Labour-England最新文献

This study empirically links objective measures of arduous working conditions and financial incentive indicators with sick leave use. We use a 2017 French survey on occupational hazards and sick leaves linked to information on the individual level of sick pay extracted from collective bargaining agreements. Our results show that physical constraints are not linked to short-term sick leave use whereas psychosocial constraints are significantly associated with more sick leave spells and a high cumulative number of sick days. Moreover, the relationship between sick pay and use seems ambiguous because of the heterogeneity in behavioural responses.

This study examines the relationship between employee job satisfaction and firm performance in a sample of Danish private sector firms. The study relies on a representative survey merged with administrative data and accounting information for a sample of 1,929 Danish firms representing all economic sectors. The results of this study suggest that the average job satisfaction on the firm level positively affects the firms' pre-tax earnings. The effect amounts to a 7.9% increase per point increase in job satisfaction when job satisfaction is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. Furthermore, the study finds that workers' satisfaction with achievements at the job and their satisfaction with management are specifically related to better performance.

Over the last 25 years, the BRICs asserted themselves as drivers of globalization. But what does their new-found prominence mean for working conditions at home? Using a novel sub-national database covering outward investment linkages and working conditions in Brazilian municipalities, this study tests whether a direct investment in Europe leads to the introduction of decent working conditions in Brazil. The empirical results provide strong support for the investing-up effect using a mixture of panel data analysis and text analysis. The results suggest that economic integration with high-standard developed countries can act as a powerful mechanism for labor standard improvements in developing countries.

We conduct a decomposition analysis based on recentred influence function (RIF) regressions to disentangle the relative importance of automation and robotization for wage inequality in the manufacturing sector in Germany between 1996 and 2017. Our measure of automation threat combines occupation-specific scores of automation risk with sector-specific robot densities. We find that besides changes in the composition of individual characteristics, structural shifts among different automation threat groups are a non-negligible factor associated with wage inequality between 1996 and 2017. Moreover, the increase in wage dispersion among the different automation threat groups has contributed significantly to higher wage inequality in the 1990s and 2000s.

I consider the effects of legislation for conciliation and cooling-off periods, which were introduced in the Canadian Industrial Disputes and Investigation Act of 1907, on strike duration and person-days lost to strikes. I estimate the effects of this legislation on strike duration and persons-days lost to strikes using bargaining pair level data from 1901 to 1915 with a differences-in-difference model as well as an event study methodology. Both of these methodologies exploit variation in legislative coverage because there were some industries that were not covered by the legislation, and so were untreated.

Activation policies to promote self-sufficiency among recipients of welfare and other types of benefits are becoming more common in many welfare states. We evaluate a law change in Norway making welfare receipt conditional on participation in an activation program for all welfare recipients below the age of 30. Analysing the program's staggered implementation across municipalities with several modern event study estimators, we estimate that the law change had quite precise 0-effects on benefit receipt, work and education. We also do not find any effects on the probability of being out of work or of being in employment, education or labour market programs. Qualitative evidence suggests that the zero effect may be due to the law change only impacting the participation of recipients with low expected gain from activation.

We use the Italian Statistical Institute survey that comprises about 80,000 questionnaires representative of the overall population between 15 and 90 years old to estimate the impact of chronic migraine on absenteeism and labour productivity. Using an ordinary least squares method to determine the direct effect of chronic migraine on labour productivity, we show that a 10 per cent increase in the number of people with chronic migraine increases absenteeism by 11 per cent and reduces labour productivity by 1.1 per cent per year. However, the effects of chronic migraine on absenteeism and labour productivity vary substantially between regions and sectors. Also, the comorbidity of chronic migraine with other illnesses, especially psychological illnesses, contributes to decreasing labour productivity. Most important, the results obtained at the micro level are similar and even more robust at the macro level. The results refer to a specific country, but we claim they can apply to other countries.