Advanced Fiber Materials最新文献

Ongoing extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics that dynamically adapt to cellular behaviors can more effectively regulate the fate of stem cells. In this study, a peptide nanofiber is developed by integrating integrin receptor-targeting peptides and heparan-sulfate proteoglycan-targeting peptides (KRSR) with self-assembling peptide fragments (FFF) to create ECM mimics. These nanofibers can dynamically self-assemble and co-assemble on the surface of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). Further investigations show that the co-assembly of these peptide nanofibers enhances cell proliferation and directs stem cell differentiation toward osteogenesis but not adipogenesis, thereby improving the quality of regenerated bone. We further explore the mechanisms of ECM mimics in regulating BMSCs’ differentiation through cell immunofluorescence staining and RNA sequencing analysis. The co-assembly of peptide nanofibers regulates BMSCs by interacting with cell membrane receptors, which triggers intracellular mechanotransduction and activates the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways. Consequently, a customized microenvironment is created to support BMSC functionality and tissue regeneration.

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This paper explores the latest breakthroughs in the controllable water transport of textile porous materials, presenting a comprehensive overview of the mechanism that governs water transport in textile porous materials. The mechanism is determined by several factors including porosity, pore size distributions, capillary diameter gradients, cross-section and angle gradients of capillaries, and contact angle and surface tension gradients. Four methods to achieve controllable water transport properties in textiles are elaborated: structural design, chemical finishing, plasma treatment, and ultraviolet photocatalysis. Moreover, three distinct applications of controllable water transport in textile porous materials are revealed, including oil–water separation, fog/water harvesting, and functional/intelligent textiles. The potential environmental benefits and advancements in textile controllable water transport properties are also highlighted. The review concludes by suggesting promising research works in the future.

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The simple and environmentally friendly fabrication of cost-effective nanocomposites with low-metal usage is a promising approach for high-performance supercapacitors. Most developed nanocomposites rely on expensive carbon materials, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, high metal loading (> 50 wt%), and complex preparation protocols. In this study, we present a straightforward method for fabricating noble-metal-free bimetallic and trimetallic molybdates (FeMo and NiCoMo) anchored on heteroatom-doped hollow-core carbon nanofibers (HCNFs). Heteroatoms such as B, F, and N were successfully doped into the HCNFs. The homogenous anchoring of FeMo- or NiCoMo-oxide nanoparticles on both the inner and outer surfaces of the HCNFs was confirmed—this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of such a structure. In a three-electrode system, NiCoMo–HCNFs demonstrated an excellent specific capacitance of 1419.2 F/g and a capacitance retention of 86.0% after 10,000 cycles. The fabricated device exhibited a high specific capacitance of 225.7 F/g, power density of 45.5 W/kg, and energy density of 10,089.3 Wh/kg, with 86.1% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. For the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, the FeMo–HCNFs and NiCoMo–HCNFs achieved excellent k_app values of 30.14 and 87.71 × 10⁻² s⁻¹, respectively. Due to their simple preparation, cost-effectiveness, high activity, and robustness, FeMo–HCNFs and NiCoMo–HCNFs are promising candidates for energy storage and environmental catalysis applications.

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Bimetallic and Trimetallic molybdates supported on hollow-core carbon fibers for energy and catalysis applications.

Major challenge of developing bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs) is their structural instability and inferior electrochemical performance. To solve these issues, we propose the strategy of anchoring ZIF-derived CrFe-codoped Co nanoparticles (NPs) into the wrinkled graphene nanoscroll-fibers (WGNF) to synthesize the CoCrFe@WGNF as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs. The CoCrFe@WGNF catalyst exhibits decent oxygen evolution and reduction performance in an alkaline medium, and the resulting ZABs deliver exceptional cycling stability up to 1140 h at 5 mA·cm⁻², superior to the ones based on CoCrFe (340 h) and Pt/C + RuO₂ (220 h). Meanwhile, the assembled solid-state ZABs with PAM hydrogel as electrolytes exhibit excellent cycling durability and high-power density at both room-temperature and -40 ºC. The excellent stability originates from the unique wrinkled structure of graphene nanoscroll-fibers and CrFe co-doping. The graphene nanoscroll-fibers with abundant wrinkles and tubular channel can serve as a platform for anchoring to NPs by avoiding aggregation and dissolution of NPs, while the co-dopping of Cr and Fe may optimize the electronic structure of Co to boost the performance of ZABs with wide-temperature range. In short, we believe that the WGNF can be considered as an excellent support platform to encapsulate NPs for other target reactions.

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CrFe-doping Co NPs were anchored into ultralong graphene nanoscroll-fibers with 1D wrinkles and ultrathin layer (CoCrFe@WGNF). The assembled liquid and solid-state ZABs showed long-life durability and high-power density even under deformation and at − 40 °C, mainly attributed to the carrier and protection effect of wrinkled graphene nanoscroll-fibers and the CrFe co-doping induced electronic coupling

Stretchable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are emerging as a key technology for next-generation wearable devices due to their uniform light emission, stable performance under stretching conditions, and various flexible substrates. This paper introduces stretchable OLEDs fabricated with laser-cut kirigami patterns and a multifunctional encapsulation multilayer (MEM) barrier. These OLEDs were subsequently transferred onto textiles. These stretchable OLEDs achieved a remarkable stretchability of up to 150% through optimized kirigami pattern and maintained 100% stretchability when integrated with textiles, preserving the flexibility of a textile substrate. Additionally, the MEM barrier provided ultraviolet (UV) reflection and waterproof properties, ensuring reliable performance in harsh environments. Stretchable OLEDs and stretchable fabric OLEDs demonstrated a high luminance of 18,983 cd/m² and 10,205 cd/m², with minimal emission variation under stretched conditions. Furthermore, the potential of stretchable fabric OLEDs for wearable healthcare applications was evaluated by measuring photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. Stable PPG signals were successfully obtained at a 20% stretched state. Adjusting light source intensity effectively compensated for signal quality degradation caused by stretching. These findings highlight the significant potential of stretchable fabric OLEDs for wearable devices and photodiagnostic platforms, offering broad applicability across diverse fields.

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Natural and synthetic fibers with helical structures have received widespread attention in the fields of materials science and engineering, and important research progress has been achieved in recent years. By regulating the structure and composition, researchers design and prepare helical-structured fiber materials with unique functions and properties. It provides new possibilities for applications in fields such as flexible electronic devices and smart textiles. In general, the research progress of helical structure carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers involves many fields, including material preparation, functional design, application development, etc., providing new ideas and directions for the future development of materials science and engineering. In this paper, different preparation methods, structural characteristics, properties and applications of macroscopic CNT helical fibers are reviewed and analyzed. We focus on the application progress of CNT helical fibers and involve some natural fibers and polymer fibers. Areas of research include artificial muscles, sensors, energy harvesting, and biomedicine. It offers insights into future developments of CNT helical fibers and proposes solutions to challenges faced in practical applications.

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Fabrics have attracted significant attention in the field of electromagnetic shielding due to their unique grid structure, high electrical conductivity, and flexibility. To enrich the research of textiles for microwave absorption, two-dimensional transition metal carbide (MXene)-enhanced reduced graphene oxide-based fabrics (MXene/RGO fabrics) were synthesized in this paper by using wet spinning–ionic cross-linking–chemical reduction strategy. MXene/RGO fabrics achieve a minimum reflection loss of − 58.3 dB at 17.6 GHz and a thickness of 2.4 mm, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.92 GHz. In addition, the combination of electromagnetic finite element simulation technology and test results was used to further elucidate the response mode and loss mechanism of MXene/RGO fabrics. The MXene/RGO composite fibers exhibit a tuned attenuation ability and impedance matching performance, which is attributed to the increased polarization relaxation loss caused by the large number of heterogeneous interfaces between RGO, MXene, and TiO₂ particles, as well as the appropriate electrical conductivity (16.6 S/cm). MXene/RGO fibers exhibit excellent microwave absorption performance, mechanical strength (534 MPa), easy modification, and fatigue resistance, promising stable absorption of electromagnetic waves in complex environments, thereby expanding the application scenarios of fabrics in the field of microwave absorption.

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Silicon carbide (SiC) porous materials possess exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption capabilities. In recent years, various SiC-based wave-absorbing materials have been developed. However, their inherent brittleness restricts their applications, posing an ongoing challenge in balancing wave absorption with mechanical performance. Herein, a templated chemical vapor deposition strategy was employed to fabricate hierarchical hollow SiC micro/nanofiber sponges (HHSMSs). The directional growth and orderly arrangement of SiC nanorods on the template fibers construct a micro–nano-structured SiC shell layer. By controlling the reaction time, the thickness of this shell layer can be tuned between 0.4 and 3.1 µm. Moreover, during the deposition process, an amorphous SiO_x structure tends to form on the outer surface of the fibers. Owing to this amorphous SiO_x structure, HHSMSs demonstrate excellent flexibility and elasticity, allowing them to be bent by 180° and compressed by 60%. In addition, the hierarchical hollow structure enhances impedance matching, resulting in superior electromagnetic wave absorption with a minimum reflection loss of −51.8 dB and an ultra-wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 8.6 GHz. These properties highlight the potential of these flexible, broadband-absorbing sponges for stealth and electromagnetic interference shielding in high-temperature environments.

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High tensile and compressive strengths are essential for fiber-reinforced plastic utilized in complex loading conditions. However, it is challenging to produce aramid fibers with both high tensile and compressive strengths. In the present work, graphene oxide modified with p-phenylenediamine (GO-PPDA) was introduced to simultaneously increase the tensile strength (up to 6.75 GPa) and compressive strength (up to 676.8 MPa) of the heterocyclic aramid fibers. GO-PPDA covalently links polymer molecular chains via amine groups, inducing a regular alignment that enhances crystallinity and orientation. Multi-scale characterization indicates that the two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) enhances interfacial interactions among molecular chains, nanofibers, and fibril bundles, resulting in reduced sheath-core structural disparity and increased fiber densification. Atomistic simulations demonstrate that the enhancements in orientation, densification, and interfacial interactions of the building blocks contribute to the simultaneous improvement in both the tensile and compressive strengths of composite fibers. Finally, we demonstrate that the exceptional mechanical properties of these fibers can be effectively transferred to their composite materials, which is crucial for practical applications.

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The novel heterocyclic aramid fibers containing GO were prepared via in-situ polymerization and wet spinning. GO-PPDA-2/AF exhibits an ultra-high tensile strength of 6.75 GPa and compressive strength of 676.8 MPa, with high-performance tows produced in batches. These exceptional mechanical properties can be effectively transferred to composite materials.

Rehabilitation devices that integrate pressure sensors can measure vital metrics such as muscle activities and body posture, allowing patients to perform rehabilitation exercises independently without the need for constant professional oversight. However, traditional devices are commonly constructed based on thin-film plastics and rely on external power sources that are housed in bulky encapsulation cases, compromising user inconvenience and discomfort when worn for rehabilitation activities. While textile-based sensors with self-powering capabilities offer comfort and mobility without external power sources, their sensitivity and sensing range for pressure changes fall short compared to those counterparts. To address this challenge, we herein introduce a skin-inspired, permeable, structure-gradient fiber mat (SGFM) for triboelectric pressure-sensing textiles. Permeable SGFM, created through template-assisted layer-by-layer electrospinning, mimics human skin's rigidity-to-softness mechanical transition. Such a structural design can effectively enhance the dielectric and compressive properties of SGFM, thereby significantly enhancing the sensitivity of the SGFM-based triboelectric pressure sensing textiles over a broad sensing range (0.068 kPa⁻¹ in 0–53 kPa, 0.013 kPa⁻¹ in 53–660 kPa). Notably, the electrospun fibrous structure of SGFM provides pressure sensing textiles with promising moisture permeability, ensuring a comfortable wearing experience. As a proof-of-concept demonstration of applications, SGFM was incorporated into a wearable rehabilitation monitoring system to detect quadriceps, pulse, and plantar pressures for posture tracking and correction, displaying substantial potential for enhancing the efficiency of rehabilitation assistance.

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A permeable, multilayered structure-gradient fiber mat (SGFM) for triboelectric pressure-sensing textiles is proposed. Permeable SGFM, created through template-assisted layer-by-layer electrospinning, mimics human skin's rigidity-to-softness mechanical transition. Such a structural design can effectively enhance the sensitivity of the SGFM-based triboelectric pressure sensing textiles over a broad sensing range. As a proof-of-concept demonstration of applications, SGFM was incorporated into a wearable rehabilitation monitoring system to detect quadriceps, pulse, and plantar pressures for posture tracking and correction, displaying substantial potential for enhancing the efficiency of rehabilitation assistance.