-based nuclear spy and how he got away with it.
早在朱利叶斯-罗森伯格和埃塞尔-罗森伯格、克劳斯-福克斯和西奥多-霍尔的核间谍活动被公开披露之前,美国联邦调查局(FBI)和美国陆军情报局就认定曼哈顿项目科学家克拉伦斯-希斯基是一名苏联间谍,帮助提供高度敏感的核武器情报。这两个机构一直在监视一名苏联情报官员亚瑟-亚当斯(Arthur Adams),他非法居住在美国,并担任希斯基的控制官员。尽管进行了广泛的调查,但希斯基和亚当斯均未被捕。尽管在二战结束后不久,亚当斯在一篇轰动一时的小报文章中被点名,并受到联邦调查局的密切关注,但他还是逃到了苏联。希斯基从未因间谍罪被起诉。这篇文章以俄罗斯解密档案和联邦调查局根据《信息自由法》提供的档案资料为基础,讲述了美国第一位核间谍的故事,以及他是如何逃脱惩罚的。
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引用次数: 0
Covert Diplomacy to Overcome a Crisis: West German and Israeli Intelligence after the Munich Olympics Attack 克服危机的秘密外交:慕尼黑奥运会袭击后的西德和以色列情报部门
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_a_01172
Aviva Guttmann
What happens among intelligence communities when two countries face a diplomatic crisis? This article looks at the interactions between the West German Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BfV) and Israel's Mossad in a multilateral liaison called the Club de Berne after the Munich Olympics attack in September 1972. The article shows that these covert links were a means to overcome the crisis and served different functions for each side. For the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), which had been severely criticized after giving in to terrorist pressure, the BfV tried to prove to Israel its value as a security asset. For Israel, the Club de Berne allowed Mossad to send a covert message that aimed to pressure the FRG into a no-negotiation line. For both, the agencies could build on preexisting relations based on trust in the Club de Berne, which helped with the normalization process after the crisis. Although diplomatic and domestic policies after the Munich attack are well known, the intelligence dimension has thus far not been explored. The article offers a new way of thinking about covert diplomacy in theory and practice.
当两个国家面临外交危机时,情报部门之间会发生什么?本文探讨了 1972 年 9 月慕尼黑奥运会袭击事件后,西德联邦安全情报局(BfV)与以色列摩萨德(Mossad)在名为 "伯尔尼俱乐部"(Club de Berne)的多边联络中的互动。文章指出,这些秘密联系是克服危机的一种手段,对每一方来说都有不同的作用。德意志联邦共和国(FRG)在屈服于恐怖分子的压力后受到了严厉批评,因此德意志联邦共和国试图向以色列证明其作为安全资产的价值。对以色列来说,伯尔尼俱乐部允许摩萨德发出秘密信息,旨在向联邦德国施压,使其采取不谈判路线。对这两个机构来说,它们都可以建立在对伯尔尼俱乐部的信任基础上的原有关系,这有助于危机后的正常化进程。尽管慕尼黑袭击事件后的外交和国内政策已广为人知,但情报方面的问题迄今尚未得到探讨。文章为秘密外交的理论和实践提供了一种新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
The Olympics and the Cold War: A Historiography 奥运会与冷战:历史学
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_a_01173
Nicholas Evan Sarantakes
This article is a historiographic review of the literature on the Olympic Games and the Cold War. The topic has been a growth area among scholars of both diplomatic history and the history of sports over the past three decades. Most of the literature has been in English, but a significant amount of work has appeared in French, German, and a few other languages. Despite the proliferation and richness of the historiography, some large gaps in coverage still exist, and some important issues still need to be explored.
本文是对有关奥林匹克运动会与冷战的文献进行的史学回顾。在过去的三十年中,该主题一直是外交史和体育史学者的研究热点。大部分文献为英文,但也有大量法文、德文和少数其他语言的著作。尽管史学著作不断增加,内容丰富,但在覆盖面上仍存在一些巨大的空白,一些重要问题仍有待探讨。
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引用次数: 0
The Long Misunderstanding: Cuba's Economic Ties with the Soviet Bloc 长期误解:古巴与苏联集团的经济联系
IF 0.8 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1162/jcws_a_01169
Radoslav Yordanov
This article examines the political and economic issues that arose in relations between the Soviet bloc and Cuba from 1959 through 1991, including the admission of Cuba into the Soviet-dominated Council for Economic Mutual Assistance (CMEA) in the early 1970s. The article breaks new ground by consulting previously unseen primary documents originating from the East European states and Cuba, which highlight the often contentious ties between the European CMEA states and Cuba. The East European governments were often dismayed by the egregious economic mismanagement of Fidel Castro's regime and tried, mostly unsuccessfully, to encourage better policies. The relationship that emerged was shaped in part by Cuba's ever-increasing demands, by the East European states’ own economic limitations, and by the Soviet Union's far-reaching political objectives.
本文探讨了 1959 年至 1991 年苏联集团与古巴关系中出现的政治和经济问题,包括 20 世纪 70 年代初古巴加入苏联主导的经济互助委员会(CMEA)。文章通过查阅以前从未见过的东欧国家和古巴的原始文件开辟了新的研究领域,这些文件突出了欧洲经济互助委员会成员国和古巴之间经常发生争议的关系。东欧各国政府经常对菲德尔-卡斯特罗政权令人震惊的经济管理不善感到失望,并试图鼓励古巴采取更好的政策,但大多没有成功。古巴不断增长的要求、东欧国家自身的经济局限性以及苏联影响深远的政治目标在一定程度上决定了双方关系的形成。
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Journal of Cold War Studies
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