Advanced Fiber Materials最新文献

Waterborne organic pollutants pose significant threats to ecosystems and the health of billions worldwide, presenting a pressing global challenge. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer promise for efficient wastewater treatment, yet the efficacy and the reliability of current environmental catalysts hinder their widespread adoption. This study developed an as-cast nanostructured glassy fiber capable of rapidly activating persulfate and achieved the degradation of diverse organic contaminants within 60 s using the as-prepared fiber. The material is relatively robust and can be reused about 40 times. The exceptional catalytic performance of the fibers stemmed from their low atomic coordination numbers, which facilitated the generation of numerous unsaturated active sites and accelerated radical production rates through a one-electron transfer mechanism. Additionally, the glassy-nanocrystalline heterogeneous interface, achieved through our proposed nanostructuralization approach, exhibited electron delocalization behavior. This enhanced persulfate adsorption and reduced the energy barrier for heterolytic cleavage of peroxy bonds. These findings present a novel avenue for the rational structural design of high-performance environmental catalysts for advanced water remediation.

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It is a worldwide challenge to achieve an efficient cleaning of heavy oil at ambient temperature. Conventional cleanup methods for high-viscosity oil spills exhibit low absorption efficiency and have severe practical operating limits. Herein, inspired by the passive transport process in the Salvinia cucullata, a solar-heated and joule-heated textile-based absorber using the scalable electrostatic flocking technique. Benefiting from the efficient photothermal and electrothermal conversion effects, the textile-based absorber, with oleophilic and aligned channels, facilitates thermal conduction and hence enhances heavy oil absorption. The absorber is highly efficient for organic solvents (chloroform and dichloromethane) and low-viscosity oils (silicone oil, gasoline, and diesel oil). The surface temperature of the textile absorber rises rapidly to 92 °C (114 °C) in 120 s (240 s) under one sun irradiation (or 5 V voltage), resulting in a sharp drop in the viscosity of the heavy oil and then achieving an ultrahigh absorption rate (2647 kg h⁻¹ m⁻²) and fast equilibrium time (25 s). Rapid absorption rate significantly reduces spill cleanup time and spill spreading area, hence alleviating the environmental harm caused by oil spills as much as possible. The proposed solar-heated and joule-heated textile-based absorbers with aligned channels show great potential for efficient heavy oil absorption.

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The advancement of integrated circuits has made it easier to reduce the size of increasingly potent wearable electronic devices. However, it is still difficult to seamlessly integrate electronic systems enabling unrestricted human behavior into wearable gadgets. The procedure of creating fiber devices by twisting fiber electrodes and incorporating them into textile systems is exhibited in recent work. These textile systems are highly resilient and flexible, which makes them ideal for various wearable applications, i.e., thread lithium-ion batteries (TLIBs), multi-ply sensing threads (MSTs), and thread electroluminescent devices (TELDs).

Personalized wound dressings with on-site deposition, exudate suction, and reproducible sterilization are urged for treating diabetic wounds. Herein, we have developed nanofiber membranes incorporating a V-shaped photosensitizer (VPS), a donor-acceptor-donor type organic semiconductor with indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) as the electron-donor and triphenyleno[1,2-c:7,8-c′]bis([1,2,5] -thiadiazole) (TPTz) as the electron-acceptor, for multifunctional wound dressing. The VPS-incorporated nanofiber membranes are in situ deposited on rough wounds by using a handheld electrospinning device, which offers full coverage and better affinity than gauze to stop bleeding and suck exudate rapidly. They are breathable, waterproof, and have bacteria repelling capacity due to their hydrophobicity and negative charges. Upon light irradiation, the VPS in nanofibers undergoes low aggregation-caused quenching and retains high fluorescence and reproducible photodynamic sterilization towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The nanofiber dressing also promotes cell adhesion and proliferation and exhibits high security in blood biochemistry and hematology. With the above merits, the nanofiber membranes greatly reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 in serum and wound tissues, expediting the wound healing process. These wound dressings combine the benefits of in situ electrospinning, fiber membrane, and VPS, and will provide strategies for emergency medical operations.

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Wearable electronics, poised to revolutionize real-time health monitoring, encounter significant challenges due to sweat accumulation, including skin irritation, peeling, short circuits, and corrosion. A groundbreaking study published in Nature presents a sustainable solution: three-dimensional (3D) liquid diodes that effectively pump sweat away, thereby maintaining the wearables’ breathability and stable sensing of biometrics or environments without getting messed up by perspiration. This advancement has immense potential for the development of comfortable and skin-friendly intelligent wearable technologies that seamlessly incorporate sophisticated electronics even in sweaty conditions.

Wearable strain sensors (WSSs) have found widespread applications, where the key is to optimize their sensing and wearing performances. However, the intricate material designs for developing WSSs often rely on costly reagents and/or complex processes, which bring barriers to their large-scale production and use. Herein, a facile and affordable (material cost of < $0.002/cm²) method is presented for fabricating conductive bandage (CB)-based WSSs by electrospraying a carbon nanotube (CNT) layer on commercial self-adhesive bandages with excellent biosafety, stretchability, mechanical compliance, breathability and cost effectiveness. The wrinkled and fibrous structures of self-adhesive bandages were rationally leverage to control the geometry of CNT layer, thereby ensuring tunable mechanoelectrical sensitivities (gauge factors of 2 ~ 850) of CBs. Moreover, a strain-sensing mechanism directly mediated by the highly wrinkled microstructure is unveiled, which can work in synergy with a training-loosened-fibrous microstructure. The excellent performance of CBs for monitoring full-range strain signals in human bodies was further demonstrated. CBs would possess great potential for being developed into WSSs because of their outstanding cost-performance ratio.

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Soft and wearable electronics for monitoring health in hot outdoor environments are highly desirable due to their effectiveness in safeguarding individuals against escalating heat-related illnesses associated with global climate change. However, traditional wearable devices have limitations when exposed to outdoor solar radiation, including reduced electrical performance, shortened lifespan, and the risk of skin burns. In this work, we introduce a novel approach known as the cooling E-textile (CET), which ensures reliable and accurate tracking of uninterrupted physiological signals in intense external conditions while maintaining the device at a consistently cool temperature. Through a co-designed architecture comprising a spectrally selective passive cooling structure and intricate hierarchical sensing construction, the monolithic integrated CET demonstrates superior sensitivity (6.67 × 10³ kPa⁻¹), remarkable stability, and excellent wearable properties, such as flexibility, lightweightness, and thermal comfort, while achieving maximum temperature reduction of 21 °C. In contrast to the limitations faced by existing devices that offer low signal quality during overheating, CET presents accurately stable performance output even in rugged external environments. This work presents an innovative method for effective thermal management in next-generation textile electronics tailored for outdoor applications.

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Incorporating enzyme-resistant peptide sequences into self-assembled nanosystems is a promising strategy to enhance the stability and versatility of peptide-based antibacterial drugs, aiming to replace ineffective antibiotics. By combining newly designed enzymatic-resistant sequences with synthetically derived compounds bearing single, double, triple, or quadruple aromatic rings. A series of nanoscale antimicrobial self-assembled short peptides for the purpose of combating bacterial infections are generated. Nap* (Nap–^DNal–Nal–Dab–Dab–NH₂, where Nap represents the 1-naphthylacetyl group) possesses the greatest clinical potential (GM_SI = 23.96) among the peptides in this series. At high concentrations in an aqueous environment, Nap* spontaneously generates nanofibers to capture bacteria and prevent their evasion, exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects and exceptional biocompatibility. In the presence of physiological salt ions and serum, the antimicrobial agent exhibits strong effectiveness and retains impressive resistance even when exposed to high levels of proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin). Nap* exhibits negligible in vivo toxicity and effectively alleviates systemic bacterial infections in mice. Mechanistically, Nap* initially captures bacteria and induces bacterial cell death primarily through membrane dissolution, achieved by multiple synergistic mechanisms. In summary, these advances have the potential to greatly expedite the clinical evolution of nanomaterials based on short peptides combined with naphthyl groups and foster the development of peptides integrated with self-assembled systems in this domain.

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Transition metal vanadates (TMVs) have attracted significant attention in various research fields owing to their advantageous features. Furthermore, synthesizing TMVs directly on current collectors at the nanoscale is a promising strategy for achieving better performance. Herein, cobalt–nickel vanadate (CoV₂O₆–Ni₂V₂O₇, CNV) was directly grown on carbon fabric using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. In particular, the CNV sample prepared for 3 h (CNV-3) exhibited a benefit-enriched nanonest-colony morphology in which abundant nanowires (diameter: 10 nm) were intertwined, providing sufficient space for electrolyte diffusion. All the CNV electrodes exhibited good cycling performance in the lithium-ion battery study. Especially, the CNV-3 electrode retained higher discharge and charge capacities of 616 and 610 mAh g⁻¹, respectively at the 100th cycle than the other two electrodes owing to several morphologic features. The electrocatalytic activity of all the CNV samples for the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) was also explored in an alkaline electrolyte. Among these CNV catalysts, the CNV-3 displayed excellent OER performance and required an overpotential of only 270 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². The Tafel slope of this catalyst was also found to be low (129 mV dec⁻¹). Moreover, the catalyst exhibited excellent durability in a 24 h stability test. These results indicate that the metal vanadates with favorable nanostructures are highly suitable for both energy storage and water-splitting applications.

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CoV₂O₆–Ni₂V₂O₇ material grown directly on carbon fabric as novel nanonest colonies demonstrated stable electrochemical response in both lithium-ion battery and oxygen-evolution reaction studies

Owing to the robust scalability, ease of control and substantial industrial applications, the utilization of electrospinning technology to produce piezoelectric nanofiber materials demonstrates a significant potential in the development of wearable products including flexible wearable sensors. However, it is unfortunate that the attainment of high-performance piezoelectric materials through this method remains a challenging task. Herein, a high-performance composite nanofiber membrane with a coherent and uniformly dispersed two-dimensional network topology composed of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/dopamine (DA) nanofiber membranes and ultrafine PVDF/DA nanofibers was successfully fabricated by the electrospinning technique. Based on the evidence obtained from simulations, experimental and theoretical results, it was confirmed that the unique structure of the nanofiber membrane significantly enhances the piezoelectric performance. The present PVDF/DA composite nanofibers demonstrated a remarkable piezoelectric performance such as a wide response range (1.5–40 N), high sensitivity to weak forces (0–4 N, 7.29 V N⁻¹), and outstanding operational durability. Furthermore, the potential application of the present PVDF/DA membrane as a flexible wearable sensor for monitoring human motion and subtle physiological signals has also been validated. This work not only introduces a novel strategy for the application of electrospun nanofibers in sensors but also provides new insights into high-performance piezoelectric materials.

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