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Factors important for achieving the competitiveness of industrial and agroindustrial products 实现工业和农工产品竞争力的重要因素
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003831c
N. Ćurčić, Vuk Miletić
© 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 2
Transformation of agricultural land distribution patterns in Russia 俄罗斯农业用地布局格局的转型
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003863e
V. Erokhin, Tianming Gao, A. Vasile, Anna Ivolga
In the conditions of degrading resources of fertile arable land, pressing demand for food from a growing world population, and progressing urbanization and industrialization, agricultural land distribution patterns are becoming more vulnerable to a variety of socioeconomic, environmental, and food security challenges. In the context of this trilemma, there is a need to understand the extent to which farming systems will be able to cope with increasing competition for land with other uses. In this study, the authors developed an approach for predicting the likely influences of non-agricultural lands on agricultural landscapes. In the case of diverse agricultural landscapes in Russia, farming systems were mapped based on a share of agricultural land categories in the land fund across 82 administrative entities. The establishment of a rating system and application of correlation analysis allowed revealing the mismatches between the cadasterbased spatial distribution of farming systems and actual inter-category relationships. The proposed framework is applicable internationally for the study of land-use patterns and simulation of agricultural land distribution systems under the influence of non-agricultural land uses. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
在肥沃耕地资源退化、世界人口增长对粮食的迫切需求以及城市化和工业化进程的条件下,农业用地分布模式越来越容易受到各种社会经济、环境和粮食安全挑战的影响。在这种三难困境的背景下,有必要了解农业系统在多大程度上能够应对与其他用途之间日益激烈的土地竞争。在这项研究中,作者开发了一种方法来预测非农业用地对农业景观的可能影响。以俄罗斯多样化的农业景观为例,农业系统是根据82个行政实体的土地基金中农业用地类别的份额绘制的。分级体系的建立和相关分析的应用揭示了基于地籍的农业系统空间分布与实际类别间关系之间的不匹配。该框架在国际上适用于研究非农业用地影响下的土地利用模式和农业用地分配系统的模拟。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 1
Smart farming in agricultural industry: Mobile technology perspective 农业中的智能农业:移动技术视角
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003925r
Žarko Rađenović, B. Krstić, M. Marković
The aim of this research is to examine key indicators that are necessary for the implementation and development of smart farming concepts in the agricultural industry, especially from the applied mobile technology point of view. Accordingly, the authors used a neural network based software solution to determine the correlation, relationship structure and partial contribution of indicators for the mobile technology development in agricultural industries in selected countries. The validity of the input-output model in a neural network based software solution was evaluated using the Minkowski error and Quasi-Newton method through several iterations/epochs. The neural network structure has shown the importance of particular indicators for adopting a mobile technology perspective in the agricultural industry, where the application of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) in agriculture is most emphasized. Only those countries that invest the most in the ICT in the agricultural sector can achieve greater efficiency and productivity by applying smart farming. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
本研究的目的是研究在农业中实施和发展智能农业概念所必需的关键指标,特别是从应用移动技术的角度来看。据此,作者利用基于神经网络的软件解决方案确定了选定国家农业产业移动技术发展指标的相关性、关系结构和部分贡献。利用Minkowski误差和准牛顿方法,通过多次迭代/迭代,对基于神经网络的软件解的输入-输出模型的有效性进行了评估。神经网络结构显示了在农业中采用移动技术视角的特定指标的重要性,其中信息和通信技术(ICT)在农业中的应用是最强调的。只有那些在农业部门投资信息通信技术最多的国家才能通过应用智能农业实现更高的效率和生产力。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 4
Biomass valuation in the context of sustainable agricultural development in Romania 罗马尼亚可持续农业发展背景下的生物量评估
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/EKOPOLJ2003699P
C. Panaitescu, M. Stoicescu, M. Ponea, Dumitru Nancu, Dang Nam Nguyen
Achieving a sustainable agricultural development in Romania represents a major challenge in adapting to new environmental conditions and ecological efficiency. Agriculture has proven over time to be a sustainable producer of biomass, able to offer both in terms of main production of energy crops, and through secondary production or byproduct. In this context the main aim of the manuscript is to asses and analyzes the biomass valuation in the larger context of sustainable agricultural development in Romania. The results prove that biomass is an eligible candidate in valuing the agricultural potential and develop future mechanism in promoting renewables. Taking into consideration these aspects, the manuscript is in line with the current researches in field analyzing the biomass potential in developing new clean and sustainable energy production.
在罗马尼亚实现可持续农业发展是适应新的环境条件和提高生态效率的一项重大挑战。随着时间的推移,农业已被证明是可持续的生物质生产者,既可以提供主要的能源作物生产,也可以通过二次生产或副产品提供。在这种情况下,手稿的主要目的是在罗马尼亚可持续农业发展的大背景下评估和分析生物质价值。结果表明,生物质是评估农业潜力和制定未来可再生能源促进机制的合格候选者。考虑到这些方面,本文符合当前领域的研究,分析了生物质在发展清洁和可持续的新能源生产中的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
Profitability analysis of apple production in the Republic of Serbia 塞尔维亚共和国苹果生产盈利能力分析
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003817p
M. Pavlović, Jovana Radoičić, M. Milanović
The subject of this paper is profitability analysis of apple production in the Republic of Serbia. The financial profitability analysis was performed in companies operating in the territory of Vojvodina, Central and Eastern Serbia. This analysis was performed through the calculation of liquidity and profitability ratios. In the Republic of Serbia, 26658 hectares have apple orchards, which indicates that the cultivation of this fruit is highly represented. The aim of this paper is to determine whether apple production is a profitable activity in the Republic of Serbia, selecting three companies based on the analysis of profitability ratios. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
本文的主题是塞尔维亚共和国苹果生产的盈利能力分析。对在伏伊伏丁那、塞尔维亚中部和东部地区经营的公司进行了财务盈利能力分析。这种分析是通过计算流动性和盈利能力比率来进行的。在塞尔维亚共和国,有26658公顷的苹果园,这表明这种水果的种植非常普遍。本文的目的是确定苹果生产是否在塞尔维亚共和国是一项有利可图的活动,根据盈利比率的分析选择三家公司。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 1
The position of public enforcement officers with reference to enforcement on agricultural land 公共执法人员在农业用地执法中的地位
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003011s
Mirela Smiljanić-Ličina, Darko Golić
The subject of this paper is the analysis of the legal nature of public enforcement officers as holders of public authority, their place in the judicial system of the Republic of Serbia with special reference to enforcement on agricultural land owned by the enforcement debtor and the process of supervision and control of public enforcement officers. Fast and efficient collection of creditors’ claims is one of the basic tasks of the enforcement procedure and as such, it is a precondition for the efficient functioning of the judicial system. In the Republic of Serbia, these goals are ensured by the introduction of first (private) enforcement officers, and afterward, public enforcement officers as a new judicial profession, to which some of the public authorities have been delegated, i.e. authorities that only courts once had. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
本文的主题是分析公共执法人员作为公共权力持有人的法律性质,他们在塞尔维亚共和国司法系统中的地位,特别涉及对执行债务人拥有的农业土地的执法以及对公共执法人员的监督和控制过程。迅速和有效地收集债权人的债权是执行程序的基本任务之一,因此,它是司法系统有效运作的先决条件。在塞尔维亚共和国,为了确保这些目标,首先引进了(私人)执法人员,后来又引进了公共执法人员,作为一种新的司法职业,授予他们一些公共权力,即以前只有法院才拥有的权力。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 0
Restitution of agricultural land in Serbia: Comparative legal aspects 塞尔维亚农业用地的归还:比较法律方面
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2004353r
Ljiljana Rajnović, Snežana Cico, Zoran Brljak
The idea of returning the confiscated property to the previous owners in the Republic of Serbia arose as a process that included all the countries of Eastern Europe and other countries of the former communist system in which mostly state property existed. Restitution is part of the transition process, which implies comprehensive changes in the state, including privatization of the state sector and market operations on the principles of private property, but also as a need to correct the injustice done to former owners of confiscated property. According to Serbian legislation, restitution is obligatory, but in practice it is very difficult and slow to realize, even though this process realizes one of the basic human rights of citizens described in the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights the right to free enjoyment of private property. In this paper, the authors analyze the possibilities of returning agricultural land, legal regulations and implemented solutions in practice, on the example of a unit of local selfgovernment, on whose territory there is a state land fund that can be the subject of return. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
将没收的财产归还塞尔维亚共和国以前的所有者的想法是作为一个包括所有东欧国家和其他主要存在国有财产的前共产主义制度国家的进程而产生的。归还是过渡进程的一部分,这意味着国家的全面变革,包括国营部门的私有化和基于私有财产原则的市场运作,但也需要纠正对没收财产的前所有者的不公正待遇。根据塞尔维亚的法律,赔偿是强制性的,但在实践中,尽管这一过程实现了联合国世界人权宣言中所描述的公民的基本人权之一,即自由享受私有财产的权利,但实现起来却非常困难和缓慢。本文以一个地方自治单位为例,分析了农地返还的可能性、法律规定和实践中的实施方案,该单位境内有国家土地基金可以作为返还主体。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 3
Legal aspects of development of organic agriculture in Ukraine in the context of European integration 欧洲一体化背景下乌克兰有机农业发展的法律问题
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003973i
I. Ignatenko
In modern economic conditions, organic production is gaining global significance, partly addressing food security and contributing to the well-being of the population. Ukraine is in the top-20 of world leaders in the organic movement. In this regard, the prospects for the development of organic farming are considered. The current state of regulatory support for organic production in Ukraine has been analyzed. It is proposed to approve the procedure for certification of organic production, the procedure and requirements for labeling of organic products, as well as requirements for material and technical base and other infrastructure necessary to perform functions of certification of organic production and circulation of organic products. The necessity of approving the criteria for determining the suitability of agricultural lands for use in the process of organic production is substantiated. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
在现代经济条件下,有机生产正在获得全球意义,在一定程度上解决了粮食安全问题,并为人民的福祉做出了贡献。乌克兰在世界有机运动中排名前20位。在此基础上,对有机农业的发展前景进行了展望。对乌克兰有机生产的监管支持现状进行了分析。建议批准有机生产认证程序、有机产品标识程序和要求,以及履行有机生产认证和有机产品流通职能所需的物质技术基础和其他基础设施要求。批准在有机生产过程中确定农业用地适宜性标准的必要性得到了证实。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 3
Applying marketing concepts in cheesemaking business entities in the Republic of Serbia 在塞尔维亚共和国的奶酪制作商业实体中应用营销概念
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003895r
V. Radojević, Dubravka Užar, Izabela Mugoša
Main objective of the research is to identify role and position of marketing in business practice in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSME) in the Republic of Serbia. Since cheese is a value-added product, cheesemaking takes a significant position in country’s food chain and represents a significant revenue generator for every participant in the production cycle. Lack or insufficient usage of marketing decreases the possibilities of efficient and effective use of resources and minimizes cheesemakers’ competitive advantage. The research has been conducted in the form of a questionnaire by using a random sample of 39 business entities in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. Research results indicate that marketing is at a peripheral position in the business practice of the analysed business entities. Main precondition for marketing concept implementation is introduction of marketing function and formalized process of marketing planning integrated into corporate planning system and supported by each level of management structure. © 2020 EA. All rights reserved.
该研究的主要目的是确定市场营销在塞尔维亚共和国微型、小型和中型企业(MSME)的商业实践中的作用和地位。由于奶酪是一种增值产品,奶酪制作在国家食物链中占有重要地位,对生产周期中的每个参与者来说都是一个重要的收入来源。缺乏或不充分利用市场营销减少了有效利用资源的可能性,并使奶酪制造商的竞争优势最小化。这项研究是以问卷的形式进行的,对塞尔维亚共和国境内的39个商业实体进行了随机抽样。研究结果表明,市场营销在被分析企业的经营实践中处于边缘地位。营销理念实施的主要前提是营销功能的引入和营销策划的形式化过程整合到企业的策划体系中,并得到各级管理结构的支持。©2020 EA保留所有权利。
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引用次数: 0
Supply and performance of coffee markets in Gololcha district of Oromia region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚地区Gololcha地区咖啡市场的供应和表现
IF 0.6 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekopolj2003797d
Jima Degaga, Kumilachew Alamerie
The objectives of the study were to identify performance of coffee market and factors affecting market supply of coffee by smallholder farmers. The data was collected through personal interviews from a total of 213 respondents. The result of Focus Group Discussion revealed coffee producers in the study area are exposed to low and volatile price. Based on two stage least squares model, we found that amount of coffee produced, sex of the household heads, educational level, family size, land allocated to coffee production and access to market information had positively and significantly influenced amount of coffee supplied to the market. Therefore, emphasis should be given on controlling illegal traders and enhancing market infrastructure, promotion of cooperatives, increasing level of coffee production and expansion of education facilities in the study area.
研究的目的是确定咖啡市场的表现和影响小农咖啡市场供应的因素。数据是通过个人访谈收集的,共有213名受访者。焦点小组讨论的结果显示,咖啡生产商在研究地区暴露于低和不稳定的价格。基于两阶段最小二乘模型,我们发现咖啡产量、户主性别、受教育程度、家庭规模、咖啡生产用地分配和市场信息获取对咖啡供给量有显著的正向影响。因此,重点应放在控制非法贸易商和加强市场基础设施、促进合作社、提高咖啡生产水平和扩大研究区域的教育设施上。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Ekonomika Poljoprivreda-Economics of Agriculture
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