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Couples' joint retirement by household type: Evidence from Finland 按家庭类型划分的夫妻共同退休:来自芬兰的证据
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12253
Mika Haapanen, Jaakko Pehkonen, Ville Seppälä

This study examines joint retirement in Finland. Employing a regression discontinuity design, the study leverages the exogenous variation provided by the eligibility age for earnings-related pensions. The analysis yields three key findings. First, reaching the eligibility age has a significant effect on an individual's retirement. Second, male spouses' retirement at the age of 63 has a spillover effect on their female spouses. Third, disaggregated analyses show that older spouses in low-income households delay their retirement, older male (female) spouses with female (male) primary earners postpone their retirement, and younger female spouses with male primary earners expedite their retirement.

本研究考察了芬兰的共同退休制度。采用回归不连续设计,研究利用外生变量提供的资格年龄与收入相关的养老金。分析得出了三个关键发现。首先,达到资格年龄对个人的退休有重大影响。第二,男性配偶在63岁退休对其女性配偶有溢出效应。第三,分类分析表明,低收入家庭中年龄较大的配偶推迟退休,女性(男性)主要收入者的年龄较大的男(女)配偶推迟退休,男性主要收入者的年龄较小的女性配偶加快退休。
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引用次数: 0
Work strains and disabilities in French workers: A career-long retrospective study 法国工人的工作压力和残疾:一项职业生涯回顾性研究
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12252
Thomas Barnay, Éric Defebvre

This study aims to estimate the causal impact of detrimental working conditions on the self-reported disabilities in France. Using a retrospective lifelong panel, we implement a mixed econometric strategy that relies on difference-in-differences and matching methods to take into account for selection biases as well as unobserved heterogeneity. Deleterious effects from exposure on disability are found, depending on the nature and magnitude of the strains. These results provide insights into the debate on legal retirement age postponement and justify policies being enacted early in individuals' careers, but also schemes that are more focused on psychosocial risk factors.

本研究旨在估计法国有害工作条件对自我报告残疾的因果影响。使用回顾性终身研究小组,我们实施了一种混合计量经济学策略,该策略依赖于差异中的差异和匹配方法,以考虑选择偏差和未观察到的异质性。暴露对残疾的有害影响取决于菌株的性质和大小。这些结果为关于法定退休年龄推迟的辩论提供了见解,并为在个人职业生涯早期制定政策提供了理由,但也为更关注社会心理风险因素的计划提供了理由。
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引用次数: 0
The link between routine tasks and job polarization: A task measurement problem? 日常任务和工作两极分化之间的联系:一个任务衡量问题?
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12251
Simon Walo

The routine task intensity of occupations is a concept frequently used to analyse the impact of technological change on employment. However, existing studies disagree on whether it can explain the observed job polarization in advanced economies. This article first shows that these seemingly contradictory results can be explained by the different routine task measurements used in these studies. Subsequently, the validity of these measurements is discussed. Preliminary results suggest that all measurements have conceptual weaknesses but that some appear more valid than others. Job polarization may therefore be explained by occupations' routine task intensity, but only to a limited extent.

职业的日常任务强度是一个经常用于分析技术变革对就业的影响的概念。然而,现有的研究对它是否可以解释发达经济体中观察到的就业两极分化存在分歧。本文首先表明,这些看似矛盾的结果可以通过这些研究中使用的不同常规任务测量来解释。随后,讨论了这些测量的有效性。初步结果表明,所有的测量都有概念上的弱点,但有些测量似乎比其他测量更有效。因此,工作极化可以用职业的日常任务强度来解释,但只是在有限的程度上。
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引用次数: 0
Career arduousness and instability: Both matter for health beyond 50 职业的艰辛和不稳定:两者都对50岁以上的健康至关重要
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12246
Vincent Vandenberghe

This paper explores the long-term consequences of career arduousness and career instability for both physical and mental health in the European context. One of its strengths is to link what happens during the entire career and the health status at an older age. The paper finds a positive link between career arduousness (i.e. the sum of job demands individuals have been exposed to during their entire career) and late-life mental and physical ill health, but also evidence that career instability (i.e. career gaps, job insecurity, displacements, unemployment spells) could matter as much as arduousness per se. And this has implications for pension policy inter alia.

本文探讨了在欧洲背景下,职业艰苦和职业不稳定对身心健康的长期影响。它的优势之一是将整个职业生涯中发生的事情与老年时的健康状况联系起来。论文发现,职业辛苦度(即个人在整个职业生涯中所面临的工作要求总和)与晚年身心健康状况之间存在正相关,但也有证据表明,职业不稳定性(即职业空白期、工作不安全感、流离失所、失业期)可能与辛苦度本身一样重要。这对养老金政策也有影响。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of periodic interviews on unemployment duration: Evidence from the 2017 Finnish reform 定期面试对失业时间的影响:来自2017年芬兰改革的证据
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12245
Jussi Huuskonen

In 2017, a Finnish policy reform intensified the Public Employment Services' practice of periodically interviewing unemployed jobseekers. This study used high-quality administrative data to analyse the effect of interviews on unemployment duration. We used a difference-in-differences approach that exploited regional variations in treatment intensity. Our results show that a 10 percentage point increase in interview probability increased the monthly hazard rate of employment by 3.1 per cent, with the effect being strongest among jobseekers aged 25–34 and jobseekers with a low education level. Also, our results demonstrate a strong effect on participation in active labour market programmes.

2017年,芬兰的一项政策改革加强了公共就业服务机构定期面试失业求职者的做法。这项研究使用了高质量的行政数据来分析面试对失业时间的影响。我们使用了差异中的差异方法,利用了治疗强度的区域差异。我们的研究结果表明,面试概率增加10个百分点,每月就业风险率增加3.1%,其中25-34岁的求职者和低教育水平的求职者的影响最大。此外,我们的研究结果表明,对参与积极的劳动力市场方案有很大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Wage differences according to workers' origin: The role of working more upstream in GVCs 根据工人出身的工资差异:在全球价值链中更上游工作的作用
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12244
Valentine Fays, Benoît Mahy, François Rycx

This article examines the impact of a firm's position in Global Value Chains (GVCs) on wages according to workers' origin. Based on a unique linked employer–employee dataset regarding the Belgian manufacturing industry covering the 2002–2010 timespan, our estimates show that firms that are more upstream in the value chain pay on average significantly higher wages. However, the wage premium associated with upstreamness is also found to be unequally shared among workers. Unconditional quantile regressions and decomposition methods suggest that high-wage workers born in developed countries benefit the most from being employed higher up the value chain, while workers born in developing countries appear to be unfairly rewarded.

本文根据工人的出身考察了企业在全球价值链中的地位对工资的影响。基于2002年至2010年比利时制造业的一个独特的雇主-雇员关联数据集,我们的估计表明,价值链上游的公司平均工资要高得多。然而,与上游相关的工资溢价也被发现在工人之间分配不均。无条件的分位数回归和分解方法表明,出生在发达国家的高薪工人从价值链上游的就业中受益最大,而出生在发展中国家的工人似乎得到了不公平的奖励。
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引用次数: 0
The birthplace bias of teleworking: Consequences for working conditions 远程办公的出生地偏见:对工作条件的影响
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12243
Eva Moreno Galbis, Felipe Trillos Carranza

The massive shift towards teleworking during the COVID pandemic relatively deteriorated working conditions of people occupying positions that could not be teleworked because they were more exposed to the risk of infection. Exploiting French data, we analyse the differential changes in sorting across occupations of immigrants and natives during years preceding the pandemic. Immigrants sorted relatively more into occupations intensive in non-routine manual tasks. These occupations cannot be teleworked. We find an increase in immigrants' sorting into occupations intensive in non-routine interactive and analytical tasks. However, in contrast with natives, immigrants were moving away from occupations intensively using new technologies.

COVID大流行期间向远程办公的大规模转变相对恶化了那些无法远程办公的人的工作条件,因为他们更容易受到感染的风险。利用法国的数据,我们分析了大流行前几年移民和本地人职业分类的差异变化。相对而言,移民更倾向于从事非常规体力劳动密集型的职业。这些职业不能远程办公。我们发现,越来越多的移民倾向于从事非常规的互动和分析任务。然而,与本地人相比,移民正在离开大量使用新技术的职业。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Korea's Non-regular Worker Protection Act on job satisfaction 韩国《非正规工人保护法》对工作满意度的影响
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12242
Koangsung Choi, Chung Choe, Yoo Bin Kim

Exploiting the exogenous introduction of the Non-regular Worker Protection Act on non-regular workers, this paper examines the impact of this law's enactment on workers' job satisfaction. Using the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study, we apply a difference-in-differences method combined with propensity score matching to confirm the common trends assumption and construct a comparable control group. We investigate workers' job satisfaction in terms of the following categories: satisfaction with wages, satisfaction with job stability, satisfaction with working conditions, and overall satisfaction. Our results indicate positive effects of the Non-regular Worker Protection Act on job satisfaction for all workers affected by the law, including those who converted from non-regular employment to regular employment.

本文以外生引入的《非正式工保护法》为研究对象,探讨该法律的颁布对非正式工工作满意度的影响。利用韩国劳动和收入面板研究,我们采用差异中差异法结合倾向得分匹配来确认共同趋势假设,并构建一个可比对照组。我们从以下几个方面调查了工人的工作满意度:对工资的满意度、对工作稳定性的满意度、对工作条件的满意度和总体满意度。我们的研究结果表明,《非正规工人保护法》对所有受该法律影响的工人的工作满意度产生了积极影响,包括那些从非正规就业转为正规就业的工人。
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引用次数: 1
The links between difficult working conditions and sickness absences in the case of French workers 就法国工人而言,艰苦的工作条件与病假之间的联系
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12241
Nathalie Havet HDR, PhD, Morgane Plantier PhD

This study empirically links objective measures of arduous working conditions and financial incentive indicators with sick leave use. We use a 2017 French survey on occupational hazards and sick leaves linked to information on the individual level of sick pay extracted from collective bargaining agreements. Our results show that physical constraints are not linked to short-term sick leave use whereas psychosocial constraints are significantly associated with more sick leave spells and a high cumulative number of sick days. Moreover, the relationship between sick pay and use seems ambiguous because of the heterogeneity in behavioural responses.

本研究实证地将艰苦工作条件和财务激励指标的客观衡量与病假使用联系起来。我们使用了2017年法国一项关于职业危害和病假的调查,该调查与从集体谈判协议中提取的个人病假工资水平相关。我们的研究结果表明,身体上的限制与短期病假使用无关,而社会心理上的限制与更多的病假时间和高累计病假天数显著相关。此外,由于行为反应的异质性,病假工资与使用之间的关系似乎不明确。
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引用次数: 0
Job satisfaction and firm earnings—Evidence from matched survey and register data 工作满意度和公司收益——来自匹配调查和登记数据的证据
IF 0.6 Q4 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1111/labr.12240
Nis Lydiksen, Andreas Gotfredsen, Jacob Ladenburg, Helle Stenbro

This study examines the relationship between employee job satisfaction and firm performance in a sample of Danish private sector firms. The study relies on a representative survey merged with administrative data and accounting information for a sample of 1,929 Danish firms representing all economic sectors. The results of this study suggest that the average job satisfaction on the firm level positively affects the firms' pre-tax earnings. The effect amounts to a 7.9% increase per point increase in job satisfaction when job satisfaction is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. Furthermore, the study finds that workers' satisfaction with achievements at the job and their satisfaction with management are specifically related to better performance.

本研究以丹麦私营企业为样本,探讨员工工作满意度与企业绩效之间的关系。这项研究依赖于一项具有代表性的调查,并结合了代表所有经济部门的1929家丹麦公司的行政数据和会计信息。本研究结果表明,企业层面的平均工作满意度对企业税前收益有正向影响。当工作满意度在0到10的范围内测量时,这种效应相当于工作满意度每增加一个点增加7.9%。此外,研究发现,员工对工作成就的满意度和他们对管理的满意度与更好的绩效特别相关。
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Labour-England
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