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Educational activity of enzyme kinetics in an undergraduate biochemistry course: invertase enzyme as a model. 酶动力学在生物化学本科课程中的教育活动:以转化酶为模型。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00050-24
Ibrahim Al-Odat

This article aims to simplify and facilitate the process of practical teaching of enzyme kinetics by utilizing minimal teaching laboratory requirements. Simultaneously, it ensures that students comprehend the enzyme kinetics experiment effectively. The focus is on teaching students how to estimate the maximum velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis constant (Km) of β-fructofuranosidase enzyme (also known as invertase) isolated from dry yeast. The invertase enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose substrate into glucose and fructose, employing the Michaelis-Menten approach of evaluating invertase enzyme kinetics as well as Lineweaver-Burk linear graphic approach of evaluating the Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics. The practical experiment seeks to reinforce the concepts of initial velocity dependence on substrate concentration. The data presented in the work were generated from a genuine practical biochemistry course enrolled by second-year undergraduate students in the Department of Pharmacy and the Department of Medical Laboratory Science. While there were minor variations in the invertase enzyme kinetic parameters among students, they successfully carried out the experiment. The students accurately estimated the Vmax and Km of the invertase enzyme in the sucrose hydrolysis chemical reaction. Moreover, they demonstrated an understanding of the meanings of the kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) and the utility of the Lineweaver-Burk plot.

本文旨在利用最少的教学实验要求,简化和促进酶动力学实践教学过程。同时,确保学生有效地理解酶动力学实验。重点是指导学生如何估算从干酵母中分离出来的β-呋喃果糖酶(又称转化酶)的最大速度(Vmax)和迈克尔斯常数(Km)。转化酶催化蔗糖底物水解为葡萄糖和果糖,采用 Michaelis-Menten 法评估转化酶酶动力学,以及 Lineweaver-Burk 线性图形法评估 Michaelis-Menten 酶动力学。实际实验旨在强化初始速度与底物浓度相关性的概念。作品中展示的数据来自药学系和医学检验系二年级本科生选修的一门真正实用的生物化学课程。虽然学生们的转化酶动力学参数略有不同,但他们都成功地完成了实验。学生们准确地估计了转化酶在蔗糖水解化学反应中的 Vmax 和 Km。此外,他们还展示了对动力学参数(Km 和 Vmax)含义和 Lineweaver-Burk 图的实用性的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Development and evaluation of an intensive short course: the Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Interdisciplinary Instructional Institute (QMRA III). 开发和评估短期强化课程:微生物风险定量评估跨学科教学研究所(QMRA III)。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00216-23
Jade Mitchell, Hongwan Li, Mark H Weir, Julie Libarkin, Emily Pasek

Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is a growing interdisciplinary field addressing exposures to microbial pathogens and infectious disease processes. Risk science is inherently interdisciplinary, but few of the contributing disciplinary programs offer courses and training specifically in QMRA. To develop multidisciplinary training in QMRA, an annual 10-day long intensive workshop was conducted from 2015 to 2019-the Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Interdisciplinary Instructional Institute (QMRA III). National leaders in the fields of public health, engineering, microbiology, epidemiology, communications, public policy, and QMRA served as instructors and mentors over the course of the program. To provide cross-training, multidisciplinary teams of 5-6 trainees were created from the approximately 30 trainees each year. A formal assessment of the program was performed based on observations and surveys containing Likert-type scales and open-ended prompts. In addition, a longitudinal alumni survey was also disseminated to facilitate the future redevelopment of QMRA institutes and determine the impact of the program. Across all years, trainees experienced statistically significant increases (P < 0.05) in their perceptions of their QMRA abilities (e.g., use of specific computer programs) and knowledge of QMRA constructs (e.g., risk management). In addition, 12 publications, three conference presentations, and two research grants were derived from the QMRA III institute projects or tangential research. The success of QMRA III indicates that a short course format can effectively address many multidisciplinary training needs. Key features of QMRA III, including the inter-disciplinary training approach, hands-on exercises, real-world institute projects, and interaction through a mentoring process, were vital for training multidisciplinary teams housing multiple forms of expertise. Future QMRA institutes are being redeveloped to leverage hybrid learning formats that can further the multidisciplinary training and mentoring objectives.

定量微生物风险评估(QMRA)是一个不断发展的跨学科领域,它涉及微生物病原体暴露和传染病过程。风险科学本质上是跨学科的,但很少有学科项目专门开设 QMRA 课程和培训。为了发展 QMRA 的多学科培训,从 2015 年到 2019 年,每年都会举办为期 10 天的强化研讨会--微生物风险定量评估跨学科教学研究所(QMRA III)。公共卫生、工程学、微生物学、流行病学、传播学、公共政策和 QMRA 等领域的国家领导人担任该计划的讲师和导师。为了提供交叉培训,每年从约 30 名学员中挑选 5-6 名学员组成多学科小组。根据观察结果以及包含李克特量表和开放式提示的调查问卷,对该计划进行了正式评估。此外,还发布了一份纵向校友调查,以促进 QMRA 学院未来的再发展,并确定该计划的影响。在所有年份中,受训人员对其 QMRA 能力(如特定计算机程序的使用)和 QMRA 构建知识(如风险管理)的认知都有显著提高(P < 0.05)。此外,QMRA III 研究所的项目或切入研究还产生了 12 篇出版物、3 篇会议论文和 2 项研究基金。QMRA III 的成功表明,短期课程的形式可以有效满足许多多学科的培训需求。QMRA III 的主要特点,包括跨学科培训方法、实践练习、实际研究所项目以及通过指导过程进行的互动,对于培训拥有多种专业技能的多学科团队至关重要。未来的 QMRA 学院正在重新开发,以利用混合学习形式,进一步实现多学科培训和指导目标。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic answer-dependent multiple-choice questions and holistic assessment analysis in high-enrollment courses. 高入学率课程中的动态答案选择题和整体评估分析。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00047-24
Harnejan K Atwal, Kenjiro W Quides

Many 4-year public institutions face significant pedagogical challenges due to the high ratio of students to teaching team members. To address the issue, we developed a workflow using the programming language R as a method to rapidly grade multiple-choice questions, adjust for errors, and grade answer-dependent style multiple-choice questions, thus shifting the teaching teams' time commitment back to student interaction. We provide an example of answer-dependent style multiple-choice questions and demonstrate how the output allows for discrete analysis of questions based on various categories such as Fundamental Statements or Bloom's Taxonomy Levels. Additionally, we show how student demographics can be easily integrated to yield a holistic perspective on student performance in a course. The workflow offers dynamic grading opportunities for multiple-choice questions and versatility through its adaptability to assessment analyses. This approach to multiple-choice questions allows instructors to pinpoint factors affecting student performance and respond to changes to foster a healthy learning environment.

由于学生与教学团队成员的比例较高,许多四年制公立院校面临着巨大的教学挑战。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一种使用编程语言 R 的工作流程,作为快速批改选择题、调整错误和批改答案依赖型选择题的方法,从而将教学团队的时间投入转回学生互动上。我们提供了一个答案依赖型选择题的示例,并演示了输出如何根据基本陈述或布卢姆分类学等级等不同类别对问题进行离散分析。此外,我们还展示了如何轻松整合学生人口统计数据,以全面了解学生在课程中的表现。该工作流程为多项选择题提供了动态评分机会,并通过其对评估分析的适应性提供了多功能性。这种处理选择题的方法使教师能够准确定位影响学生成绩的因素,并对变化做出反应,从而营造健康的学习环境。
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引用次数: 0
The changing landscape with respect to scientific research and education for second-level students and how they can overlap: the Kefir4All example. 面向二年级学生的科学研究和教育方面不断变化的情况,以及两者如何重叠:Kefir4All 的例子。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00058-24
Liam H Walsh, Cian O' Mahony, Paul D Cotter

Have you ever deeply considered the intersections between research and education, particularly for second-level students? Traditionally, the convergence of these two realms is most often noted when considering the integration of research findings into educational practices or the involvement of, typically a small number, of students in research activities. While these practices have demonstrated efficacy, the fields of scientific research and education are evolving rapidly, necessitating a reevaluation of how we can optimize their convergence. In our discourse, we delve into these evolving trends, uncover the potential for greater integration, and, ultimately, enhance outcomes using the citizen science initiative Kefir4All as an illustrative example.

您是否深入思考过研究与教育之间的交集,尤其是对二年级学生而言?传统上,这两个领域的交汇最常见于考虑将研究成果融入教育实践或让学生(通常是少数学生)参与研究活动。虽然这些做法已经证明了其有效性,但科学研究和教育领域的发展日新月异,我们有必要重新评估如何优化这两个领域的融合。在我们的讨论中,我们以公民科学倡议 Kefir4All 为例,深入探讨了这些不断变化的趋势,发现了更大融合的潜力,并最终提高了成果。
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引用次数: 0
+Ciencia: a training program to increase evidence-based science communication and literacy for Hispanic high school and undergraduate students. +Ciencia:一项培训计划,旨在提高西班牙裔高中生和本科生以证据为基础的科学交流和素养。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00040-24
Nicole Colón Carrión, Nathalie Fuentes, Valeria A Gerena González, Nicole Hsiao-Sánchez, Luis Colón-Cruz, Kevin de Jesús Morales, Kenneth J De Jesús Morales, Maria González Morales, Cayetana Lazcano Etchebarne, Marcos J Ramos Benítez

Science misinformation represents a significant challenge for the scientific community. Hispanic communities are particularly vulnerable due to language barriers and the lack of accessible information in Spanish. We identified that a key step toward enhancing the accessibility of information for non-native English-speaking communities involves imparting science communication education and training to Hispanic youth. Our goal was to provide them with the skills to become science ambassadors who can effectively engage with their communities and bridge communication gaps. To address this, we developed the first science communication training program in Spanish for Hispanic high school and undergraduate students in Puerto Rico. The program called +Ciencia aims to provide training and education on science communication for Hispanic minorities through experiential and collaborative learning. In the short term, our multifaceted approach works to counter misinformation and promote science literacy within the broader community. Over the long term, our grassroots efforts with students will evolve into a generation of professionals equipped with strong engagement skills and comprehensive training in science communication with a specific focus on Hispanic audiences. Herein, we describe the components of this educational program and provide open access to educational materials and articles developed by three cohorts.

科学误导是科学界面临的一项重大挑战。由于语言障碍和缺乏可用的西班牙语信息,西班牙裔社区尤其容易受到影响。我们发现,提高非英语母语社区获取信息能力的关键步骤是向西班牙裔青年传授科学传播教育和培训。我们的目标是向他们传授成为科学大使的技能,使他们能够有效地参与社区活动,弥合交流鸿沟。为此,我们为波多黎各的西班牙裔高中生和本科生制定了首个西班牙语科学传播培训计划。该计划名为 "+Ciencia",旨在通过体验式和协作式学习,为西班牙裔少数群体提供科学传播方面的培训和教育。在短期内,我们的多层面方法致力于在更广泛的社区内抵制错误信息,提高科学素养。从长远来看,我们在学生中开展的基层工作将发展成为一代专业人员,他们具备很强的参与技能,并接受过科学传播方面的全面培训,特别是针对拉美裔受众的培训。在此,我们将介绍该教育计划的组成部分,并提供由三批学生编写的教育材料和文章的开放访问权限。
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引用次数: 0
Climate change education in U.S. middle schools: changes over five pivotal years. 美国中学的气候变化教育:关键五年的变化。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00015-24
Eric Plutzer, Glenn Branch, Amanda L Townley

Climate change education is both important and challenging. Prior research suggests that many secondary school science teachers in the United States were conveying "mixed messages" to students that legitimized scientifically unwarranted explanations of recent global warming. In this paper, we focus on US climate education at the middle school level and assess whether teacher attention to recent global warming, and whether the messages conveyed to students, changed between 2014 and 2019. Pooling data from two nationally representative probability surveys of middle school science teachers, we show significant advances on several key criteria, but the prevalence of mixed messages remained high. Exploratory analysis suggests that improvements were spurred partly by the adoption of the Next Generation Science Standards by many states and by partly by shifts in the personal views of science educators.

气候变化教育既重要又具有挑战性。先前的研究表明,美国许多中学科学教师向学生传达了 "混合信息",使对近期全球变暖的不合科学的解释合法化。在本文中,我们关注美国中学阶段的气候教育,并评估教师对近期全球变暖的关注以及向学生传达的信息在 2014 年至 2019 年间是否发生了变化。通过汇集两项具有全国代表性的中学科学教师概率调查的数据,我们发现在几个关键标准上取得了显著进步,但混合信息的普遍性仍然很高。探索性分析表明,进步的部分原因是许多州采用了《下一代科学标准》,部分原因是科学教育者个人观点的转变。
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引用次数: 0
The utilization of an unconventional approach to introduce basic bacteriology in a medical school bridge program. 在医学院桥梁课程中采用非常规方法介绍基础细菌学。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00185-22
Henna Iqbal, Kenneth Onyedibe

Bacteria form an intense portion of reading and learning for students enrolled in microbiology education. As a part of the foundational course outline of bacteriology, bacterial classification is a significant topic of discussion. The purpose of our study was to analyze whether bacterial classification can be taught with a phylogenetic tree approach that might be more engaging and beneficial to student learners of microbiology. This methodology is unique compared to the conventional approach applied in introductory lectures of bacteriology that relies on morphology and Gram-staining to classify bacteria. The participants of this study were students enrolled in a two-semester medical school bridge program that offers a Master's degree in Pre-clinical Sciences. We presented bacterial origin and classification in the light of evolution and used a phylogenetic tree to signify clinically relevant groups of bacteria. Students were also taught the traditional bacterial classification using Gram stains and morphology. Both methods of classification were delivered in a didactic classroom session considering equal time spent and utilizing the same format. An online survey was distributed to the students after the session to collect their feedback. The results from the survey showed that 74% of participants would prefer learning bacterial classification using a combined approach that includes both Gram-staining and morphology as well as the phylogenetic tree. When asked if the study of bacterial classification through an evolutionary tree diagram is a clear and concise way of understanding bacteria, 79% of the students either agreed or strongly agreed with this statement. Interestingly, the alternative phylogenetic tree approach was considered more engaging and regarded as a means to expand the clinical knowledge of bacteria by 78% and 71% of the students, respectively. Overall, our study strongly supports the use of tree-based classification as an additional method to improve the learning of medically important groups of bacteria at varying levels of education.

细菌是微生物学专业学生阅读和学习的重要内容。作为细菌学基础课程大纲的一部分,细菌分类是一个重要的讨论主题。我们研究的目的是分析是否可以采用系统发生树的方法来教授细菌分类,这种方法可能更有吸引力,也更有利于微生物学的学生学习。与细菌学入门讲座中采用的依靠形态学和革兰氏染色来进行细菌分类的传统方法相比,这种方法是独一无二的。本研究的参与者是医学院桥梁课程的学生,该课程为期两个学期,提供临床前科学硕士学位。我们从进化的角度介绍了细菌的起源和分类,并使用系统发生树来标示与临床相关的细菌群。我们还向学生传授了使用革兰氏染色法和形态学进行细菌分类的传统方法。两种分类方法都是在课堂讲授中进行的,所用时间相同,形式也相同。课后向学生分发了一份在线调查,以收集他们的反馈意见。调查结果显示,74% 的学员更愿意采用包括革兰氏染色法、形态学和系统发生树在内的综合方法来学习细菌分类。当被问及通过进化树状图学习细菌分类是否是一种简洁明了的了解细菌的方法时,79% 的学生表示同意或非常同意这一说法。有趣的是,分别有 78% 和 71% 的学生认为另一种系统进化树方法更有吸引力,并认为它是扩展细菌临床知识的一种手段。总之,我们的研究有力地支持了使用基于树的分类法作为一种额外的方法,以提高不同教育水平的学生对医学上重要的细菌群的学习。
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引用次数: 0
Fungi: friends or foes-an outreach science initiative for the collection of airborne fungal spores by high school students. 真菌:朋友还是敌人--中学生收集空气中真菌孢子的外展科学活动。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00198-23
Daryna Piontkivska, João M P Jorge, Rita Neves, Pedro Crespo, Renata Ramalho, Cristina Silva Pereira

Fungi mostly reproduce through spores that are adapted for airborne dispersal; hence, fungal spores (and fungi) are found virtually everywhere. Fungi can be "friends or foes." Our friends include fungi used in the food and biotech industries, fungi that contribute to the cycling of carbon and nutrients, and those involved in the decontamination of polluted soils and/or water, to mention just a few examples. Many species, however, are foes-they are detrimental to plants, animals, and/or humans. Annually, >1.5 million people die due to invasive fungal infections. With the aim of enhancing microbiology literacy and the understanding of microbial concepts, we set up a project for the collection of airborne spores (the principal agent through which human airways are exposed to fungi). Students from five high schools in the Oeiras municipality partnered with us as citizen scientists; they carried out sampling by collecting fungal spores on adhesive stickers. The fungal spores collected by the students were subsequently processed in the schools and our research laboratory. Results obtained by the students themselves revealed a large variety of fungal species capable of growing in a rich medium at 30°C. In the research laboratory, using selective isolation conditions, 40 thermotolerant fungi were isolated, 32 of which were taxonomically identified as aspergilla, mostly from within the Aspergillus fumigatus taxa, yet exhibiting high genetic heterogeneity. The protocols and results were presented to the students, who were made aware of the local dispersal of airborne fungal spores, including some from potentially pathogenic fungi. Through carrying out scientific activities, the students developed both the interest and the self-confidence needed to implement future environmental investigations.

真菌大多通过孢子繁殖,孢子适合在空气中传播;因此,真菌孢子(和真菌)几乎随处可见。真菌可以是 "朋友,也可以是敌人"。我们的朋友包括食品和生物技术产业中使用的真菌、促进碳和养分循环的真菌以及参与净化受污染土壤和/或水的真菌,这里仅举几个例子。然而,许多物种是敌人--它们对植物、动物和/或人类有害。每年有超过 150 万人死于入侵性真菌感染。为了提高微生物学素养和对微生物概念的理解,我们设立了一个收集空气传播孢子(人体呼吸道接触真菌的主要媒介)的项目。来自埃拉斯市五所高中的学生作为公民科学家与我们合作;他们在不干胶贴纸上收集真菌孢子,进行采样。学生们收集的真菌孢子随后在学校和我们的研究实验室进行处理。学生们自己获得的结果显示,能够在 30°C 的富含培养基中生长的真菌种类繁多。在研究实验室中,利用选择性分离条件,分离出 40 种耐高温真菌,其中 32 种在分类学上被确定为曲霉,它们大多来自烟曲霉类群,但表现出高度的遗传异质性。向学生们介绍了实验方案和结果,使他们了解到空气中真菌孢子在当地的传播情况,其中包括一些可能致病的真菌孢子。通过开展科学活动,学生们培养了开展未来环境调查所需的兴趣和自信心。
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引用次数: 0
Bacttle: a microbiology educational board game for lay public and schools. Bacttle:面向普通公众和学校的微生物教育棋盘游戏。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00097-24
Tania Miguel Trabajo, Eavan Dorcey, Jan Roelof van der Meer

Inspired by the positive impact of serious games on science understanding and motivated by personal interests in scientific outreach, we developed "Bacttle," an easy-to-play microbiology board game with adaptive difficulty, targeting any player from 7 years old onward. Bacttle addresses both the lay public and teachers for use in classrooms as a way of introducing microbiology concepts. The layout of the game and its mechanism are the result of multiple rounds of trial, feedback, and re-design. The final version consists of a deck of cards, a 3D-printed board, and tokens (with a paper-based alternative), with all digital content open source. Players in Bacttle take on the character of a bacterial species. The aim for each species is to proliferate under the environmental conditions of the board and the interactions with the board and with other players, which vary as the play evolves. Players start with a given number of lives that will increase or decrease based on the traits they play for different environmental scenarios. Such bacterial traits come in the form of cards that can be deployed strategically. To assess the impact of the game on microbiological knowledge, we scored differences in the understanding of general concepts before and after playing the game. We assessed a total of 169 visitors at two different university open-day science fairs. Players were asked to fill out a brief survey before and after the game with questions targeting conceptual advances. Results show that Bacttle increases general microbiology knowledge on players as young as 5 years old and with the highest impact on those who have no a priori microbiology comprehension.

受到严肃游戏对科学理解产生的积极影响的启发,并出于对科学推广的个人兴趣,我们开发了 "Bacttle",这是一款简单易玩的微生物学棋盘游戏,难度自适应,适合 7 岁以上的任何玩家。Bacttle 既面向普通大众,也面向教师,是一种在课堂上介绍微生物学概念的方法。游戏的布局和机制是多轮试验、反馈和重新设计的结果。最终版本由一副扑克牌、3D 打印的棋盘和代币(纸质替代品)组成,所有数字内容均开源。玩家在 Bacttle 中扮演一个细菌物种。每个物种的目标都是在棋盘的环境条件下增殖,并与棋盘和其他玩家互动。玩家一开始会有一定数量的生命,这些生命会根据玩家在不同环境下发挥的特性而增减。这些细菌特性以卡片的形式出现,可以进行战略部署。为了评估游戏对微生物知识的影响,我们对玩游戏前后对一般概念的理解差异进行了评分。我们在两个不同的大学开放日科学展上对总共 169 名参观者进行了评估。玩家需要在游戏前后填写一份简短的调查问卷,其中包含针对概念进展的问题。结果表明,Bacttle 增加了年仅 5 岁的玩家的微生物学常识,对那些没有先验微生物学理解能力的玩家影响最大。
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引用次数: 0
Climate change and plant rhizosphere microbiomes: an experiential course-embedded research project. 气候变化与植物根瘤微生物群:体验式课程嵌入研究项目。
IF 1.6 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00046-24
James A Parejko

The current and ongoing challenges brought on by climate change will require future scientists who have hands-on experience using advanced molecular techniques, can work with large data sets, and can make correlations between metadata and microbial diversity. A course-embedded research project can prepare students to answer complex research questions that might help plants adapt to climate change. The project described herein uses plants as a host to study the impact of climate change-induced drought on host-microbe interactions through next-generation DNA sequencing and analysis using a command-line program. Specifically, the project studies the impact of simulated drought on the rhizosphere microbiome of Fast Plants rapid cycling Brassica rapa using inexpensive greenhouse supplies and 16S rRNA V3/V4 Illumina sequencing. Data analysis is performed with the freely accessible Python-based microbiome bioinformatics platform QIIME 2.

气候变化带来的当前和持续挑战需要未来的科学家拥有使用先进分子技术的实践经验,能够处理大型数据集,并能将元数据与微生物多样性联系起来。课程中的研究项目可以帮助学生回答复杂的研究问题,从而帮助植物适应气候变化。本文介绍的项目以植物为宿主,通过使用命令行程序进行下一代 DNA 测序和分析,研究气候变化引起的干旱对宿主与微生物相互作用的影响。具体来说,该项目利用廉价的温室用品和 16S rRNA V3/V4 Illumina 测序技术,研究模拟干旱对快速植物快速循环 Brassica rapa 根瘤微生物组的影响。数据分析使用可免费访问的基于 Python- 的微生物组生物信息学平台 QIIME 2 进行。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education
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