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State-Sponsored and Organized Crime Threats to Maritime Transportation Systems in the Context of the Attack on Ukraine 在袭击乌克兰的背景下,国家支持和有组织犯罪对海上运输系统的威胁
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.03.24
Rafal Cichocki
: Due to its strategic importance and vast impact on the world economy, maritime transport has become a cyber battlefield. Cybersecurity organizations across the world notice and analyze adversaries such as Bear from Russia, Panda from China, Buffalo from Vietnam, Chollima from North Korea (DPRK), and others from Columbia, India, Turkey, and Iran, as well as hacktivist and E ‐ Crime. In 2014 ‐ 2023, Ukraine became the object of massive cyberattacks aimed at its political, social, and economic destabilization. This situation changes the perception of cyberspace and its importance for ensuring the security of the global economy, in particular, the maritime economy. Reports published by the US Coast Guard show that. In this publication, the author reviews the cybersecurity threat landscape targeting the maritime industry and transportation systems and analyzes the technics, tactics, and procedures (TTPs) used by threat actors.
由于其战略重要性和对世界经济的巨大影响,海上运输已经成为一个网络战场。世界各地的网络安全组织都注意到并分析了对手,如俄罗斯的“熊”、中国的“熊猫”、越南的“水牛”、朝鲜的“千里马”,以及来自哥伦比亚、印度、土耳其和伊朗的其他对手,以及黑客主义者和E - Crime。2014年至2023年,乌克兰成为旨在破坏其政治、社会和经济稳定的大规模网络攻击的目标。这种情况改变了人们对网络空间及其对确保全球经济特别是海洋经济安全的重要性的认识。美国海岸警卫队发布的报告显示。在本出版物中,作者回顾了针对海运业和运输系统的网络安全威胁形势,并分析了威胁行为者使用的技术、战术和程序(TTPs)。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis Of The Carbon Footprint In Maritime Transport: Challenges And Opportunities For Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 海运碳足迹分析:减少温室气体排放的挑战与机遇
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.01.22
A. Karas
: The process of decarbonization and the pursuit of zero ‐ emissions growth are a challenge for maritime transport, while strict environmental regulations regarding greenhouse gas emissions call for changes in both organizational and technological processes. The aim of the article is to present the problem of carbon footprint in relation to the maritime transport industry . The article discusses the negative impact of sea transport on the environment. The main research objective was to shed light on carbon footprint in the context of maritime transport as well as to identify the possibilities of its reduction, including through regulatory measures. Various research methods were used in the study, including a literature review, a review of the documentation of IMO regulations, reports and an analysis of technologies implemented to reduce pollutant emissions in maritime transport.
脱碳和追求零排放增长的过程对海上运输来说是一个挑战,而严格的温室气体排放环境法规要求在组织和技术过程中进行变革。这篇文章的目的是提出碳足迹的问题,与海上运输业。本文讨论了海上运输对环境的负面影响。主要研究目标是阐明海运背景下的碳足迹,并确定减少碳足迹的可能性,包括通过管制措施。这项研究使用了各种研究方法,包括文献审查、海事组织条例文件审查、报告和为减少海上运输污染物排放而实施的技术分析。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation Study to Assess the Effect of Ship Beam on the Navigable Flow Conditions in Paris 船舶波束对巴黎通航流况影响的模拟研究
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.01.01
Marc Mansuy, M. Candries, K. Eloot, Sebastian Page
: Traversing the river Seine in Paris is challenging for inland vessels due to the density and diversity of local traffic that is encoun tered in a confined environment. The waterway authority, Voies navigables de France (VNF), commissioned a study to assess the relevance of the current regulations when vessels of varying types cross Paris. A first simulation study showed that
由于在狭窄的环境中遇到的当地交通的密度和多样性,穿越巴黎塞纳河对内陆船只来说是具有挑战性的。法国水道管理局(VNF)委托进行了一项研究,以评估不同类型船只通过巴黎时现行规定的相关性。第一个模拟研究表明
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引用次数: 0
Proposal of New Criteria Model on the Classification of Ports Open to Public Transport of the County Importance: Case Study – Zadar County 县域公共交通开放口岸分类新标准模型的提出——以扎达尔县为例
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.02.25
Ana Gundić, Dino Županović, M. Baric, Ljiljana Peričin
: Successful and sustainable development of county ports implies identification and assessment of all the elements that affect their performance. Several factors determine port’s performance out of which the most significant one is its position, usually in the centre of a town/settlement. This situation is the most common in the Mediterranean countries where small ports are usually in the centre of a settlement. Such a location of ports affects their urban and spatial planning, i.e., it affects planning the development of county ports. To determine a direction of development of any port (of county importance), analysis and assessment of the current port conditions as well as the role and proportion of its
县港口的成功和可持续发展意味着确定和评估影响其绩效的所有因素。有几个因素决定港口的表现,其中最重要的是它的位置,通常在城镇/定居点的中心。这种情况在地中海国家最为常见,那里的小港口通常位于移民点的中心。港口的位置影响其城市和空间规划,即影响县域港口的规划发展。确定任何一个港口的发展方向(县重要),分析和评估当前港口的条件以及其作用和比例
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引用次数: 0
Application of ‎Virtual Reality for Remote Ship Inspections and Surveys – A Systematic Review 虚拟现实在远程船舶检验和调查中的应用-系统审查
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.03.10
A. Sheriff, M. Anantharaman, Rabiul Islam, Hong-Oanh Nguyen
: The use of virtual reality for the establishment of compliance is a potential game ‐ changer in enabling real ‐ time remote inspections/ surveys of vessels. When provided with high ‐ speed internet access, robots or remote ‐ controlled inspection vehicles such as drones, crawlers, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and so on, may be equipped with remote inspection technologies (RITs), and smart optical cameras and sensor suites in conjunction with wearable technologies, and smart/ mobile devices, to carry out an aerial and underwater virtual assessment of the coating condition of the steel structural members of the vessel while transmitting the data in real ‐ time or near real ‐ time, via collaborative software. To ease the travel restrictions and border closures prompted by the Coronavirus (COVID ‐ 19), these novel technologies have been introduced by some flag states and classification as alternatives to traditional in ‐ person statutory inspections/ class surveys. This study
使用虚拟现实来建立合规性是实现船舶实时远程检查/调查的潜在改变者。当提供高速互联网接入时,机器人或远程控制的检查工具,如无人机、爬行器、无人驾驶飞行器(uav)等,可以配备远程检查技术(RITs)、智能光学相机和传感器套件,并与可穿戴技术和智能/移动设备相结合。通过协作软件实时或接近实时地传输数据,对船舶钢结构构件的涂层状况进行空中和水下虚拟评估。为了缓解冠状病毒(COVID - 19)引发的旅行限制和边境关闭,一些船旗国和船级社已经引入了这些新技术,作为传统的亲自法定检查/船级调查的替代品。本研究
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引用次数: 0
Maritime Sustainability and the Need for Global Performance Indicators in Shipping: An Empirical Investigation Based on the Shipping KPI Standard by BIMCO 航运可持续性与航运全球绩效指标的需求:基于BIMCO航运KPI标准的实证研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.04.01
Evangelos F. Darousos, Maximo Q. Mejia, Ioannis Panteladis, Aspasia Pastra
: This paper aims to cover a gap in maritime literature by analysing the performance of the international fleet through the BIMCO Shipping KPI System databases, and by highlighting the necessity for the adoption of Global Performance Indicators to serve the needs of a sustainable maritime industry. The paper investigates the complex interrelations of the various types of performance in shipping, consisting of 57,622 ships of all commercial types, operated from 26 countries, covering the environmental, health, safety management, HR management, navigational safety, operational, security, and technical performance. Results indicate that countries rank differently with regards to the aggregated performance of their respective shipping companies, signifying different managerial approaches. This paper contributes to the discourse of maritime governance, aiming to be of interest to all maritime stakeholders dealing with marine policies and institutional arrangements for the management and regulation of international shipping.
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引用次数: 0
Position Fixing and Uncertainty 定位与不确定性
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.04.15
Wlodzimierz Filipowicz
: Taken random observations are usually accompanied by rectified knowledge regarding their behaviour. In modern computer applications, raw data sets are usually exploited at learning phase. At this stage, available data are explored in order to extract necessary parameters required within the inference scheme computations. Crude data processing enables conditional dependencies extraction. It starts with up grading histograms and their uncertainty estimation. Exploiting principles of fuzzy systems one can obtain modified step-wise structure in the form of locally injective density functions. They can be perceived as conditional dependency diagrams with identi fied uncertainty that enables constructing basic probability assignments. Belief, uncertainty and plausibility measures are extracted from initial raw data sets. The paper undertakes problem of belief structures upgraded from uncertainty model in
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引用次数: 0
Increased Emergency Preparedness in Coastal Aquaculture 加强沿海水产养殖的应急准备
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.03.03
Cecilie Salomonsen, Ø. Selvik, T. Berg, T. Thorvaldsen
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引用次数: 0
Shoreline Extraction Based on LiDAR Data Obtained Using an USV 基于USV获取的激光雷达数据的海岸线提取
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.02.22
Armin Halicki, Mariusz Specht, A. Stateczny, C. Specht, Oktawia Lewicka
: This article explores the use of Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) derived point clouds to extract the shoreline of the Lake K ł odno (Poland), based on their geometry properties. The data collection was performed using the Velodyne VLP ‐ 16 laser scanner, which was mounted on the HydroDron Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). A modified version of the shoreline extraction method proposed by Xu et al. was employed, comprising of the following steps: (1) classifying the point cloud using the Euclidean cluster extraction with a tolerance parameter of 1 m and min. cluster size of 10,000 points, (2) further filtration of boundary points by removing those with height above 1 m from the measured elevation of water surface, (3) manual determination of a curve consisting of 5 points located along the entire shoreline extraction region at a relatively constant distant from the coast, (4) removal of points that are further from the curve than the average distance, repeated twice. The method was tested on the scanned section of the lake shoreline for which Ground Control Points (GCP) were measured using a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real Time Kinematic (RTK) receiver. Then, the results were compared to the ground truth data, obtaining an average position error of 2.12 m with a standard deviation of 1.11 m. The max error was 5.54 m, while the min. error was 0.41 m, all calculated on 281 extracted shoreline points. Despite the limitations of this parametric, semi ‐ supervised approach, those preliminary results demonstrate the potential for accurate shoreline extraction based on LiDAR data obtained using an USV. Further testing and optimisation of this method for larger scale and better generalisation for different waterbodies are necessary to fully assess its effectiveness and feasibility. In this context, it is essential to develop computationally efficient methods for approximating shorelines that can accurately determine their course based on a set of points.
本文探讨了使用光探测和测距(LiDAR)导出的点云来提取K * odno湖(波兰)的海岸线,基于它们的几何特性。数据收集使用安装在HydroDron无人水面飞行器(USV)上的Velodyne VLP‐16激光扫描仪进行。采用Xu等人提出的海岸线提取方法的改进版本,包括以下步骤:(1)采用欧几里得聚类提取对点云进行分类,误差参数为1 m,最小聚类大小为10000个点;(2)进一步过滤边界点,从测量水面高程中去除高度在1 m以上的边界点;(3)在距离海岸相对恒定的距离上,沿整个海岸线提取区域人工确定由5个点组成的曲线;(4)去除距离曲线远于平均距离的点,重复两次。该方法在使用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)实时运动学(RTK)接收机测量地面控制点(GCP)的湖岸线扫描段上进行了测试。然后,将结果与地面真值数据进行比较,得到平均位置误差为2.12 m,标准差为1.11 m。最大误差为5.54 m,最小误差为0.41 m,均在提取的281个岸线点上计算。尽管这种参数化、半监督的方法存在局限性,但这些初步结果表明,基于USV获得的激光雷达数据,可以精确提取海岸线。为了充分评估该方法的有效性和可行性,有必要进一步对该方法进行更大规模的测试和优化,并更好地推广到不同的水体。在这种情况下,开发计算效率高的方法来近似海岸线是至关重要的,这些方法可以根据一组点准确地确定海岸线的路线。
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引用次数: 0
Control of Electric Drive Tugboat Autonomous Formation 电动拖船自主编队控制
IF 0.6 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12716/1001.17.02.16
Wojciech Koznowski, Andrzej Lebkowski
: The automation of maritime transport is an indispensable trend towards full autonomy of maritime vessels. In this paper, an attempt was made to present the control system for port autonomous vessels using an agent system. On the basis of the conducted research, in order to optimize the energy consumption related to the movement of tugboats, the shape of the hull and the shape of the formation in which 4 tugboats are moving were selected. Several scenarios of navigational situations that may take place in port waters have been recognized. The conducted analysis have shown that the optimal shape of the hull of tugboats, the shape of the formation in which they move, as well as the determination of the passage route for the implementation of a specific task, can contribute to reducing both the carbon footprint and the energy consumption of the propulsion systems of tugboats. This is of significant importance in terms of reducing exhaust gas emissions in and around ports.
海上运输自动化是实现船舶完全自主的必然趋势。本文尝试采用代理系统来实现港口自主船舶的控制系统。在已有研究的基础上,为了优化拖船运动能耗,选择了4艘拖船运动时的船体形状和队形。已经认识到在港口水域可能发生的几种航行情况。分析表明,拖船的最佳船体形状、拖船移动的队形以及执行特定任务的通道路线的确定,有助于减少拖船推进系统的碳足迹和能耗。这对于减少港口内外的废气排放具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
TransNav-International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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