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Hausa Dictionary for Everyday Use: Hausa - English/ English - Hausa. Ƙamusun Hausa na yau da kullum: Hausa - Inglilishi/ Ingilishi - Hausa. Paul Newman and Roxana Ma Newman 用途:豪萨-英语/英语-豪萨萨Ƙamusun到kullum:豪萨人yau - Inglilishi / Ingilishi -豪萨。保罗·纽曼和罗克珊娜·纽曼
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad010
C. Schmaling
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引用次数: 0
The Definition, Presentation and Automatic Generation of Contextual Data in Lexicography 词典学中语境数据的定义、表示和自动生成
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecac020
M. J. Domínguez, R. Gouws
This paper deals with several aspects of context in lexicography. Section 1 briefly mentions some different approaches to the concept context in various fields. Section 2 puts the focus on different uses and perceptions of the concept context in lexicography, contrasting it with related concepts, such as cotext, contextualization and contextual information. A more comprehensive discussion also covers different aspects of the occurrence of the concept context in dictionary research, with specific reference to central aspects of the so-called inner and outer context. Various portals, dictionaries and dictionary entries will illustrate the above-mentioned approaches. Section 3 approaches the subject from a user perspective. Section 4 addresses the question How can contextual data be extracted or generated? To answer this question, some methods and tools for (automatic) acquisition and analysis of contextual data, – in particular of the local contextual data in terms of Faber and León-Araúz (2016) – are introduced. Examples of these are lexical databases or semantic networks, like WordNet, and corpora, like Sketch Engine, or predictive methods, like Word2vec and similar ones. Some advantages and disadvantages of specific data acquisition tools used for the analysis of local contextual data are indicated. This section also contributes to a more detailed discussion of the automatic generation of the so-called local syntactic-semantic context or word environment, specifically of the building of syntactic-semantic argument patterns and their examples.
本文论述了词典编纂中语境的几个方面。第1节简要地提到了在各个领域中对概念上下文的一些不同方法。第二节着重分析了词典编纂中对概念语境的不同使用和认知,并将其与相关概念(如小语境、语境化和语境信息)进行了对比。更全面的讨论还涵盖了词典研究中概念语境发生的不同方面,具体涉及所谓内部语境和外部语境的中心方面。各种门户网站、词典和词典条目将说明上述方法。第3节从用户的角度探讨这个主题。第4节讨论了如何提取或生成上下文数据的问题?为了回答这个问题,介绍了一些用于(自动)获取和分析上下文数据的方法和工具,特别是Faber和León-Araúz(2016)的局部上下文数据。例如词汇数据库或语义网络,如WordNet,语料库,如Sketch Engine,或预测方法,如Word2vec和类似方法。指出了用于分析本地上下文数据的特定数据采集工具的一些优点和缺点。本节还有助于更详细地讨论所谓的局部句法语义上下文或单词环境的自动生成,特别是句法语义论证模式的构建及其示例。
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引用次数: 1
The Compilation of the English–Slovene Dictionary of Criminal Justice and Security Abbreviations 英语-斯洛文尼亚刑事司法和安全缩写词典的编纂
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad009
Mojca Kompara Lukančič
The article highlights the compilation of specialised dictionaries, focusing mainly on the characteristics of dictionary entries of abbreviations in terminological dictionaries for Slovene. Special attention is given to the compilation and characteristics of the dictionary entries of abbreviations in the Slovene terminological dictionaries published by the Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian language. The paper presents an overview of the characteristics of the terminological dictionaries for Slovene and provides examples of good practice that were used in the compilation of the English–Slovene Dictionary of Criminal Justice and Security Abbreviations. The paper presents the microstructure of the dictionary, and selected examples of Slovene and English–Slovene dictionary entries, as well as the overall compilation process, the selection of terms and the inclusion of related subfields. The English–Slovene Dictionary of Criminal Justice and Security Abbreviations is a growing dictionary compiled in the freely available dictionary mask Termania, and freely accessible on the portal Slovarji.si. The dictionary is the first Slovene terminological dictionary of abbreviations for the field of criminal justice and security.
文章强调了专业词典的编纂,重点讨论了斯洛文尼亚语术语词典中缩略语词条的特点。特别注意由斯洛文尼亚语弗兰·拉莫夫斯研究所出版的斯洛文尼亚语术语词典中的缩略语词典条目的编纂和特点。本文概述了斯洛文尼亚语术语词典的特点,并提供了在编写《刑事司法和安全缩略语英语-斯洛文尼亚语词典》中使用的良好做法的例子。本文介绍了词典的结构,并选取了斯洛文尼亚语和英语-斯洛文尼亚语词典条目的例子,以及词典的总体编制过程、词条的选择和相关子字段的收录。英语-斯洛维尼亚语刑事司法与安全缩略语词典是一本不断扩充的词典,由免费的字典面具Termania编撰,并可在门户网站Slovarji.si免费获取。该词典是斯洛文尼亚第一本刑事司法和安全领域的缩略语术语词典。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Tracing References: Re-dating and Interpreting Abel-Rémusat’s Chinese-French Dictionary Manuscript Dictionnaire chinois 更正:追溯参考文献:阿贝尔·雷穆萨特《中法大词典》手稿《中国词典》的重新定年和解读
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad011
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引用次数: 1
Competing Views of Word Meaning: Word Embeddings and Word Senses 词义的对立观点:词嵌入与词义
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad005
G. Grefenstette, Patrick Hanks
At least since the invention of writing, people have been troubled by the problem of what a word means. Dictionaries have traditionally been written with numbered word senses, giving the impression that the different senses of a word are fixed abstract entities, which can be used to separate usages into neat piles according to their different meanings. Adam Kilgarriff’s daring 1997 article ‘I Don’t Believe in Word Senses’ challenged this traditional view of word meaning, presenting an account in which ‘the basic units are occurrences of the word in context’. Kilgarriff went on to develop the Sketch Engine, a statistical tool that enables lexicographers and NLP researchers, teachers, and students to explore the relationship between meanings and collocations (words and their contexts). In this review article, we compare the information provided by Kilgarriff’s Word Sketches with the recently developed Word Embedding techniques and with the results of Corpus Pattern Analysis.
至少从文字发明以来,人们就一直为单词的含义问题所困扰。传统上,字典是用编号的词义来编写的,给人的印象是,一个词的不同意义是固定的抽象实体,可以根据不同的含义将用法整齐地分成一堆。亚当·基尔加里夫(Adam Kilgarriff)在1997年发表了一篇大胆的文章《我不相信词义》(I Don’t Believe in Word Senses),挑战了这种传统的词义观,提出了一种“基本单位是单词在上下文中出现的次数”的说法。Kilgarriff继续开发了Sketch Engine,这是一个统计工具,使词典编纂者和NLP研究人员,教师和学生能够探索意义和搭配(单词及其上下文)之间的关系。在这篇综述文章中,我们将Kilgarriff的词草图所提供的信息与最近发展起来的词嵌入技术以及语料库模式分析的结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of Three Recent Dictionaries of Indigenous Languages Spoken in South America 最近出版的三本南美土著语言词典综述
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad006
Mark Turin, Ana Laura Arrieta Zamudio
In this review essay, we compare three recent dictionaries of Indigenous languages spoken in South America. The review covers two print dictionaries—one of which is trilingual (Quechua, Spanish and English) and the other the second edition of a bilingual Q’eqchi’-English dictionary—and a bilingual, digital dictionary hosted online (Wichí-Spanish). The structure of this review essay is as follows: first, we offer a brief introduction to each of the languages covered in the dictionaries. Following the introduction, we offer sections in which we compare the orthographic choices made by the compilers, entry design and ordering within the publications. We also address the overarching structure of each dictionary, questions of language production and reception, as well as editorial decisions relating to the incorporation of neologisms. In addition, we include an analysis of the intended audience and accessibility of each dictionary, supplemented by a reflection about ownership and control of language data, community investment and how these resources address dialectal variation within the language, if indeed any exists.
在这篇综述文章中,我们比较了最近三本关于南美洲土著语言的词典。该评论涵盖了两本印刷版词典,其中一本是三语词典(克丘亚语、西班牙语和英语),另一本是双语Q'eqchi英语词典的第二版,以及一本在线托管的双语数字词典(Wichí-西班牙语)。这篇评论文章的结构如下:首先,我们简要介绍词典中涵盖的每种语言。在介绍之后,我们提供了一些章节,在这些章节中,我们比较了编译器所做的正交选择、条目设计和出版物中的排序。我们还讨论了每本词典的总体结构、语言产生和接受的问题,以及与新词合并有关的编辑决定。此外,我们还对每本词典的预期受众和可访问性进行了分析,并对语言数据的所有权和控制权、社区投资以及这些资源如何解决语言中的方言差异(如果确实存在的话)进行了反思。
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引用次数: 0
Guanghua Wu (chief editor). 2021. The Century Chinese-English Dictionary (Two volumes) 吴光华(主编)。2021.《世纪汉英大词典》(二册)
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecac010
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引用次数: 0
Defining with Simple Vocabulary in English Dictionaries. Mariusz Piotr Kamiński 用英语词典中的简单词汇定义。Mariusz Piotr Kamiński
2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad001
Hai Xu, Guangmin Li
Journal Article Defining with Simple Vocabulary in English Dictionaries. Mariusz Piotr Kamiński Get access Mariusz Piotr Kamiński. 2021. Defining with Simple Vocabulary in English DictionariesAmsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. xv + 326 pages. ISBN 978-90-272-0859-0 hardback. ISBN 978-90-272-6000-0 e-book. Price 99 EUR. Hai Xu, Hai Xu Centre for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, China https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-9033 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Guangmin Li Guangmin Li School of Foreign Languages and International Education, Dalian Ocean University, China Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Guangmin Li. liguangmin@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Journal of Lexicography, Volume 36, Issue 2, June 2023, Pages 227–230, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad001 Published: 11 April 2023
用英语词典中的简单词汇定义期刊文章。Mariusz Piotr Kamiński访问Mariusz Piotr Kamiński。2021. 《用简单词汇定义英语词典》阿姆斯特丹/费城:约翰·本杰明。15 + 326页。ISBN 978-90-272-0859-0精装本。ISBN 978-90-272-6000-0电子书。价格99欧元。徐海,许海语言学与应用语言学研究中心,广东外语外贸大学https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-9033查找作者的其他著作:牛津大学学术b谷歌学者李光敏李光敏中国大连海洋大学外国语与国际教育学院李光敏博士liguangmin@yahoo.com搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术b谷歌学者国际词典编纂杂志,第36卷,第2期,2023年6月,227-230页,https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad001出版:2023年4月11日
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引用次数: 0
Dictionary Skills in Teaching English and German as a Foreign Language in Hungary: A Questionnaire Study 匈牙利对外英语和德语词典教学技巧的问卷调查
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecad004
Katalin P. Márkus, Balázs Fajt, Ida Dringó-Horváth
This study investigates the dictionary use of graduates in English and German as well as their attitudes towards teaching and learning dictionary skills in the classroom. The first section of the paper offers a historical overview of research on dictionary use and dictionary didactics in Hungary. This is followed by the detailed description of the quantitative research, which aims to investigate the participants’ (n=197) self-reported preferences and attitudes regarding dictionary use, their dictionary consultation behaviour, and the role of dictionaries as an aid to language learning and teaching. The research results partly confirm the trends revealed in previous international studies (e.g. increased use of online tools, reluctance to pay for dictionaries, low prestige of teaching dictionary use); they also show that there is a need for dictionary use skills to be taught from an early age and for placing a special emphasis on features and search strategies in the case of digital dictionaries. Based on these findings, the authors plan to design a core ‘dictionary skills’ module (with teaching aids and handbooks), which could be incorporated into a variety of courses in tertiary education.
本研究调查了英语和德语毕业生的词典使用情况,以及他们在课堂上教授和学习词典技能的态度。本文的第一部分介绍了匈牙利词典使用和词典教学研究的历史概况。接下来是定量研究的详细描述,旨在调查参与者(n=197)对词典使用的自我报告偏好和态度、他们的词典咨询行为,以及词典在语言学习和教学中的辅助作用。研究结果部分证实了以往国际研究中揭示的趋势(例如,越来越多地使用在线工具,不愿为词典付费,教授词典使用的声望较低);他们还表明,有必要从小就教授词典使用技能,并在数字词典的情况下特别强调功能和搜索策略。基于这些发现,作者计划设计一个核心的“词典技能”模块(包括教具和手册),该模块可以纳入高等教育的各种课程中。
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引用次数: 2
Online Dictionaries and Accessibility for People with Visual Impairments 视觉障碍者的在线词典和可访问性
IF 0.5 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecac021
G. Rees
Making information about language accessible to users has long been a key concern of lexicographic research. Adopting a narrower perspective, this examination of three dictionary websites (collinsdictionary.com, merriam-webster.com, and dle.rae.es) employs the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to examine their accessibility for people with visual impairments. Dictionaries can be motors for social inclusion of this oft-marginalised group since, beyond resolving language doubts, they can also help affirm socio-cultural identities. Unlike paper dictionaries where space-saving conventions make accessibility a challenge, in principle, online resources are adaptable to the needs of users with visual impairments. In practice, although none of the websites evaluated meet any officially recognised WCAG conformance level, they do contain features aimed at improving accessibility for this group. Most impediments to accessibility are the result of ancillary elements such as advertising, social media, games, and word of the day features. Although these ancillary elements may not necessarily be the principal focus of dictionary use, they nonetheless have a negative effect on the accessibility of the dictionary entry itself. This article concludes with suggestions for solving several of these accessibility issues.
长期以来,语言信息的获取一直是词典编纂研究的重点。采用较窄的视角,本文对三个词典网站(collinsdictionary.com、merriam-webster.com和dele.rae.es)进行了检查,使用Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)来检查它们对视觉障碍人士的可访问性。字典可以推动这个经常被边缘化的群体融入社会,因为除了解决语言问题之外,字典还可以帮助确认社会文化身份。与纸质字典不同的是,在纸质字典中,节省空间的惯例使可访问性成为一个挑战,原则上,在线资源可以适应有视觉障碍的用户的需求。实际上,虽然没有一个被评估的网站达到任何官方认可的WCAG一致性水平,但它们确实包含了旨在改善这一群体可访问性的功能。可访问性的大多数障碍都是广告、社交媒体、游戏和每日一词功能等辅助元素的结果。尽管这些辅助元素不一定是字典使用的主要焦点,但它们仍然对字典条目本身的可访问性产生负面影响。本文最后给出了解决这些可访问性问题的建议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Lexicography
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