Using dictionaries has been seen as an important aspect of L2 learning at all levels of L2 proficiency. Yet, in many cases dictionary use seems a considerably neglected part of L2 teaching. There is no doubt, however, that L2 learners should be encouraged to use dictionaries independently and autonomously, as they will be unable to rely on language teachers or other proficient L2 speakers to assist them throughout their whole lives. Using Dörnyei’s (2005) L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) framework, this quantitative study (N=925) investigates the interrelationship between L2 learning motivation, willingness to pay for dictionaries, reading dictionaries’ usage guides and willingness to use dictionaries. The accumulated data were analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM). Even though not necessarily generalisable to other contexts, the results show that EFL learning motivation has an impact on willingness to buy dictionaries and willingness to use dictionaries. Our data reveal that in the L2MSS, two components (motivated language learning behaviour and the ideal L2 self) have an impact on attitudes to dictionary use.
{"title":"The Interrelationship between EFL Learning Motivation and Dictionary Use","authors":"Balázs Fajt, Mátyás Bánhegyi, Katalin P. Márkus","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad028","url":null,"abstract":"Using dictionaries has been seen as an important aspect of L2 learning at all levels of L2 proficiency. Yet, in many cases dictionary use seems a considerably neglected part of L2 teaching. There is no doubt, however, that L2 learners should be encouraged to use dictionaries independently and autonomously, as they will be unable to rely on language teachers or other proficient L2 speakers to assist them throughout their whole lives. Using Dörnyei’s (2005) L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) framework, this quantitative study (N=925) investigates the interrelationship between L2 learning motivation, willingness to pay for dictionaries, reading dictionaries’ usage guides and willingness to use dictionaries. The accumulated data were analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM). Even though not necessarily generalisable to other contexts, the results show that EFL learning motivation has an impact on willingness to buy dictionaries and willingness to use dictionaries. Our data reveal that in the L2MSS, two components (motivated language learning behaviour and the ideal L2 self) have an impact on attitudes to dictionary use.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138679632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Li Xingjian (editor-in-chief). 2022. The Standard Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese","authors":"Yanxiu Li","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lexicography of Coronavirus-related Neologisms by Annette Klosa-Kückelhaus and Ilan Kernerman","authors":"Haifeng Xu, Lan Li","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139219002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a protocol for using dictionaries in classroom activities to support language learning and develop language awareness (Nied Curcio 2022). A group of undergraduate foreign language students was guided through the process of compiling a multilingual Covid-19 dictionary, which provides collocational data to support language production and improve fluency in an L2. The activities were an integral part of a BA course in Lexicology and Lexicography. Lexonomy was used as the project editing tool. The compilation process not only shed light on the students’ challenges in basic language skills, such as syntactic analysis, but also highlighted the importance of refining the proposed teaching programme to include more detailed metalinguistic explanation and an augmented dictionary microstructure. Besides, the skills that emerged from the experiments conducted also provide valuable insights for research into dictionary use and the design of effective dictionaries.
{"title":"Between Collocation and Colligation: An Experiment in Collaborative Lexicography","authors":"Valeria Caruso","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a protocol for using dictionaries in classroom activities to support language learning and develop language awareness (Nied Curcio 2022). A group of undergraduate foreign language students was guided through the process of compiling a multilingual Covid-19 dictionary, which provides collocational data to support language production and improve fluency in an L2. The activities were an integral part of a BA course in Lexicology and Lexicography. Lexonomy was used as the project editing tool. The compilation process not only shed light on the students’ challenges in basic language skills, such as syntactic analysis, but also highlighted the importance of refining the proposed teaching programme to include more detailed metalinguistic explanation and an augmented dictionary microstructure. Besides, the skills that emerged from the experiments conducted also provide valuable insights for research into dictionary use and the design of effective dictionaries.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"5 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the Korean neologisms of the years 2017 to 2021, collected by the Center for Korean Language Information Studies at Kyungpook National University, and examines in particular the 1,081 neologisms that contains at least one borrowed element, which constitute 58.2% of the neologisms collected during that timeframe. The analysis of the source languages of the loans (i.e., the borrowed elements) confirms the preponderance of English in neologism creation due to its status and prestige globally, with 1,024 neologisms containing at least one English morpheme. The examination of semantic categories of the loan-based neologisms shows the dominant interest of Korean speakers in the Economy, Society, and Life & Lifestyle domains, which is also reflected in those that were included in the dictionary Urimalsaem or suggested for inclusion by the dictionary users. Those neologisms in particular were further analysed and proved to be testament to cultural changes in Korean society, which has been shifting from a traditionally Confucian, male-dominant, work-oriented, and holistic society to a society that gives more space to women (ppaminisuthu “dad feminist”) as well as the individual (nanalayntu “me-me-land”) and their well-being (welapayl “work-life balance”, chonkhangsu “countryside vacances”)
{"title":"Korean neologisms of 2017–2021","authors":"Hae-Yun Jung, Soojin Lee","doi":"10.1558/lexi.26353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/lexi.26353","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the Korean neologisms of the years 2017 to 2021, collected by the Center for Korean Language Information Studies at Kyungpook National University, and examines in particular the 1,081 neologisms that contains at least one borrowed element, which constitute 58.2% of the neologisms collected during that timeframe. The analysis of the source languages of the loans (i.e., the borrowed elements) confirms the preponderance of English in neologism creation due to its status and prestige globally, with 1,024 neologisms containing at least one English morpheme. The examination of semantic categories of the loan-based neologisms shows the dominant interest of Korean speakers in the Economy, Society, and Life & Lifestyle domains, which is also reflected in those that were included in the dictionary Urimalsaem or suggested for inclusion by the dictionary users. Those neologisms in particular were further analysed and proved to be testament to cultural changes in Korean society, which has been shifting from a traditionally Confucian, male-dominant, work-oriented, and holistic society to a society that gives more space to women (ppaminisuthu “dad feminist”) as well as the individual (nanalayntu “me-me-land”) and their well-being (welapayl “work-life balance”, chonkhangsu “countryside vacances”)","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"49 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carole Tiberius, Jelena Kallas, Svetla Koeva, Margit Langemets, Iztok Kosem
Abstract This article presents the combined results of three international surveys that were carried out in the context of the Horizon 2020 European Lexicographic Infrastructure project (ELEXIS). The aim of these surveys was to gain more insight into lexicographic practices and the needs of lexicographers in Europe. The surveys were delivered via online platforms. Based on the combined results, we sketch a map of lexicographic practices in Europe, both for born-digital and retrodigitized resources, analyze current needs in terms of tools, functionalities and training, and identify emerging trends that will affect lexicography in the short and long term.
{"title":"A Lexicographic Practice Map of Europe","authors":"Carole Tiberius, Jelena Kallas, Svetla Koeva, Margit Langemets, Iztok Kosem","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents the combined results of three international surveys that were carried out in the context of the Horizon 2020 European Lexicographic Infrastructure project (ELEXIS). The aim of these surveys was to gain more insight into lexicographic practices and the needs of lexicographers in Europe. The surveys were delivered via online platforms. Based on the combined results, we sketch a map of lexicographic practices in Europe, both for born-digital and retrodigitized resources, analyze current needs in terms of tools, functionalities and training, and identify emerging trends that will affect lexicography in the short and long term.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blending has long been regarded as an unproductive word-formation process. “Portmanteau”, a word formed through blending, can be traced back to Lewis Carroll’s Through The Looking-glass, published in 1871, but the earliest words created this way were found to be in use in the late Middle English period and many of them did not survive. The number of blends failed to experience any apparent increase in the several centuries that ensued. Since the beginning of the 20th century, blending has been playing an ever-increasing role in forming neologisms. Simonini (1966) found that blend words comprised approximately 3% of new English words. Algeo’s (1991) research into neologisms revealed that about 5% of the words were blends. Among the 1,186 new words analyzed by Cook and Stevenson (2010), around 43% were blends. The growing number of new blends in the English vocabulary means the inclusion of more such words in English dictionaries. In the recent updates of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), neologisms such as shockvertising, sharenting, Xennial, and staycation are formed through blending. This paper intends to make a thorough research into new blends recorded not only in monolingual English dictionaries such as the OED, Collins English Dictionary, and Merriam-Webster Dictionary but also in bilingual dictionaries such as An English-Chinese Dictionary of Neologisms in Present-day English and A Dictionary of Blends in Contemporary English. The blends found therein will be classified, and the deficiencies in the coverage of blends in dictionaries like the OED will be discussed in detail.
{"title":"A lexicographical approach to neologisms created through blending","authors":"Yongwei Gao","doi":"10.1558/lexi.26356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/lexi.26356","url":null,"abstract":"Blending has long been regarded as an unproductive word-formation process. “Portmanteau”, a word formed through blending, can be traced back to Lewis Carroll’s Through The Looking-glass, published in 1871, but the earliest words created this way were found to be in use in the late Middle English period and many of them did not survive. The number of blends failed to experience any apparent increase in the several centuries that ensued. Since the beginning of the 20th century, blending has been playing an ever-increasing role in forming neologisms. Simonini (1966) found that blend words comprised approximately 3% of new English words. Algeo’s (1991) research into neologisms revealed that about 5% of the words were blends. Among the 1,186 new words analyzed by Cook and Stevenson (2010), around 43% were blends. The growing number of new blends in the English vocabulary means the inclusion of more such words in English dictionaries. In the recent updates of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), neologisms such as shockvertising, sharenting, Xennial, and staycation are formed through blending. This paper intends to make a thorough research into new blends recorded not only in monolingual English dictionaries such as the OED, Collins English Dictionary, and Merriam-Webster Dictionary but also in bilingual dictionaries such as An English-Chinese Dictionary of Neologisms in Present-day English and A Dictionary of Blends in Contemporary English. The blends found therein will be classified, and the deficiencies in the coverage of blends in dictionaries like the OED will be discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we provide an insight into the development and application of a corpus-lexicographic tool for finding neologisms that are not yet listed in German dictionaries. As a starting point, we used the words listed in a glossary of German neologisms surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. These words are lemma candidates for a new dictionary on COVID-19 discourse in German. They also provided the database used to develop and test the NeoRate tool. We report on the lexicographic work in our dictionary project, the design and functionalities of NeoRate, and describe the first test results with the tool, in particular with regard to previously unregistered words. Finally, we discuss further development of the tool and its possible applications.
{"title":"Introducing NeoRate","authors":"Annette Klosa-Kückelhaus, Jan Oliver Rüdiger","doi":"10.1558/lexi.26366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/lexi.26366","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we provide an insight into the development and application of a corpus-lexicographic tool for finding neologisms that are not yet listed in German dictionaries. As a starting point, we used the words listed in a glossary of German neologisms surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. These words are lemma candidates for a new dictionary on COVID-19 discourse in German. They also provided the database used to develop and test the NeoRate tool. We report on the lexicographic work in our dictionary project, the design and functionalities of NeoRate, and describe the first test results with the tool, in particular with regard to previously unregistered words. Finally, we discuss further development of the tool and its possible applications.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research at the intersection of neology and lexicography is attracting more and more attention worldwide. Although differences in this respect may be substantial, dictionaries are not always particularly responsive, as far as the inclusion of new words or meanings is concerned. However, major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic have accelerated the process in lexicography for several major European languages. In a fast-changing world, reactivity appears to be a must. However, this new-found enthusiasm for new words does raise some methodological questions, such as the scope of a general dictionary and the criteria for word additions. This article analyzes French lexicographic neologisms related to COVID-19 in Le Petit Larousse Illustré and Le Petit Robert by focusing on lexical incorporation in macrostructures, word-formation processes, and definitions. It also draws comparisons with Wiktionnaire entries, in order to show how responsive and accurate French dictionaries are in recording and describing COVID-related new words.
新词与词典编纂的交叉研究越来越受到世界各国的关注。尽管在这方面的差异可能很大，但就收录新词或新词义而言，词典并不总是特别敏感。然而，COVID-19大流行等重大事件加速了几种主要欧洲语言的词典编纂进程。在一个快速变化的世界里，反应似乎是必须的。然而，这种新发现的对新词的热情确实提出了一些方法上的问题，比如普通词典的范围和新词添加的标准。本文从宏观结构、构词过程和定义等方面分析了《Le Petit Larousse illustraise》和《Le Petit Robert》中与COVID-19相关的法语词典新词。它还与维基词典的条目进行了比较，以显示法语词典在记录和描述与新冠病毒相关的新词方面的反应速度和准确性。
{"title":"COVID-related new words in French dictionaries","authors":"Giovanni Tallarico","doi":"10.1558/lexi.26349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/lexi.26349","url":null,"abstract":"Research at the intersection of neology and lexicography is attracting more and more attention worldwide. Although differences in this respect may be substantial, dictionaries are not always particularly responsive, as far as the inclusion of new words or meanings is concerned. However, major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic have accelerated the process in lexicography for several major European languages. In a fast-changing world, reactivity appears to be a must. However, this new-found enthusiasm for new words does raise some methodological questions, such as the scope of a general dictionary and the criteria for word additions. This article analyzes French lexicographic neologisms related to COVID-19 in Le Petit Larousse Illustré and Le Petit Robert by focusing on lexical incorporation in macrostructures, word-formation processes, and definitions. It also draws comparisons with Wiktionnaire entries, in order to show how responsive and accurate French dictionaries are in recording and describing COVID-related new words.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this article, all ten papers and talks that have been devoted to the use of ChatGPT in lexicography so far are critically analysed, their results tabulated and cross-compared, from which the leading trends are determined. Extrapolating from the trendlines, a single short but robust new prompt is fine-tuned with which articles from different word classes are generated fully-automatically for a dictionary which compares favourably to the best practice in dictionary compilation. The conclusion is that a new age, that of the successful application of generative AI in lexicography, has dawned.
{"title":"Generative AI and Lexicography: The Current State of the Art Using ChatGPT","authors":"Gilles-Maurice de Schryver","doi":"10.1093/ijl/ecad021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, all ten papers and talks that have been devoted to the use of ChatGPT in lexicography so far are critically analysed, their results tabulated and cross-compared, from which the leading trends are determined. Extrapolating from the trendlines, a single short but robust new prompt is fine-tuned with which articles from different word classes are generated fully-automatically for a dictionary which compares favourably to the best practice in dictionary compilation. The conclusion is that a new age, that of the successful application of generative AI in lexicography, has dawned.","PeriodicalId":45657,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Lexicography","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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