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Decolonising the school curriculum in an era of political polarisation 在政治两极分化的时代,将学校课程去殖民化
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.27
Shahnaz Akhter, Matthew Watson
Recent consciously curated conditions of political polarisation have prevented English schools from taking even the first tentative steps towards decolonising the curriculum. Since returning to power in 2010, successive Conservative Secretaries of State for Education have resolved to restore traditional learning methods to English classrooms, championing the need for children to passively accept content chosen for them by government appointees who are answerable to political rather than to pedagogical priorities. This had already created an unsupportive political environment for transforming what children might learn, before such difficulties were magnified following the Brexit referendum of 2016. Decolonisation has increasingly been identified by Conservative Party strategists as one of their beloved wedge issues, something that can be used to stoke electorally expedient anger against ‘the Remainer elite’ among Leave-voting communities. Hopes for a serious debate about the principles of decolonisation were frustrated by the Johnson government hijacking the very mention of the word to use as evidence that the ‘woke’ brigade was running hopelessly out of control. The case for decolonising the English school curriculum has been subjected to a full-frontal populist culture-war attack on an educational establishment accused of refusing to allow children to see the good in their country.
最近有意识地策划的政治两极分化状况使英国学校甚至无法迈出课程非殖民化的第一步。自2010年重新掌权以来,历任保守党教育大臣都决心在英语课堂上恢复传统的学习方法,支持孩子们被动接受政府任命的官员为他们选择的内容,这些官员对政治而非教学优先事项负责。在2016年英国脱欧公投后,这些困难被放大之前,这已经为改变儿童可能学习的东西创造了一个不支持的政治环境。保守党战略家越来越多地将去殖民化视为他们钟爱的楔子问题之一,这可以用来在脱欧投票社区中煽动选民对“留欧精英”的愤怒。约翰逊政府劫持了这个词作为“觉醒”旅失控的证据,这让人们对就非殖民化原则进行认真辩论的希望破灭了。英国学校课程非殖民化的案例遭到了对一家教育机构的全面正面民粹主义文化战争攻击,该机构被指控拒绝让孩子们看到自己国家的美好。
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引用次数: 1
Private school choice among Muslim parents: the public–private school decision in Delhi, India 穆斯林家长对私立学校的选择:印度德里公立-私立学校的决定
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.25
Manjuma Akhtar Mousumi, T. Kusakabe
This article examines Muslim parents’ private school choice, their understanding of public–private schooling and how they navigate the choice between fee-free public schools and fee-charging private schools. This article draws on qualitative data from open-ended, semi-structured interviews with 38 parents from Muslim-majority areas in Delhi, India. The findings show that parents choose private schools for several reasons, such as their proximity, discipline, emphasis on Islamic teachings and values, safety and caring teachers. The analysis suggests that structural and social factors influence and construct parents’ choice of a particular school. The neighbourhood where they reside, their minority status, their socio-economic and demographic profile, and the type of schools that are available to them influence their decision making.
本文考察了穆斯林家长对私立学校的选择,他们对公立-私立学校的理解,以及他们如何在免费公立学校和收费私立学校之间做出选择。本文采用了来自印度德里穆斯林占多数地区的38名家长的开放式半结构化访谈的定性数据。研究结果表明,家长选择私立学校有几个原因,如学校的邻近性、纪律、对伊斯兰教义和价值观的重视、安全和关爱教师。分析表明,结构和社会因素影响和建构了父母对特定学校的选择。他们居住的社区、他们的少数民族地位、他们的社会经济和人口状况,以及他们可以就读的学校类型,都会影响他们的决策。
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引用次数: 0
Berry Mayall and Roy Bhaskar: critical thinkers Berry Mayall和Roy Bhaskar:批判性思想家
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.24
P. Alderson
Exchanges between the great range of disciplines and experts within IOE (Institute of Education), UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society (University College London, UK), can be very productive. This article celebrates two professors who, in markedly different ways, have transformed interdisciplinary understanding of their chosen specialties. Some of their ideas are summarised here to encourage readers who could benefit from their publications and are not yet familiar with them to be keen to study and gain from them. Berry Mayall and Roy Bhaskar might seem too dissimilar to fit into one article. Berry worked here for nearly fifty years, Roy for only seven. One was a sociologist, working mainly on empirical research, the other a philosopher developing extremely advanced theories. Yet they both developed critical new ideas and were under-recognised within IOE despite their international influence. Roy is such a prestigious philosopher, many may wonder why a whole article is not dedicated to him. My aims include recording some benefits of the interdisciplinary thinking he promoted. This article briefly considers some of the ideas that each developed and why these are important; their collaborative work; memories from colleagues they have influenced; and their contribution to IOE’s history and, potentially, to its future.
IOE(教育学院)、伦敦大学学院教育与社会学院(英国伦敦大学学院)内的众多学科和专家之间的交流可能非常富有成效。这篇文章赞扬了两位教授,他们以明显不同的方式改变了对所选专业的跨学科理解。这里总结了他们的一些想法,以鼓励那些可以从他们的出版物中受益但还不熟悉它们的读者热衷于学习并从中受益。Berry Mayall和Roy Bhaskar可能看起来太不一样了,不适合放在一篇文章中。贝里在这里工作了将近五十年,罗伊只工作了七年。一位是社会学家,主要从事实证研究,另一位是哲学家,发展了极其先进的理论。然而,尽管他们具有国际影响力,但他们都发展出了批判性的新思想,并在IOE内部受到了低估。罗伊是一位享有盛誉的哲学家,许多人可能会想,为什么整篇文章都没有献给他。我的目标包括记录他提倡的跨学科思维的一些好处。这篇文章简要地考虑了每一个发展起来的一些想法,以及为什么这些想法很重要;他们的合作工作;他们影响过的同事的回忆;以及他们对IOE历史的贡献,以及对其未来的潜在贡献。
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引用次数: 2
Disciplinary knowledge for what ends? The values dimension of curriculum research in the Anthropocene 纪律知识的目的是什么?人类世课程研究的价值维度
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.23
David R. Mitchell, Alexis Stones
This article makes the case for repositioning values and ethics as central to understanding how curriculum knowledge can be educationally powerful. Disciplinary knowledge can help individuals make sense of the present, explore alternative futures and participate in society, making ethical choices about how to live. This, however, depends on particular relationships between curriculum, disciplinary knowledge, values and ethical perspectives. We argue that the recent research agenda exploring disciplinary knowledge underplays the values dimension in how curriculum knowledge is constructed and used. First, we give an overview of the recent thrust of curriculum debates in subject education communities, placing this in some historical context. Here, we recognise the need to make a robust case for school subjects and their important relationship with disciplines. We go on to examine some arguments around the role of knowledge in curriculum. Taking the concept of the Anthropocene (the human epoch of the planet) and from our perspectives as geography and religious education educators, we propose a focus on ethical disposition and interdisciplinarity to make the values dimensions of curriculum knowledge more visible.
本文提出了重新定位价值观和伦理的理由,将其作为理解课程知识如何在教育上强大的核心。学科知识可以帮助个人理解现在,探索其他未来,参与社会,对如何生活做出道德选择。然而,这取决于课程、学科知识、价值观和道德观之间的特殊关系。我们认为,最近探索学科知识的研究议程低估了如何构建和使用课程知识的价值维度。首先,我们概述了学科教育界最近课程辩论的主旨,并将其置于一些历史背景下。在这里,我们认识到有必要为学校科目及其与学科的重要关系提供有力的理由。我们继续研究一些关于知识在课程中的作用的争论。基于人类世(地球上的人类时代)的概念,从我们作为地理和宗教教育工作者的角度来看,我们建议关注伦理倾向和跨学科性,以使课程知识的价值观维度更加明显。
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引用次数: 2
Education and equalities in Britain, 2010–2022: due regard and disregard in a time of pandemic 2010-2022年英国的教育与平等:疫情时期的应有重视和忽视
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.22
R. Richardson
This article recalls the key concept of due regard in the Equality Act 2010 and outlines how it was increasingly ignored by the Department for Education (DfE) in England in the following decade. Further, it speculates that if the concept of due regard had been observed more rigorously across all government departments, the COVID-19 pandemic would have been less tragic and traumatising in its effects, and less responsible for deepening inequalities throughout British society. It concludes that the Act should be revisited, revised and re-emphasised.
本文回顾了《2010年平等法》中适当考虑的关键概念,并概述了在接下来的十年里,英国教育部如何越来越忽视这一概念。此外,它推测,如果所有政府部门都更严格地遵守适当关注的概念,新冠肺炎大流行的悲剧和创伤就会减轻,对加深整个英国社会的不平等也会减轻。它的结论是,应该重新审视、修订和强调该法。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary school students’ mathematical reasoning skills: a mediation analysis 新冠肺炎疫情对小学生数学推理能力的影响:中介分析
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.19
K. Coskun, C. Kara
The present research aimed to reveal how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the mathematical reasoning of primary school students through mediation analysis. It was designed as ex post facto research. The research sample consisted of two cohorts. Cohort 1 included 415 primary school children who received face-to-face instruction by attending school for six months until COVID-19 emerged. Cohort 2 included 964 children who were taught curricular skills through distance education due to COVID-19 and school closures. In total, 1,379 primary school children were recruited into the research sample. Data were collected through a mathematical reasoning test by sending items from the instrument via Google Docs. The data were analysed with mediation analysis. Results demonstrated that the school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced mathematical reasoning skills. Findings are discussed in the light of human interaction and Cattell’s intelligence theory.
本研究旨在通过中介分析揭示新冠肺炎疫情对小学生数学推理的影响。它被设计为事后研究。研究样本由两个队列组成。队列1包括415名小学生,他们在新冠肺炎出现前的六个月里通过上学接受面对面的指导。第2组包括964名儿童,他们因新冠肺炎和学校关闭而通过远程教育获得课程技能。研究样本共招募了1379名小学生。数据是通过数学推理测试收集的,通过谷歌文档从仪器中发送项目。通过中介分析对数据进行了分析。结果表明,新冠肺炎疫情导致的学校关闭对数学推理技能产生了负面影响。这些发现是根据人类互动和卡特尔的智力理论进行讨论的。
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引用次数: 3
Education, decolonisation and international development at the Institute of Education (London): a historical analysis 伦敦教育学院的教育、非殖民化与国际发展:历史分析
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.18
E. Unterhalter, L. Kadiwal
In this article, we review the process of building relationships around education and international development at IOE (Institute of Education), UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society (University College London, UK). The analysis looks at how hierarchies linked to colonialism were inscribed in initial structures, and unevenly and disparately contested by students, staff and a range of interlocutors around the world over one hundred years. The article considers how this history shapes practice in the present and perspectives on the future. In describing and reflecting on processes for change, the article considers some of the questioning, discussion and new forms of relationship that are emerging as part of trying to develop an orientation away from a colonial past. Efforts to decolonise education have raised questions and actions associated with reimagining practice. We reflect on what we have learned and unlearned from our efforts to promote decolonial, socially just alternatives.
在这篇文章中,我们回顾了伦敦大学学院教育与社会学院(英国伦敦大学学院)IOE(教育学院)围绕教育和国际发展建立关系的过程。该分析着眼于与殖民主义有关的等级制度是如何被纳入最初的结构中的,以及一百年来世界各地的学生、工作人员和一系列对话者如何不均衡、不公平地争论。这篇文章思考了这段历史如何塑造现在的实践,以及对未来的展望。在描述和反思变革过程时,文章考虑了一些质疑、讨论和新形式的关系,这些问题、讨论和关系是试图摆脱殖民历史的一部分。教育非殖民化的努力提出了与重新构想实践相关的问题和行动。我们反思我们在促进非殖民化、社会公正的替代方案的努力中所学到的和没有学到的东西。
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引用次数: 8
Knowledge and sociality: on the Institute of Education (London) as a second home 知识与社会性:把伦敦教育学院作为第二故乡
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.16
M. Apple
I have had a close and long-standing relationship with the IOE (Institute of Education), UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society (University College London, UK). In order to understand why and how for many years the IOE became my ‘second home’, I infuse this article with a combination of critical academic and political points and a detailed sense of personal history. In the process, I trace out the development of a number of my arguments about the relationship between knowledge, power and education. I connect this to the role of the IOE in this development, both as an institution and with regard to people with whom I had close contacts over the years. Among the people I particularly focus on is Geoff Whitty, who was a key figure in all of this.
我与伦敦大学学院教育与社会学院IOE(英国伦敦大学学院)有着密切而长期的关系。为了理解IOE为什么以及如何在许多年里成为我的“第二个家”,我在这篇文章中融入了批判性的学术和政治观点,以及对个人历史的详细了解。在这个过程中,我追溯了我关于知识、权力和教育之间关系的一些论点的发展。我将此与IOE在这一发展中的作用联系起来,无论是作为一个机构,还是作为多年来与我有密切接触的人。我特别关注的人中有杰夫·惠蒂,他是这一切的关键人物。
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引用次数: 1
Karl Mannheim and Jean Floud: a false start for the sociology of education in Britain? 卡尔·曼海姆和让·弗劳德:英国教育社会学的错误开端?
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.15
M. Hammersley
Arriving in the UK after exile from Nazi Germany, Karl Mannheim taught sociology at the London School of Economics and then also at the London Institute of Education, where he was awarded a chair just a year before his untimely death in 1947. In his later writings and teaching, Mannheim argued that the sociology of education could make a crucial contribution to the new type of society he regarded as essential if the problems of liberal democracy were to be overcome, and the slide towards totalitarianism avoided. And the period immediately after his death was a key phase in the development and establishment of the sociology of education in Britain. Jean Floud, who took over teaching the subject at the Institute of Education after Mannheim’s death, played a central role in this, but, while she had studied with him and served as his research assistant, she adopted a very different approach. This focused, in particular, on whether the existing structure and operation of educational institutions restricted social mobility. As a result of this change in focus, Mannheim’s work had a very marginal role in the subsequent history of British sociology of education. In this article, I compare Mannheim’s and Floud’s competing conceptions of the character and role of the subdiscipline, and how these fared in later developments within the field.
卡尔·曼海姆(Karl Mannheim)从纳粹德国流亡到英国后,先后在伦敦经济学院(London School of Economics)和伦敦教育学院(London Institute of Education)教授社会学,并在1947年英年早逝的前一年被授予教授职位。在他后来的著作和教学中,曼海姆认为,如果要克服自由民主的问题,避免滑向极权主义,教育社会学可以对他认为必不可少的新型社会做出关键贡献。他去世后的一段时期是英国教育社会学发展和建立的关键时期。在曼海姆去世后,让·弗洛德(Jean Floud)在教育学院(Institute of Education)接管了这门学科的教学,她在这方面发挥了核心作用,但是,虽然她曾与曼海姆一起学习,并担任他的研究助理,但她采用了一种截然不同的方法。这尤其集中于教育机构的现有结构和运作是否限制了社会流动。由于这一关注点的变化,曼海姆的著作在随后的英国教育社会学历史中扮演了一个非常边缘的角色。在这篇文章中,我比较了Mannheim和Floud关于子学科的特征和作用的相互竞争的概念,以及这些概念在该领域后来的发展中是如何发展的。
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引用次数: 2
Jagdish Gundara: broadening the field of intercultural studies at the Institute of Education (London) 贾格迪什·冈达拉(Jagdish Gundara):在伦敦教育学院拓宽跨文化研究领域
IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.14324/lre.20.1.17
Namrata Sharma
This article discusses three (among many) contributions made by Jagdish S. Gundara (1938–2016) to the IOE (Institute of Education), UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society (University College London, UK). First, in his capacity as a professor and UNESCO Chair, and as the director of the International Centre for Intercultural Education since its inception in 1979, Gundara was instrumental in making the IOE a national and global space for discussions related to topics such as multiculturalism and diversity in education. Second, Gundara’s own research and scholarly work made the IOE an attractive place for colleagues and students interested in broadening the field of intercultural studies. Finally, the article considers Gundara’s third contribution to the IOE: those who knew him closely would agree that his friendly disposition has enhanced the culture of the institution as a vibrant community of local-global scholars. This article reflects on such aspects of Gundara’s work and legacy. In doing so it attempts to provide a glimpse into his personal and professional journeys, and the three phases of his intercultural experiences – his childhood in Nairobi, Kenya, as the son of immigrants from India; his studies at universities across North America and the UK; and, finally, his career as an educator at the IOE in London.
本文讨论了Jagdish S. Gundara(1938-2016)对伦敦大学学院教育与社会学院(英国伦敦大学学院)IOE(教育研究所)的三个(众多)贡献。首先,冈达拉以教授和教科文组织主席的身份,以及自1979年国际跨文化教育中心成立以来担任该中心主任的身份,推动国际文化中心成为讨论多元文化主义和教育多样性等主题的国家和全球空间。其次,Gundara本人的研究和学术工作使IOE成为有兴趣拓宽跨文化研究领域的同事和学生的一个有吸引力的地方。最后,本文考虑了Gundara对IOE的第三个贡献:那些熟悉他的人都会同意,他的友好性格增强了IOE的文化,使其成为一个充满活力的地方-全球学者社区。这篇文章反映了冈达拉的工作和遗产的这些方面。在此过程中,本书试图让读者一瞥他的个人和职业旅程,以及他跨文化经历的三个阶段——作为印度移民的儿子,他在肯尼亚内罗毕度过了童年;他在北美和英国的大学学习;最后,他的职业生涯是在伦敦的IOE担任教育家。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
London Review of Education
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