Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199273
Wei-Han Chen, Ping-Hung Lee, W. Hsu, T. Shiang
Ground reaction forces (GRF) is an important gait parameter related to load and injury risk (Lidstone et al., 2017), especially for people with flat foot. Wearable in-shoe pressure systems are widely used to measure GRF because they are not space restricted and allow for participants’ free movement (Fuchs et al., 2022). To facilitate clinical application, researchers attempted to develop a simplified system with a reduced number of sensors without impacting data validity (Fuchs et al., 2022). Previous study showed that the simplified in-shoe pressure system with 11 sensors was the optimal compromise between simplification and measurement performance (Fuchs et al., 2022). However, the study only validated eight layouts with different number of sensors (3-17 sensors). It was unclear whether there were better layouts with same of sensors (11 sensors). Furthermore, the validity of simplified in-shoe pressure system with 11 sensors in flat foot has not been verified.
地面反作用力(Ground reaction forces, GRF)是与负荷和损伤风险相关的重要步态参数(Lidstone et al.， 2017)，尤其对于平足患者而言。可穿戴式鞋内压力系统被广泛用于测量GRF，因为它们不受空间限制，允许参与者自由活动(Fuchs et al.， 2022)。为了促进临床应用，研究人员试图开发一种简化的系统，减少传感器数量，同时不影响数据有效性(Fuchs et al.， 2022)。先前的研究表明，具有11个传感器的简化鞋内压力系统是简化和测量性能之间的最佳折衷(Fuchs et al.， 2022)。然而，该研究仅验证了8种不同传感器数量的布局(3-17个传感器)。目前尚不清楚是否有更好的布局与相同的传感器(11个传感器)。此外，还没有验证包含11个传感器的简化平足鞋内压力系统的有效性。
{"title":"The correlation of ground reaction forces between different simplified pressure sensor layouts and the full layout in flatfoot","authors":"Wei-Han Chen, Ping-Hung Lee, W. Hsu, T. Shiang","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199273","url":null,"abstract":"Ground reaction forces (GRF) is an important gait parameter related to load and injury risk (Lidstone et al., 2017), especially for people with flat foot. Wearable in-shoe pressure systems are widely used to measure GRF because they are not space restricted and allow for participants’ free movement (Fuchs et al., 2022). To facilitate clinical application, researchers attempted to develop a simplified system with a reduced number of sensors without impacting data validity (Fuchs et al., 2022). Previous study showed that the simplified in-shoe pressure system with 11 sensors was the optimal compromise between simplification and measurement performance (Fuchs et al., 2022). However, the study only validated eight layouts with different number of sensors (3-17 sensors). It was unclear whether there were better layouts with same of sensors (11 sensors). Furthermore, the validity of simplified in-shoe pressure system with 11 sensors in flat foot has not been verified.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S37 - S38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199426
Jennifer Sumner, Evan M. Day, Kate Wagner, Jessica Thompson, Steffen Willwacher, Matthieu Trudeau
Run Signature is Brooks’ holistic approach to understanding the runner with the promise to provide optimised running gear based on their individual goals and biomechanical needs. Every individual has a habitual motion path (HMP) defined by their bone structure, ligament laxity, muscular strength, and injury history (Trudeau et al., 2019). The rationale behind the HMP as an injury paradigm is that moving away from your HMP will increase joint loading in non-adapted areas, potentially increasing injury risk. Therefore, it is advantageous to decrease one’s deviation from their HMP. One tool for reducing movement deviations while running is footwear. This has been biologically supported, with research showing reductions in cartilage volume loss after a run in a shoe that decreased HMP deviations (Willwacher et al., 2020). A method (Run Signature 1.0) was developed to quantify one’s individual HMP and how much their joints move differently between habitual movements and when running, referred to as a deviation (Trudeau et al., 2019). One limitation of this method was the use of a single movement, the shallow squat, to quantify someone’s HMP. A second limitation was the calculation of a deviation on the run from the habitual motion at a single point in time, the point of maximum knee flexion during the stance phase. While this first method was a pivotal moment in quantifying human movement on an individual basis, we strive to advance this method by (1) capturing more habitual movements, and (2) use more than a single timepoint to quantify deviations.
Run Signature是Brooks了解跑步者的整体方法，承诺根据他们的个人目标和生物力学需求提供优化的跑步装备。每个人都有一个习惯性运动路径（HMP），由他们的骨骼结构、韧带松弛、肌肉力量和损伤史来定义（Trudeau等人，2019）。HMP作为一种损伤模式的基本原理是，离开HMP会增加不适应区域的关节负荷，可能会增加损伤风险。因此，减少对HMP的偏离是有利的。减少跑步时运动偏差的一种工具是鞋类。这在生物学上得到了支持，研究表明，在跑步后，软骨体积损失减少，从而减少了HMP偏差（Willwacher等人，2020）。开发了一种方法（Run Signature 1.0）来量化一个人的HMP，以及他们的关节在习惯性运动和跑步时的不同运动程度，称为偏差（Trudeau等人，2019）。这种方法的一个局限性是使用单一的动作，浅蹲，来量化某人的HMP。第二个限制是计算在单个时间点（站立阶段膝盖最大弯曲的点）跑步时与习惯动作的偏差。虽然第一种方法是在个体基础上量化人类运动的关键时刻，但我们努力通过（1）捕捉更多的习惯性运动，以及（2）使用多个时间点来量化偏差，来推进这种方法。
{"title":"Run Signature 2.0: advancing our ability to quantify habitual motion path deviations","authors":"Jennifer Sumner, Evan M. Day, Kate Wagner, Jessica Thompson, Steffen Willwacher, Matthieu Trudeau","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199426","url":null,"abstract":"Run Signature is Brooks’ holistic approach to understanding the runner with the promise to provide optimised running gear based on their individual goals and biomechanical needs. Every individual has a habitual motion path (HMP) defined by their bone structure, ligament laxity, muscular strength, and injury history (Trudeau et al., 2019). The rationale behind the HMP as an injury paradigm is that moving away from your HMP will increase joint loading in non-adapted areas, potentially increasing injury risk. Therefore, it is advantageous to decrease one’s deviation from their HMP. One tool for reducing movement deviations while running is footwear. This has been biologically supported, with research showing reductions in cartilage volume loss after a run in a shoe that decreased HMP deviations (Willwacher et al., 2020). A method (Run Signature 1.0) was developed to quantify one’s individual HMP and how much their joints move differently between habitual movements and when running, referred to as a deviation (Trudeau et al., 2019). One limitation of this method was the use of a single movement, the shallow squat, to quantify someone’s HMP. A second limitation was the calculation of a deviation on the run from the habitual motion at a single point in time, the point of maximum knee flexion during the stance phase. While this first method was a pivotal moment in quantifying human movement on an individual basis, we strive to advance this method by (1) capturing more habitual movements, and (2) use more than a single timepoint to quantify deviations.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S161 - S163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44300417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199696
U. Kersting, Leon Robertz, Patrick Mai, Johanna Robbin, Mario Fleiter, H. Schlarb, Jasper Kwasny
It has been estimated that there are between 130 to 300 million soccer players organized on a club level in the world (FIFA 2019; Kristenson et al., 2013) with potentially many more playing in unorganized settings. Historically, the game evolved being played on natural grass while maintenance cost, climatic factors and consistency, among other factors, have led to increased installments of artificial turf surfaces. Further, it has been noted that game play and tactics have changed to faster passing and more variable play, e.g., in the midfield (Anderson et al. 2008). Shoe manufacturers implement the shifted demands into soccer boot design while a scientific assessment of such alterations remains rare.
{"title":"Effects of stud design on performance and joint loading during agility tasks including ball handling in soccer","authors":"U. Kersting, Leon Robertz, Patrick Mai, Johanna Robbin, Mario Fleiter, H. Schlarb, Jasper Kwasny","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199696","url":null,"abstract":"It has been estimated that there are between 130 to 300 million soccer players organized on a club level in the world (FIFA 2019; Kristenson et al., 2013) with potentially many more playing in unorganized settings. Historically, the game evolved being played on natural grass while maintenance cost, climatic factors and consistency, among other factors, have led to increased installments of artificial turf surfaces. Further, it has been noted that game play and tactics have changed to faster passing and more variable play, e.g., in the midfield (Anderson et al. 2008). Shoe manufacturers implement the shifted demands into soccer boot design while a scientific assessment of such alterations remains rare.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S166 - S168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45043124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199427
A. Subramanium, B. Nigg
The running economy improvements observed in the Nike Vaporfly 4% (VP4) shoe have been proposed to be a result of different specific features of the shoe, such as the curved carbon fibre plate, forefoot geometry, and the PEBAX (polyether block amide) foam (Hoogkamer et al., 2018). However, until recently, most studies quantified physiological and biomechanical variables in the VP4 alongside previously established running shoes. This approach has not enabled researchers to explain the specific effects of each unique feature of the shoe. In order to understand how and by how much specific feature of the VP4 affect running performance, one must first quantify, how and how much the specific feature of interest affects the biomechanics during running. In a second step one would have to determine the contributions of the mechanical adaptations to running performance using lab based running economy measurements. This study addresses the first part of investigating the mechanical changes produced by systematically affecting the features of the VP4 shoe.
{"title":"Does deconstructing the Nike Vaporfly 4% affect running mechanics?","authors":"A. Subramanium, B. Nigg","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199427","url":null,"abstract":"The running economy improvements observed in the Nike Vaporfly 4% (VP4) shoe have been proposed to be a result of different specific features of the shoe, such as the curved carbon fibre plate, forefoot geometry, and the PEBAX (polyether block amide) foam (Hoogkamer et al., 2018). However, until recently, most studies quantified physiological and biomechanical variables in the VP4 alongside previously established running shoes. This approach has not enabled researchers to explain the specific effects of each unique feature of the shoe. In order to understand how and by how much specific feature of the VP4 affect running performance, one must first quantify, how and how much the specific feature of interest affects the biomechanics during running. In a second step one would have to determine the contributions of the mechanical adaptations to running performance using lab based running economy measurements. This study addresses the first part of investigating the mechanical changes produced by systematically affecting the features of the VP4 shoe.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S164 - S165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47936302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199276
Shunsuke Yamagata, Masasu Ichikawa, T. Tagawa
As the number of elderly people around the world increase, much attention has been paid to research on risk factors for falls. In particular, it is known that tripping is the most common cause of falls among the elderly as they tend to utilize a shuffling gait. In recent years, the spread of wearable sensors has facilitated research on gait in daily life, and it has been discussed that it deviates from gait in the laboratory because daily life gait is affected by environmental changes, such as curves and lighting, as well as other changes, such as multitasking and fatigue. However, these studies were often limited to comparisons of indices that represent gait motion, such as gait speed and step length.
{"title":"Pilot study on foot movement in daily life gait for fall prevention","authors":"Shunsuke Yamagata, Masasu Ichikawa, T. Tagawa","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199276","url":null,"abstract":"As the number of elderly people around the world increase, much attention has been paid to research on risk factors for falls. In particular, it is known that tripping is the most common cause of falls among the elderly as they tend to utilize a shuffling gait. In recent years, the spread of wearable sensors has facilitated research on gait in daily life, and it has been discussed that it deviates from gait in the laboratory because daily life gait is affected by environmental changes, such as curves and lighting, as well as other changes, such as multitasking and fatigue. However, these studies were often limited to comparisons of indices that represent gait motion, such as gait speed and step length.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S43 - S44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2204556
Emily Karolidis, M. Hahn
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears occur at a 3x higher rate in female soccer athletes than males (Wald en et al., 2010). This sex-based disparity is associated with differences in neuromuscular control, joint laxity, and anatomical alignment, altering kinetic and kinematic performance profiles (Decker et al., 2003). These differences widen with fatigue, furthering the risk of injury in females (Kernozek et al., 2007). Despite mechanical differences between sex, soccer footwear is designed for male users. With known sex differences in movement patterns and joint loading, it should not be assumed that females are able to withstand the same amount of traction as males. High traction footwear may exacerbate female susceptibility to torsional injury mechanisms, such as those of ACL injury, if rotational resistance exceeds ligament loading capacity (Butler et al., 2012). Cleat outsole properties, such as stud shape, are moderators of rotational resistance at the shoe-surface interface (Butler et al., 2012). However, the effect of stud shape on female mechanics remains unknown.
前交叉韧带(ACL)撕裂在女性足球运动员中的发生率是男性的3倍(Wald等人，2010)。这种基于性别的差异与神经肌肉控制、关节松弛和解剖对齐的差异有关，从而改变了动力学和运动学表现(Decker et al.， 2003)。这些差异随着疲劳而扩大，增加了女性受伤的风险(Kernozek et al.， 2007)。尽管性别之间存在机械差异，但足球鞋是为男性用户设计的。由于已知性别在运动模式和关节负荷上的差异，我们不应该假设女性能够承受与男性相同的牵引力。如果旋转阻力超过韧带负荷能力，高牵引力鞋可能会加剧女性对扭转损伤机制的易感性，例如前交叉韧带损伤(Butler等，2012)。清晰的外底特性，如螺柱形状，是鞋面界面旋转阻力的调节剂(Butler等，2012)。然而，螺柱形状对女性力学的影响尚不清楚。
{"title":"Changes in knee mechanics with systemic fatigue and soccer cleat stud shape appear to differ by sex","authors":"Emily Karolidis, M. Hahn","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2204556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2204556","url":null,"abstract":"Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears occur at a 3x higher rate in female soccer athletes than males (Wald en et al., 2010). This sex-based disparity is associated with differences in neuromuscular control, joint laxity, and anatomical alignment, altering kinetic and kinematic performance profiles (Decker et al., 2003). These differences widen with fatigue, furthering the risk of injury in females (Kernozek et al., 2007). Despite mechanical differences between sex, soccer footwear is designed for male users. With known sex differences in movement patterns and joint loading, it should not be assumed that females are able to withstand the same amount of traction as males. High traction footwear may exacerbate female susceptibility to torsional injury mechanisms, such as those of ACL injury, if rotational resistance exceeds ligament loading capacity (Butler et al., 2012). Cleat outsole properties, such as stud shape, are moderators of rotational resistance at the shoe-surface interface (Butler et al., 2012). However, the effect of stud shape on female mechanics remains unknown.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S199 - S200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45437220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199397
J. Isherwood, Myunghoo Kwak, Jusung Lee, Suyeon Park, T. Sterzing
The golf swing is heavily influenced by the feet, being the points of ground contact. How the foot/shoe units interact with the ground is crucial, resembling the platform for golfers to perform a successful swing (Worsfold, 2011). Research examined the kinetics and kinematics of the golf swing and how they relate to club head speed as a marker for golf performance. Golf shoes research examined the kinetic performance of different outsoles. Traction differed between golf shoes with spikes, alternative spikes and a smooth outsole (Worsfold et al., 2009). Barefoot research has been applied to understand footwear functionality in running (Sinclair et al., 2013), and also soccer, assisting shoe design to maximize kicking velocity (Sterzing & Hennig, 2008). Understanding the impact of golf shoes on golf performance and biomechanics, may assist golf shoe design.
高尔夫挥杆很大程度上受到脚的影响，脚是地面接触的点。脚/鞋单元如何与地面相互作用至关重要，类似于高尔夫球手成功挥杆的平台（Worsfold，2011）。研究考察了高尔夫挥杆的动力学和运动学，以及它们与球杆杆头速度之间的关系，以此作为高尔夫表现的标志。高尔夫球鞋研究考察了不同外底的运动性能。有钉鞋、替代钉鞋和光滑外底的高尔夫鞋的抓地力不同（Worsfold等人，2009）。赤脚研究已被应用于了解跑步中的鞋类功能（Sinclair et al.，2013），以及足球，帮助鞋子设计最大限度地提高踢球速度（Sterzing&Hennig，2008）。了解高尔夫球鞋对高尔夫性能和生物力学的影响，可能有助于高尔夫球鞋的设计。
{"title":"Influence of golf shoes on performance compared to barefoot golfing","authors":"J. Isherwood, Myunghoo Kwak, Jusung Lee, Suyeon Park, T. Sterzing","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199397","url":null,"abstract":"The golf swing is heavily influenced by the feet, being the points of ground contact. How the foot/shoe units interact with the ground is crucial, resembling the platform for golfers to perform a successful swing (Worsfold, 2011). Research examined the kinetics and kinematics of the golf swing and how they relate to club head speed as a marker for golf performance. Golf shoes research examined the kinetic performance of different outsoles. Traction differed between golf shoes with spikes, alternative spikes and a smooth outsole (Worsfold et al., 2009). Barefoot research has been applied to understand footwear functionality in running (Sinclair et al., 2013), and also soccer, assisting shoe design to maximize kicking velocity (Sterzing & Hennig, 2008). Understanding the impact of golf shoes on golf performance and biomechanics, may assist golf shoe design.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S130 - S131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199295
Chuyi Wang, Marlies Nitschke, J. Wannop, D. Stefanyshyn, Tobias Luckfiel, H. Schlarb, A. Koelewijn
Stack height is an important feature of running shoes, defined as the thickness of material separating the foot from the ground (Esculier et al., 2015). However, the effect of stack heights on running biomechanics has only recently been investigated systematically (Barrons et al., 2023). Compared to human testing, virtual testing with musculoskeletal simulation can provide biomechanical insights with fewer study participants and prototypes (Dorschky et al., 2019). So far, these studies have been performed only retrospectively, meaning that the desired answer was known at the time of virtual study. In this work, we studied the effect of stack height in dependently in a virtual study and a human experiment, to investigate if we can accurately predict the effect of stack height in a virtual study.
{"title":"Prediction of the effect of stack height on running biomechanics using optimal control simulation","authors":"Chuyi Wang, Marlies Nitschke, J. Wannop, D. Stefanyshyn, Tobias Luckfiel, H. Schlarb, A. Koelewijn","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199295","url":null,"abstract":"Stack height is an important feature of running shoes, defined as the thickness of material separating the foot from the ground (Esculier et al., 2015). However, the effect of stack heights on running biomechanics has only recently been investigated systematically (Barrons et al., 2023). Compared to human testing, virtual testing with musculoskeletal simulation can provide biomechanical insights with fewer study participants and prototypes (Dorschky et al., 2019). So far, these studies have been performed only retrospectively, meaning that the desired answer was known at the time of virtual study. In this work, we studied the effect of stack height in dependently in a virtual study and a human experiment, to investigate if we can accurately predict the effect of stack height in a virtual study.","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S78 - S79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45868270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199262
Johanna Robbin, Patrick Mai, J. Helwig, Steffen Willwacher
Since their launch in 2016, studies, reports and rumours have surrounded a potential performance boost for Nike’s super shoes (Quealy & Kath, 2019). The combination of novel, lightweight cushioning materials and carbon elements has been taken up by other manufacturers and has also been incorporated into spiked shoes. The impact of super shoes, particularly spikes, on track performance is not well understood (Healey et al., 2022).
自2016年推出以来，研究、报告和谣言都围绕着耐克超级鞋的潜在性能提升(Quealy & Kath, 2019)。这种新颖、轻便的缓冲材料和碳元素的结合已经被其他制造商采用，也被纳入了尖刺鞋中。超级鞋，特别是钉鞋，对田径成绩的影响还没有得到很好的理解(Healey et al.， 2022)。
{"title":"Does an analysis of the world top 100 track and road running performances provide an indication for the effects of super shoes and spikes?","authors":"Johanna Robbin, Patrick Mai, J. Helwig, Steffen Willwacher","doi":"10.1080/19424280.2023.2199262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2023.2199262","url":null,"abstract":"Since their launch in 2016, studies, reports and rumours have surrounded a potential performance boost for Nike’s super shoes (Quealy & Kath, 2019). The combination of novel, lightweight cushioning materials and carbon elements has been taken up by other manufacturers and has also been incorporated into spiked shoes. The impact of super shoes, particularly spikes, on track performance is not well understood (Healey et al., 2022).","PeriodicalId":45905,"journal":{"name":"Footwear Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"S16 - S17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44857185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2023.2199399
Sean A. Brown, Joshua M. Lardie, Jake A. Melaro, K. Dickson, J. Sorochan, Joshua T. Weinhandl
Synthetic turf field installations have increased over recent years due to the increased usage and durability during adverse weather conditions compared to natural grass (Elvidge et al., 2022). However, there is ongoing debate about the impact that a synthetic surface has on injury rates (Gould et al., 2022). Excessive and repetitive loads are believed to be a cause of overuse injuries (McGhie & Ettema, 2013). Tibial acceleration is a strong indicator of loadrates (Tenforde et al., 2020).
近年来，由于与天然草坪相比，人造草坪在恶劣天气条件下的使用和耐用性增加，人造草坪的安装数量有所增加(Elvidge等人，2022年)。然而，关于合成表面对损伤率的影响仍存在争议(Gould et al.， 2022)。过度和重复负荷被认为是过度使用损伤的原因(McGhie & Ettema, 2013)。胫骨加速度是负荷率的一个重要指标(Tenforde et al.， 2020)。
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