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Of Negroes, Jews and Kings 黑人,犹太人和国王
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.2001.10799083
Rui Carvalho Homem
AbstractThe second half of the 19th century witnessed the appearance of the first Portuguese versions of Shakespears’s plays directly translated from English. Previous attempts to present Shakespeare to Portuguese theatre-goers and readers had been made through at times very free ‘adaptations’, usually from French versions. Of the translators who gained greater distinction, there was one who could not fail to catch his readers’ attention. because he was their King. Luis I of Portugal (1838–1889, King from 1861), also a man of letters and a patron of the arts, translated and published ‘Hamlet’ (1877), ‘The Merchant of Venice’ (1879), ‘Richard III’ (1880) and ‘Othello’ (1885). His translations are often mentioned but seldom considered in any detail. This article reads them as the work of a late nineteenth-century monarch faced with the perplexities of royal power within a constitutional monarchy, of colonial power as held by a small nation in an increasingly competitive European scene, and of a society more...
摘要19世纪下半叶出现了第一批由英语直接翻译而成的莎士比亚戏剧的葡萄牙语版本。以前向葡萄牙戏剧观众和读者展示莎士比亚的尝试,有时是通过非常自由的“改编”,通常是从法语版本改编的。在那些声名显赫的翻译家中,有一位总是能引起读者的注意。因为他是他们的国王。葡萄牙国王路易斯一世(1838-1889,1861年登基)也是一位文学家和艺术赞助人,他翻译并出版了《哈姆雷特》(1877)、《威尼斯商人》(1879)、《理查三世》(1880)和《奥赛罗》(1885)。他的翻译经常被提及,但很少被详细考虑。本文将其解读为一位19世纪末的君主的作品,他面临着君主立宪制下的王权、一个小国在竞争日益激烈的欧洲舞台上掌握的殖民权力以及一个更加……
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引用次数: 1
Taking Liberties 以自由
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2000-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.2000.10799057
Mary Helen Mcmurran
Abstract This article offers a survey of translation practices in early novels, focusing on their source in a common European education in rhetoric and paying particular attention to translations of French and English novels written and translated between 1650 and 1800, the period generally recognized as the birth of the novel. The freedoms taken with translations can be traced to certain rhetorical exercises common from the Middle Ages through the 18th century. Yet, during the 18th century, as the novel was emerging, translators evince a particular predilection for amplifying sentiment and forging techniques of realism – the two primary developments of the eighteenth-century novel. Translators and translator-novelists identified that the ‘interest’ of the novel bore directly on the notion of sensibility, and that the translator’s goal was to develop this interest. They therefore foregrounded affectivity as the target of their revisions.
摘要:本文回顾了早期小说的翻译实践,重点关注了它们在欧洲共同修辞学教育中的来源,并特别关注了1650年至1800年间创作和翻译的法语和英语小说的翻译,这一时期通常被认为是小说的诞生时期。翻译的自由可以追溯到中世纪到18世纪常见的一些修辞练习。然而,在18世纪,随着小说的出现,译者表现出一种特别的偏好,即放大情感和锻造现实主义技巧——这是18世纪小说的两个主要发展。翻译家和翻译小说家认为,小说的“兴趣”直接与感性的概念有关,而译者的目标就是培养这种兴趣。因此,他们把情感作为修订的目标。
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引用次数: 5
Signs of Injustice 不公正的迹象
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799042
M. Brennan
AbstractRecent research on court interpreting has demonstrated that interpreters themselves often intrude upon proceedings more than they or other participants realize. Moreover, as in any interpreting, there is always some tension between the nature of the source and target language output. When interpreting occurs not just between two languages, but between two languages with different modalities - spoken and signed - the relationship between source and target texts can be even more complex. This article discusses some of the issues which arise in part because of differences in modality. Special attention is given to the notion of visual encoding in British Sign Language (BSL) whereby BSL incorporates information about the physical world in a more regular way than is typical of spoken languages. This results in dilemmas for the interpreter and potential problems of access to justice for the Deaf person.
摘要近年来对法庭口译的研究表明,口译员本身对诉讼程序的干预往往超出了他们或其他参与者的意识。此外,正如在任何口译中一样,源语和目标语输出的本质之间总是存在一些紧张关系。当口译不仅发生在两种语言之间,而且发生在两种不同形式的语言之间(口语和手语)时,源文本和目标文本之间的关系可能更加复杂。本文讨论了部分由于情态差异而产生的一些问题。特别注意的是视觉编码的概念在英国手语(BSL),其中BSL包含信息的物理世界在一个更有规律的方式比典型的口语。这给口译人员带来了困境,也给聋人寻求司法救助带来了潜在的问题。
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引用次数: 23
Dialogue Interpreting: A Selective Bibliography of Research 对话口译:研究书目选择
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799052
I. Mason
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引用次数: 8
The Interpreter on the (Talk) Show 脱口秀上的翻译
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799046
Francesco Straniero Sergio
AbstractThis paper analyses dialogue interpreting in the context of the televised talk show. In the first part I examine some basic issues related to broadcast talk. Among these are the television speech context, the distinction between on-screen and off-screen participants, the function of the presenter, the use of language and the goal of communication. In the second part of the article – using a framework which draws on conversational analysis, and taking data from a large corpus of Italian talk shows – I explore how the interpreter’s role and identity are interactionally constructed by participants. I argue that the talk show features a greater visibility and involvement of the interpreter in terms of meaning negotiation, topic management and turn-taking behaviour, all of which calls for extra competence as compared to other institutional settings. Finally, I point to the need for research to adopt a sociolinguistic approach in order to gear training to the realities of the interpreting profession.
摘要本文以电视谈话节目为背景,对对话口译进行分析。在第一部分中,我考察了与广播谈话有关的一些基本问题。其中包括电视演讲语境、屏幕上和屏幕外参与者的区别、主持人的功能、语言的使用和交流的目标。在文章的第二部分,我使用对话分析的框架,并从大量的意大利谈话节目语料库中获取数据,探索参与者如何互动地构建口译员的角色和身份。我认为,在谈话节目中,口译员在意义谈判、话题管理和轮流行为方面具有更大的可见度和参与度,与其他机构设置相比,所有这些都需要额外的能力。最后,我指出需要研究采用社会语言学的方法,以便使培训适应口译职业的现实。
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引用次数: 55
Telephone interpreting and the synchronization of talk in social interaction 电话口译与社会交往中的谈话同步性
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799043
Cecilia Wadensjö
AbstractThe present paper compares telephone interpreting and on-site interpreting in order to investigate the ways in which social interaction in these different interpreting situations is influenced by the setting. Two real-life encounters recorded at a police station are used to illustrate and explore differences in the participants’ - including the interpreter’s - conversational behaviour. The encounters involved the same participants and concerned the same case. In one encounter, the interpreter communicated by telephone, in the other she was present on site. The on-site exchange was strikingly more fluent, compared to the telephone-interpreted one. The difference is made manifest discursively, for instance in the average length of the participants’ turns at talk and in the patterns of overlapping speech. It would appears that a significant difference between the two types of interpreter-mediated encounters lies in the possibilities they provide for the participants to coordinate and to synchronize t...
摘要本文通过对电话口译和现场口译进行比较,探讨不同口译情境下社会互动受环境影响的方式。在警察局记录的两次真实遭遇被用来说明和探索参与者——包括翻译——谈话行为的差异。这些接触涉及同样的参与者,涉及同样的案件。在一次会面中,翻译通过电话沟通,在另一次会面中,她就在现场。与电话翻译相比,现场交流要流畅得多。这种差异在语篇上表现得很明显,例如参与者在谈话时轮流发言的平均长度和重叠讲话的模式。两种类型的解释器介导的遭遇之间的显著差异似乎在于它们为参与者提供了协调和同步的可能性。
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引用次数: 90
Course Profile: Relay Interpreting: A Solution for Languages of Limited Diffusion? 课程简介:传译:有限传播语言的解决方案?
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799051
H. Mikkelson
Clients of public service agencies are often speakers of minority languages or languages of limited diffusion (LLDs) for which it is difficult to find interpreters. If no interpreter is available in a given language combination, relay interpreting may provide a solution. This profile describes an attempt to address the shortage of indigenous language interpreters in the United States by training selected speakers of these languages to work in a relay situation with certified Spanish-English interpreters in a variety of settings. The course, ‘Indigenous Relay Interpreter Training’, was presented to two different groups by the International Interpretation Resource Centre in conjunction with two other agencies, under a grant from Oxfam America. Participants heard lectures about the different settings in which dialogue interpreters work and the role of the interpreter, collaborated on subject-matter glossaries in indigenous languages, and practised relay interpreting with English-Spanish interpreters....
公共服务机构的客户往往是少数民族语言或传播有限的语言(LLDs)的使用者,很难找到口译员。如果在给定的语言组合中没有可用的口译员,中继口译可能提供一个解决方案。本简介描述了一项解决美国土著语言口译人员短缺问题的尝试,方法是培训选定的这些语言的使用者在各种环境中与经过认证的西班牙-英语口译人员一起在接力情况下工作。这个名为“原住民传译训练”的课程,由国际传译资源中心联同另外两个机构,在乐施会美国分会的资助下,为两个不同的团体举办。与会者听取了关于对话口译工作的不同环境和口译员作用的讲座,就土著语言的主题词汇表进行了合作,并与英西口译员进行了接力口译练习....
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引用次数: 8
The Hospital Cleaner as Healthcare Interpreter 医院清洁工作为医疗保健口译员
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799039
Franz Pöchhacker, Mira Kadric
AbstractAgainst the background of current hospital interpreting practices in Vienna, the authors present a case study of an authentic therapeutic interaction in which a Serbian-speaking hospital cleaner serves as interpreter in a 47-minute voice therapy and briefing session. Communication between the two speech therapists and the ten-year-old voice patient and his parents from the former Yugoslavia (Bosnia) is described and analysed on the basis of twelve excerpts from thefull transcript of the videotaped interaction. The findings show that the untrained (‘natural’) interpreter clearly fails to maintain a consistent focus on her translatorial role and task and introduces significant shifts in the form as well as the substance of communication. Unaware of the cleaner-interpreter’s impact on the interaction, the therapists ultimately lose control over the quality and effectiveness of their professional work.
摘要在维也纳医院口译实践的背景下,作者提出了一个真实的治疗互动案例研究,其中一位讲塞尔维亚语的医院清洁工在47分钟的语音治疗和简报会议中担任口译员。两名语言治疗师与来自前南斯拉夫(波斯尼亚)的10岁语音患者及其父母之间的交流,根据互动录像的12段摘录进行了描述和分析。研究结果表明,未经训练的(“自然”)口译员显然未能始终专注于她的翻译角色和任务,并在交流的形式和内容上引入了重大变化。没有意识到清洁口译员对互动的影响,治疗师最终失去了对其专业工作质量和有效性的控制。
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引用次数: 77
Information Loss in Bilingual Medical Interviews through an Untrained Interpreter 未经培训的口译员在双语医学访谈中的信息丢失
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799041
Jan Cambridge
This paper presents research based on discourse analysis of seven extempore simulated consultations between practicing General Medical Practitioners and non-English speaking volunteer patients, wit...
本文介绍了一项基于话语分析的研究,研究对象是全科医生和非英语志愿者患者之间的7次临时模拟会诊。
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引用次数: 125
Police Interpreting: Politeness and Sociocultural Context 警察口译:礼貌与社会文化语境
IF 0.7 3区 文学 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13556509.1999.10799045
A. Krouglov
Police interpreting is somewhat unjustly neglected by most recent linguistic studies. As an act of necessary and therefore intense interpersonal and intercultural communication, police interpreting provides an excellent example of the way in which an interpreter deals with colloquialisms and hedges, as well as forms of address and other forms of politeness. This paper is based on the analysis of four short extracts from interviews with Russian witnesses conducted at a police station by English speaking detectives and interpreted by four different interpreters. The findings suggest that interpreters often avoid or change colloquialisms and hedges, which could provide evidence of pragmatic intention. The extracts also confirm that interpreters tend to misrepresent the speaker by introducing more polite forms, which in turn can make the testimony of a witness either less certain or more definite. A brief analysis of some in-group terminology in interpreting is also offered.
最近的语言学研究不公正地忽视了警察口译。警察口译作为一种必要的、因此也是强烈的人际间和跨文化交流行为,提供了一个很好的例子,说明口译员如何处理俗语和模糊限制语,以及称呼形式和其他形式的礼貌。这篇论文是基于对四个简短摘录的分析,这些摘录是由讲英语的侦探在警察局对俄罗斯证人进行的采访,并由四位不同的口译员进行翻译。研究结果表明,口译员经常避免或改变俗语和模糊限制语,这可以为语用意图提供证据。这些摘录还证实,口译员倾向于通过引入更礼貌的形式来歪曲说话人,这反过来又会使证人的证词更不确定或更明确。并对口译中的一些群体内术语作了简要分析。
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引用次数: 53
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