Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0019464612463830
Anjana Singh
{"title":"Book Review: Toby E. Huff, Intellectual Curiosity and the Scientific Revolution: A Global Perspective","authors":"Anjana Singh","doi":"10.1177/0019464612463830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0019464612463830","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"604 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0019464612463830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0019464612455272
Pim de Zwart
In the light of the great divergence debate, the economic history of Asian countries has attracted increased attention in the past decade. This article brings early modern Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka) into the discourse, providing new quantitative evidence on wages, prices, demography and occupations from the Dutch East India Company archives. It is shown that throughout the eighteenth century, Ceylonese living standards were around subsistence level, lower than in Europe, and, until 1760, China. This can to some extent be attributed to population growth, driven by high birth rates rather than high life expectancies. The occupational structure in the maritime provinces of Ceylon shows that almost one-third of the labour force laboured outside agriculture in 1684, which does not compare favourably with England and Holland. These tentative figures suggest that Ceylon already lagged behind north- western Europe before 1800.
{"title":"Population, labour and living standards in early modern Ceylon: An empirical contribution to the divergence debate","authors":"Pim de Zwart","doi":"10.1177/0019464612455272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0019464612455272","url":null,"abstract":"In the light of the great divergence debate, the economic history of Asian countries has attracted increased attention in the past decade. This article brings early modern Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka) into the discourse, providing new quantitative evidence on wages, prices, demography and occupations from the Dutch East India Company archives. It is shown that throughout the eighteenth century, Ceylonese living standards were around subsistence level, lower than in Europe, and, until 1760, China. This can to some extent be attributed to population growth, driven by high birth rates rather than high life expectancies. The occupational structure in the maritime provinces of Ceylon shows that almost one-third of the labour force laboured outside agriculture in 1684, which does not compare favourably with England and Holland. These tentative figures suggest that Ceylon already lagged behind north- western Europe before 1800.","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"365 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0019464612455272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100312
Nonica Datta
the voice of the Hindu woman over the Muslim woman. Ray’s explanation, ’Throughout the discussion I have chosen to speak of Sarala Debi before Begum Rokeya because she was the older of the two women’ seems a rather inadequate justification. It is clear that the experience of pardah and abarodh (or confinement) marked the formation of Rokeya’s critical consciousness in a way that it did not mark Sarala Debi’s as a privileged woman of the Tagore family. But to make the experience of pardah the defining moment of Rokeya’s life, and by extension, the lives of all Muslim women in Bengal, is to render the practice simultaneously exceptional for one community and invisible for another. For, it is also true that the Bengali Hindu bhadramahila was also a subject of the antahpur, making for a similar set of experiences between the two groups of women, even if unevenly shared. Sumanta Bannerjee’s (1989) account of the ways in which the loss of a shared culture of
{"title":"Book Reviews : MALAVIKA KASTURI, Embattled Identities: Rajput Lineages and the Colonial State in Nineteenth-Century North India, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 238","authors":"Nonica Datta","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100312","url":null,"abstract":"the voice of the Hindu woman over the Muslim woman. Ray’s explanation, ’Throughout the discussion I have chosen to speak of Sarala Debi before Begum Rokeya because she was the older of the two women’ seems a rather inadequate justification. It is clear that the experience of pardah and abarodh (or confinement) marked the formation of Rokeya’s critical consciousness in a way that it did not mark Sarala Debi’s as a privileged woman of the Tagore family. But to make the experience of pardah the defining moment of Rokeya’s life, and by extension, the lives of all Muslim women in Bengal, is to render the practice simultaneously exceptional for one community and invisible for another. For, it is also true that the Bengali Hindu bhadramahila was also a subject of the antahpur, making for a similar set of experiences between the two groups of women, even if unevenly shared. Sumanta Bannerjee’s (1989) account of the ways in which the loss of a shared culture of","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"355 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100315
M. Siddiqi
{"title":"Book Reviews : JACQUES POUCHEPADASS, Champaran and Gandhi. Planters, Peasants and Gandhian Politics. Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1999, pp. 235","authors":"M. Siddiqi","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"363 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100314
Bernard D’mello
Innovation in the sense of the first successful commercialisation of new products, processes, methods or systems in the economy is one of the main sources of dynarnism in capitalist development. Further, during the process of diffusion of an innovation, the new product, process, method or system is itself subject to progressive incremental change (designated an incremental innovation to distinguish this from the former, radical innovation). A successful process of industrialisation in the sense of the growth of ’Modem Industry’ is generally associated with a rapid rate of innovation, radical and incremental. As Marx puts it in Capital (Vol. I, Chapter 13, Section 9): ’Modem Industry never looks upon ... the existing form of a process as final.’ Or, in The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels ( 1848): ’the bourgeoisie cannot exist without constantly revolutionizing the means of production.’ Classical political economists like Adam Smith and Karl Marx assigned a great deal of importance to the innovation process in the larger growth process. But after Adam Smith and Karl Marx, economists generally did not dare to look
{"title":"Book Reviews : NASIR TYABJI, Industrialisation and Innovation: The Indian Experience, New Delhi, Sage, 2000, pp. 162","authors":"Bernard D’mello","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100314","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation in the sense of the first successful commercialisation of new products, processes, methods or systems in the economy is one of the main sources of dynarnism in capitalist development. Further, during the process of diffusion of an innovation, the new product, process, method or system is itself subject to progressive incremental change (designated an incremental innovation to distinguish this from the former, radical innovation). A successful process of industrialisation in the sense of the growth of ’Modem Industry’ is generally associated with a rapid rate of innovation, radical and incremental. As Marx puts it in Capital (Vol. I, Chapter 13, Section 9): ’Modem Industry never looks upon ... the existing form of a process as final.’ Or, in The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels ( 1848): ’the bourgeoisie cannot exist without constantly revolutionizing the means of production.’ Classical political economists like Adam Smith and Karl Marx assigned a great deal of importance to the innovation process in the larger growth process. But after Adam Smith and Karl Marx, economists generally did not dare to look","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"360 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100301
J. Heitzman, S. Rajagopal
The authors compute the length of the 16-span rod, a measuring instrument used in the Kanchipuram region during the late Chola period, by combining information on land boundaries from a single inscription with fieldwork and map tools. In the process, they reconstruct part of the geography of the city and examine long-term changes in land use, with implications for historical preservation. The article suggests that the application of this methodology to other epigraphic records may allow the detailed reconstruction of early agrarian and urban environments, and contribute to the quantitative evaluation of land holding or revenue systems.
{"title":"Urban geography and land measurement in the twelfth century: The case of Kanchipuram","authors":"J. Heitzman, S. Rajagopal","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100301","url":null,"abstract":"The authors compute the length of the 16-span rod, a measuring instrument used in the Kanchipuram region during the late Chola period, by combining information on land boundaries from a single inscription with fieldwork and map tools. In the process, they reconstruct part of the geography of the city and examine long-term changes in land use, with implications for historical preservation. The article suggests that the application of this methodology to other epigraphic records may allow the detailed reconstruction of early agrarian and urban environments, and contribute to the quantitative evaluation of land holding or revenue systems.","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"237 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100311
K. Visweswaran
If no one now takes seriously the entire self-promoting notion of a dissociation of sensibility that supposedly took place under colonialism, it is generally acknowledged that something more momentous-less literary-than sensibilities did change in the course of the period. Phule, to be sure, is part of this period of cultural invention and depredation; and yet, I am convinced-from the sheer point or force of his selected writings-that there is more to Phule than having ’invented’ (or at least radically redescribed) away of talking about hierarchies, both cosmic and social, of knowledge, behaviour and entitlement. The theorist Homi Bhabha has a
{"title":"Book Reviews : BHARATI RAY, Early Feminists of Colonial India: Sarala Devi Chaudhurani and Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002","authors":"K. Visweswaran","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100311","url":null,"abstract":"If no one now takes seriously the entire self-promoting notion of a dissociation of sensibility that supposedly took place under colonialism, it is generally acknowledged that something more momentous-less literary-than sensibilities did change in the course of the period. Phule, to be sure, is part of this period of cultural invention and depredation; and yet, I am convinced-from the sheer point or force of his selected writings-that there is more to Phule than having ’invented’ (or at least radically redescribed) away of talking about hierarchies, both cosmic and social, of knowledge, behaviour and entitlement. The theorist Homi Bhabha has a","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"352 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100304
A. Menon
Forest histories have more often than not remained aloof from more broad-based economic histories of agrarian communities. As a result, narratives of the forest economy have focused almost entirely on the process offorest settlement. This article focuses on regional processes of territorialisation associated with revenue and forest settlement in the context of the Kolli Hills. It is argued that the colonial state's usurpation of land created a false dichotomy betweenforests and fields that did not exist locally. Hence, the impact of colonialism on forest- dependent communities is understood within the wider purview of the land question in the Kolli Hills, both in the past and the present.
{"title":"Colonial constructions of 'agrarian fields' and 'forests' in the Kolli Hills","authors":"A. Menon","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100304","url":null,"abstract":"Forest histories have more often than not remained aloof from more broad-based economic histories of agrarian communities. As a result, narratives of the forest economy have focused almost entirely on the process offorest settlement. This article focuses on regional processes of territorialisation associated with revenue and forest settlement in the context of the Kolli Hills. It is argued that the colonial state's usurpation of land created a false dichotomy betweenforests and fields that did not exist locally. Hence, the impact of colonialism on forest- dependent communities is understood within the wider purview of the land question in the Kolli Hills, both in the past and the present.","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"315 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100307
Denys P. Leighton
In the preface of Woman and Empire, Indrani Sen signals her intention to not contribute to the empirical endeavour of women’s history but to systematically examine Anglo-Indian literary texts of the period 1858-1900 as ’cultural products’. She takes as her subject the representation of Woman in selected non-fiction and fiction texts of Anglo-Indian and ’metropolitan’ (that is, British) writers. Although Dr Sen occasionally alludes to a distinction between literary representations and the ’historical real’ in her discussions of texts, she proceeds from the premise that both ‘literary’ and ’non-fictional’ writings constitute ’constructions [sic] of an imagined reality’ (p. xiii). She acknowledges the ’generic distinctiveness’ of the literary and non-literary texts that form the raw material of her study, while treating them as grist for the mill in the process of decoding ’colonial discursive practice’, the latter being understood as a ’means of exercising power and control’ and ’participating [sic] in the formation of ideologies’ (pp. xii-xiii). In the final analysis, Sen does speak to the ’historical real’ of the Raj-namely the attitudes and assumptions of Anglo-Indian writers, and presumably of their readers, about gender, race and social hierarchy. She refers to relevant recent work in gender history and literary studies-for instance, Jenny Sharpe’s Allegories of Empire and Nancy Paxton’s Writing Under the Raj-while clearly setting out her own judgements about particular texts as well as about
{"title":"Book Reviews : INDRANI SEN, Woman and Empire. Representations in the Writings of British India (1858-1900), New Delhi, Orient Longman, 2002, pp. 211","authors":"Denys P. Leighton","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100307","url":null,"abstract":"In the preface of Woman and Empire, Indrani Sen signals her intention to not contribute to the empirical endeavour of women’s history but to systematically examine Anglo-Indian literary texts of the period 1858-1900 as ’cultural products’. She takes as her subject the representation of Woman in selected non-fiction and fiction texts of Anglo-Indian and ’metropolitan’ (that is, British) writers. Although Dr Sen occasionally alludes to a distinction between literary representations and the ’historical real’ in her discussions of texts, she proceeds from the premise that both ‘literary’ and ’non-fictional’ writings constitute ’constructions [sic] of an imagined reality’ (p. xiii). She acknowledges the ’generic distinctiveness’ of the literary and non-literary texts that form the raw material of her study, while treating them as grist for the mill in the process of decoding ’colonial discursive practice’, the latter being understood as a ’means of exercising power and control’ and ’participating [sic] in the formation of ideologies’ (pp. xii-xiii). In the final analysis, Sen does speak to the ’historical real’ of the Raj-namely the attitudes and assumptions of Anglo-Indian writers, and presumably of their readers, about gender, race and social hierarchy. She refers to relevant recent work in gender history and literary studies-for instance, Jenny Sharpe’s Allegories of Empire and Nancy Paxton’s Writing Under the Raj-while clearly setting out her own judgements about particular texts as well as about","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"343 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-01DOI: 10.1177/001946460404100302
L. Subramanian
In December 1800, the city of Surat witnessed an important trial involving its leading citizen, Shri Krishna Arjunji Nathji Tarwadi, who was charged with the murder of a manservant on his premises. The trial lasted in the Sessions Courts of the English East India Company for about a month, generating strong emotions among the parties involved, until it petered out with the English Company officials deferring to traditional notions and prescriptions of penitence, punishment and customaty sanction, and with Tarwadi being acquitted of the murder charge. The trial in many ways represented a critical episode in the Anglo-Bania chapter of Surat's history and brought into sharp focus the interactive processes of British- Indian relationships in the period of transition and its implications for both the constitution of merchant identities in western India as well as the self-perception of the English Company, and the profile and presence it wanted to maintain in the region. The present article is an attempt to draw out the ramifications of the Anglo-Bania partnership in Surat as it entered its final stage, and to focus on its changing nature under the aegis of a legal system that was not quite in place at the beginning of the nineteenth century. By focusing on the Surat trial of 1800, a dramatic site where notions of justice confronted issues of caste prerogative and the more mundane considerations of material advantage, my article teases out the com plexities of negotiation between Indian merchants and the English East India Company during a period of transition.
{"title":"A trial in transition: Courts, merchants and identities in western India, circa 1800","authors":"L. Subramanian","doi":"10.1177/001946460404100302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/001946460404100302","url":null,"abstract":"In December 1800, the city of Surat witnessed an important trial involving its leading citizen, Shri Krishna Arjunji Nathji Tarwadi, who was charged with the murder of a manservant on his premises. The trial lasted in the Sessions Courts of the English East India Company for about a month, generating strong emotions among the parties involved, until it petered out with the English Company officials deferring to traditional notions and prescriptions of penitence, punishment and customaty sanction, and with Tarwadi being acquitted of the murder charge. The trial in many ways represented a critical episode in the Anglo-Bania chapter of Surat's history and brought into sharp focus the interactive processes of British- Indian relationships in the period of transition and its implications for both the constitution of merchant identities in western India as well as the self-perception of the English Company, and the profile and presence it wanted to maintain in the region. The present article is an attempt to draw out the ramifications of the Anglo-Bania partnership in Surat as it entered its final stage, and to focus on its changing nature under the aegis of a legal system that was not quite in place at the beginning of the nineteenth century. By focusing on the Surat trial of 1800, a dramatic site where notions of justice confronted issues of caste prerogative and the more mundane considerations of material advantage, my article teases out the com plexities of negotiation between Indian merchants and the English East India Company during a period of transition.","PeriodicalId":45806,"journal":{"name":"Indian Economic and Social History Review","volume":"57 1","pages":"269 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/001946460404100302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64786125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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