Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231193828
Myung-Ah Son, You-Yeon Kim
This study analyzed the new media practices of young North Korean defectors (YNKDs) who are portrayed in traditional media as the subject of South Korean stereotypes. Popular content on YouTube channels was examined to determine South Koreans’ perceptions of North Korea and North Korean defectors. We also interviewed YNKD YouTubers and classified the types of practices in response to such perceptions. The results indicated that South Korean subscribers prefer content highlighting South Korea’s superiority over North Korea. In response, YNKD YouTubers have produced content that may be characterized as “cultural assimilation,” “conflict and compromise” and “seeking alternatives.” This study found that the decisive factor that distinguishes these three response types is the pursuit of public interest, i.e., aiming to change South Koreans’ perception of North Korean defectors. Inner conflicts over financial benefits limit YNKDs’ practice and impede their move towards solidarity-based collective action. The findings suggest that YNKD YouTubers who want to change mainstream society’s perceptions can contribute to unification by producing authentic and creative content about North Korea.
{"title":"Young North Korean defectors’ new media practices in response to stereotypes by South Korean society","authors":"Myung-Ah Son, You-Yeon Kim","doi":"10.1177/01171968231193828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231193828","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the new media practices of young North Korean defectors (YNKDs) who are portrayed in traditional media as the subject of South Korean stereotypes. Popular content on YouTube channels was examined to determine South Koreans’ perceptions of North Korea and North Korean defectors. We also interviewed YNKD YouTubers and classified the types of practices in response to such perceptions. The results indicated that South Korean subscribers prefer content highlighting South Korea’s superiority over North Korea. In response, YNKD YouTubers have produced content that may be characterized as “cultural assimilation,” “conflict and compromise” and “seeking alternatives.” This study found that the decisive factor that distinguishes these three response types is the pursuit of public interest, i.e., aiming to change South Koreans’ perception of North Korean defectors. Inner conflicts over financial benefits limit YNKDs’ practice and impede their move towards solidarity-based collective action. The findings suggest that YNKD YouTubers who want to change mainstream society’s perceptions can contribute to unification by producing authentic and creative content about North Korea.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"502 1","pages":"263 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90470064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231191468
Jonathan Parhusip
As the nation with the most significant number of foreign fishers employed in its domestic and distant water fishing industries, Taiwan often comes under scrutiny due to numerous reports of poor working conditions, maltreatment and human rights abuses onboard fishing vessels. During employment, migrant fishers face the constant threat of food shortages on the high seas, lack of drinking water, unpaid salaries, long working hours and other human and labor rights abuses. The fishers’ journey often ends with unilateral contract termination and forced deportation. This paper argues that the opportunity for the migrant fishers to improve their working conditions depends on the social networks and connection to people or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that could offer know-how and resources to advocate for their rights. Focusing on the networking between Stella Maris International Seafarers’ Center in Kaohsiung (also known as Stella Maris Kaohsiung or SMK) and migrant-led organizations in Taiwan, this research note proposes the notion of “port infrastructure” to refer to networked support organization, promotes the rights of fishers, and the improvement of their living and working conditions.
{"title":"Emerging port infrastructure and advocacy networks for migrant fishers in Taiwan","authors":"Jonathan Parhusip","doi":"10.1177/01171968231191468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231191468","url":null,"abstract":"As the nation with the most significant number of foreign fishers employed in its domestic and distant water fishing industries, Taiwan often comes under scrutiny due to numerous reports of poor working conditions, maltreatment and human rights abuses onboard fishing vessels. During employment, migrant fishers face the constant threat of food shortages on the high seas, lack of drinking water, unpaid salaries, long working hours and other human and labor rights abuses. The fishers’ journey often ends with unilateral contract termination and forced deportation. This paper argues that the opportunity for the migrant fishers to improve their working conditions depends on the social networks and connection to people or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that could offer know-how and resources to advocate for their rights. Focusing on the networking between Stella Maris International Seafarers’ Center in Kaohsiung (also known as Stella Maris Kaohsiung or SMK) and migrant-led organizations in Taiwan, this research note proposes the notion of “port infrastructure” to refer to networked support organization, promotes the rights of fishers, and the improvement of their living and working conditions.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"371 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81401546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2023-07-21DOI: 10.1177/01171968231189139
Laura Foley
This paper analyzes how policy-relevant actors understand the causes and effects of labor immigration to Malaysia, the country that receives the highest number of migrant workers in Southeast Asia. Whereas most research on international migration governance has focused on governance system outputs, this paper adopts an actor-centered perspective to investigate how actors narratively construct labor migration dynamics in Malaysia and how they conceptualize the drivers and impacts of labor migration policies and practices. The empirical material comes from 41 in-depth interviews with government officials, policymakers, international and regional organizations, nongovernmental organizations, employers' organizations, trade unions, and embassy representatives. The study found that Malaysia's migration governance system was perceived as "chaotic" due to the seemingly inconsistent, unclear "ad hoc" policy measures implemented, and that the governance system is perceived as "corrupt." Economic incentives were also seen as the primary driver of labor immigration, yet the main impact on Malaysian society was perceived as the spread of criminality, violence and disease, a narrative centered on migrant men. This paper argues that this discourse is problematic as it may drive types of policy measures that target migrant men.
{"title":"Criminality, chaos and corruption: Analyzing the narratives of labor migration dynamics in Malaysia.","authors":"Laura Foley","doi":"10.1177/01171968231189139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231189139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper analyzes how policy-relevant actors understand the causes and effects of labor immigration to Malaysia, the country that receives the highest number of migrant workers in Southeast Asia. Whereas most research on international migration governance has focused on governance system outputs, this paper adopts an actor-centered perspective to investigate how actors narratively construct labor migration dynamics in Malaysia and how they conceptualize the drivers and impacts of labor migration policies and practices. The empirical material comes from 41 in-depth interviews with government officials, policymakers, international and regional organizations, nongovernmental organizations, employers' organizations, trade unions, and embassy representatives. The study found that Malaysia's migration governance system was perceived as \"chaotic\" due to the seemingly inconsistent, unclear \"ad hoc\" policy measures implemented, and that the governance system is perceived as \"corrupt.\" Economic incentives were also seen as the primary driver of labor immigration, yet the main impact on Malaysian society was perceived as the spread of criminality, violence and disease, a narrative centered on migrant men. This paper argues that this discourse is problematic as it may drive types of policy measures that target migrant men.</p>","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"32 2","pages":"208-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/69/10.1177_01171968231189139.PMC10516739.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41153091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231191289
Bu-Hyun Nam
Considering the increasing numbers of migrant workers in the Republic of Korea and the challenges faced by migrant workers in adapting to their new environment, this study investigates how religious coping mediates acculturative stress and life satisfaction. Based on data collected from 106 Sri Lankan migrant workers, the study found that both internal and external religious coping styles significantly mediated acculturative stress and life satisfaction, with the external style affecting life satisfaction more significantly than the internal one. Religious coping styles were significantly and positively correlated with life satisfaction, which could help reduce acculturative stress. Factors, including age, gender, marital status, religious visits and working hours contribute to understanding the role that religious coping mechanisms play in the lives of migrant workers. Accordingly, the study suggests supporting religious communities and activities of migrants, and upgrading the social, cultural and educational services they receive, as well as the policies of the Korean government directed toward them.
{"title":"Mediating effects of religious coping on acculturative stress and life satisfaction: Focus on Sri Lankan migrant workers in Korea","authors":"Bu-Hyun Nam","doi":"10.1177/01171968231191289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231191289","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the increasing numbers of migrant workers in the Republic of Korea and the challenges faced by migrant workers in adapting to their new environment, this study investigates how religious coping mediates acculturative stress and life satisfaction. Based on data collected from 106 Sri Lankan migrant workers, the study found that both internal and external religious coping styles significantly mediated acculturative stress and life satisfaction, with the external style affecting life satisfaction more significantly than the internal one. Religious coping styles were significantly and positively correlated with life satisfaction, which could help reduce acculturative stress. Factors, including age, gender, marital status, religious visits and working hours contribute to understanding the role that religious coping mechanisms play in the lives of migrant workers. Accordingly, the study suggests supporting religious communities and activities of migrants, and upgrading the social, cultural and educational services they receive, as well as the policies of the Korean government directed toward them.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"314 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85704117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231188135
G. Ducanes, Anna Engblom, V. J. Ramos
While a thick strand of literature demonstrates informally employed workers and irregular migrants being generally worse off in the labor market, little has been done to examine and compare these two sources of disadvantages. Using regression analyses on a survey of migrant workers in Thailand from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the paper measures the prevalence of informal employment and estimates the differential contributions of irregular migration status and informal employment on various employment conditions. The paper finds that informality has a relatively stronger association with worse employment conditions, and systematic differences persist across sectors of employment and countries of origin. Initiatives to improve working conditions for irregular migrant workers should thus focus on both formalizing their employment status and expanding access to legal and safe migration, including social protection programs, in destination countries.
{"title":"Informal employment and irregular migration status: A double whammy for migrant workers in Thailand","authors":"G. Ducanes, Anna Engblom, V. J. Ramos","doi":"10.1177/01171968231188135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231188135","url":null,"abstract":"While a thick strand of literature demonstrates informally employed workers and irregular migrants being generally worse off in the labor market, little has been done to examine and compare these two sources of disadvantages. Using regression analyses on a survey of migrant workers in Thailand from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the paper measures the prevalence of informal employment and estimates the differential contributions of irregular migration status and informal employment on various employment conditions. The paper finds that informality has a relatively stronger association with worse employment conditions, and systematic differences persist across sectors of employment and countries of origin. Initiatives to improve working conditions for irregular migrant workers should thus focus on both formalizing their employment status and expanding access to legal and safe migration, including social protection programs, in destination countries.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"234 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90160459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231190331
George Palattiyil, Md. Tariqul Islam Limon, M. F. Jubayer, Habibur Rahman, Irin Sultana, Mesbha Uddin Ahmed, Dina Sidhva, H. Nair
While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact people globally, refugees comprise a vulnerable population, particularly those living in densely populated areas. In Bangladesh, Cox’s Bazar is currently home to almost a million Rohingya refugees. Because of the lack of healthcare, sanitation and water, as well as overcrowding, refugees were at high risk of becoming ill during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Moreover, superstitions and lack of trust in the healthcare system threaten to put the community at further risk. To prevent tragic consequences, national and international attention and action are required to strengthen the health system for Rohingya refugees. The community will require surveillance and testing, infection prevention and control measures, adequate food supplies, and access to improved healthcare services. This paper calls for a multi-sectoral approach to developing an action plan and implementation strategy to minimize the impact of COVID-19 on this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Reflections on the multi-sectoral response to COVID-19 in Bangladesh’s Rohingya refugee camps","authors":"George Palattiyil, Md. Tariqul Islam Limon, M. F. Jubayer, Habibur Rahman, Irin Sultana, Mesbha Uddin Ahmed, Dina Sidhva, H. Nair","doi":"10.1177/01171968231190331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231190331","url":null,"abstract":"While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact people globally, refugees comprise a vulnerable population, particularly those living in densely populated areas. In Bangladesh, Cox’s Bazar is currently home to almost a million Rohingya refugees. Because of the lack of healthcare, sanitation and water, as well as overcrowding, refugees were at high risk of becoming ill during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Moreover, superstitions and lack of trust in the healthcare system threaten to put the community at further risk. To prevent tragic consequences, national and international attention and action are required to strengthen the health system for Rohingya refugees. The community will require surveillance and testing, infection prevention and control measures, adequate food supplies, and access to improved healthcare services. This paper calls for a multi-sectoral approach to developing an action plan and implementation strategy to minimize the impact of COVID-19 on this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74519530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231188532
Gracia Liu-Farrer, A. Green, Ceren Ozgen, M. Cole
Industrialized countries have increasingly used skill-based selective migration policies to reduce labor and skill shortages. But are these policies effective? This paper uses Japan and the United Kingdom to illustrate how immigration policy and employment, training and labor practices influence labor and skill supply. Until recently, these two countries had different migration policies and labor practices. Yet data shows similar patterns of labor and skill shortage profiles in both countries. This paper draws on empirical research to argue that such outcomes suggest that immigration policies will not alleviate labor and skill shortages unless accompanied by the transformation of employment and training practices.
{"title":"Immigration and labor shortages: Learning from Japan and the United Kingdom","authors":"Gracia Liu-Farrer, A. Green, Ceren Ozgen, M. Cole","doi":"10.1177/01171968231188532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231188532","url":null,"abstract":"Industrialized countries have increasingly used skill-based selective migration policies to reduce labor and skill shortages. But are these policies effective? This paper uses Japan and the United Kingdom to illustrate how immigration policy and employment, training and labor practices influence labor and skill supply. Until recently, these two countries had different migration policies and labor practices. Yet data shows similar patterns of labor and skill shortage profiles in both countries. This paper draws on empirical research to argue that such outcomes suggest that immigration policies will not alleviate labor and skill shortages unless accompanied by the transformation of employment and training practices.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"336 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79509825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231182032
L. Hoang, Juan Zhang
Transnational migration entails profound changes to gender subjectivities and family structures, social networks and urban landscapes, and lifestyles and aspirations. Pandemic-induced immobilities have led many to question the assumed links between migration and mobility, and heightened interest in mobility inequalities. This research note offers critical insights into the “immobility turn” scholarship and highlights the gaps in our understanding of immobilities as both a social phenomenon and a conceptual tool. By placing our analytical focus on migrant immobilities, this research note sheds light on important changes in the meanings and values associated with migration and (im)mobility across contexts.
{"title":"Migrant immobilities beyond the pandemic: Changing migration patterns and aspirations","authors":"L. Hoang, Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1177/01171968231182032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231182032","url":null,"abstract":"Transnational migration entails profound changes to gender subjectivities and family structures, social networks and urban landscapes, and lifestyles and aspirations. Pandemic-induced immobilities have led many to question the assumed links between migration and mobility, and heightened interest in mobility inequalities. This research note offers critical insights into the “immobility turn” scholarship and highlights the gaps in our understanding of immobilities as both a social phenomenon and a conceptual tool. By placing our analytical focus on migrant immobilities, this research note sheds light on important changes in the meanings and values associated with migration and (im)mobility across contexts.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82427763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231191287
Hui Chen, Yungang Liu, B. Yeoh
In recent years, while scholarly work on new immigrant destinations (NIDs) within the United States and Europe has increased, little attention has been given the role and significance of the migration industry in promoting the emergence of NIDs. This is a particularly significant lacuna as some Asian nations are undergoing dramatic migration transition despite the lack of immigration regulatory infrastructure. In this context, focusing on the role of commercial intermediaries play in the formation of NIDs is an important perspective in understanding migration transition in Asia. Drawing on qualitative interviews with Filipino domestic workers and intermediaries, this paper analyzes how intermediaries promote Mainland China as a new destination for the Filipino domestic workers by creating a new promising market, border-crossing tactics, as well as managing migrant workers using training and control strategies at ground level.
{"title":"New immigrant destinations and the role of the migration industry: Moving Filipino domestic workers to Mainland China","authors":"Hui Chen, Yungang Liu, B. Yeoh","doi":"10.1177/01171968231191287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231191287","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, while scholarly work on new immigrant destinations (NIDs) within the United States and Europe has increased, little attention has been given the role and significance of the migration industry in promoting the emergence of NIDs. This is a particularly significant lacuna as some Asian nations are undergoing dramatic migration transition despite the lack of immigration regulatory infrastructure. In this context, focusing on the role of commercial intermediaries play in the formation of NIDs is an important perspective in understanding migration transition in Asia. Drawing on qualitative interviews with Filipino domestic workers and intermediaries, this paper analyzes how intermediaries promote Mainland China as a new destination for the Filipino domestic workers by creating a new promising market, border-crossing tactics, as well as managing migrant workers using training and control strategies at ground level.","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"183 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83424279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1177/01171968231172526
E. Fong
Attracting highly educated/high-skilled migrants has been a major policy issue for many East and Southeast Asian economies. Highly skilled migrants do not necessarily have higher levels of education, but highly educated migrants have usually acquired higher levels of skills. Over the past few decades, a growing number of economies in East and Southeast Asia have implemented policies to attract or retain highly educated/high-skilled migrants, including nurses, highskilled technicians, computer scientists, engineers and financial analysts. We define highly educated individuals as those with university education or above-average education in their local labor market, while the highly skilled is broadly defined as those with high level of training, special skills, or those who acquired both. At the same time, economies in other parts of the world have been actively recruiting similar highly educated/high-skilled groups. Therefore, economies in East and Southeast Asia compete not only with other economies in the region, but also with developed economies in other parts of the world. In response to the high demand and potentially high rewards, welleducated migrants have become very mobile. According to Czaika (2018), in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
{"title":"Social and economic integration of highly educated/high-skilled migrants in East and Southeast Asia: Overview of the Special Issue","authors":"E. Fong","doi":"10.1177/01171968231172526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01171968231172526","url":null,"abstract":"Attracting highly educated/high-skilled migrants has been a major policy issue for many East and Southeast Asian economies. Highly skilled migrants do not necessarily have higher levels of education, but highly educated migrants have usually acquired higher levels of skills. Over the past few decades, a growing number of economies in East and Southeast Asia have implemented policies to attract or retain highly educated/high-skilled migrants, including nurses, highskilled technicians, computer scientists, engineers and financial analysts. We define highly educated individuals as those with university education or above-average education in their local labor market, while the highly skilled is broadly defined as those with high level of training, special skills, or those who acquired both. At the same time, economies in other parts of the world have been actively recruiting similar highly educated/high-skilled groups. Therefore, economies in East and Southeast Asia compete not only with other economies in the region, but also with developed economies in other parts of the world. In response to the high demand and potentially high rewards, welleducated migrants have become very mobile. According to Czaika (2018), in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)","PeriodicalId":46248,"journal":{"name":"Asian and Pacific Migration Journal","volume":"24 10 1","pages":"3 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91051639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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