Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.25
I. Andriyani, Heru Ernanda, S. Soekarno, E. Novita, R. Hidayat
The increasing demand of sengon wood (paraserianthes falcataria) as an industrial material that has high price in East Java province, especially in Jember district leads to increase deforestation on people forest as well as land use land cover change (LULCC) on agriculture areas. Study on Tanggul watershed which is the one of three biggest watersheds in Jember where LULCC into sengon plantations shown that erosion yields on sengon plantations was dominating by medium to very high erosion hazard level. The identification and conservation method used in this study is RUSLE and the conservation model used is sengon-coffee intercropping. The effeciveness criteria used is erosion yield on the field decreases until low level of erosion hazard level (below 60 tons/hectares/year). The 208 samples of sengon plantations were used to identify erosion yield and the results show that 75.9% of sengon plantations in Tanggul watershed have moderate to very high erosion hazard level with an average erosion yield at 257.49 tons/hectares/year. While simulation of scenario 1st, 2nd and 3 rd intercropping conservation model resulting erosion yield 158.2; 131.8; and 97.7 tons/hectares/year respectively. In this case, 3rd scenario is effective to reduce erosion yield to low level of erosion hazard level by 65% of total plantations. However, other conservation model still needed to be added in the sengon plantation to reduce erosion in low hazard level.
{"title":"SOIL CONSERVATION MODEL USING INTERCROPING SENGONCOFFEE METHOD TO REDUCE EROSION YIELD","authors":"I. Andriyani, Heru Ernanda, S. Soekarno, E. Novita, R. Hidayat","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.25","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand of sengon wood (paraserianthes falcataria) as an industrial material that has high price in East Java province, especially in Jember district leads to increase deforestation on people forest as well as land use land cover change (LULCC) on agriculture areas. Study on Tanggul watershed which is the one of three biggest watersheds in Jember where LULCC into sengon plantations shown that erosion yields on sengon plantations was dominating by medium to very high erosion hazard level. The identification and conservation method used in this study is RUSLE and the conservation model used is sengon-coffee intercropping. The effeciveness criteria used is erosion yield on the field decreases until low level of erosion hazard level (below 60 tons/hectares/year). The 208 samples of sengon plantations were used to identify erosion yield and the results show that 75.9% of sengon plantations in Tanggul watershed have moderate to very high erosion hazard level with an average erosion yield at 257.49 tons/hectares/year. While simulation of scenario 1st, 2nd and 3 rd intercropping conservation model resulting erosion yield 158.2; 131.8; and 97.7 tons/hectares/year respectively. In this case, 3rd scenario is effective to reduce erosion yield to low level of erosion hazard level by 65% of total plantations. However, other conservation model still needed to be added in the sengon plantation to reduce erosion in low hazard level.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":"63 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41295464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.18
D. Pelasula, S. Wouthuyzen, W. Waileruny, Adam Rubamlifar, F. D. Hukom, Caleb Matuankota
"The sub-district of East Seram (SBT) is the oldest district in the East Seram Regency, Maluku Province, Indonesia. Ninety percent of this area is covered by the sea with 3 unique tropical coastal ecosystems, namely mangroves, seagrass, and coral reefs. This high productivity ecosystem provides various goods and environmental services in fisheries, tourism, and other industries. One of them is coastal resources such as Julung julung fish (Half-beak, Hemirhamphus spp) that use this ecosystem for their primary habitat. Unfortunately, little is known about the interaction between Julung-julung and their habitat. This paper aims to assess the changes of the coastal ecosystem of the SBT and their impact on Julung-julung resources. Two satellite images of Landsat-7 ETM+ (2001) and Sentinel-2A (2018) were analyzed to monitor the condition changes of mangrove and seagrass. Six habitat classes of sea, land vegetation, mangrove, dense, medium, and sparse seagrass were classified using isocluster analysis, validated using ground truth data collected during intensive field survey, and then the areas of each habitat class were calculated. From the period of 2001 to 2018, the areas of mangrove and seagrass have decreased from 1401.5 to 1118.8 ha, and from 3183.8 to 2509.4 ha, respectively. The decrease of mangroves was due to mangrove cutting for firewood that use to smoke Julung-julung, one of the famous fish products from the SBT, while mining dead coral for building materials in seagrass beds decreased their areas. Interview with experienced SBT’s fishers in catching Julung-julung showed that the population of this fish has decreased by about 30-50% within 20 years, which was most likely due to the impact of their habitat degradation. In contrast, the decrease of Julung-julung stocks in other province was mostly due to overfishing. Thus, maintaining, conserving, and revitalizing the mangrove and seagrass ecosystems in the SBT as the important habitat for the early life history of Julungjulung is inevitable, as well as it is necessary to immediately conduct in-depth study on biological and population dynamics of this fish, whose data is still lacking, so that the Julungjulung stocks can manage sustainably."
{"title":"THE CHANGES OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEM IN EAST SERAM DISTRICT, MALUKU PROVINCE, INDONESIA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE JULUNG-JULUNG FISH (Hemirhamphus sp) RESOURCES","authors":"D. Pelasula, S. Wouthuyzen, W. Waileruny, Adam Rubamlifar, F. D. Hukom, Caleb Matuankota","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.18","url":null,"abstract":"\"The sub-district of East Seram (SBT) is the oldest district in the East Seram Regency, Maluku Province, Indonesia. Ninety percent of this area is covered by the sea with 3 unique tropical coastal ecosystems, namely mangroves, seagrass, and coral reefs. This high productivity ecosystem provides various goods and environmental services in fisheries, tourism, and other industries. One of them is coastal resources such as Julung julung fish (Half-beak, Hemirhamphus spp) that use this ecosystem for their primary habitat. Unfortunately, little is known about the interaction between Julung-julung and their habitat. This paper aims to assess the changes of the coastal ecosystem of the SBT and their impact on Julung-julung resources. Two satellite images of Landsat-7 ETM+ (2001) and Sentinel-2A (2018) were analyzed to monitor the condition changes of mangrove and seagrass. Six habitat classes of sea, land vegetation, mangrove, dense, medium, and sparse seagrass were classified using isocluster analysis, validated using ground truth data collected during intensive field survey, and then the areas of each habitat class were calculated. From the period of 2001 to 2018, the areas of mangrove and seagrass have decreased from 1401.5 to 1118.8 ha, and from 3183.8 to 2509.4 ha, respectively. The decrease of mangroves was due to mangrove cutting for firewood that use to smoke Julung-julung, one of the famous fish products from the SBT, while mining dead coral for building materials in seagrass beds decreased their areas. Interview with experienced SBT’s fishers in catching Julung-julung showed that the population of this fish has decreased by about 30-50% within 20 years, which was most likely due to the impact of their habitat degradation. In contrast, the decrease of Julung-julung stocks in other province was mostly due to overfishing. Thus, maintaining, conserving, and revitalizing the mangrove and seagrass ecosystems in the SBT as the important habitat for the early life history of Julungjulung is inevitable, as well as it is necessary to immediately conduct in-depth study on biological and population dynamics of this fish, whose data is still lacking, so that the Julungjulung stocks can manage sustainably.\"","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46621546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.20
Jamilah Ahmed, B. Kathambi, R. Kibugi
Community Participation is fundamental for sustainable mangrove management which enhances environmental sustainability. This study analyses the setting of governance standards using policy frameworks. The study adopted a correlational research design and used a mixed methods approach. It shows awareness of policies supporting community participation in mangrove conservation was at 94.6%. The respondents who knew existing policies of the forest conservation and management act were at 27.80% closely followed by those with knowledge of local agreement with Kenya Forest Service at 25.40%, and those who practiced community/traditional by-laws at 21.80%. Notably, 18.40% of the respondents indicated knowledge of the national mangrove management plan while only 6.70% expressed awareness of the public participation law. Community participation is overly affected by gender perceptions in the education level, age, and knowledge of governance standards. The findings indicate 71% of women have not participated in setting governance standards as well as 69.20% of men. 81% of respondents disagree with the existence of county government policies in mangrove conservation. There is a lack of enough participation in setting governance standards towards the existing policy framework, affecting mangrove management.
{"title":"POLICY PERSPECTIVE ON GOVERNANCE STANDARDS SETTING USING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION FOR SUSTAINABLE MANGROVE MANAGEMENT IN LAMU KENYA","authors":"Jamilah Ahmed, B. Kathambi, R. Kibugi","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.20","url":null,"abstract":"Community Participation is fundamental for sustainable mangrove management which enhances environmental sustainability. This study analyses the setting of governance standards using policy frameworks. The study adopted a correlational research design and used a mixed methods approach. It shows awareness of policies supporting community participation in mangrove conservation was at 94.6%. The respondents who knew existing policies of the forest conservation and management act were at 27.80% closely followed by those with knowledge of local agreement with Kenya Forest Service at 25.40%, and those who practiced community/traditional by-laws at 21.80%. Notably, 18.40% of the respondents indicated knowledge of the national mangrove management plan while only 6.70% expressed awareness of the public participation law. Community participation is overly affected by gender perceptions in the education level, age, and knowledge of governance standards. The findings indicate 71% of women have not participated in setting governance standards as well as 69.20% of men. 81% of respondents disagree with the existence of county government policies in mangrove conservation. There is a lack of enough participation in setting governance standards towards the existing policy framework, affecting mangrove management.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46382716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.14
T. Panyok
The development of artistic education was carried out on the basis of Ukrainian culture and art, the personal significance of the traditions of art for students’ art and the artistic and pedagogical approaches of teachers. The training was based on the national and cultural consciousness of the students, the complex system of artistic training of the specialist was applied, the main principles of which were systematicity, consistency, structure, clear definition of the artistic purpose, connection with social life, development of creative individuality. Following the study of the art education historic experience, the paper confirms the significance and specifics of pedagogical approaches of the 20th century art teachers (М. Boichuk, V. Krychevsky, F. Krychevsky, H. Narbut), whose figures made up a bright and unique page in the modern Ukrainian art. The essential problems covered in the paper also include the analysis of historical and philosophical issues related to the development of higher art education.
{"title":"ART EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN EARLY 20TH CENTURY: EDUCATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR NEW FORMATION ARTISTS","authors":"T. Panyok","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.14","url":null,"abstract":"The development of artistic education was carried out on the basis of Ukrainian culture and art, the personal significance of the traditions of art for students’ art and the artistic and pedagogical approaches of teachers. The training was based on the national and cultural consciousness of the students, the complex system of artistic training of the specialist was applied, the main principles of which were systematicity, consistency, structure, clear definition of the artistic purpose, connection with social life, development of creative individuality. Following the study of the art education historic experience, the paper confirms the significance and specifics of pedagogical approaches of the 20th century art teachers (М. Boichuk, V. Krychevsky, F. Krychevsky, H. Narbut), whose figures made up a bright and unique page in the modern Ukrainian art. The essential problems covered in the paper also include the analysis of historical and philosophical issues related to the development of higher art education.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42459821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.02
Pınar Tabak, B. Y. Büyükakinci
Restoration interventions aims at conserving heritage structures. Different situations may occur during restoration works comparing to standard construction works. These differences may cause special risks for workers and the structure itself. Risk analysis is widely used in restoration field in the world as a work plan routine. Definite division between restoration and standard works hasn’t been defined in Turkey. Aim of the study is revealing what kind of different risks restoration works carry, creating awareness and making recommendations for avoiding these risks. As method of this study, Fine Kinney Method was chosen. The risk factor was obtained by using probability, severity and frequency values. Listed masonry houses from Fatih district were chosen. The region is composed of civil architectural examples more densely comparing to whole Istanbul. The most important criteria is the fact that these houses are among the oldest masonry examples in Istanbul. They carry more risks with their current deterioration levels. The possible risks were listed and documented. The results were presented using Fine Kinney Method. Falling from height and partial collapse are found as main risks in restoration works. Risk levels and risk types of potential risks in restoration works show differences than the standard construction applications.
{"title":"RISK ANALYSIS OF RESTORATION WORKS BY FINE KINNEY METHOD: AN EVALUATION OVER MASONRY CIVIL ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES IN FATIH DISTRICT, ISTANBUL","authors":"Pınar Tabak, B. Y. Büyükakinci","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Restoration interventions aims at conserving heritage structures. Different situations may occur during restoration works comparing to standard construction works. These differences may cause special risks for workers and the structure itself. Risk analysis is widely used in restoration field in the world as a work plan routine. Definite division between restoration and standard works hasn’t been defined in Turkey. Aim of the study is revealing what kind of different risks restoration works carry, creating awareness and making recommendations for avoiding these risks. As method of this study, Fine Kinney Method was chosen. The risk factor was obtained by using probability, severity and frequency values. Listed masonry houses from Fatih district were chosen. The region is composed of civil architectural examples more densely comparing to whole Istanbul. The most important criteria is the fact that these houses are among the oldest masonry examples in Istanbul. They carry more risks with their current deterioration levels. The possible risks were listed and documented. The results were presented using Fine Kinney Method. Falling from height and partial collapse are found as main risks in restoration works. Risk levels and risk types of potential risks in restoration works show differences than the standard construction applications.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46211673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.06
Z. al Saad, Sana Azaizeh
Many objects in museum collections have no or inadequate information on their origin and archaeological evidence. These objects which are classified as unprovenanced or "Orphaned" represent a big ethical and technical challenge for the museums. Re-establishing the context of these objects by scientific research proves to be the best option for museums. This study main aim is to present a testing protocol that can be used to reestablish the context and determining the provenance of unprovenanced museum objects. The testing protocol was applied on a rare copper-based cauldron from the collection of the Museum of Jordanian Heritage. The object rough date, function, provenance and manufacturing technology were determined by employing an array of scientific techniques: Optical microscopy inductively coupled plasma, optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), reflected microscopy and lead isotopes analysis. The obtained results enabled the museum to transfer the object from the neglect of the storeroom to its main exhibition hall.
{"title":"RE-ESTABLISHING CONTEXT OF \"ORPHANED\" MUSEUM OBJECTS THROUGH SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION. A CASE STUDY FROM THE MUSEUM OF JORDANIAN HERITAGE","authors":"Z. al Saad, Sana Azaizeh","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Many objects in museum collections have no or inadequate information on their origin and archaeological evidence. These objects which are classified as unprovenanced or \"Orphaned\" represent a big ethical and technical challenge for the museums. Re-establishing the context of these objects by scientific research proves to be the best option for museums. This study main aim is to present a testing protocol that can be used to reestablish the context and determining the provenance of unprovenanced museum objects. The testing protocol was applied on a rare copper-based cauldron from the collection of the Museum of Jordanian Heritage. The object rough date, function, provenance and manufacturing technology were determined by employing an array of scientific techniques: Optical microscopy inductively coupled plasma, optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), reflected microscopy and lead isotopes analysis. The obtained results enabled the museum to transfer the object from the neglect of the storeroom to its main exhibition hall.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41435526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.13
Ga Yeong Ryu, Young Kyun Kim, K. Han
Among the traditional dancheong pigments, orpiment and lead white have problems such as toxic properties, unstable supply and demand, and low color stability. Therefore, alternative methods are needed. This study attempted to solve these problems by reducing the amount of orpiment and lead white by mixing other pigments. The specimens were prepared by mixing orpiment with two types of yellow ochre and one each of oyster shell white and white clay. Lead white was mixed with three types of oyster shell white and white clay. Surface changes, chromaticity, and peeling characteristics were observed. When orpiment was mixed with white pigments, the mixture showed a relatively similar to the orpiment color, compared to when mixed with yellow ochre. When orpiment inside the film was discolored, however, the yellow index was reduced by 20 at most, showing a high color difference value. When orpiment was mixed with yellow ochre (5:5), the mixture was observed to have relatively high chromatic stability and durability, compared to when orpiment was solely used. Until the lowest mixing ratio (2:8), showing a similar color to the lead white. Particularly, the more similar the brightness value of white pigments used was to that of lead white, the closer the mixtures became to the chromatic range of lead white. But they showed different aspects of discoloration and peeling, depending on the mixing ratio of media.
{"title":"A Study on the Alternative Method according to the Mixing of Traditional Material Dancheong Pigment: Focusing on Orpiment and Lead White","authors":"Ga Yeong Ryu, Young Kyun Kim, K. Han","doi":"10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.13","url":null,"abstract":"Among the traditional dancheong pigments, orpiment and lead white have problems such as toxic properties, unstable supply and demand, and low color stability. Therefore, alternative methods are needed. This study attempted to solve these problems by reducing the amount of orpiment and lead white by mixing other pigments. The specimens were prepared by mixing orpiment with two types of yellow ochre and one each of oyster shell white and white clay. Lead white was mixed with three types of oyster shell white and white clay. Surface changes, chromaticity, and peeling characteristics were observed. When orpiment was mixed with white pigments, the mixture showed a relatively similar to the orpiment color, compared to when mixed with yellow ochre. When orpiment inside the film was discolored, however, the yellow index was reduced by 20 at most, showing a high color difference value. When orpiment was mixed with yellow ochre (5:5), the mixture was observed to have relatively high chromatic stability and durability, compared to when orpiment was solely used. Until the lowest mixing ratio (2:8), showing a similar color to the lead white. Particularly, the more similar the brightness value of white pigments used was to that of lead white, the closer the mixtures became to the chromatic range of lead white. But they showed different aspects of discoloration and peeling, depending on the mixing ratio of media.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74513500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.05
Hee Jeong Park, T. Lee, Se Rin Park, Myoung Nam Kim
This study aimed to relieve the stress on outdoor stone cultural heritages that undergo frequent re-conservation treatment owing to the surface change and discoloration of treated areas. To this end, we selected and prepared 19 types of silica fillers as research samples. Half of the surface of each sample was processed, and the accelerated aging test was conducted in accordance with KS M ISO 4892-2. Changes in chromaticity, luster, powderization, pore and crack formation, and roughened surface bluntness depending on the type of silica powder and surface processing applied were determined before and after the test. Comparative studies revealed that the roughened surface of the filler sample made of high-quality amorphous silica (A1), which was mixed with angular and spherical particles, had excellent color and luster stability, with a ◿E*ab of 0.54 (Mean: 9.91) and ◿GU of –0.07 (M: 25.10) respectively; changes in its other properties were negligible. The results of this research indicate that the sustainability of treated areas can be extended by applying favorable conditions during conservation treatment.
本研究旨在缓解因处理区域表面变化和变色而频繁进行再保护处理的室外石质文化遗产所面临的压力。为此，我们选取并制备了19种二氧化硅填料作为研究样品。每个样品处理一半表面，并按照KS M ISO 4892-2进行加速老化试验。在测试前后测定了色度、光泽、粉化、孔隙和裂纹形成以及粗糙表面钝度的变化，这取决于硅粉的类型和表面处理。对比研究表明，以优质非晶态二氧化硅(A1)为填料样品，经角状颗粒和球形颗粒混合后的粗化表面具有优异的颜色和光泽稳定性，其 E*ab为0.54 (Mean: 9.91)， GU为-0.07 (M: 25.10);其他性质的变化可以忽略不计。研究结果表明，在保护治理过程中，利用有利条件可以延长治理区域的可持续性。
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Surface Change by Silica Filler of Epoxy Resin Used for Conservation Treatment of Stone Cultural Heritage","authors":"Hee Jeong Park, T. Lee, Se Rin Park, Myoung Nam Kim","doi":"10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to relieve the stress on outdoor stone cultural heritages that undergo frequent re-conservation treatment owing to the surface change and discoloration of treated areas. To this end, we selected and prepared 19 types of silica fillers as research samples. Half of the surface of each sample was processed, and the accelerated aging test was conducted in accordance with KS M ISO 4892-2. Changes in chromaticity, luster, powderization, pore and crack formation, and roughened surface bluntness depending on the type of silica powder and surface processing applied were determined before and after the test. Comparative studies revealed that the roughened surface of the filler sample made of high-quality amorphous silica (A1), which was mixed with angular and spherical particles, had excellent color and luster stability, with a ◿E*ab of 0.54 (Mean: 9.91) and ◿GU of –0.07 (M: 25.10) respectively; changes in its other properties were negligible. The results of this research indicate that the sustainability of treated areas can be extended by applying favorable conditions during conservation treatment.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88805391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.04
J. Choi, Bom Sok Kim, Myung Jin Kim, M. Han
We analyzed the characteristics of white porcelain fired at different temperatures (800, 1200, 1350℃) by measuring changes in thermal luminescence(TL) and multi-wavelength (IR, orange, green, blue, UVA) optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) signal. White porcelain fired at 800℃ showed high intensity TL signals over a wide temperature range of 100 to 400℃, whereas white porcelain fired at 1200 and 1350℃ showed TL peaks at 100 and 210℃. Moreover, the OSL signals of white porcelain fired at 800℃, increased linearly according to the amount of irradiation, under IR, orange, green, blue and UVA stimulation. However, the OSL signals of white porcelain fired at 1200℃ increased linearly only under blue and UVA stimulation, while those of white porcelain fired at 1350℃ increased linearly only under UVA stimulation. In general, the strength of the TL/OSL signal was weakened as the firing temperature increased, which seems to be due to the vitrification caused by the high-temperature firing process. Therefore, it was found that it is important to select the optical stimulation source of the proper wavelength during TL/OSL dating to white porcelain.
{"title":"Characteristics of TL Signal and Multi-wavelength OSL Signal against Firing Temperature of White Porcelain","authors":"J. Choi, Bom Sok Kim, Myung Jin Kim, M. Han","doi":"10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.04","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the characteristics of white porcelain fired at different temperatures (800, 1200, 1350℃) by measuring changes in thermal luminescence(TL) and multi-wavelength (IR, orange, green, blue, UVA) optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) signal. White porcelain fired at 800℃ showed high intensity TL signals over a wide temperature range of 100 to 400℃, whereas white porcelain fired at 1200 and 1350℃ showed TL peaks at 100 and 210℃. Moreover, the OSL signals of white porcelain fired at 800℃, increased linearly according to the amount of irradiation, under IR, orange, green, blue and UVA stimulation. However, the OSL signals of white porcelain fired at 1200℃ increased linearly only under blue and UVA stimulation, while those of white porcelain fired at 1350℃ increased linearly only under UVA stimulation. In general, the strength of the TL/OSL signal was weakened as the firing temperature increased, which seems to be due to the vitrification caused by the high-temperature firing process. Therefore, it was found that it is important to select the optical stimulation source of the proper wavelength during TL/OSL dating to white porcelain.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86818590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.10
Jae hwan Kim, Dal-Yong Kong
A comparative petrological study was conducted on the columnar joints of Guryongpo, Pohang, Yangnam, Gyeongju, and Gangdong-hwaam, Ulsan in the Cenozoic Miocene sedimentary basin. Horizontal columnar joints, in these columnar joints, are characteristically developed, and the cross-sectional shape of each columnar joint is predominantly quadrilateral and pentagonal in Guryongpo and Yangnam columnar joints, and pentagonal to hexagonal in Gangdong-hwaam columnar joint. As a result of XRF analysis, it was confirmed that Guryongpo columnar joint is andesite, Yangnam columnar joint is basalt, and Gangdong-hwaam columnar joint is basaltic andesite, all of which are sub-alkaline. They are easily distinguished because Guryongpo columnar joint contains small-sized plagioclase (1∼2 mm), while rather large plagioclase phenocrysts (several mm∼1 cm) are uniformly distributed both in Yangnam and Gangdong-hwaam columnar joints. The value of whole rock magnetic susceptibility (WRMS) are also well classified according to the rock composition. In addition, in the tectonic discriminant diagram, these columnar joints correspond to the orogeny zone and island-arc tholeiite regions of the orogeny, but the AFM diagram and WRMS analysis show that each columnar joint was formed from the different magmas.
{"title":"A Petrological Study of Columnar Joints with Geoheritage Value in the Cenozoic Sedimentary Basin, Korea","authors":"Jae hwan Kim, Dal-Yong Kong","doi":"10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2022.38.6.10","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative petrological study was conducted on the columnar joints of Guryongpo, Pohang, Yangnam, Gyeongju, and Gangdong-hwaam, Ulsan in the Cenozoic Miocene sedimentary basin. Horizontal columnar joints, in these columnar joints, are characteristically developed, and the cross-sectional shape of each columnar joint is predominantly quadrilateral and pentagonal in Guryongpo and Yangnam columnar joints, and pentagonal to hexagonal in Gangdong-hwaam columnar joint. As a result of XRF analysis, it was confirmed that Guryongpo columnar joint is andesite, Yangnam columnar joint is basalt, and Gangdong-hwaam columnar joint is basaltic andesite, all of which are sub-alkaline. They are easily distinguished because Guryongpo columnar joint contains small-sized plagioclase (1∼2 mm), while rather large plagioclase phenocrysts (several mm∼1 cm) are uniformly distributed both in Yangnam and Gangdong-hwaam columnar joints. The value of whole rock magnetic susceptibility (WRMS) are also well classified according to the rock composition. In addition, in the tectonic discriminant diagram, these columnar joints correspond to the orogeny zone and island-arc tholeiite regions of the orogeny, but the AFM diagram and WRMS analysis show that each columnar joint was formed from the different magmas.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90442517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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