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Legalidades alternativas y tomas de tierras en una ciudad de la Patagonia Argentina 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚城市的替代法律和土地征用
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005001604
Santiago Bachiller
As a result of an ethnographic work on land occupations in Comodoro Rivadavia (Chubut,Argentina), the article discusses interpretations that reduce a complex social phenomenon toa view of land occupations as a simple “illegal act”. In opposition to the approaches of landoccupation as a “usurpation,” those who occupied lands hold criteria that legitimize their actionswhich, in turn, constitute a tense relationship with the formal legal order. The purpose of the textis to analyze these discursive practices aimed at countering the dominant readings that disqualifythem from illegality.Seeking to deal with the hegemonic discourses that circumscribe land occupations to a legal.criterion, the first section is organized around the weight that informality had in the historicalconstruction of Latin American cities. Taking Commodore Rivadavia as a witness, in thesecond section the State is dimensioned as a promoter of urban informality. The third sectionconveys the empirical analysis of the criteria of legitimacy as popular responses to the dominantviews of occupations as “illegal acts”. Finally, the conclusions propose a revision of the mainargumentative lines developed throughout the work.
由于对科尔多瓦里瓦达维亚(阿根廷丘布)土地占领的民族志工作,文章讨论了将复杂的社会现象简化为将土地占领视为简单的“非法行为”的解释。与将土地占领视为“篡夺”的做法相反,那些占领土地的人持有使其行为合法化的标准,而这些标准反过来又与正式的法律秩序形成了紧张的关系。文本的目的是分析这些话语实践,旨在对抗那些使他们失去非法性资格的主流解读。试图处理将土地占领限制在合法范围内的霸权话语。第一部分围绕非正式性在拉丁美洲城市历史建设中的重要性进行组织。以里瓦达维亚准将为例,在第二部分中,国家被视为城市非正式性的推动者。第三部分对合法性标准进行实证分析,作为对占领为“非法行为”的主流观点的普遍回应。最后,结论提出了对整个工作中发展的主要论证线的修订。
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引用次数: 1
Crisis del sistema humanitario en Chile. Refugiadas colombianas deslegitimadas en la frontera norte 智利人道主义系统的危机。哥伦比亚难民在北部边境失去了合法地位
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005001502
Nanette Liberona Concha, Evelyn López San Francisco
In 2007, the Refugee Program in Iquique is installed due to the increased numbers of applications inthe region of Tarapaca. In 2010, the Refugee Act is launched in Chile, nonetheless, thereafter; bothapplications for refugee status and concessions for protection begin to decrease, reaching a derisoryfigure in 2012. Given the participation of the authors in the Refugee Program and a participatorydiagnostic with refugee women applicants, it has been elucidated some aspects about the process.It is identified that in the region there is a “pre admissibility” instance, preliminary to the refugeeapplication process. The irregular entrance of the refugees is a determining reason for inadmissibilitystatus to the process. The main factor that tends to the irregular entrance is the denial of the entryto Chile. As a result, people not admitted in the process, choose for staying illegally/clandestine inthe country. Whom that are recognized as requestors or refugees, stay subjects to the demobilizedassistance of the international humanitary system or to the lack of awareness toward the refugeestatus by the key institutions and comunity in general, situation that results in discrimination andracism...
2007年,由于塔拉帕卡地区申请人数的增加,伊基克难民计划得以建立。2010年,《难民法案》在智利启动,然而,此后;难民身份和保护许可的申请开始减少,在2012年达到了一个可笑的数字。鉴于作者参与了难民方案,并对难民妇女申请人进行了参与性诊断,因此阐明了该程序的某些方面。经确认,该地区存在“预先受理”的情况,这是难民申请程序的初步程序。难民的不定期入境是该进程不被接纳的决定性原因。导致非法入境的主要因素是智利拒绝入境。因此,在此过程中未被允许的人选择非法/秘密留在该国。那些被承认为请求者或难民的人,仍然受到国际人道主义系统的遣散援助,或受到主要机构和一般社区对难民地位缺乏认识的影响,导致歧视和种族主义的情况……
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引用次数: 4
Hilando entre las rocas…análisis de los diseños de torteros foráneos en el arte rupestre de Cerro Colorado (norte de Córdoba, Argentina). 在岩石中纺线…在Cerro Colorado(阿根廷cordoba北部)的岩石艺术中分析外国torteros的设计。
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005001202
M. A. Recalde
This paper analysis some rock art motifs that breaking with a Cerro Colorado (Sierras del Norte, Cordoba) shared repertoire. The local and macro regional iconographic comparison provide us guidelines for  understanding their incorporation into the local repertoire. In the same way, this comparative strategy allow to proposed lines to inquiry about the social processes that took place in the region during the Late Pre-hispanic period (400-1550 AD). Thus, some motifs of Cerro Colorado are similar to the designs of the spindle whorls found in the middle region of Salado river (Santiago del Estero) but also on site of La Paya (Calchaqui Valley). Its inclusion in a local historical context marked by social tensions involving different spheres of  interaction indicates that these designs were symbolic resources to strengthen and demarcation within and also out of the group from the reference to the ties established with communities, for example, of the of thelowlands of Santiago del Estero.
本文分析了与科罗拉多山脉(sierra del Norte, Cordoba)共享曲目的一些岩石艺术主题。局部和宏观区域图像的比较为我们理解它们与当地曲目的结合提供了指导。以同样的方式,这种比较策略允许提出的路线来探究前西班牙时期晚期(公元400-1550年)该地区发生的社会进程。因此,Cerro Colorado的一些图案与Salado河中部地区(Santiago del Estero)以及La Paya (Calchaqui山谷)发现的纺锤轮的设计相似。它包含在当地的历史背景中,涉及不同的互动领域的社会紧张关系表明,这些设计是加强和划分群体内外的象征性资源,涉及与社区建立的联系,例如圣地亚哥德尔埃斯特罗的低地。
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引用次数: 3
“Santa Fe mo (inche ñi mapu mo cay)”. Vida familiar en la reducción fronteriza de Santa Fe, Chile (Siglo XVIII) “圣达菲莫(inche ni mapu mo cay)”。智利圣达菲边境地区的家庭生活(18世纪)
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005001001
Ignacio Chuecas Saldías
This article explores some characteristic aspects in shaping and articulation of the Mapuche families settled within the frontier town of Santa Fe (Chile) during the eighteenth century. Santa Fe, like the rest of the reducciones situated on the banks of the Biobio River, represented a negotiated space where indigenous families deployed strategies hybrid nature to preserve and enhance their agency within the Spanish colonial system. Among these strategies we do find the peculiar settlement systems, marriage practices, the role played by the caciques governors and notions concerning ownership and occupation of space.
本文探讨了18世纪在圣达菲(智利)边境城镇内定居的马普切家庭在形成和衔接方面的一些特点。圣塔菲,就像其他位于比奥比奥河畔的村庄一样,代表了一个协商的空间,在这里,土著家庭部署了混合自然的策略,以保护和加强他们在西班牙殖民体系中的代理。在这些策略中,我们确实发现了特殊的定居制度、婚姻习俗、酋长所扮演的角色以及关于空间所有权和占用的观念。
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引用次数: 1
Dossier Familias Indígenas. En memoria de Rolando Mellafe y Enrique Tandeter 土著家庭档案。为了纪念罗兰多·梅拉菲和恩里克·坦迪特
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/s0718-10432018005001002
Xochitl Inostroza, J. P. Ferreiro
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引用次数: 0
Complementariedad de métodos y fuentes en el estudio histórico de familias indígenas (Belén, Altos de Arica, 1750-1820) 土著家庭历史研究方法和来源的互补性(belen, Altos de Arica, 1750-1820)
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005000901
X. Ponce
The reconstitution of families of Belen gave me access not only to demographic aspectsscarcely studied in Andean populations, but also to other qualitative phenomena, that allowa historical analysis related to marriage and kinship. The use of different kind of files andsources has strengthened the methodology development, which allows the comparison ofdifferent documents, fomenting a critical review of each of the sources as well as the resultsobtained using the various methods. Complementarity between them provides a comprehensiveunderstanding of the various aspects involved in the formation of families. In the case ofBelen, the integration of parish registers, revisitas and one padron, church reports and marriagecertificate have led me to distinguish phenomena such as the presence of compound families,two possible cases of polygyny, the male tendency towards endogamy within the village, possiblepreferences regulating marriages, especially concerning first marriage, as well as to observedemographic and social problems that lead me to hypothesize about the role those factors playedin favor of ritual kinship and against extended family.
贝伦家庭的重建不仅使我能够接触到在安第斯人口中几乎没有研究过的人口统计方面,而且还使我能够接触到其他定性现象,从而可以对婚姻和亲属关系进行历史分析。不同类型的文件和来源的使用加强了方法论的发展,它允许对不同的文件进行比较,形成对每个来源以及使用各种方法获得的结果的批判性审查。它们之间的互补性提供了对家庭形成所涉及的各个方面的全面了解。在贝伦的案例中,教区登记、回顾和一个牧师、教堂报告和结婚证书的整合使我区分出诸如复合家庭的存在、两种可能的一夫多妻制、村里男性倾向于内婚制、可能的婚姻偏好,特别是关于第一次婚姻,以及观察人口和社会问题,这让我假设这些因素在支持仪式亲属关系和反对大家庭中所起的作用。
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引用次数: 3
Historia arquitectónica de Tarapacá: estrategias residenciales y formación de asentamientos, Siglos X AC a XVII DC (Andes Centro Sur) tarapaca的建筑史:公元前10世纪至公元17世纪的居住策略和定居形成(安第斯中南部)
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005000802
Simón Urbina A., Leonor Adán A., Constanza Pellegrino H., Roberto Izaurieta S.J.
This paper presents a regional synthesis of settlements and residential building patterns inTarapaca region, between Xth BC and XVIIth AD centuries. Distribution, variability andtransformations on sites plans and domestic space design shows a long-term process, where theformal patterns of the domestic structures reveal gradual or radical changes in the organizationor social structure of local communities during the Formative, Late Intermediate and Inca-Colonial period. Theoretical framework and settlement analysis allow us an inter-site perspectiveof pre-Hispanic architecture in areas of excellent material preservation, using a standardizedmethodology. The research points out the potential of systematic reading of domesticarchitecture´s behaviour to understand long term regional history in South-Central Andes.
本文介绍了公元前16世纪至公元18世纪塔拉帕卡地区聚落和住宅建筑模式的区域综合。基地规划和家庭空间设计的分布、变化和转变显示了一个长期的过程,其中家庭结构的形式模式揭示了当地社区在形成期、中晚期和印加殖民时期组织或社会结构的渐进或根本变化。理论框架和聚落分析使我们能够使用标准化的方法,在材料保存良好的地区对前西班牙建筑进行跨地点的观察。该研究指出,系统地阅读国内建筑的行为,可以了解安第斯山脉中南部的长期区域历史。
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引用次数: 2
Redes de capital social familiar en la región oriental de Jujuy (Argentina) durante las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX 20世纪前30年Jujuy(阿根廷)东部地区的家族社会资本网络
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/s0718-10432018005000902
Federico Fernandez
In this research analyzes the utilization of the social capital category, and its possible linkages with the processes of accumulation relational and spatial mobility between extended family with multiple residences within the eastern region of the province of Jujuy. The main source of information with which it has developed work, comes from a set of baptismal records made between 1902 and 1935 by priests of the Prelature of Humahuaca, Jujuy, on the population living in the region known as Valle Grande. The results obtained after the ordering and the analysis of social networks (ARS) data entered in the baptismal records, give account of a series of relational feasible to be described under the category of family social capital.
本研究分析了胡胡伊省东部地区社会资本类别的利用及其与多住宅大家庭之间的积累关系和空间流动过程的可能联系。它开展工作的主要资料来源是胡胡伊省Humahuaca教区的神父们在1902年至1935年间制作的一套洗礼记录,记录的是生活在格兰德河谷地区的人口。对洗礼记录中输入的社会网络(ARS)数据进行排序和分析后得到的结果,说明在家庭社会资本的范畴下,一系列关系是可行的。
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引用次数: 2
Composiciones familiares y configuraciones matrimoniales en redes genealógicas indígenas del oriente jujeño, Siglo XIX 19世纪jujuy东部土著族谱网络中的家庭组成和婚姻结构
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/s0718-10432018005000903
J. P. Ferreiro
Gregory Bateson proposes as the goal of his reflections in Mind and Nature the notion of “the pattern which connects” through questions such as what is the pattern which connects all living creatures? We have chosen as the object of our analysis, however, a fractal dimension of that, restricted to the links developed at the core of socio-cultural reproduction. Our interest is to recognize and analyze social configurations that develop kinship links and his occupation of a spatial and temporarily delimited region by a discrete set of indigenous peasant families. That is, the criteria, regularities and trends shown by these sets in their most basic and primary aspects: those that structures regulate and distribute the social reproduction through domestic organization and marriage alliances. The materials chosen for this task are from peasants indigenous reconstructed genealogy kin sets from nineteenth century. Our analytical strategy is based on Kinship Network Analysis and Graph Theory.
格雷戈里·贝特森在他的《心灵与自然》一书中提出了“连接的模式”的概念,通过诸如什么是连接所有生物的模式这样的问题?然而,我们选择了分形维度作为我们分析的对象,这一维度仅限于在社会文化再生产的核心发展起来的联系。我们的兴趣是认识和分析发展亲属关系的社会结构,以及他对由离散的土著农民家庭组成的空间和暂时划定的区域的占领。也就是说,这些群体在其最基本和最主要的方面所表现出的标准、规律和趋势:那些通过家庭组织和婚姻联盟来调节和分配社会再生产的结构。本课题选用的材料来自19世纪农民土著重建家谱亲属集。我们的分析策略是基于亲属网络分析和图论。
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引用次数: 0
El matrimonio como espacio de “desfragmentación” entre mapuche-huilliches desnaturalizados a Santiago de Chile durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII (1669-1678) 17世纪下半叶(1669-1678),智利圣地亚哥的马普切-威利切变性人之间的婚姻作为“碎片化”空间
IF 0.5 4区 历史学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-10432018005000801
Jaime Valenzuela Márquez
Throughout the seventeenth century the frontier war in Southern Chile was characterized byraids that were oriented towards pillage and the capture of indigenous peoples who had beendeclared to be legally enslavable since 1608. Deported to central Chile, Coquimbo or Lima,Mapuche and southern Huilliche were part of a generalized experience of communal uprooting, thefragmentation of social networks, territorial links and above all the destruction of familiar ties ofindividuals who were exposed to the traumatic experiences of violent abduction and perpetual exilefrom their homeland.The objective of this article is to delineate the signs of this fragmentation and to then studythe recomposition trends –or “defragmentation”– that were observed among the Indians uponmarriage, within the urban context of the Chilean capital and the surrounding area. This analysisis based on records from the Sagrario parish and centers around an historical moment of transitionbetween the rise of the capture and traffic of this “rebel” Indians and the abolition of legal slavery.
在整个17世纪,智利南部的边境战争以袭击为特征,目的是掠夺和捕获自1608年以来被宣布为合法奴隶的土著人民。马普切人和南部威利切人被驱逐到智利中部的科金博或利马,这是集体连根拔起的普遍经历的一部分,社会网络和领土联系的破碎,最重要的是,个人熟悉的联系被破坏,他们暴露在暴力绑架和永久流亡家园的创伤经历中。本文的目的是描述这种分裂的迹象,然后研究在智利首都及其周边地区的城市环境中观察到的印第安人结婚后的重组趋势-或“碎片化”。这一分析基于萨格里奥教区的记录,并围绕着捕获和贩卖这些“反叛”印第安人的兴起和废除合法奴隶制之间的一个历史过渡时刻展开。
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引用次数: 1
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Estudios Atacamenos
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