Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.01
Ruba Seiseh, Abdulraouf Mayyas, H. al-Sababha, Wassef AL SEKHENEH, J. Popp
"This paper aims to analyze and evaluate the function of two types of ancient mortars in the bathhouse at al-Muwaqqar archaeological site in Jordan to promote the awareness level of cultural heritage conservation of ancient buildings and mortars in Jordan. The conservation of archaeological structures requires a thorough characterization and identification of the mortar components before carrying out the restoration, after the preserved results, and during the restoration process to decide how it responds. This work creates an experimental contribution through FTIR to study the influence of organic components on the mechanical performance of the mortar. The application of new techniques in terms of sustainability and compatibility is nowadays more and more important to preserve historical monuments, especially in the context of the increasing damage to the mortar joints in the al-Muwaqqar site. The paper presents new results concerning the identification of the binding materials of mortars, especially the organic parts as egg white or other organic components used in the bathhouse to connect the mosaics, and the collection of further information for compatibility challenges. The results will provide a new pioneering approach application in Jordan in the field of ancient restoration using mortar. The study concludes that it is easy to identify all the organic components of the mortar using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the different bands of the organic material supported by thermogravimetric analysis TGA/SEMEDX. The investigations of both methods have provided accurate information about the technology of mortar production and have indicated a proteinaceous additive in the mortar."
{"title":"FTIR AND THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANCIENT MORTAR FROM AL-AMUWAQQAR EARLY ISLAMIC BATHHOUSE IN JORDAN FOR CONSERVATION USE","authors":"Ruba Seiseh, Abdulraouf Mayyas, H. al-Sababha, Wassef AL SEKHENEH, J. Popp","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"\"This paper aims to analyze and evaluate the function of two types of ancient mortars in the bathhouse at al-Muwaqqar archaeological site in Jordan to promote the awareness level of cultural heritage conservation of ancient buildings and mortars in Jordan. The conservation of archaeological structures requires a thorough characterization and identification of the mortar components before carrying out the restoration, after the preserved results, and during the restoration process to decide how it responds. This work creates an experimental contribution through FTIR to study the influence of organic components on the mechanical performance of the mortar. The application of new techniques in terms of sustainability and compatibility is nowadays more and more important to preserve historical monuments, especially in the context of the increasing damage to the mortar joints in the al-Muwaqqar site. The paper presents new results concerning the identification of the binding materials of mortars, especially the organic parts as egg white or other organic components used in the bathhouse to connect the mosaics, and the collection of further information for compatibility challenges. The results will provide a new pioneering approach application in Jordan in the field of ancient restoration using mortar. The study concludes that it is easy to identify all the organic components of the mortar using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the different bands of the organic material supported by thermogravimetric analysis TGA/SEMEDX. The investigations of both methods have provided accurate information about the technology of mortar production and have indicated a proteinaceous additive in the mortar.\"","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49338637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.12
Jorge Edwin CÁRDENAS DE LA OSSA, Gloria Yaneth Flórezyepes, Diego HERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA
As a result of this research, it is proposed the incorporation of risk management as an environmental determinant in flood areas of the lower Sinú River basin for territorial planning. This was carried out through the analysis of the total flood risk, determining the threat and vulnerability of the target community, likewise, the risk drivers were identified under approaches of the integral analysis of holistic and systemic risk using a PAR model through which it is established the underlying reason, the dynamic relationship of the environment, the unsafe conditions of geography, and the socio-economic characterization of the community. In this way, it was not only obtained the analysis of the areas affected by the floods by identifying the causes and establishing a level of risk tolerance, but also the risk factors with their effects in the study area. This highlighted the importance of developing immediate and priority activities in the study area
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN TERRITORIAL PLANNING IN AREAS SUSCEPTIBLE TO SLOW FLOODING. CASE STUDY RURAL SETTLEMENT “EL PLAYÓN” BAJO SINÚ (CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA).","authors":"Jorge Edwin CÁRDENAS DE LA OSSA, Gloria Yaneth Flórezyepes, Diego HERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.12","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of this research, it is proposed the incorporation of risk management as an environmental determinant in flood areas of the lower Sinú River basin for territorial planning. This was carried out through the analysis of the total flood risk, determining the threat and vulnerability of the target community, likewise, the risk drivers were identified under approaches of the integral analysis of holistic and systemic risk using a PAR model through which it is established the underlying reason, the dynamic relationship of the environment, the unsafe conditions of geography, and the socio-economic characterization of the community. In this way, it was not only obtained the analysis of the areas affected by the floods by identifying the causes and establishing a level of risk tolerance, but also the risk factors with their effects in the study area. This highlighted the importance of developing immediate and priority activities in the study area","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42450471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.23
Khoudir Khellaf, El-Yamine Guergueb, S. Haddad
This work consists of analyzing the Barn Swallows nest’s soil (Hirundo Rustica) which was nested in the northeastern Algeria, particularly in the Mila region (Beinen), the Guelma region (Town-Center and Bouchegouf) and, the Oum El Bouaghi region (Ain el Baida). This species of birds uses different materials to build their nests, whose main component is the existing meadow soil. This study is contributes to knowing the bird strategy on nest building and materials chosen in it. From there, we have done weight chemical analysis according to the Vatan model; the results obtained are represented in the Czerminski diagram; for the organic matter quantification, we have used Walkley and Blacket method, and ecological analysis was according to ANOVA model. The weight chemical analysis results showed us loamy sandstone or marly sandstone soil type on the Northside of the study area (Mila region) and marly sandstone, sandy-marly loams, marl, and marly-sandy limestones on the Southside of the study area (Guelma and Oum El Baouaghi region), the organic matter analysis results showed non-aggressive soils and the ecological analyzes revealed a significant difference between the nest’s compositions of each region except for the loam which has an F = 1.4857 and P = 0.2681. So, the Barn Swallows have a very precise strategy in choosing construction materials for their nests. For that, we recommend to characterize those construction materials by other studies (plasticity, mechanical resistance, mineralogy etc.).
这项工作包括分析Barn Swallows巢穴的土壤（Hirundo Rustica），该巢穴位于阿尔及利亚东北部，特别是米拉地区（Beinen）、盖尔马地区（Town Center和Bouchegouf）和Oum El Bouaghi地区（Ain El Baida）。这种鸟类使用不同的材料筑巢，其主要成分是现有的草地土壤。本研究有助于了解鸟类的筑巢策略和材料选择。在此基础上，我们根据Vatan模型进行了重量化学分析；所获得的结果用Czerminski图表示；对于有机质的定量，我们使用了Walkley和Blacket方法，并根据ANOVA模型进行了生态分析。重量化学分析结果显示，研究区北侧（Mila地区）为泥质砂岩或泥灰砂岩土壤类型，研究区南侧（Guelma和Oum El Baouaghi地区）为泥灰砂岩、砂质泥灰岩壤土、泥灰岩和泥灰砂质石灰岩，有机质分析结果显示非侵蚀性土壤，生态分析显示除F=1.4857和P=0.2681的壤土外，每个地区的巢穴组成之间存在显著差异。因此，仓燕在选择巢穴建筑材料时有一个非常精确的策略。为此，我们建议通过其他研究（塑性、机械阻力、矿物学等）来表征这些建筑材料。
{"title":"SOIL ANALYSIS OF BARN SWALLOW (HIRUNDO RUSTICA) NEST’S (NORTHEASTERN OF ALGERIA)","authors":"Khoudir Khellaf, El-Yamine Guergueb, S. Haddad","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.23","url":null,"abstract":"This work consists of analyzing the Barn Swallows nest’s soil (Hirundo Rustica) which was nested in the northeastern Algeria, particularly in the Mila region (Beinen), the Guelma region (Town-Center and Bouchegouf) and, the Oum El Bouaghi region (Ain el Baida). This species of birds uses different materials to build their nests, whose main component is the existing meadow soil. This study is contributes to knowing the bird strategy on nest building and materials chosen in it. From there, we have done weight chemical analysis according to the Vatan model; the results obtained are represented in the Czerminski diagram; for the organic matter quantification, we have used Walkley and Blacket method, and ecological analysis was according to ANOVA model. The weight chemical analysis results showed us loamy sandstone or marly sandstone soil type on the Northside of the study area (Mila region) and marly sandstone, sandy-marly loams, marl, and marly-sandy limestones on the Southside of the study area (Guelma and Oum El Baouaghi region), the organic matter analysis results showed non-aggressive soils and the ecological analyzes revealed a significant difference between the nest’s compositions of each region except for the loam which has an F = 1.4857 and P = 0.2681. So, the Barn Swallows have a very precise strategy in choosing construction materials for their nests. For that, we recommend to characterize those construction materials by other studies (plasticity, mechanical resistance, mineralogy etc.).","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43986554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.05
A. Nadolny, Y. Ivashko, Katarzyna Słuchocka, Ioan Gabriel Sandu, Przemysław Bigaj
"The concept of the post-war reconstruction of many Eastern European cities, shaped as a result of the actions of German town planners at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, in many cases consisted of negation, non-continuation or abandonment of previously set development directions. The subject of studies in this text will be the city of Poznań, which continued to develop in the post-war period on the basis of spatial arrangement created as a result of actions of Joseph Stübben in the years 1902-1918.The post-war reconstruction of the city after 1945 preserved its main urban layout created during the modernization period with the participation of a German town planner. The structure of the city preserved in this way consisted mainly of multi-family residential buildings. Urban planning and architectural activities as part of the reconstruction of the city after 1945 were aimed at continuing this concept. A critical analysis of these activities is planned in the following text. Housing construction was an important matter in the period of socialism in Eastern Europe, which on the one hand, supported propaganda activities, but on the other hand, increased the prestige of the authorities, which contributed funds to building new houses for the so-called ""working class"". ""The investor on behalf of the state were housing cooperatives, which were responsible for the preparation of project documentation, which was ordered from state design offices. The post-war reconstruction of the city of Poznań, with the use of complementary buildings, became an interesting experimental field for architects and town planners. The research presented in the text will aim to refer to the creative attitudes of the time, as well as to confront the activities on these issues carried out during the communist period and in the post-1989 period. The aforementioned urban and architectural activities can be treated as an important element of the concept of heritage protection, seen through the prism of over 100 years of history of the concept of a modern city created by Joseph Stübben at the beginning of the 20th century."
{"title":"IN-FILL DEVELOPMENT ARCHITECTURE, AS ELEMENT OF POST SECOND WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF CITY OF POZNAN. CASE STUDY OF JOSEPH STÜBBEN’S EXTENSION PLAN OF THE CITY FROM YEARS 1902-1918.","authors":"A. Nadolny, Y. Ivashko, Katarzyna Słuchocka, Ioan Gabriel Sandu, Przemysław Bigaj","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"\"The concept of the post-war reconstruction of many Eastern European cities, shaped as a result of the actions of German town planners at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, in many cases consisted of negation, non-continuation or abandonment of previously set development directions. The subject of studies in this text will be the city of Poznań, which continued to develop in the post-war period on the basis of spatial arrangement created as a result of actions of Joseph Stübben in the years 1902-1918.The post-war reconstruction of the city after 1945 preserved its main urban layout created during the modernization period with the participation of a German town planner. The structure of the city preserved in this way consisted mainly of multi-family residential buildings. Urban planning and architectural activities as part of the reconstruction of the city after 1945 were aimed at continuing this concept. A critical analysis of these activities is planned in the following text. Housing construction was an important matter in the period of socialism in Eastern Europe, which on the one hand, supported propaganda activities, but on the other hand, increased the prestige of the authorities, which contributed funds to building new houses for the so-called \"\"working class\"\". \"\"The investor on behalf of the state were housing cooperatives, which were responsible for the preparation of project documentation, which was ordered from state design offices. The post-war reconstruction of the city of Poznań, with the use of complementary buildings, became an interesting experimental field for architects and town planners. The research presented in the text will aim to refer to the creative attitudes of the time, as well as to confront the activities on these issues carried out during the communist period and in the post-1989 period. The aforementioned urban and architectural activities can be treated as an important element of the concept of heritage protection, seen through the prism of over 100 years of history of the concept of a modern city created by Joseph Stübben at the beginning of the 20th century.\"","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45161754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.22
M. Asril, Y. Lisafitri, A. Niswati, S. R. Dirmawati, R. H. Wibowo
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element needed by plants. The presence of phosphorus in the environment, especially soil in the form of bound phosphates. This condition can be affected by the acidity of the soil. Available phosphates can be released by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. EF.NAP 1 isolate is a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria that has been successfully isolated from acid soil in the area of the Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia, and potency as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Based on the results of identification using the 16S rRNA gene, EF.NAP 1 isolates has similarities with Burkholderia territorii. These isolates were able to dissolve phosphate of 104.7 mg/L. P dissolution correlates with the growth phase of bacterial cells. During the phosphate dissolution process, the pH of the medium continues to increase, inversely proportional to the concept in general. The EF.NAP 1 isolate is able to produce six organic acids, i.e, acetic (339.14 mg/L), lactic (260.97 (mg/L), malic (133.24 mg/L), formic (31.52 mg/L), fumaric (19.31 mg/L) and tartaric acids (19.13 mg/L). B. territorii can produce IAA, nitrogenase, siderophore, HCN, chitinase, protease, and cellulose. The potency of B. territorii EF.NAP 1 as phosphate solubilizing bacteria and PGPB properties that have not been reported by others.
{"title":"THE POTENTIAL OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING AND PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS OF Burkholderia territorii EF. NAP 1 ISOLATED FROM ACID SOILS FOR THE CONSERVATION OF FORMERLY RUBBER PLANTATION LAND","authors":"M. Asril, Y. Lisafitri, A. Niswati, S. R. Dirmawati, R. H. Wibowo","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.22","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is an essential element needed by plants. The presence of phosphorus in the environment, especially soil in the form of bound phosphates. This condition can be affected by the acidity of the soil. Available phosphates can be released by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. EF.NAP 1 isolate is a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria that has been successfully isolated from acid soil in the area of the Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia, and potency as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Based on the results of identification using the 16S rRNA gene, EF.NAP 1 isolates has similarities with Burkholderia territorii. These isolates were able to dissolve phosphate of 104.7 mg/L. P dissolution correlates with the growth phase of bacterial cells. During the phosphate dissolution process, the pH of the medium continues to increase, inversely proportional to the concept in general. The EF.NAP 1 isolate is able to produce six organic acids, i.e, acetic (339.14 mg/L), lactic (260.97 (mg/L), malic (133.24 mg/L), formic (31.52 mg/L), fumaric (19.31 mg/L) and tartaric acids (19.13 mg/L). B. territorii can produce IAA, nitrogenase, siderophore, HCN, chitinase, protease, and cellulose. The potency of B. territorii EF.NAP 1 as phosphate solubilizing bacteria and PGPB properties that have not been reported by others.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42644050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.19
N. Serdiati, M. S. Nurdin, V. Hasan, D. F. Mokodongan, M. Safir
The aim of this study is to assess the population dynamics of medaka fish (Oryzias nigrimas) in Lake Poso. Three habitats of this fish were surveyed, including Watudilana waters, Tolambo village waters and Taipa village waters. Samples were collected at night using a petromax lamp to attract fish. The fishing gear used nets of 8 by 3 meters with a mesh size of 3 by 3 millimeters. A total of 685 individuals of medaka fish (Oryzias nigrimas) were used for population dynamics analysis. Standard length was used to compare the current size of the endemic medaka fish Oryzias nigrimas with its size 28 years ago, while total length was used to examine data on growth, mortality, exploitation rate, recruitment yield and potential reproductive ratio. The male to female sex ratio of this type of fish fluctuated each month, where females tended to be more abundant than males. The average length of this fish is smaller than the standard length in 1993. However, its average size is larger than the freshwater medaka species Oryzias asinua, Oryzias wolasi and Oryzias woworae from Southeast Sulawesi and Oryzias matanensis from Lake Sulaw Towuti. The mortality rate of the medaka fish Oryzias nigrimas is mainly caused by the presence of introduced species and overexploitation. Selectivity of fishing gear, especially by catching fish measuring more than 50.70 millimeters, is strongly recommended for the conservation effort of this fish species.
{"title":"POPULATION DYNAMIC OF ENDEMIC RICEFISH IN LAKE POSO IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION","authors":"N. Serdiati, M. S. Nurdin, V. Hasan, D. F. Mokodongan, M. Safir","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.19","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to assess the population dynamics of medaka fish (Oryzias nigrimas) in Lake Poso. Three habitats of this fish were surveyed, including Watudilana waters, Tolambo village waters and Taipa village waters. Samples were collected at night using a petromax lamp to attract fish. The fishing gear used nets of 8 by 3 meters with a mesh size of 3 by 3 millimeters. A total of 685 individuals of medaka fish (Oryzias nigrimas) were used for population dynamics analysis. Standard length was used to compare the current size of the endemic medaka fish Oryzias nigrimas with its size 28 years ago, while total length was used to examine data on growth, mortality, exploitation rate, recruitment yield and potential reproductive ratio. The male to female sex ratio of this type of fish fluctuated each month, where females tended to be more abundant than males. The average length of this fish is smaller than the standard length in 1993. However, its average size is larger than the freshwater medaka species Oryzias asinua, Oryzias wolasi and Oryzias woworae from Southeast Sulawesi and Oryzias matanensis from Lake Sulaw Towuti. The mortality rate of the medaka fish Oryzias nigrimas is mainly caused by the presence of introduced species and overexploitation. Selectivity of fishing gear, especially by catching fish measuring more than 50.70 millimeters, is strongly recommended for the conservation effort of this fish species.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47654128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.09
J. Czerniec, Krystian Kozioł, M. Jankowski, P. Lewińska, C. A. G. Santos, K. Maciuk
Landscape archaeology (archaeogeography) is a multidisciplinary study used by prehistorical, classic, and historical archaeologists. Archaeogeography deals with the study of how people have shaped and used their environment throughout history. It focuses on the relationship between the material culture of a given community and the changes it introduces in its spatial environment. Traditionally search for archaeological sites is mainly carried out using surface research, i.e., observation of ploughed fields in spring and autumn. However, the percentage ratio of the area covered by forests to the total area of the countries can reach up to even several dozen per cent. This is where archaeogeography aided with modern remote sensing data and processing techniques can be most useful. In this article, the authors describe the problems occurring while searching for anthropological objects in forest areas. In this first part of the two-part series, the authors present a non-invasive method based on widely available remote sensing and historical data that can be used for remote prospection or archaeological sides. The authors also present methods of field verification and critically describe the limitations and advantages of this method.
{"title":"HOW TO FIND THE UNDISCOVERED? ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS IN FOREST AREAS: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT METHODS","authors":"J. Czerniec, Krystian Kozioł, M. Jankowski, P. Lewińska, C. A. G. Santos, K. Maciuk","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Landscape archaeology (archaeogeography) is a multidisciplinary study used by prehistorical, classic, and historical archaeologists. Archaeogeography deals with the study of how people have shaped and used their environment throughout history. It focuses on the relationship between the material culture of a given community and the changes it introduces in its spatial environment. Traditionally search for archaeological sites is mainly carried out using surface research, i.e., observation of ploughed fields in spring and autumn. However, the percentage ratio of the area covered by forests to the total area of the countries can reach up to even several dozen per cent. This is where archaeogeography aided with modern remote sensing data and processing techniques can be most useful. In this article, the authors describe the problems occurring while searching for anthropological objects in forest areas. In this first part of the two-part series, the authors present a non-invasive method based on widely available remote sensing and historical data that can be used for remote prospection or archaeological sides. The authors also present methods of field verification and critically describe the limitations and advantages of this method.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43441749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Between the 17th and 20th centuries, polychrome beeswax anatomical models played an important role in the transmission of anatomical knowledge thanks to the high degree of accuracy and realism they were able to achieve in the representation of the most delicate structures of the organism. However, due to the fragility of this material, some of these artefacts now survive in a rather precarious state of conservation. Due to the lack of consistency of some of the internal support structures, some of these figures have been damaged or their integrity has been seriously compromised. In this article we show a case of stabilisation using a polymethylmethacrylate support of a model from the Complutense Veterinary Museum, representing the head of a horse, which has suffered the loss of some parts and shows significant cracks and fractures due to the partial collapse of the internal metal framework. The methodology used was based essentially on the use of digital technologies, to minimise the handling of the work. Based on a virtual copy obtained by 3D scanning, a specific support that fits perfectly to the surface of the figure has been designed. Subsequently, some of the pieces were produced using 3D printing in order to subject them to functional and aesthetic tests and, finally, the support was manufactured using numerical control machining. The result meets the requirements of stability and minimum aesthetic impact."
{"title":"STABILIZATION OF AN ANATOMICAL WAX MODEL OF THE COMPLUTENSE VETERINARY MUSEUM WITH THE HELP OF 3D DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"Óscar Hernández-Muñoz, Emanuel Sterp Moga, Alicia Sánchez-Ortiz","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"\"Between the 17th and 20th centuries, polychrome beeswax anatomical models played an important role in the transmission of anatomical knowledge thanks to the high degree of accuracy and realism they were able to achieve in the representation of the most delicate structures of the organism. However, due to the fragility of this material, some of these artefacts now survive in a rather precarious state of conservation. Due to the lack of consistency of some of the internal support structures, some of these figures have been damaged or their integrity has been seriously compromised. In this article we show a case of stabilisation using a polymethylmethacrylate support of a model from the Complutense Veterinary Museum, representing the head of a horse, which has suffered the loss of some parts and shows significant cracks and fractures due to the partial collapse of the internal metal framework. The methodology used was based essentially on the use of digital technologies, to minimise the handling of the work. Based on a virtual copy obtained by 3D scanning, a specific support that fits perfectly to the surface of the figure has been designed. Subsequently, some of the pieces were produced using 3D printing in order to subject them to functional and aesthetic tests and, finally, the support was manufactured using numerical control machining. The result meets the requirements of stability and minimum aesthetic impact.\"","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48088273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.08
Aneta Pawłowska, A. Gralińska-Toborek, Piotr Gryglewski, O. Sleptsov, O. Ivashko, O. Molodid, Marek Oczatko
The article examines the artistic value, legal and conservation aspects of Banksy's murals created during the war in Ukraine. Currently, there are conflicting opinions both on the artistic value of street art and on how to preserve works of this type as works of art. As Banksy's works have become commercially important, there is a need to assess them in Ukraine, regarding legal aspects and the possibility of displaying them. The authors analyzed the problems of using these murals from the point of view of the law and structural possibilities, since the murals are made on dilapidated buildings.
{"title":"PROBLEMS OF EXPOSITIONS AND PROTECTION OF BANKSY’S MURALS IN UKRAINE","authors":"Aneta Pawłowska, A. Gralińska-Toborek, Piotr Gryglewski, O. Sleptsov, O. Ivashko, O. Molodid, Marek Oczatko","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the artistic value, legal and conservation aspects of Banksy's murals created during the war in Ukraine. Currently, there are conflicting opinions both on the artistic value of street art and on how to preserve works of this type as works of art. As Banksy's works have become commercially important, there is a need to assess them in Ukraine, regarding legal aspects and the possibility of displaying them. The authors analyzed the problems of using these murals from the point of view of the law and structural possibilities, since the murals are made on dilapidated buildings.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45702061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.21
M. S. Singh, J. Sethy, deepali chatrath
Wildlife trade, poaching and its use is characterized as wildlife crime, also it has become a global problem. The illegal wildlife trade is a increasing problem driven by the number of factors (e.g. alternative medicine, accessories and subsistence). High demand for illicit wildlife products is threatening the existence of many of the most of d species. Enquiring and investigating crime hotspots include analyzing the enforcement of law and seizure data, highlighting areas with high biodiversity has been studied here. In this present study, we have analyzed wildlife crime hotspot in different districts/ divisions of Uttar Pradesh, India from 2012 to 2021.Basically, we have extracted the data which include information on trafficking, illegal possessions, breaking hunting and poaching laws and exploitation, illegal scientific collections, and information from mass media. In results, study support the understanding that the reports of illegal trade are underestimates. This research helps to gain the understanding the exact reason to the problem. This study also supports to inform policies and strategies to combat the poaching and hunting activities that affect wildlife in regions with high biodiversity. Moreover, this also provides the first detailed state of assessment on illegal trade and hunting in Uttar Pradesh. The analysis done suggests trade in wildlife in protected areas of 12 districts of Uttar Pradesh and hike in trade of mammalian species, like Indian Pangolin, and leopard. In addition, the seizure reported more often in different districts and areas bordering Nepal, China, and gulf countries. This states that well-organized illegal wildlife trade and associations taking place in Uttar Pradesh and gulf countries act as both a source and a transit country.
{"title":"TRENDS AND PATTERNS OF ILLEGAL WILDLIFE HUNTING AND TRADING IN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA","authors":"M. S. Singh, J. Sethy, deepali chatrath","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.01.21","url":null,"abstract":"Wildlife trade, poaching and its use is characterized as wildlife crime, also it has become a global problem. The illegal wildlife trade is a increasing problem driven by the number of factors (e.g. alternative medicine, accessories and subsistence). High demand for illicit wildlife products is threatening the existence of many of the most of d species. Enquiring and investigating crime hotspots include analyzing the enforcement of law and seizure data, highlighting areas with high biodiversity has been studied here. In this present study, we have analyzed wildlife crime hotspot in different districts/ divisions of Uttar Pradesh, India from 2012 to 2021.Basically, we have extracted the data which include information on trafficking, illegal possessions, breaking hunting and poaching laws and exploitation, illegal scientific collections, and information from mass media. In results, study support the understanding that the reports of illegal trade are underestimates. This research helps to gain the understanding the exact reason to the problem. This study also supports to inform policies and strategies to combat the poaching and hunting activities that affect wildlife in regions with high biodiversity. Moreover, this also provides the first detailed state of assessment on illegal trade and hunting in Uttar Pradesh. The analysis done suggests trade in wildlife in protected areas of 12 districts of Uttar Pradesh and hike in trade of mammalian species, like Indian Pangolin, and leopard. In addition, the seizure reported more often in different districts and areas bordering Nepal, China, and gulf countries. This states that well-organized illegal wildlife trade and associations taking place in Uttar Pradesh and gulf countries act as both a source and a transit country.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43779273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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