Janus fabrics with moisture management enable directional water transport from the inner hydrophobic layer to the outer hydrophilic region, contributing to personalized moisture comfort. However, when the human body sweats profusely in high-temperature/high-humidity environments or during intense physical activities, current Janus fabrics encounter a daunting challenge of being saturated by sweat, generating unpleasant stuffiness and tight adhesion to the skin. Herein, inspired by the sweat glands in human skin, we propose an innovative “sweating fabric” with a uniquely patterned structure that features physical and chemical asymmetry, towards directional sweat accumulation and droplet rolling capabilities for high-performance personal moisture management. Unlike existing Janus fabrics where sweat permeates, spreads, and evaporates, our “sweating fabric” facilitates directional sweat transport to the outer surface where the sweat reaggregates into liquid droplets that drip off rather than spread or evaporate. By creatively constructing patterned water transport channels with asymmetric pore structure and wettability, each water transport channel of the “sweating fabric” has an outstanding directional water transport rate of 12.2 mL cm−2 min−1 while rendering sweat droplets to slide easily [sliding angle of (45 ± 2)°], which enables sustainable and swift sweat transport, thus opening ample opportunities for advanced fiber materials for wound care, biofluid monitoring, and microfluid control.
Graphical Abstract
具有水分管理功能的Janus织物能够从内部疏水层向外部亲水区域定向输送水分，有助于个性化的水分舒适度。然而，当人体在高温/高湿环境或激烈的体育活动中大量出汗时，目前的Janus面料遇到了一个令人生畏的挑战，即被汗水饱和，产生令人不快的闷热感，并与皮肤紧密粘附。在此，受人体皮肤汗腺的启发，我们提出了一种创新的“出汗织物”，它具有独特的图案结构，具有物理和化学不对称的特点，具有定向汗液积累和液滴滚动能力，可实现高性能的个人水分管理。与现有的Janus面料不同，汗水会渗透、扩散和蒸发，我们的“排汗面料”有助于汗水定向运输到外表面，在那里汗水重新聚集成液滴滴下，而不是扩散或蒸发。通过创造性地构建具有非对称孔隙结构和润湿性的图案输水通道，“出汗织物”的每个输水通道具有12.2 mL cm - 2 min - 1的定向输水速率，同时使汗滴易于滑动[滑动角为（45±2）°]，从而实现可持续和快速的汗液运输，从而为先进的纤维材料提供了大量的机会，用于伤口护理，生物流体监测和微流体控制。图形抽象
{"title":"Skin-Inspired “Sweating Fabrics” with Directional Water Accumulation and Droplet Rolling Behavior for High-Performance Personal Moisture Management","authors":"Doudou Zhu, Xin Jiang, Jingyi Sun, Jichao Zhang, Wen Zhou, Shaohai Fu","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00629-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00629-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Janus fabrics with moisture management enable directional water transport from the inner hydrophobic layer to the outer hydrophilic region, contributing to personalized moisture comfort. However, when the human body sweats profusely in high-temperature/high-humidity environments or during intense physical activities, current Janus fabrics encounter a daunting challenge of being saturated by sweat, generating unpleasant stuffiness and tight adhesion to the skin. Herein, inspired by the sweat glands in human skin, we propose an innovative “sweating fabric” with a uniquely patterned structure that features physical and chemical asymmetry, towards directional sweat accumulation and droplet rolling capabilities for high-performance personal moisture management. Unlike existing Janus fabrics where sweat permeates, spreads, and evaporates, our “sweating fabric” facilitates directional sweat transport to the outer surface where the sweat reaggregates into liquid droplets that drip off rather than spread or evaporate. By creatively constructing patterned water transport channels with asymmetric pore structure and wettability, each water transport channel of the “sweating fabric” has an outstanding directional water transport rate of 12.2 mL cm<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> while rendering sweat droplets to slide easily [sliding angle of (45 ± 2)°], which enables sustainable and swift sweat transport, thus opening ample opportunities for advanced fiber materials for wound care, biofluid monitoring, and microfluid control.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"370 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1007/s42765-025-00625-7
Hanbai Wu, Yang Ming, Shuo Shi, Chuanwei Zhi, Daming Chen, Xin Hu, Rujun Yu, Shuang Qiu, Hang Mei Leung, Jinlian Hu, Jooyoun Kim, Joanne Yip, Bin Fei
Smart textiles have emerged as a transformative class of materials that extend the role of conventional fabrics into personalized health management. This evolution is driven by the seamless integration of textiles with flexible electronics, enabling new paradigms in skin-interfaced systems. In the exploration of novel smart textiles for skin health, microorganisms living in the skin microenvironment necessitate consideration. Skin microbiomes are essential to skin homeostasis and balance the barrier to infection. Moreover, microbes have been extensively explored as functional components in skin health monitoring and therapeutic devices. In this review, the distribution of skin microbes, interactions between host and resident microbiota, and mechanisms of microbial functions in the skin microenvironment are introduced systematically. In addition, recent progress in skin-based flexible devices for health management, and design and fabrication methods for smart textiles are discussed. However, some challenges still exist in association with the integration of microbes into smart textiles, such as the biosafety of microbes, long-term storage, and activation. This review provides a summary of innovative technologies including microencapsulation, synthetic biology, optogenetics, and artificial intelligence for microbe-integrated smart textiles. Next-generation smart textiles will hold significant promise for precision skin disease diagnostics, personalized therapeutics, skin status monitoring, and intelligence regulation.
{"title":"Smart Textiles with Living Interfaces: Microbiome–Electronics Integration for Advanced Skin Health Management","authors":"Hanbai Wu, Yang Ming, Shuo Shi, Chuanwei Zhi, Daming Chen, Xin Hu, Rujun Yu, Shuang Qiu, Hang Mei Leung, Jinlian Hu, Jooyoun Kim, Joanne Yip, Bin Fei","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00625-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00625-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Smart textiles have emerged as a transformative class of materials that extend the role of conventional fabrics into personalized health management. This evolution is driven by the seamless integration of textiles with flexible electronics, enabling new paradigms in skin-interfaced systems. In the exploration of novel smart textiles for skin health, microorganisms living in the skin microenvironment necessitate consideration. Skin microbiomes are essential to skin homeostasis and balance the barrier to infection. Moreover, microbes have been extensively explored as functional components in skin health monitoring and therapeutic devices. In this review, the distribution of skin microbes, interactions between host and resident microbiota, and mechanisms of microbial functions in the skin microenvironment are introduced systematically. In addition, recent progress in skin-based flexible devices for health management, and design and fabrication methods for smart textiles are discussed. However, some challenges still exist in association with the integration of microbes into smart textiles, such as the biosafety of microbes, long-term storage, and activation. This review provides a summary of innovative technologies including microencapsulation, synthetic biology, optogenetics, and artificial intelligence for microbe-integrated smart textiles. Next-generation smart textiles will hold significant promise for precision skin disease diagnostics, personalized therapeutics, skin status monitoring, and intelligence regulation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"34 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42765-025-00625-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous wound healing micro-environment regulation and timely angiogenesis modulation are crucial for preventing excessive collagen accumulation and promoting scarless wound healing. Herein, a bilayer silk fibroin (SF)-based Janus adhesive dressing (SCE) was developed, featuring a lower layer of Ca2+/Zn2+-modified silk fibroin (SCZ) and an upper layer of silk fibroin core–shell electrospun fibers with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) encapsulated in the core (SE). The Ca2+/Zn2+ modification induced decrystallization of the SF, thereby conferring strong tissue adhesion to the lower SCZ layer and providing rapid hemostasis and initial anti-inflammatory effects upon wound contact. The macro (double layers) and micro (core–shell) dual design enabled EGCG to be slowly released during the early healing stage, exerting both antioxidant and synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in conjunction with Zn2+. With complete absorption of the lower layer and degradation of the shell of the upper layer, substantial amounts of EGCG were continuously released to inhibit angiogenesis during the later healing stages. In vivo studies employing both rat full-thickness skin wound models and rabbit ear scar models further confirmed the potential of SCE to promote scarless wound healing by combining early-stage hemostatic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties with late-stage angiogenesis braking to reduce vascular density and blood supply, thereby allowing extracellular matrix remodeling and preventing collagen overproduction and deposition.
{"title":"Janus Adhesive Dressing with Macro/Micro Dual Design Enabling Sequential Microenvironment Regulation for Scarless Wound Healing","authors":"Meimei Fu, Yue Li, Yitao Zhao, Yuting Zhu, Zhou Fang, Zhuoyi Huang, Wenjun Luo, Xinyu Huang, Jintao Li, Zhiqi Hu, Keke Wu, Jinshan Guo","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00620-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00620-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Continuous wound healing micro-environment regulation and timely angiogenesis modulation are crucial for preventing excessive collagen accumulation and promoting scarless wound healing. Herein, a bilayer silk fibroin (SF)-based Janus adhesive dressing (SCE) was developed, featuring a lower layer of Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup>-modified silk fibroin (SCZ) and an upper layer of silk fibroin core–shell electrospun fibers with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) encapsulated in the core (SE). The Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Zn<sup>2+</sup> modification induced decrystallization of the SF, thereby conferring strong tissue adhesion to the lower SCZ layer and providing rapid hemostasis and initial anti-inflammatory effects upon wound contact. The macro (double layers) and micro (core–shell) dual design enabled EGCG to be slowly released during the early healing stage, exerting both antioxidant and synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in conjunction with Zn<sup>2+</sup>. With complete absorption of the lower layer and degradation of the shell of the upper layer, substantial amounts of EGCG were continuously released to inhibit angiogenesis during the later healing stages. In vivo studies employing both rat full-thickness skin wound models and rabbit ear scar models further confirmed the potential of SCE to promote scarless wound healing by combining early-stage hemostatic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties with late-stage angiogenesis braking to reduce vascular density and blood supply, thereby allowing extracellular matrix remodeling and preventing collagen overproduction and deposition.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"262 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1007/s42765-025-00632-8
Jinrong Lin, Kaili Chen, Meng Liang, Tania Choreno Machain, Daisy Crouch, Simona Mengoli, George Exley, Alma Zaplluzha, Mathew Baldwin, William Jackson, Thomas Cosker, Sarah Snelling, Andrew Carr, Gordon Blunn, Andrew Price, Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common and often require surgical reconstruction. Autografts remain the clinical standard for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) but are limited by donor site morbidity, inconsistent outcomes, and supply constraints. Here, we report the development of electrospun ligament (ES-Lig), a fully degradable, electrospun scaffold composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native ACL. A scalable manufacturing process was established, incorporating electrospinning, filament stretching, alignment, and braiding. ES-Lig demonstrated controlled in vitro degradation over 12 months while retaining sufficient mechanical strength for early-stage healing. Mechanical characterisation revealed tensile properties and fixation stability comparable to autografts. In vitro biocompatibility was confirmed through cytotoxicity assays, patient-derived ACL explants, and direct cell growth onto the material. In an ovine ACLR model, ES-Lig enabled functional recovery, tissue infiltration throughout its length, and joint stability within 10 weeks post-implantation. Histological and imaging analyses confirmed graft-bone integration, vascularisation, and early ligamentisation. These findings establish ES-Lig as a promising, clinically translatable scaffold for next-generation ACL repair.
{"title":"Translational Potential of an Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Jinrong Lin, Kaili Chen, Meng Liang, Tania Choreno Machain, Daisy Crouch, Simona Mengoli, George Exley, Alma Zaplluzha, Mathew Baldwin, William Jackson, Thomas Cosker, Sarah Snelling, Andrew Carr, Gordon Blunn, Andrew Price, Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00632-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00632-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common and often require surgical reconstruction. Autografts remain the clinical standard for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) but are limited by donor site morbidity, inconsistent outcomes, and supply constraints. Here, we report the development of electrospun ligament (ES-Lig), a fully degradable, electrospun scaffold composed of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native ACL. A scalable manufacturing process was established, incorporating electrospinning, filament stretching, alignment, and braiding. ES-Lig demonstrated controlled in vitro degradation over 12 months while retaining sufficient mechanical strength for early-stage healing. Mechanical characterisation revealed tensile properties and fixation stability comparable to autografts. In vitro biocompatibility was confirmed through cytotoxicity assays, patient-derived ACL explants, and direct cell growth onto the material. In an ovine ACLR model, ES-Lig enabled functional recovery, tissue infiltration throughout its length, and joint stability within 10 weeks post-implantation. Histological and imaging analyses confirmed graft-bone integration, vascularisation, and early ligamentisation. These findings establish ES-Lig as a promising, clinically translatable scaffold for next-generation ACL repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7618662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flexible sensing technologies for dynamic respiratory monitoring face critical limitations in environmental robustness and signal resolution accuracy. To address these challenges, a humidity-sensitive dielectric material was developed through intermolecular force modulation, synergistically integrated with a hermetically sealed digital mask to establish a medical-grade respiratory monitoring platform. A novel quantitative respiratory waveform analytical model was proposed, transcending conventional flexible sensors’ capability of merely tracking respiratory rhythms to enable precise quantification of pulmonary function parameters, including peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Leveraging a Darcy’s law-based porous media gas dynamics model, a linear response mechanism was identified between sensing signals and airflow/volume parameters (R2 > 0.995). Time–frequency characteristics of respiratory waveforms were extracted via synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms, revealing robust correlations between spectral signatures and physical activity intensity. Clinical validation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cohorts demonstrated the system’s efficacy in detecting characteristic patterns of airway obstruction and diminished pulmonary elasticity, enabling early-stage diagnostics. Furthermore, a 1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) achieved high-accuracy cough event recognition (95.24% precision). A vertically integrated “sensing material–medical device–algorithm” framework is pioneered for home-based artificial intelligence (AI) respiratory disease management, advancing flexible electronics from physiological tracking to precision medical applications.
{"title":"Respiratory Health Monitoring System Based on “Sensing Material–Medical Device–Algorithm” Framework","authors":"Changsheng Lu, Xiao Wang, Yingqi Yang, Keyi Li, Yihua Lin, Guiyang Lin, Guanying Zheng, Baosong Xie, Zerong Jiang, Zongqu Xu, Yali Liu, Sunkui Ke, Boyu Zhang, Kunlin Han, Yongxiang Huang, Lina Cui, Xiang Yang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00608-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00608-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible sensing technologies for dynamic respiratory monitoring face critical limitations in environmental robustness and signal resolution accuracy. To address these challenges, a humidity-sensitive dielectric material was developed through intermolecular force modulation, synergistically integrated with a hermetically sealed digital mask to establish a medical-grade respiratory monitoring platform. A novel quantitative respiratory waveform analytical model was proposed, transcending conventional flexible sensors’ capability of merely tracking respiratory rhythms to enable precise quantification of pulmonary function parameters, including peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Leveraging a Darcy’s law-based porous media gas dynamics model, a linear response mechanism was identified between sensing signals and airflow/volume parameters (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.995). Time–frequency characteristics of respiratory waveforms were extracted via synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms, revealing robust correlations between spectral signatures and physical activity intensity. Clinical validation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cohorts demonstrated the system’s efficacy in detecting characteristic patterns of airway obstruction and diminished pulmonary elasticity, enabling early-stage diagnostics. Furthermore, a 1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) achieved high-accuracy cough event recognition (95.24% precision). A vertically integrated “sensing material–medical device–algorithm” framework is pioneered for home-based artificial intelligence (AI) respiratory disease management, advancing flexible electronics from physiological tracking to precision medical applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"205 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1007/s42765-025-00630-w
Tong Xue, Yan Yu, Ruijie Ma, Muyan Ma, Juan Li, Chaoxia Wang, Yunjie Yin
Integrating radiative cooling or solar heating into personal thermal management (PTM) textiles has attracted considerable interest. However, most current PTM textiles exhibit single functionality, limited biocompatibility and degradability, and the impact of intense perspiration is often ignored. Herein, a dual-mode polylactide-based PTM textile (DMTex) with asymmetric optical properties, wettability, and pore size distribution for efficient personal moisture and thermal management is designed via layered electrospinning. The unique optical structure and addition of functional particles endow the cooling side of DMTex with excellent solar reflectance (96.97%) and infrared emissivity (86.93%), whereas the heating side has 85.83% solar absorptance. Compared with white and black polylactic acid fabrics, DMTex achieves an additional cooling effect of 14.32 ℃ and a heating effect of 13.09 ℃ under 1100 W m−2 solar radiation. Moreover, the three-layer construction design endows DMTex with exceptional unidirectional moisture-wicking and anti-backflow performance. In addition, DMTex exhibits excellent wearability, biocompatibility, and degradability. Such a dual-mode and sustainable DMTex presents great potential for achieving efficient personal moisture and thermal comfort.
Graphical Abstract
将辐射冷却或太阳能加热集成到个人热管理（PTM）纺织品中已经引起了相当大的兴趣。然而，目前大多数PTM纺织品表现出单一的功能，有限的生物相容性和可降解性，并且经常忽视强排汗的影响。本文通过分层静电纺丝设计了一种具有非对称光学性能、润湿性和孔径分布的双模聚乳酸基PTM纺织品（DMTex），用于有效的个人水分和热管理。独特的光学结构和功能粒子的加入使DMTex冷却侧具有优异的太阳反射率（96.97%）和红外发射率（86.93%），而加热侧具有85.83%的太阳吸收率。与白色和黑色聚乳酸织物相比，DMTex在1100 W m−2太阳辐射下的额外冷却效果为14.32℃，加热效果为13.09℃。此外，三层结构设计使DMTex具有优异的单向排湿和防回流性能。此外，DMTex具有优异的耐磨性、生物相容性和可降解性。这种双模和可持续的DMTex呈现出巨大的潜力，实现高效的个人湿度和热舒适。图形抽象
{"title":"Dual-Mode, Sustainable Textile with Asymmetric Optical and Wettability Design for Efficient Personal Moisture–Thermal Management","authors":"Tong Xue, Yan Yu, Ruijie Ma, Muyan Ma, Juan Li, Chaoxia Wang, Yunjie Yin","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00630-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00630-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integrating radiative cooling or solar heating into personal thermal management (PTM) textiles has attracted considerable interest. However, most current PTM textiles exhibit single functionality, limited biocompatibility and degradability, and the impact of intense perspiration is often ignored. Herein, a dual-mode polylactide-based PTM textile (DMTex) with asymmetric optical properties, wettability, and pore size distribution for efficient personal moisture and thermal management is designed via layered electrospinning. The unique optical structure and addition of functional particles endow the cooling side of DMTex with excellent solar reflectance (96.97%) and infrared emissivity (86.93%), whereas the heating side has 85.83% solar absorptance. Compared with white and black polylactic acid fabrics, DMTex achieves an additional cooling effect of 14.32 ℃ and a heating effect of 13.09 ℃ under 1100 W m<sup>−2</sup> solar radiation. Moreover, the three-layer construction design endows DMTex with exceptional unidirectional moisture-wicking and anti-backflow performance. In addition, DMTex exhibits excellent wearability, biocompatibility, and degradability. Such a dual-mode and sustainable DMTex presents great potential for achieving efficient personal moisture and thermal comfort.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"384 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the bionic evaporative cooling mechanism is regarded as a key path to enhance the thermal management efficiency of the human body outdoors, the structural limitations of traditional fabrics and the bottleneck of heat transfer efficiency led to sweat retention, intensifying the skin’s heat load and restricting the realization of the goal of microenvironment comfort regulation. Here, a metafabric with unidirectional sweat transport and three cooling modes is innovatively fabricated by weaving core–shell yarns via mature weaving techniques. The gradient wetting structure formed in the fabric through the plasma treatment can pull liquid water out of the skin and diffuse it to the outer layer of the fabric for rapid evaporation (0.41 g h−1), which is in a leading position in the field of sweat evaporation of cotton materials. Meanwhile, the addition of heat-conducting substances in shell nanofibers has improved the sweat cooling utilization rate of cotton fabrics, providing an additional skin temperature drop of 3.5 ℃ through sweat evaporation. In the outdoor experiment simulating human sweating, a temperature reduction of 7 ℃ is observed for skin-covered metafabric compared with skin-covered cotton fabric. Owing to its exceptional performance, the metafabric can provide promising design guidelines for developing a thermal-moisture comfort textile.
{"title":"Core–Shell Yarn Woven Metafabric: Integrated Autonomous Sweat Transport and Radiative-Perspirative Cooling","authors":"Maorong Zheng, Yalin Dong, Hongfang Liu, Jiayin Yang, Shuo Dong, Liming Wang, Xiaohong Qin","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00628-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00628-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the bionic evaporative cooling mechanism is regarded as a key path to enhance the thermal management efficiency of the human body outdoors, the structural limitations of traditional fabrics and the bottleneck of heat transfer efficiency led to sweat retention, intensifying the skin’s heat load and restricting the realization of the goal of microenvironment comfort regulation. Here, a metafabric with unidirectional sweat transport and three cooling modes is innovatively fabricated by weaving core–shell yarns via mature weaving techniques. The gradient wetting structure formed in the fabric through the plasma treatment can pull liquid water out of the skin and diffuse it to the outer layer of the fabric for rapid evaporation (0.41 g h<sup>−1</sup>), which is in a leading position in the field of sweat evaporation of cotton materials. Meanwhile, the addition of heat-conducting substances in shell nanofibers has improved the sweat cooling utilization rate of cotton fabrics, providing an additional skin temperature drop of 3.5 ℃ through sweat evaporation. In the outdoor experiment simulating human sweating, a temperature reduction of 7 ℃ is observed for skin-covered metafabric compared with skin-covered cotton fabric. Owing to its exceptional performance, the metafabric can provide promising design guidelines for developing a thermal-moisture comfort textile.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"359 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elastomers containing functional groups hold significant potential for soft tissue repair, particularly in vascular tissues; however, available materials of this type are scarce. In this study, we present a straightforward and easily synthesized biodegradable elastomer (named PGSCC), which was developed by incorporating citric acid and L-cysteine into the molecular structure of poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS). This elastomer exhibits good elasticity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability comparable to PGS while also demonstrating enhanced reactivity due to the presence of two active functional groups: -COOH and -SH. This unique combination of exceptional properties endows PGSCC with significant potential for various biomedical applications, particularly for the bioactive modification of essential materials or implanted grafts. One notable example was the significantly improved effect of PGSCC-containing fibrous films on cell proliferation following appropriate modification through the PGSCC. By introducing PGSCC into our previously reported fibrous vascular graft, we obtained a new graft (M-Tri-layer tube) with functional groups that can be modified easily with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heparin simultaneously. The VEGF/heparin dual-modified graft exhibited more favorable outcomes than the unmodified grafts in rabbits, particularly regarding neo-tissue formation and endothelialization during the early stages of implantation (within 16 weeks), demonstrating the excellent efficacy of PGSCC for vascular graft modification.
{"title":"A Double-Reactive Biodegradable Elastomer Enables Functional Modification of Fibrous Grafts for More Positive Regeneration of Arterial Tissues","authors":"Yating Jia, Hao Lu, Xin Xu, Xiaojun Zhou, Yanan Pang, Chuanglong He, Lei Hou","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00624-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00624-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elastomers containing functional groups hold significant potential for soft tissue repair, particularly in vascular tissues; however, available materials of this type are scarce. In this study, we present a straightforward and easily synthesized biodegradable elastomer (named PGSCC), which was developed by incorporating citric acid and L-cysteine into the molecular structure of poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS). This elastomer exhibits good elasticity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability comparable to PGS while also demonstrating enhanced reactivity due to the presence of two active functional groups: -COOH and -SH. This unique combination of exceptional properties endows PGSCC with significant potential for various biomedical applications, particularly for the bioactive modification of essential materials or implanted grafts. One notable example was the significantly improved effect of PGSCC-containing fibrous films on cell proliferation following appropriate modification through the PGSCC. By introducing PGSCC into our previously reported fibrous vascular graft, we obtained a new graft (M-Tri-layer tube) with functional groups that can be modified easily with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heparin simultaneously. The VEGF/heparin dual-modified graft exhibited more favorable outcomes than the unmodified grafts in rabbits, particularly regarding neo-tissue formation and endothelialization during the early stages of implantation (within 16 weeks), demonstrating the excellent efficacy of PGSCC for vascular graft modification.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"316 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After peripheral nerve injury, decreased nerve growth factor (NGF) levels and interrupted bioelectrical signal transmission are key factors leading to delayed nerve regeneration. However, the nerve conduits currently applied in clinical practice fail to simultaneously achieve sustained nutritional support and electrical activity maintenance for the injured microenvironment, limiting their repair effects. Herein, a dual-functional-layer nerve conduit loaded with NGF and exhibiting a high piezoelectric response was fabricated using electrospinning technology. The inner layer was composed of heparin-functionalized chitosan nanofibers loaded with NGF (CPHN), whereas the outer layer was formed from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (PZ). The results showed that the heparin-functionalized chitosan nanofibers significantly enhanced the loading density and stability of NGF. Additionally, PZ nanofibers with 1 wt% ZnO generated stable and appropriate endogenous electrical stimulation under controlled external stimulation. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the combination of PZ and CPHN (PZ@CPHN) could compensate for TrkA receptor desensitization, improve NGF pharmacodynamics, and activate the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway to regulate PC12 cells proliferation, differentiation, and motility. In the rat sciatic nerve defect model, transplantation of the PZ@CPHN conduit significantly promoted the reconstruction of regenerated nerve tissue and the recovery of muscle motor function after 12 weeks, achieving a repair outcome comparable to that of autologous nerve transplantation. In summary, a novel therapeutic strategy combining NGF administration with endogenous electrical stimulation is proposed to accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration.
{"title":"Dual Biomimetic Nanofiber Conduits Enable Synergistic NGF Delivery and Endogenous Piezoelectric Stimulation for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration","authors":"Zhenwei Yi, Yaofa Lin, Rui Jing, Xiangru Feng, Xiaoxuan Lu, Diqi Tian, Haodong Lin, Liming Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00627-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00627-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>After peripheral nerve injury, decreased nerve growth factor (NGF) levels and interrupted bioelectrical signal transmission are key factors leading to delayed nerve regeneration. However, the nerve conduits currently applied in clinical practice fail to simultaneously achieve sustained nutritional support and electrical activity maintenance for the injured microenvironment, limiting their repair effects. Herein, a dual-functional-layer nerve conduit loaded with NGF and exhibiting a high piezoelectric response was fabricated using electrospinning technology. The inner layer was composed of heparin-functionalized chitosan nanofibers loaded with NGF (CPHN), whereas the outer layer was formed from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (PZ). The results showed that the heparin-functionalized chitosan nanofibers significantly enhanced the loading density and stability of NGF. Additionally, PZ nanofibers with 1 wt% ZnO generated stable and appropriate endogenous electrical stimulation under controlled external stimulation. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the combination of PZ and CPHN (PZ@CPHN) could compensate for TrkA receptor desensitization, improve NGF pharmacodynamics, and activate the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway to regulate PC12 cells proliferation, differentiation, and motility. In the rat sciatic nerve defect model, transplantation of the PZ@CPHN conduit significantly promoted the reconstruction of regenerated nerve tissue and the recovery of muscle motor function after 12 weeks, achieving a repair outcome comparable to that of autologous nerve transplantation. In summary, a novel therapeutic strategy combining NGF administration with endogenous electrical stimulation is proposed to accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"338 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rigid molecular structure and inherent golden color of polyimide fibers pose a significant challenge for its color construction. Traditional dyeing methods often come at the expense of mechanical properties due to the swelling effect. Here, the supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) dyeing method was used to balance the contradictory relationship between color and mechanical properties of polyimide. Employing scCO2 fluid as the dyeing medium leverages its unique dissolution and diffusion properties to drive the dye deep into the fiber, thereby imparting the satisfactory color to the polyimide fiber with the uptake ratio of 31.46 mg/g and the color fastness of up to grade 5. Furthermore, the swelling effect of the carrier on the fibers and the optimization and arrangement effect of the fluid on the molecular chains produce a synergistic effect, resulting in the tensile strength increased by about 20%. Given its streamlined process, eco-friendly nature and consistent results, we anticipate this prospective approach to be a formidable competitor in the field of color construction of polyimide fibers.
{"title":"Integration of Color Construction and Mechanical Enhancement of High-Performance Polyimide Fiber in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid","authors":"Xin Chen, Xikai Ma, Rui Shang, Xin Zhao, Qinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42765-025-00619-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42765-025-00619-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rigid molecular structure and inherent golden color of polyimide fibers pose a significant challenge for its color construction. Traditional dyeing methods often come at the expense of mechanical properties due to the swelling effect. Here, the supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO<sub>2</sub>) dyeing method was used to balance the contradictory relationship between color and mechanical properties of polyimide. Employing scCO<sub>2</sub> fluid as the dyeing medium leverages its unique dissolution and diffusion properties to drive the dye deep into the fiber, thereby imparting the satisfactory color to the polyimide fiber with the uptake ratio of 31.46 mg/g and the color fastness of up to grade 5. Furthermore, the swelling effect of the carrier on the fibers and the optimization and arrangement effect of the fluid on the molecular chains produce a synergistic effect, resulting in the tensile strength increased by about 20%. Given its streamlined process, eco-friendly nature and consistent results, we anticipate this prospective approach to be a formidable competitor in the field of color construction of polyimide fibers.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":459,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Fiber Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"252 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号