Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0041977x22000490
J. Nawas
{"title":"Fanny Bessard: Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700–950). (Oxford Studies in Byzantium.) xxviii, 360 pp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. £90. ISBN 978 0 19 885582 8.","authors":"J. Nawas","doi":"10.1017/s0041977x22000490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x22000490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45150045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X22000349
L. Doney
{"title":"Alice Collett (ed.):Translating Buddhism: Historical and Contextual Perspectives. x, 292 pp. Albany, New York: SUNY Press, 2021. ISBN 978 1 4384 8293 4.","authors":"L. Doney","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X22000349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X22000349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44151246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X22000453
John Latham-Sprinkle
Abstract This article proposes that *Magas, capital city of the North Caucasian Kingdom of Alania, can be identified with the gorodishche (hillfort) of Il'ichevsk, in Krasnodar Krai in the modern Russian Federation. The Kingdom of Alania was the most powerful polity in the North Caucasus in the tenth and eleventh centuries; however, the location of its capital has never been satisfactorily established. This article reviews the evidence of written sources on *Magas – notably Masʿūdī, Juvayni, Rashid al-Din, and the Yuan-Shi – and identifies four criteria which can be used to identify the site of *Magas. These are its occupation between the tenth and thirteenth centuries; the influence of the Alan kings over it; its massive fortifications; and its capture by the Mongols in 1239–40. All of these features can be identified at Il'ichevsk, in contrast to previously proposed sites of *Magas.
{"title":"The Alan capital *Magas: A preliminary identification of its location","authors":"John Latham-Sprinkle","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X22000453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X22000453","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article proposes that *Magas, capital city of the North Caucasian Kingdom of Alania, can be identified with the gorodishche (hillfort) of Il'ichevsk, in Krasnodar Krai in the modern Russian Federation. The Kingdom of Alania was the most powerful polity in the North Caucasus in the tenth and eleventh centuries; however, the location of its capital has never been satisfactorily established. This article reviews the evidence of written sources on *Magas – notably Masʿūdī, Juvayni, Rashid al-Din, and the Yuan-Shi – and identifies four criteria which can be used to identify the site of *Magas. These are its occupation between the tenth and thirteenth centuries; the influence of the Alan kings over it; its massive fortifications; and its capture by the Mongols in 1239–40. All of these features can be identified at Il'ichevsk, in contrast to previously proposed sites of *Magas.","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41297601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0041977x2200057x
{"title":"BSO volume 85 issue 1 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0041977x2200057x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x2200057x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48734717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X21000392
Yunfan Lai, Johann-Mattis List
author’s suggestion that the nomads did not engage in any agricultural activities (e.g. pp. 27–8) should be carefully reconsidered. The author devotes many pages to discussing in detail marriage negotiations between Turkish and Tang ruling houses, pointing out that no successful marital relationships were established. However, the Tang ruler tried to adopt the daughter of the second Turkish ruler, Kapgan Kagan, who defected from the Turkish Empire to Tang, and marry her to the third ruler, Bilgä Kagan. Mentioning this historical fact would have enriched the author’s discussion of this topic. Furthermore, the author upholds the position according to which the status of the ruler bestowing the wife is superior to the status of the ruler being granted a spouse (p. 56). A few years later, however, Uyghur and Tibetan rulers are known to have married Tang princesses, although they held more power than the Tang Dynasty. Even during the Turkish Empire, as the author mentions, there was an agreement for the marriage of the Turkish ruler’s daughter and a Chinese prince (pp. 62–3). If one is to accept the author’s interpretation, then the candidates for the marriage negotiation should have been replaced once the power balance between the rulers changed. This reviewer finds that further careful examination of the above historical facts is required in order to accept this author’s theory. In his discussion of the writing process of the Old Turkish inscriptions, the author suggests that a part of the text was added only later to the stele (p. 138). The author, however, does not point out any evidential traces on the stone monuments themselves. If some lines had been curved later by other writers, then their script shape, size, line distances and so on would have shown different characteristics. In addition, the writers of the later text probably calculated its length according to the limited remaining free space. Providing a clear solution to the above questions would make the author’s discussion of Old Turkish inscriptions worth considering. His discussion indicates, however, that the inscriptions remain privileged objects of research for future studies.
{"title":"Geoffrey Sampson: Voices from Early China: The Odes Demystified. 445 pp. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars’ Press, 2020. £67.99. ISBN 978 1 5275 5212 8.","authors":"Yunfan Lai, Johann-Mattis List","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X21000392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X21000392","url":null,"abstract":"author’s suggestion that the nomads did not engage in any agricultural activities (e.g. pp. 27–8) should be carefully reconsidered. The author devotes many pages to discussing in detail marriage negotiations between Turkish and Tang ruling houses, pointing out that no successful marital relationships were established. However, the Tang ruler tried to adopt the daughter of the second Turkish ruler, Kapgan Kagan, who defected from the Turkish Empire to Tang, and marry her to the third ruler, Bilgä Kagan. Mentioning this historical fact would have enriched the author’s discussion of this topic. Furthermore, the author upholds the position according to which the status of the ruler bestowing the wife is superior to the status of the ruler being granted a spouse (p. 56). A few years later, however, Uyghur and Tibetan rulers are known to have married Tang princesses, although they held more power than the Tang Dynasty. Even during the Turkish Empire, as the author mentions, there was an agreement for the marriage of the Turkish ruler’s daughter and a Chinese prince (pp. 62–3). If one is to accept the author’s interpretation, then the candidates for the marriage negotiation should have been replaced once the power balance between the rulers changed. This reviewer finds that further careful examination of the above historical facts is required in order to accept this author’s theory. In his discussion of the writing process of the Old Turkish inscriptions, the author suggests that a part of the text was added only later to the stele (p. 138). The author, however, does not point out any evidential traces on the stone monuments themselves. If some lines had been curved later by other writers, then their script shape, size, line distances and so on would have shown different characteristics. In addition, the writers of the later text probably calculated its length according to the limited remaining free space. Providing a clear solution to the above questions would make the author’s discussion of Old Turkish inscriptions worth considering. His discussion indicates, however, that the inscriptions remain privileged objects of research for future studies.","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47051125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0041977x22000568
{"title":"BSO volume 85 issue 1 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0041977x22000568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x22000568","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48315363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X22000404
M. Geller
{"title":"Nathan Wasserman and Elyze Zomer: Akkadian Magic Literature, Old Babylonian and Old Assyrian Incantations: Corpus–Context–Praxis. (Leipziger Altorientalistische Studien 12.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2022.","authors":"M. Geller","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X22000404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X22000404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0041977x22000520
C. Salah
{"title":"Yasin Dutton: Early Islam in Medina. Mālik and His Muwaṭṭa’. viii, 153 pp. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. £85. ISBN 978 1 3502 6186 0.","authors":"C. Salah","doi":"10.1017/s0041977x22000520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x22000520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42866056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X22000519
A. Sabra
Arabic edition is “199” (p. 14); “Iraquis” (p. 22); and the adverbial “sometimes” for the adjectival “sometime” (p. 54). Overall, however, the aim of an accessible and faithful introduction to this important figure is admirably accomplished. The inclusion of historically interesting poets like Ibn Ḥamdīs in the series is very welcome. The field of premodern Arabic literary studies has a long way to go to properly historicize premodern aesthetic projects and ideologies and Ibn Hamdis brings us closer to that goal, especially as both specialists from adjacent fields as well as interested readers without a deep background in the period, now have a quick read that offers significant insight into a unique figure in Arabic literary history.
{"title":"of a Commentator: ā ā and the Rhetoric of Muslim","authors":"A. Sabra","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X22000519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X22000519","url":null,"abstract":"Arabic edition is “199” (p. 14); “Iraquis” (p. 22); and the adverbial “sometimes” for the adjectival “sometime” (p. 54). Overall, however, the aim of an accessible and faithful introduction to this important figure is admirably accomplished. The inclusion of historically interesting poets like Ibn Ḥamdīs in the series is very welcome. The field of premodern Arabic literary studies has a long way to go to properly historicize premodern aesthetic projects and ideologies and Ibn Hamdis brings us closer to that goal, especially as both specialists from adjacent fields as well as interested readers without a deep background in the period, now have a quick read that offers significant insight into a unique figure in Arabic literary history.","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48179786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X22000313
Saloumeh Gholami
Abstract This paper* examines how Zoroastrians designate themselves (internal/self-designations), and how they are designated by others (external designations). Focusing on the term Gabr/Gavr as the external denotation for Zoroastrians and the term Gabrī/Gavrūnī as the designation for their language, it argues that these terms, once common in Western scholarship as well as among non-Zoroastrian Iranians, have become obsolete due to their pejorative undertones. However, they have recently been revived by some scholars, who justify such use with reference to the alleged etymology of Gabr as meaning “man” and by the fact that even some Zoroastrians use Gavr/Gavrūn and Gavrī/Gavrūnī as an internal designation for themselves and their language. This paper critically examines these views and argues that neither the etymology nor the internal self-designation justifies the use of these terms and proposes the term Zoroastrian Darī as the more appropriate designation of the language of the Zoroastrians of Iran.
{"title":"On the terminology designating the Zoroastrians of Iran and their language","authors":"Saloumeh Gholami","doi":"10.1017/S0041977X22000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X22000313","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper* examines how Zoroastrians designate themselves (internal/self-designations), and how they are designated by others (external designations). Focusing on the term Gabr/Gavr as the external denotation for Zoroastrians and the term Gabrī/Gavrūnī as the designation for their language, it argues that these terms, once common in Western scholarship as well as among non-Zoroastrian Iranians, have become obsolete due to their pejorative undertones. However, they have recently been revived by some scholars, who justify such use with reference to the alleged etymology of Gabr as meaning “man” and by the fact that even some Zoroastrians use Gavr/Gavrūn and Gavrī/Gavrūnī as an internal designation for themselves and their language. This paper critically examines these views and argues that neither the etymology nor the internal self-designation justifies the use of these terms and proposes the term Zoroastrian Darī as the more appropriate designation of the language of the Zoroastrians of Iran.","PeriodicalId":46190,"journal":{"name":"BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES-UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48374406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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